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SOUTH   CHURCH   JULY   7,    ig 


1670  1892 


HISTORY 


Second  Church  of  Christ 


IN   HARTFORD 


By  Edwin  Pond  Parker 


Hartford,  Conn. 
BELKNAP    &    WARFIELD 

1892 

THIS  VOLUr^E  DOES  NOT 
Cli.CULAlE 


,  OF  THE  CASE,  LOCKWOOP  A   BRArNARO  COMPANT 


^cbication 


TO    THE    MEMBERS 

fiF 

Zbc  Scconb  Cburcb  of  Christ  in  ■^^artfo^^; 
TO    THE    MEMBERvS 

OF 

XEbc  Ecclesiastical  Socictv;  Conncctc&  "Cbcrcwitb ; 

TO    AI.I.   WHO   ARE    ACCUSTOMED   TO    WORSHIP   WITH    THE   SAME; 

TO    ALL    WHO,    ONCE    HAVING    HAD    HERE 

THEIR    FELLOWSHIP    IN    WORSHIP,  HAVE   GONE   AFAR,    BUT   STILL    KEMEMIiEK    Till? 

CHURCH    WITH    AFFECTION  ; 

TO   THE    MEMORY,    ALSO,    OF   THOSE    WHO    HAVE 

BEEN    TRANSLATED    HENCE   TO 

MT.    ZION    ABOVE, 

THIS    HISTORY   IS    HUMBLY    DEDICATED 

36v  tbc  Hutbor 


Hartford,  Nov.  i,  1892 


CONTENTS 


CHAPTER    I 
The  Struggle  for  Existence 

The  people  of  Hartford  and  their  condition  at  the  time  of  Thomas 
Hooker's  death.  No  adequate  leader  in  the  church.  Discussions 
and  disagreements  in  the  church.  The  causes  of  contention  ob- 
scure. The  old  Congregational  way  departed  from.  Common  ex- 
planations of  the  difficulty  shown  to  be  unsatisfactory  by  compara- 
tively new  documentary  evidence.  Personal  elements  in  the  conten- 
tion. Rev.  Mr.  Stone  and  Elder  Goodwin.  The  minority  party  in 
the  church  vainly  .strive  for  satisfaction  or  release.  They  attempt 
to  withdraw.  This  attempt  resisted.  Michael  Wigglesworth.  Cor- 
respondence between  the  parties.  Councils  called  to  little  purpose. 
Letters  from  Davenport  and  Higginson.  The  withdrawers  endeavor 
to  unite  with  Wethersfield  church,  but  are  not  permitted  to  do  so. 
The  General  Court  interferes  without  doing  any  good.  Council  of 
1659  and  its  findings.  A  breathing  spell.  Some  elements  that  in  course 
of  time  complicated  the  original  difficulty.  Controversy  breaks  out 
anew  after  Rev.  Mr.  Stone's  death.  Rev.  Messrs.  Haynes  and 
Whiting.  Action  of  General  Court.  Withdrawal  allowed.  Second 
Church  founded. 


CHAPTER   n.     1670-1689 
Pastorate  of  Rev.  John  Whiting      .....         46 

Organization  of  Second  Church.  Congregational  principles  stated 
in  its  platform.  The  covenant  of  the  church.  New  way  of  baptism 
practiced.  John  Whiting.  The  Whiting  family.  Original  mem- 
bers. Witchcraft  and  Anne  Cole.  John  White.  Some  acts  of  Second 
Church.  Baptismal  names.  Deacons  Grave  and  Hosmer.  Location 
of  meeting-house.  Death  of  Mr.  Whiting.  Letters  from  Rev.  Messrs, 
Woodbridge  and  Whiting. 


CHAPTER   HI 
Hartford  People  two  Centuries  ago         ....         66 

Relation  to  events  in  the  Old  World.  The  "  wilderness  condition  " 
here.  Houses  and  furniture.  Food  and  clothing.  Labor  and  com- 
merce. Scarcity  of  books.  Superstitions.  Encouragement  of  learn- 
ing. Social  life,  amusements,  legislation,  dress.  Religious  usages, 
Character  of  the  people. 


8  •  Contents 

CHAPTER   IV.      1694-1731 
Ministry  of  Rev.  Thomas  Buckingham  ...         90 

Account  of  him.  State  of  things  at  his  settlement.  Joseph  Buck- 
ingham, Esq.  Wars  and  rumors  of  wars.  Revivals  of  religion. 
The  hard  year  of  1697.  District  settlement  of  those  on  east  side  of 
the  Great  River,  and  at  West  Hartford.  Mr.  Buckingham  serves  as 
chaplain  at  Port  Royal,  etc.  The  founding  of  a  college.  New  ec- 
clesiastical constitution.  Saybrook  Synod.  Congregational  Church 
established  by  law.  Great  earthquake.  Episcopacy.  Efforts  to 
reunite  the  two  Hartford  churches.  Church  music.  Literature. 
The  newspaper.  Creation  of  Superior  Court.  Erection  of  State 
House.  Roads  and  bridges.  Changes  in  dress.  Money.  Madame 
Knight's  Journal. 

CHAPTER   V.     1733-1777 
Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnathan  Whitman,  D.D.    .         .         .       iii 

Account  of  him.  Abigail  Stanley.  Eliza  Wharton.  Troublous 
times.  Various  expeditions.  Religious  movements.  Great  awaken- 
ing of  1735.  Edwards  and  Whitefield.  Opposition  to  revivalistic 
work.  Old  lights  and  new.  Mr.  Whitman's  attitude.  Interposi- 
tion of  General  Assembly.  Harsh  legislation.  Separate  churches. 
Action  of  General  Association  towards  Whitefield.  Whitman's  elec- 
tion sermon.  New  meeting-houses  in  Hartford.  The  South  meet- 
ing-house. Bequests  of  Joseph  Buckingham,  Esq.  Decay  of  relig- 
ion. Political  excitements.  Society  records.  Colleague  pastor. 
Ordination  of  Mr.  Patten.  Seymour  family.  Various  local  matters. 
Retirement  of  Mr.  Patten.  His  family.  Church  music.  The  mur- 
murs of  the  coming  Revolutionary  War.  Deacons  Bull  and  Hos- 
mer.     Death  of  Mr.  Whitman. 

CHAPTER   VI.     1784-1825 
Ministry  of    Rev.    Benjamin    Boardman  and  of   Rev. 

Dr.  Abel  Flint 149 

Changes  in  dress  and  manners.  The  church  without  pastor  till 
1784  Joseph  Buckminster  and  other  ministers  called.  Benjamin 
Boardman' s  settlement.  Some  account  of  him.  The  good  cheer 
of  an  ordination  dinner.  Mr.  Boardman  as  chaplain.  His  diary. 
His  sermons.  His  retirement.  Encoui-agement  of  singing.  William 
Stanley's  bequests.  Mr.  Flint  becomes  pastor.  Another  merry  or- 
dination dinner.  Some  account  of  Dr.  Flint.  Religious  revivals. 
"Owning  the  covenant."  Amos  Bull  and  other  mu.sic  teachers. 
Hartford  Selection  of  Hymns.  Missionary  Society  of  Connecticut, 
Connecticut  Evangelical  Magazine.  Rate-Bill  of  1791.  Second  State 
House.  First  Baptist  Church.  Episcopal  Church.  Dramatic  ex- 
hibitions and  amusements.  Women  attempt  to  secure  greater 
plainness  of  dress.  Dress  and  customs.  Rationalism.  Modifica- 
tions and  abrogation  of  the  ecclesiastical  constitution.  Revivals. 
Thomas  Tileston.  A  new  chapel.  The  Sunday-School  comes  in. 
Political  meetings  in  the  sanctuary.  Election  day.  Anecdotes  of 
Drs.  Strong  and  Flint.  Dr.  Hawes.  The  Universalists  attempt  to 
get  control  of  Second  Church,  but  do  not  succeed.  Dr.  Flint's  let- 
ters. Dr.  Flint's  Death.  Dr.  Bacon's  description  of  him.  Political 
agitations  and  revolutions.  Downfall  of  the  standing  order.  New 
manners,  customs,  dress,  etc.  Literary  revival.  Culture  of  music. 
A  new  era. 


Contents  9 

CHAPTER   VII.     1S24-1S60 

Dr.  Joel  Harvey  Linsley,  Rev.  Cornelius  C.  Vanars- 
dalen,  Rev.  Drs.  Oliver  Ellsworth  Daggett,  and 
Walter  Clarke 196 

Some  account  of  each  of  these  men,  in  their  order,  and  of  their 
settlement.  The  North  Church.  "  Petticoat "  influence  in  the  South 
Society,  and  things  in  a  bad  way  there.  Church  discipline.  Dr. 
Bacon's  ordination  at  New  Haven.  A  new  meeting-house  erected. 
Begun  in  1825  and  completed  in  1827.  Its  dedication.  Trouble  in 
the  Parish.  Dissatisfaction.with  the  Pastor.  Financial  embarrass- 
ment. Dr.  Linsley  retires.  Revision  of  articles  of  Faith  and 
Covenant.  Thos.  Seymour  objects.  Some  account  of  this  venera- 
ble man.  Letter  of  Dr.  Linsley.  Mr.  Vanarsdalen  settled,  but  soon 
retires,  and  Dr.  Daggett  is  ordained.  Dr.  Bushnell.  Free  Church. 
Talcott  Street  Church.  First  Roman  Catholic  Church.  Denomina- 
tional comity.  Washington  College.  The  great  revival  of  1838. 
Communion  plate.  Dr.  Daggett  withdraws.  Financial  difficulties. 
Chairman  Loomis's  exhortations  to  the  Society.  Deacon  Tileston 
again.  Dr.  Daggett's  character,  services,  death.  Various  move-  / 
ments  in  Hartford.  Dr.  Walter  Clarke  settled  as  Pastor.  Revival  ""f — 
of  interest,  and  increase  of  members.  Progress.  Sanctuary  en- 
larged. Pearl  Street  Church  formed.  D.  F.  Robinson  and  Albert 
Butler.  Seth  Terry.  A  "  female  singer  "  hired.  Discourteous  at- 
titude of  South  Church  for  many  years  towards  Dr.  Bu,shnell.  Dr. 
Clarke  retires  and  settles  in  New  York.  His  character,  services, 
and  departure.    Rev.  C.  D.  Helmer  declines  a  call. 


CHAPTER    VIII.     1S60- 
Supplementary 230 

Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parker  accepts  a  call  to  become  Pastor  and  is 
ordained.  Some  account  of  the  ordination  and  its  sequences.  Con- 
tinued probation.  A  fair  chance.  Newspaper  controversies.  Con- 
dition of  things.  Improvements.  Enrichment  of  worship.  The 
War  of  Rebellion.  Restoration  of  church  edifice.  Asylum  Hill 
Church.  Dr.  Hawes's  death.  Celebration  of  the  bi-centennial  of 
the  Second  Church.  Church  edifice  again  repaired.  Change  of 
creed.  Restoration  and  re-dedication.  Fiftieth  anniversary  of  dedi- 
cation of  House  of  Worship.  Mr.  Moody's  work  in  Hartford.  Gift 
of  Communion  Service.  Memorial  font.  Fire  in  the  Sanctuary. 
Restoration.    New  organ.    The  dear  old  Church  !     God  bless  her. 

APPENDICES 

I.     Some  of  the  Original  Papers   Relating  to  the  Controversy  in  the 
Church  in  Hartford,  1656-59. 

II.     Pastors  and  Deacons  of  the  Church,  Officers  of  the  Society,  etc. 

HI.     Catalogue  of  the  early  Members  of  the  Church,  and  the  Record  of 
Baptisms,  Marriages,  and  Deaths. 


PREFACE 


In  the  year  1870,  on  the  occasion  of  the  two-hundredth  an- 
niversary of  the  founding  of  the  Second  Church  in  Hartford, 
it  fell  to  me,  as  Pastor  of  the  Church,  to  prepare  and  deliver 
an  Historical  Discourse.  In  that  Discourse,  I  attempted  to 
give  an  account  of  the  long  and  memorable  contention  in 
the  First  Church  of  Hartford,  which  finally  resulted  in 
the  establishment  of  the  Second  Church. 

Important  papers  relating  to  that  controversy  and  written 
by  various  parties  concerned  therein,  but  chiefly  represent- 
ing the  minority  side  of  it,  discovered  by  Dr.  Palfrey  among 
the  Lansdowne  manuscripts  in  the  British  Museum,  were 
then  in  press  as  a  part  of  the  second  volume  of  the  Connec- 
ticut Historical  Society's  collections.  Of  these  twenty-two 
autograph  manuscripts,  among  which  are  exceedingly  im- 
portant letters  by  Davenport  of  New  Haven  and  Higginson 
of  Guilford,  Dr.  Palfrey  seems  to  have  made  no  account  or 
use  in  writing  of  the  Hartford  controversy,  in  his  excellent 
History  of  New  England,  although  a  study  of  them  would 
have  saved  him  from  falling  into  several  serious  errors. 
Previous  writers  on  this  subject  were  in  ignorance  of  these 
papers.  It  was  my  privilege  to  examine  the  reprint  of  these 
documents  by  the  Connecticut  Historical  Society,  and  to 
publish  them  in  an  appendix  to  my  Discourse,  About  that 
time,  a  manuscript  was  discovered  in  Hartford,  containing  a 
list  of  persons  admitted  to  the  Second  Church,  and  also  a  list 
of  children  baptized  in  said  church,  from  the  beginning  of  its 
history  (1670)  until  the  year  1731.  This  document  revealed 
facts  utterly  irreconcilable  with  certain  statements  made  in 
Trumbull's  History  of  Connecticut,  with  respect  to  the 
practice  of  the  Half-way  Covenant  in  Hartford,  and  also 
discrediting  sundry  representations  of  Palfrey  and  others 
concerning  the  questions  at  issue  in  the  original  controversy 


1 2  Preface 

there.  But,  although  the  new  facts  suppHed  by  these  several 
documents  enabled  me  to  give  a  correcter  account  of  the  old 
contention  than  had  yet  appeared,  several  errors  marred  my 
Discourse.  Too  much  importance  was  attributed  to  the 
questions  concerning  "baptismal  rights,"  in  the  earlier  stages 
of  the  controversy,  and  other  mistakes  were  made.  In 
writing  this  history  of  the  Second  Church  I  desire  to  correct 
such  errors,  and  to  make  a  completer  narrative  of  that 
struggle  for  existence.  The  seventh  chapter  of  Dr.  Geo. 
L.  Walker's  History  of  the  First  Church  in  Hartford  dis- 
cusses the  old  controversy  in  an  impartial  way,  and,  as  I 
shall  frequently  refer  to  his  work,  I  hereby  acknowledge  my 
indebtedness  to  his  able  and  candid  narrative. 

In  an  appendix  may  be  found  copies  of  some  of  the  more 
important  papers  relating  to  the  controversy  in  the  Hartford 
Church  (1656-59),  transcribed  from  the  second  volume  of  the 
Connecticut  Historical  Society's  collections. 

The  valuable  catalogues  of  early  members  of  the  church 

and   of    persons    baptized,    together   with    such   records   of 

marriages   and   deaths   as    are    contained   in   the    registers, 

printed  in  an   appendix,    were  prepared   for   this   work   by 

Mr.    John    E.    Morris,    clerk    of    the    Second    Ecclesiastical 

Society  of  Hartford. 

Edwin  P.  Parker. 


CHAPTER    I 

THE   vSTRUGGLE    FOR   EXISTENCE 

The  Historian  of  the  First  Church  in  Hartford,  in  search- 
ing out  the  antecedents  of  its  founders  and  tracing  their 
movements  hitherward,  finds  himself  transported  among 
scenes  and  events  of  much  more  than  local  importance.  He 
explores  ancient  cities  and  towns,  both  of  England  and  Hol- 
land. He  visits  venerable  churches  and  imiversities.  He 
mingles  with  scholars  and  divines  whose  conscientious  parts 
in  the  Puritan  contest  marked  them  for  persecution,  and 
stamped  their  voluntary  exile  with  the  seal  of  heroism.  He 
witnesses  the  gathering  of  the  church  at  Newtown,  follows 
its  pilgrimage  to  the  valley  of  the  Connecticut,  and  watches 
its  wise  endeavors  to  lay  the  foundations  of  a  free  common- 
wealth in  this  wilderness.  The  materials  for  a  fascinating 
introduction  to  his  work  are  abundant.  The  Second  Church 
in  Hartford  rejoices  with  grateful  pride  that  the  almost 
romantic  story  of  her  mother's  early  fortunes  has  been  so 
diligently  composed  and  graphically  related  as  to  render  all 
further  efforts  in  that  direction  superfluous.' 

The  history  of  the  Second  Church  begins  in  far  different 
scenes  and  conditions,  and  the  materials  for  it  are  compara- 
tively meagre  and  poor.  Our  starting  point  is  a  straggling 
hamlet  in  the  Connecticut  wilderness,  where  the  grave  has 
already  closed  over  the  great  man  who  had  led  his  flock 
hither  and  founded  here  a  church  and  commonwealth.  No 
men  survived  him  who  were  strong  and  wise  enough  to 
carry  on  his  work  in  peace.  The  survivors  of  Thomas 
Hooker  were  good,  plain  people,  whose  struggle  for  exist- 
ence amid  hard  conditions  was  severe  and  incessant.      Their 

"^  Histoty  of  the  First  Church  in  Hartford,  by  Dr.  George  Leon  Walker. 


14  History  of  the  Church 

manifold  privations  and  discomforts  were  not  wholly  favor- 
able to  either  social  or  spiritual  culture.  In  the  absence  of 
a  wise  and  dominant  leader  in  the  church,  their  narrow 
limitations  and  considerable  isolation  tended  to  awaken  and 
foster  among  them  the  same  spirit  of  discord,  the  same 
personal  and  partisan  prejudices  and  jealousies  which 
flourished  in  too  many  of  the  colonial  towns  of  that  period, 
dominated,  as  they  all  were,  by  strong  but  narrow  ecclesi- 
astical authorities.  The  origin  of  this  church  is  traceable, 
moreover,  to  an  obscure  and  protracted  contention  among 
brethren  who  could  neither  dwell  together  in  unity  nor 
come  to  any  terms  of  amicable  separation.  Our  chronicle, 
therefore,  can  have  nothing  romantic  about  it,  but  must  be, 
at  best,  a  simple  attempt  to  thread  the  labyrinth  of  con- 
troversies until,  daylight  reached,  the  peaceable  course  of 
the  church's  life  may  be  quietly  surveyed. 

The  Second  Church  in  Hartford  was  organized  on  the 
i2th  of  February  (O.  S.),  1669,  or  (N.  S.),  on  the  22d  of 
February,  1670.  Its  founders  were  very  respectable  men 
and  women  who,  with  their  children,  had  withdrawn  from 
the  First  Church  in  Hartford.  The  reasons  for  their  with- 
drawal and  establishment  in  a  distinct  estate  are  to  be 
found,  as  has  been  said,  in  certain  dissensions  that  for  many 
years  had  profoundly  agitated  the  First  Church.  For  eleven 
years  the  Hartford  Church  flourished  in  harmony  and  peace 
under  the  able  and  judicious  ministry  of  Thomas  Hooker. 
In  the  year  1647,  Mr.  Hooker  died,  tmiversally  lamented, 
and  Mr.  Samuel  Stone,  a  native  of  Hertford,  England,  was 
left  alone  in  the  ministry  of  the  church. 

Within  the  decade  after  Mr.  Hooker's  death,  a  contro- 
versy occurred  in  the  church  which  soon  became  a  conten- 
tion. This  contention,  as  it  continued,  became  greatly  com- 
plicated and  exceedingly  virulent,  and  drew  in  its  train 
councils  and  synods  and  courts.  For  many  years  Mr.  Stone 
and  a  majority  of  the  church  formed  one  party  in  the  con- 
tention,   while    the   other    party   comprised    a    strong    and 


The  Struggle  for  Existeiiee  15 

respectable  minority  striving-  in  vain  for  a  peaceable  dismis- 
sion from  the  church  in  which  they  conceived  themselves  to 
be  imjustly  treated  and  subjected  to  certain  novelties  of 
church  order  and  discipline  which  seemed  to  them  subver- 
sive of  the  good  old  Congregational  polity  in  which  the 
church  was  founded.  The  contention  grew  to  such  dimen- 
sions and  continued  with  such  vehemence  that  it  excited  the 
alarm  of  all  the  churches  of  the  neighboring  colonies. 
Councils,  synods,  and  courts  ineffectually  (and  often  un- 
wisely) strove  to  extinguish  this  "  fire  of  the  altar  "  from 
which  "  there  issued  thunderings  and  lightnings  and  earth- 
quakes through  the  colony."  '  The  controversy  was  all  the 
more  deplorable  as  springing  up  in  a  church  of  "  such  emi- 
nence for  light  and  love."  The  difficulty  of  penetrating  to 
the  original  causes  of  the  controversy  has  been  acknowl- 
edged by  all  who  have  written  about  it  from  the  outset. 
Cotton  Mather  said  that  "  the  true  original  of  the  misunder- 
standing .  .  .  has  been  rendered  almost  as  obscure  as 
the  rise  of  the  Connecticut  River,"  and  he  likened  its  sad 
consequences  to  the  annual  inundation  of  the  same  river, 
"for  it  overspread  the  whole  colony  of  Connecticut."^  A 
letter  from  eminent  ministers  in  Massachusetts  to  Captain 
John  Cullick  and  Elder  Goodwin  of  Hartford,  written  in 
1656,  speaks  of  it  as  a  fire,  "the  source  of  whose  flames  per- 
plexeth  us  day  and  night."  ^ 

It  has  been  generally  assumed  that  the  trouble  began 
in  differences  of  opinion  concerning  baptism  and  the  rights 
of  those  who  had  been  baptized  but  were  not  communicants, 
or  "  the  new  qualifications  for  baptism  and  church  member- 
ship." That  these  questions,  involving  the  right  of  baptized 
persons  who  were  not  members  of  the  church  in  full  com- 
munion, on  "owning  the  covenant,"  to  have  their  children 
baptized,  and,  perhaps,  to  share  in  the  election  of  church 
officers,  were  already  in  discussion  at  that  time,  is  unques- 
tionable.    It  is  beyond  question,  also,  that,  at  a  later  date, 

iMagnalia,  vol.  i:  436.         '•' Magnalia,  i:  394.  ^  CoJin.  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  59-63. 


1 6  History  of  the  Church 

these  questions  came  into  the  Hartford  controversy.  But  it 
is  doubtful  if  such  questions  had  much  to  do,  directly,  with 
the  earlier  stages  of  the  contention.  "  Not  one  of  the 
twenty- one  contemporaneous  documents,  of  various  author- 
ship, in  the  newly-discovered  papers  published  in  the 
Historical  Society's  collection,  speaks  of  this  matter  as  in 
anyway  an  issue  in  debate."  ^ 

Dr.  Trumbull  attributes  the  origin  of  the  controversy  to 
"a  difference  between  the  Rev.  Mr.  Stone  and  Mr.  Goodwin, 
the  Ruling-  Elder  in  the  church,  upon  some  nice  points  of 
Congregationalism."^  Elsewhere  he  speaks  of  it  as  a  differ- 
ence as  to  ''the  rights  of  the  brotherhood,"  for  which  Elder 
Goodwin  stoutly  stood  as  against  Mr.  Stone  who  stood  as 
stoutly  for  his  clerical  prerogatives.  Dr.  Leonard  Bacon 
says  that  the  controversy  involved  "  a  conflict  between 
opposite  principles  of  ecclesiastical  order."  ^  The  personal 
element  in  the  controversy  may  be  acknowledged  as  poten- 
tial and  perplexing.  Rev.  Mr.  Stone,  the  Teaching  Elder, 
and  Mr.  Goodwin,  the  Ruling  Elder  in  the  church,  with 
whose  antagonism,  according  to  all  accounts,  the  troubles 
began,  were  men  of  positive  convictions  and  of  inflexible 
firmness  in  maintaining  them. 

"  In  the  first  breaking  out  of  the  difference  between  Mr.  Stone  and 
Mr.  Goodwin,  I  did  what  lay  in  me  to  dissuade  them  from  a  council  in 
this  case,  and  rather  persuaded  to  a  more  private  and  brotherly  way  of 
healing,  before  the  church  there  was  engaged  unto  parties."* 

Rev.  Mr.  Stone  was  said  to  have  more  of  the  '■^  flint - 
stone"  than  of  the  " /^'^cZ-stone "  in  his  "management  of 
principles."  He  magnified  his  office  and  had  exalted  notions 
of  its  prerogatives.  He  had  already,  as  early  as  1650, 
written  in  favor  of  the  rights  of  children  of  church  members 
to  church  membership  "by  virtue  of  their  Father  s  Covenant,'' 
and  may  have  become,  on  that  account,  distasteful  to  many 

>  Walker's  Hist,  of  First  Church,  p.  153.    The  papers  here  referred  to  are  those 
described  in  our  preface  and  called  the  Landsdowne  Manuscripts. 

2  Hist,  of  Conn.,  i:  308.  ^  Contributions  to  Ecc.  Hist.,  p.  15. 

<Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  93.    Letter  of  John  Higginson  of  Guilford. 


TJu  Struggle  for  Existence  \  7 

in  the  church  who  clung  to  the  stricter  views  of  Mr.  Hooker. 
Elder  Goodwin  also  magnified  his  office  of  Ruling  Elder. 
He  was,  by  virtue  of  that  office,  the  natural  Moderator  at 
church  meetings.  It  was  his  duty  to  prepare  business  for 
the  action  of  the  church,  to  exercise  a  general  superintend- 
ence over  the  conduct  of  members,  to  call  and  dismiss  meet- 
ings, and,  in  the  absence  of  Pastor  and  Teacher,  to  preach. 
Although,  as  Winthrop  says,  "  a  very  reverend  and  godly 
man,"  j-et  he  was  one  who,  in  "heat  of  argument,"  could  so 
far  forget  himself  as  "to  iise  some  unreverend  speech,"  for 
which  he  was  ready  "  gravely  and  humbly  to  acknowledge 
his  fault." '  Two  such  men,  representing  conflicting  princi- 
ples of  church  order  and  discipline,  occupying,  in  the  same 
church,  offices  whose  functions  might  easily  overlap  each 
the  other,  were  not  likely  to  escape  antagonism.  But  the 
trouble  had  a  deeper  ground  than  mere  local  or  personal 
disagreements.  On  several  nice  and  important  questions  of 
Congregationalism  these  men  and  their  respective  adherents 
were  fundamentally  divided.  It  has  been  noticed  that  in 
1650  Mr.  Stone  publicly  approved  the  new  and  larger  theory 
of  baptismal  rights.  It  is  a  significant  fact  that  in  that  same 
year  he  predicted  that  the  "  churches  would  come  to  be 
broken  by  schism  and  sudden  censures  and  angry  removes 
.  .  .  prayers  against  prayers,  hearts  against  hearts, 
tears  against  tears,  tongues  against  tongues."  ^  He  was  too 
sagacious  a  man,  not  to  discern  the  signs  of  the  times,  and 
whither  the  new  Congregationalism  of  his  day  was  tending. 
He  defined  Congregationalism  as  "  a  speaking  aristocracy  in 
the  face  of  a  silent  democracy."  His  ideas  of  church 
government,  says  Trumbull,  bordered  more  on  Presbyterian- 
ism  and  less  on  independence  than  those  of  the  first  minis- 
ters of  the  country  in  general.  ^  Elder  Goodwin,  and  a 
strong  minority  in  the  church,  resisted  these  innovations 
and  the  attempts  made  to  enforce  them,  as  dangerous  alike 
to  the  purity,  peace,  and  welfare  of  the  churches.     Against 

1  Winthrop's  Journal,  i:  142.  ^  ^agnalia,  i:  436.  '  Hist.,  i:  322. 

2 


1 8  History  of  the  Church 

what  they  believed  to  be  Mr.  Stone's  un-congregational 
ideas  and  latitudinarian  tendencies,  they  stood  for  the 
"rights  of  the  brotherhood,"  and  for  the  maintenance  of 
the  principles  of  their  former  and  venerated  Pastor. 

It  is  fairly  questionable  whether  the  old  Congregational- 
ism, with  its  severe  conceptions  and  rigorous  tests  of  con- 
version, was  not  becoming  intolerable  to  many  good  men 
and  women  in  all  the  colonial  communities.  They  could 
neither  submit  to  the  hard  terms  of  church  membership,  nor 
endure  to  be,  with  their  children,  entirely  outside  the  pale  of 
the  religious  societies  which  exercised  a  powerful  domina- 
tion over  social  life,  and  for  whose  support  they  were 
obliged  to  give  of  their  substance.  But  whatever  readjust- 
ments and  enlargements  may  have  been  necessary,  it  is  now 
certain  that  neither  the  innovations  of  Mr.  Stone,  nor  the 
new  measures  that  followed  in  after  years  were  such  as  the 
changing  conditions  of  society  required,  or  such  as  ex- 
perience justified.  That  which  was  really  needed  to  remedy 
the  inadequacies  of  the  too  narrow  and  restrictive  ecclesi- 
astical system,  namely, —  a  reformation  or  reconstruction  of 
dogmatic  and  experimental  theology,  on  the  broad  lines  of 
Gospel  doctrine,  seems  not  to  have  been  in  the  least  con- 
sidered by  any  of  the  parties  at  that  time. 

But,  all  such  considerations  aside,  the  fact  to  be  regard- 
ed here  is  that  the  minority  in  the  Hartford  church,  finding 
themselves  unable  to  sanction  or  endure  the  administration 
of  its  affairs  by  Mr.  Stone,  and  failing  in  all  their  many 
efforts  to  give  or  receive  satisfaction,  eai*nestly  sought  for  a 
dismission  to  other  churches,  or  for  permission  to  form 
themselves  into  a  distinct  church.  And  when  they  were 
denied  this,  and  were  prohibited  by  the  technicalities  of 
church  discipline  and  by  the  meddlesome  authority  of  the 
General  Court  from  any  way  of  peaceable  settlement  con- 
sistent with  their  conscientious  convictions,  they  stood  aloof, 
in  formal  withdrawal  from  commvmion,  and  suffered  much 
in  that  state  of  suspense.     It  is  to  their  credit   that  they 


Tlie  Struggle  for  Existence  19 

patiently  strove  for  peaceable  separation  when  unity  and 
harmony  were  no  longer  possible.  It  is  to  the  discredit  of 
their  opponents  that  every  possible  obstacle  was  put  in  the 
way  of  their  removal,  and  that  all  expedients  were  exhaust- 
ed b}'  which  they  might  be  reduced  to  a  subjection  that  was 
unendurable  to  their  spirits. 

And  yet  it  should  be  said,  in  mitigation  of  the  action  of 
the  majority,  that  public  sentiment  in  all  the  colonial 
churches  at  that  time  was  distinctly  averse  to  the  formation 
of  new  religious  societies  in  the  towns  and  plantations. 
Boston  was  the  only  town  in  which  there  was  then  more 
than  one  church.  It  was  doubtless  true  that  the  Hartford 
church  w^ould  have  been  sorely  weakened  by  the  withdrawal 
of  so  many  members  from  its  support.  In  the  "  Complaint 
of  Nathaniel  Barding  and  others  of  the  church  against  Mr. 
Webster  and  others  of  the  Dissenting  Brethren,  presented  to 
the  General  Court,"  the  following  argument  is  made  :  — 

"  Upon  this  account  how  can  it  be  avoided  but  there  will  be  several 
churches  in  every  town  in  this  jurisdiction  ?  For  if  discontented  persons 
who  distaste  the  ways  of  God,  pretending  that  they  are  the  holy  party, 
may  separate  from  their  brethren  without  just  cause,  will  not  this  cause 
divisions  and  subdivisions  of  churches  in  several  towns  ?  In  probability 
this  will  follow  this  evil  example,  and  be  destructive  to  the  peace  of  the 
commonwealth,  and  kindle  such  a  fire  as  will  not  be  quenched  till  the 
observation  of  all  divine  observances     .     .     .     be  consumed  among  us."  ' 

It  is  the  same  argument  that  was  brought  to  bear 
against  all  manner  of  Puritan  dissent  or  separatism  in  Eng- 
land, only  a  few  years  before.  It  closes  wnth  the  same  old 
appeal  to  the  civil  authorities  to  put  down  all  separatism  by 
force.  wSo  quickly  had  these  New  England  Puritans,  and 
many  others  besides,  forgotten  the  experiences  of  their 
fathers  in  the  Old  England. 

In  what  precise  form  the  first  disagreements  publicly 
appeared  is  uncertain.  Trumbull  says,  "it  seems  that  some 
member  had  been  admitted,  or  baptism  administered,  which 

'  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  79.     One  or  more  of  the  signers  of  this  letter  afterwards^ 
joined  the  minority  party. 


20  History  of  the  Church 

Elder  Goodwin  conceived  to  be  inconsistent  with  the  rights 
of  the  brotherhood  and  the  strict  principles  of  Congregation- 
alism.' Another  writer  intimates,  and  probably  hits  the  nail 
on  the  head,  that  the  first  appearance  of  disturbance  was  on 
the  occasion  of  the  call  of  a  minister  to  take  Mr.  Hooker's 
place,  when  it  was,  perhaps,  proposed  to  give  baptized  non- 
communicants  the  privilege  of  voting  in  the  election  of  a 
minister. 

"  Some  of  the  inhabitants,  holding  more  strictly  to  the  former  princi- 
ples of  discipline,  could  not  well  bear  it  that  any,  in  whose  real  piety  they 
were  not  satisfied  (as  not  being  confirmed  members  in  the  church),  should 
partake  of  any  higher  privileges,  civil  or  ecclesiastical,  than  formerly  be- 
longed to  non-members." 

''And  not  long  after,  there  arose  another  difference  in  that  colony, 
which  was  occasioned  through  the  endeavors  of  some  of  their  ministers 
for  enlarging  of  baptism,  and  extending  the  right  of  membership  to 
children  before  their  admission  into  full  communion."^ 

This  statement  of  the  case  is  probably  correct  in  both  its 
parts,  and  gives  to  the  matter  its  true  perspective.  Passing 
over,  for  the  present,  the  second  part  of  it,  let  us  notice  some 
facts  which  tally  with  the  first  part. 

In  1649,  Mr.  Jonathan  Mitchell,  then  a  divinity  student, 
and  afterwards  the  shining  light  of  the  church  in  Cambridge, 
preached  in  Hartford,  and  was  invited  to  becoine  its  pastor. 
He  declined  the  invitation.  About  the  year  1653,  Michael 
Wigglesworth,  then  twenty-three  years  of  age,  spent  some 
time  in  Hartford,  and  preached.  He  had  preached  there  be- 
fore, and  evidently  some  endeavors  of  Mr.  Stone  had  brought 
him  before  the  church  as  a  candidate  for  the  pastorship. 
The  question  came  up  whether  or  no  the  members  of  the 
church  should  exercise  the  liberty  of  voting  for  or  against 
Mr.  Wigglesworth,  after  his  trial.  Capt.  Cullick,  a  man  of 
much  reputation  and  influence,  and  Mr.  Stone  had  a  warm 
discussion.  Capt.  Cullick  thought  there  should  be  some  ex- 
pression by  the  brethren,  "  that  we  either  do  like  and  approve 
of  him,  or  not.     We  have  had  a  trial,  and  it  is  not  meet  that 

1  Hist.,  vol.  i:  310.  "  Hubbard's  Hist,  of  N.  E.,  pp.  315,  316,  352. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  21 

we  should  let  him  go  away,  and  never  say  what  our  further 
desires  are  of  him."  For  some  reasons  Mr.  Stone  did  not 
wish  any  such  expression  of  opinion  by  the  brethren.'  More 
than  that,  he  interfered  to  prevent  what  he  did  not  desire. 
In  a  paper  drawn  up  in  1657,  Mr.  Stone  distinctly  acknowl- 
edges that  he  had  "  hindered  the  church  from  declaring  their 
apprehensions  by  vote  concerning  Mr.  Wigglesworth's  fitness 
for  ofBce  in  the  church  of  Hartford."  In  the  same  paper  he 
also  acknowledges  that  the  brethren  had  the  right  or  liberty 
to  do  just  what  he  had  hindered  them  from  doing,  and  like- 
wise admits  that  he  ought  to  have  left  the  church  to  their 
liberty  in  voting.^ 

Mr.  Stone  was  charged  with  infringement  of  the  rights 
of  the  brotherhood.  In  two  church  meetings  the  matter  was 
debated,  and  though  the  majority  acquitted  their  teacher,  yet 
the  accusation  was  renewed.  Then  followed  Mr.  Stone's 
resignation.  "  He  would  lay  down  his  place  and  office-power: 
he  should  not  act  as  an  ofhcer  any  more  among  them;  his 
work  was  done  in  this  place." 

Several  of  the  church  lamenting  their  sad  condition  as 
being  thus  deprived  of  a  minister,  he  replied,  that  if  the 
brethren  desired,  while  he  tarried  with  them,  and  as  he  was 
able,  he  would  speak  to  them  on  Sabbath  days,  "  as  a 
brother."  ^  This  resignation  of  Mr.  Stone,  evidently  offered 
in  a  fit  of  great  impatience  and  welcomed  by  the  minority, 
was  speedily  repented  of  and  withdrawn,  for  he  soon  ap- 
peared again  in  his  old  ofhce,  and  that  fact  was  urged  against 
him  by  the  minority.  At  the  time  of  his  resignation  he  took 
care  to  give  Elder  Goodwin  a  staggering  blow.  Acting  as 
Moderator  of  the  meeting,  although  he  had  laid  down  his 
oflfice,  he  caused  the  election  of  another,  "  disorderly  as  the 
minority  conceived,"  to  "lead  the  church  in  his  room,"  thus 
virtually  displacing  the  Ruling  Elder  from  his  office.* 

1  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  53.        2  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  71.         s  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  58-60. 

*  "  As  for  the  choice  of  a  Moderator  ...  so  far  as  I  acted  by  advising  to  it,  it 
was  the  present  exigence  of  the  church  that  led  me  thereunto."  Sam.  Stone,  Hist. 
Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  71. 


22  History  of  the  Church 

It  may  be  said  here,  parenthetically,  that  however  un- 
fortunate for  the  Hartford  Church  Michael  Wigglesworth's 
candidacy  may  have  been,  his  settlement  as  pastor  in  it 
would  have  been  still  more  unfortunate.  He  was  something- 
of  a  preacher,  something  of  a  physician,  and  fancied  himself 
a  poet.  It  was  he  who  inverses  described  the  last  judgment, 
and  represented  God  as  saying,  in  answer  to  the  pitiful  plead- 
ings of  reprobate  infants  for  mercy:  — 

"  Yet  to  compare  your  sin  with  their 
Who  Uved  a  longer  time, 
I  do  confess,  it  is  much  less, 
Though  every  sin's  a  crime." 

"  A  crime  it  is;  therefore  in  bhss 
You  may  not  hope  to  dwell; 
But  unto  you  I  shall  allow 
The  easiest  room  in  hell." 

' '  You  sinners  are ;  and  such  a  share 
As  sinners  may  expect, 
Such  you  shall  have,  for  I  do  save 
None  but  mine  own  elect." 

The  poetaster  who  could  put  such  sentiments  into  a 
tripping  meter  and  double  rhyme,  as  if  for  singing,  was  not 
the  man  to  succeed  Thomas  Hooker,  or  to  stand  in  the  list  of 
pastors  of  the  First  Church  in  Hartford.  If  the  minority  were 
responsible  for  his  defeat,  they  deserve  the  gratitude  of 
posterity. 

The  state  of  things  is  indicated  by  the  following  sen- 
tence from  HiilFs  Diary  (Boston,  1656):  — 

"Great  breach  of  love  and  union  in  the  church  at  Hartford  last 
summer,  which  continued  to  the  end  of  the  winter  now  past,  notwith- 
standing all  endeavors  there,  and  also  by  letters  from  here,  to  have 
gained  a  reconciliation." 

The  following  extract  from  a  letter  to  Mr.  Stone  and  the 
church,  signed  by  John  Webster,  John  Cullick,  William 
Goodwin,  and  Andrew  Bacon,  will  show  how  the  with- 
drawers,  as  they  may  now  be  called,  proceeded:  — 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  23 

"  For,  whereas  to  the  wounding  of  our  harts  there  grew  a  breach  in 
our  peace,  wee  propounded  our  thoughts  and  judgments  of  the  rule,  and 
attended  that  way  of  debate  which  your  selves  judged  most  according  to 
rule;  and  j^ou  expressed  your  selves  that  if  we  would  but  give  in  our 
things  in  writting,  you  looked  that  the  differences  wear  even  at  an  end; 
which,  as  we  feared,  we  have  found  a  sad  mistake.  In  our  writting  we 
presented  that  which  we  accounted  and  judged  rule  and  reason."  ' 

This  written  statement  of  their  grievances  has,  un- 
fortunately, perished,  but  from  the  same  letter  it  appears 
that  this  orderly  proceeding-  did  not  accomplish  any  recon- 
ciliation. It  was  answered  by  Mr.  Stone  and  his  party  in  a 
way  of  remonstrance,  and  their  answer  is  not  on  record. 

To  this  remonstrance  of  Mr.  Stone,  the  following  letter, 
endorsed  "June  nth  (56),"  was  written  and  sent  in  reply:  ^ 

' '  Dear  Brethren :  Wee  have  as  seriously  and  sadly  as  the  Lord  hath 
helped  us  considered  and  weighed  what  hath  beene  presented  to  us  in  the 
papers  received  from  Mr.  Stone  and  several!  brethren,  and  doe  solemnly 
profess  wee  have  laboured  with  all  our  might  according  to  our  Abilities 
and  Light,  to  receive  satisfaction  in  those  things  wee  have  presented  to 
you  for  help  in,  but  cannot  meete  with  that  in  your  answers  which  wee 
hoped  and  looked  for,  and  therefore  doe  declare  ourselves  that  our  doubts 
and  difficulties  yet  remaine  with  us,  and  in  some  of  them  they  are  rather 
increased  than  removed;  and  therefore,  to  the  great  greife  of  our  hearts, 
must  say,  that  as  the  case  now  stands  with  this  church,  wee  cannot  with- 
out sin,  till  wee  receive  other  Light,  joine  with  you  in  any  office  acts  put 
forth  by  Mr.  Stone;  for  he  hath,  as  much  as  in  him  lyes,  laide  down  his 
place,  hath  acted  since  accordingly,  and  the  church  hath  done  that  which 
wee  conceive  holds  forth  their  acceptance;  neither  has  Mr.  Stone,  in  his 
answer  to  those  questions  that  concerns  the  same,  held  forth  satisfying 
and  convincing  Light  to  us  to  the  contrary:  Wee  doe  therefore,  humbly 
desire  that  you  woi:ld  forbear  doing  that  which  will  put  us  upon  doing 
that  which  you  shall  judge  offensive,  or  otherwise  expose  us  to  tempta- 
tions to  act  with  you  doubtingly,  to  the  great  offence  of  God  and  hazard 
(if  not  wounding)  our  inward  peace,  until  we  can  have  helpe  from  an 
able  and  Indifferent  Councell  mutually  chosen,  which  wee  desire  may  bee 
indeavored  and  attended  with  as  much  speed  as  may  bee.  [If  you  .shall 
refuse  to  graunt  us  our  desire  heerein,  then  wee  desire  that  you  would 
graunt  us  our  dismission,  the  thoughts  whereof  in  manj^  respects  is  ex- 
ceeding bitter  to  us,  but  any  condition  is  better  to  us  (though  bitter)  than 
that  which  doth  expose  us  to  sin.] 

1  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2;  70.  2  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  54. 


24  History  of  the  Churck 

We  subscribe  to  all  that  is  above  written  unerost.     March  i2tb,  ^. 

George  Steele,  Nathaniel  Ward, 

Ozias  Goodwin,  Andrew  Bacon, 

Will.  Partrigg,  Andrew  Warner, 

John  Marsh,  John  White, 

Isaac  Graves,  John  Crow, 

Benjamin  Harbert,  Thomas  Standly, 

Wm.  Leawis,  John  Barnard, 

Thomas  Bunc,  Gregory  Woolterton, 

John  Webster,  John  Arnold, 

John  Cullick,  Zachary  Fild, 
Richard  Church. 

The  closing  sentence  of  this  letter  was  "crost"  with 
black  lines  in  the  original,  indicating  some  difference  of 
opinion  or  hesitation  as  to  "dismission."  The  letter  is  of 
prime  importance  as  indicating  the  gravity  of  the  situation, 
and  also  the  spirit  of  the  minority.  Considering  the  number 
of  subscribers,  their  weight  of  good  character,  and  their 
reasonable  requests,  it  is  difficult  to  understand  why  they 
should  have  been  subjected  to  such  treatment  as  was  given 
them.  John  Webster  was  at  that  time  Deputy-Governor  of 
the  Colony,  and  two  months  later  was  made  Governor. 

John  CuUick  was  a  Pequot  soldier;  Deputy,  1644,  1646, 
1647;  Magistrate  and  Secretary  of  the  Colony,  1648 — 1658; 
Commissioner  for  the  United  Colonies  for  Connecticut,  1652 
— 1654.  Andrew  Bacon  and  John  Barnard  were  Deputies. 
Wm.  Lewis,  Ozias  Goodwin,  Zachary  Fild,  Richard  Church, 
and  Nathaniel  Ward,  were  prominent  townsmen.  Of  John 
White,  Thomas  Standly,  Thomas  Bunce,  and  others,  we 
shall  have  occasion  to  say  somewhat,  in  due  time. 

On  the  1 8th  of  March  the  church  addressed  a  letter  to 
the  withdrawers,  containing  four  propositions.  This  letter  is 
lost,  but  the  following  reply  to  it,  dated  March  20th,  §g,  is  of 
importance:  — ' 

"  Deare  Brethren  :  —  Your  paper  of  the  i8th  Instant,  containing  4 
1  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  56-58. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  25 

particulars  or  propositions,  wee  have  received  and  considered,  unto  which 
(according  to  your  desire)  wee  return  this  speedy  answer: 

To  your  Preface  wee  answer,  that  in  our  last  paper  wee  doe  some- 
thing more  than  desire  a  Councell,  in  the  generall;  for  wee  desire  an  In- 
different Councell  mutually  chosen,  by  which  we  declare  ourselves  to 
meane,  that  if  you  please  to  nominate  the  Elders  of  4  or  5  churches,  wee 
shall  nominate  the  elders  of  4  or  5  other  churches,  which,  if  you  thinke 
good  to  accept,  we  shall  readily  attend. 

To  the  first  perticular  wee  answer,  that  we  deny  that  there  has 
beene  as  yet  any  Councell  agreed  upon  by  the  consent  of  the  whole 
church. 

To  the  2nd  and  3d  perticulars  wee  answer,  that  wee  doe  not  judge 
them,  or  either  of  them  alone,  to  bee  sutable  or  suffitient  nieanes,  most 
according  to  God,  to  heale  or  helpe  us  in  the  state  wee  now  stand. 

To  the  4th  perticular  wee  Answer,  that  we  conceive  there  are  suf- 
fitient reasons,  and  such  as  to  us  are  cogent,  why  we  desire  another  Coun- 
cell than  that  which  you  say  is  agreed  uppon  by  the  consent  of  the  whole 
church : 

1.  Because  of  the  weight  and  difficulty  of  severall  of  the  thinges  in 
difference,  which  every  godly  and  learned  Councell  may  not  bee  able  to 
helpe  us  in. 

2.  Because  we  have  had  none  that  have  gone  before  us  to  give  us 
Light  therein. 

3.  Because  the  more  able  the  Councell  is,  the  more  satisfaction  you 
and  we  may  have  in  the  Light  they  hold  forth  for  Conviction. 

4.  Because  our  work  is  much  increased  since  that  councell  was  in 
nomination. 

And  we  further  explain  ourselves  in  these  two  particulars  following: 
I.  Concerning  our  desires  of  a  Councell,  that  wee  might  both  attend 
the  due  weight  of  the  occasions  to  bee  considered  by  them,  and  yet  not 
overload  the  business  with  numbers,  wee  desire  that  the  members  of  the 
Councell  might  bee  within  the  compass  of  these  two  neighboring 
Colonies,  viz:  New  Haven  and  our  owne;  and  that  out  of  them,  each 
party  might  have  the  choice  of  4  or  5  churches,  and  that  you  would  name 
yours  first,  and  then  wee  shall  add  the  other  parte  of  the  forenamed  num- 
ber; or,  if  you  are  not  willing  to  nominate  first,  then,  if  you  desire  it,  wee 
are  ready  to  doe  it:  not  that  we  would  avoid  any  helpe  of  Elders  from  the 
Bay,  but  that  wee  are  not  willing  to  propound  thinges  that  may  be  ex- 
ceeding difficult  to  attaine.  This  we  desire,  as  speedily  as  may  bee  to 
bee  attended,  because  wee  camiot  attend  to  all  the  ordinances  of  Christ 
for  our  soules  nourishment  with  you,  with  a  good  conscience;  nor  see, 
in  the  present  posture  you  are  in,  that  wee  can,  in  any  way  of  Christe, 


26  History  of  the  Church 

have  the  exercise  of   discipUne  for  the   redressing   what    is    amiss    on 
either  side. 

If  you  thinke  not  fitt  to  comply  with  us  in  this  our  motion  and  desires 
of  such  a  select  Councell,  though  with  grief e  of  heart,  yet  wee  are  con- 
strained to  desire  our  dismissions  for  ourselves,  our  wives,  and  children, 
to  some  approved  Church  or  Churches  of  Christe,  which  wee  will  indeavor 
to  attaine  within  two  or  three  months,  in  some  place  or  way  which  the 
Lord  shall  shew  to  us;  " 

[The  remainder  of  this  letter  is  omitted  here,  as  unim- 
portant.] 

The  letter  is  signed,  "  Your  loving-  brethren." 

This  request  for  a  mutual  council,  so  reasonably  and 
forcibly  made,  was  granted  by  the  church,  and  the  council 
convened  in  Hartford  in  June,  1656.  It  was  composed  of 
ministers  from  the  Connecticut  churches,  with  one  or  two 
from  New  Haven  Colony.  There  are  three  distinct  contem- 
poraneous documents  which  shed  light  on  this  council  and 
its  result,  viz.:  John  Davenport's  Letter  to  the  church  at 
Wethersfield,  John  Higginson's  Letter,  and  a  letter  of  the 
Withdrawers  to  the  Hartford  church,  dated  March  13,  1657. 
These  documents,  which  we  shall  freely  quote,  may  be  found 
in  the  second  volume  of  the  Conn.  Hist.  Soc.  Collections. 

All  these  documents  agree  that,  after  thoroughly  con- 
sidering the  case,  the  council  unanimously  decided,  ist,  that 
mutual  satisfaction  should  be  given  on  both  sides,  each  to 
the  other ;  2d,  that  if  differences  should  again  break  forth,  or 
not  be  healed,  the  dissenting  brethren  should  crave  their  dis- 
mission and  the  church  should  give  it  them.  "  The  decision 
of  this  council,"  says  Dr.  Walker,  "  was  a  substantial  vindi- 
cation of  the  position  of  the  minority  as  against  the  arbitrary 
procedures  of  Mr.  Stone  and  the  church."  ' 

But  while  the  minority  fulfilled  the  injunctions  of  the 
council  and  stood  by  its  decision,  they  could  get  neither  relief 
nor  release  from  the  church.  Mr.  Stone  and  his  supporters 
utterly  disregarded  the  advice  and  result  thus  given,  as  will 
appear  from  the  testimony  of  Messrs.  Davenport  and  Hig- 
ginson.     Mr.  Stone  went  so  far  as  to  publish,  together  with 

»  Hist,  of  First  Oh.,  p.  158. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  27 

the  council's  verdict,  certain  "considerations"  of  his  own 
which  tended  to  nullify  the  result,  and  for  this  breach  of 
courtesy  and  faith  he  was  compelled,  in  due  time,  to  confess 
that  he  had  "  acted  unseasonably."  ' 

Mr.  Davenport's  letter  was  written  to  the  church  at 
Wethersfield.  That  church  had  asked  advice  of  the  church 
at  New  Haven  as  to  whether  they  might  properly  receive 
the  withdrawers  at  Hartford.  Mr.  Davenport  had,  as  he 
says,  received  from  the  members  of  the  late  council  a  com- 
plete account  of  the  state  of  things,  and  he  says  that  the 
elders  of  the  said  council  do 

"  testify  that  the  brethren  formerly  called  dissenting,  have  fully  attended 
the  determination  of  the  counsill  in  both  the  advices  left  with  them,"  and 
"  that  ]Mr.  Stone  and  the  church  at  Hartford  have  violated  the  determin- 
ation of  thiat  counsill  in  both  parts  of  their  advice,  by  their  never  giving 
the  satisfaction  prescribed  for  the  healing  of  offences,  and  now  by  their 
not  giving  the  offended  brethren  their  dismission." 

John  Higginson's  letter  is  even  more  explicit.  The  oc- 
casion of  his  writing  is  the  same  as  that  in  Mr.  Davenport's 
case.  After  showing  how  the  council  was  mutually  called, 
and  what  its  conclusions  were,  he  says  — 

"The  dissenting  brethren  have  submitted  to  the  judgment  of  the 
counsell,  in  both  parts  of  it.  They  have  given  such  satisfaction  as  they 
were  advised  to.  In  case  of  non-satisfaction  they  have  desired  their  dis- 
mission. 

Mr.  Stone  and  the  church  there  hath  not  submitted  to  the  judgment 
of  the  counsell,  in  neither  part  of  it.  They  have  not  given  satisfaction  as 
they  were  advise  1.     They  have  not  given  dismission  when  it  was  desired. 

But  instead  of  submission,  Mr.  Stone  hath  risen  up  in  way  of  oppo- 
sition to  the  counsell,  setting  up  his  owne  judgment,  in  his  owne  case, 
against  the  judgment  of  the  counsell,  .  .  .  openly  in  the  face  of  the 
countrey  publishing  a  confutation  of  the  judgment  of  the  counsell.  .  .  . 
This  opposition  to  the  counsell  by  ]\Ir.  Stone  hath  bene  the  blameable 
cause  of  the  continuance  and  increase  and  multiplying  of  those  conten- 
tions and  disorders,  ...  as  also  it  hath  given  such  a  scandalous  and 
formidable  e.xample  of  opposition  to  counsells,  and  such  a  wound  to  the 
Congregationall  way,  that  except  Mr.  Stone's  repentance  for  it  bee  as 
publickly  knowne  as  his  sinne  in  so  doing,  his  example  in  this,  and  the 
1  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  70. 


28  History  of  the  Church 

consequences  of  it,  is  like  to  have  a  destru,ctive  influence  upon  all  the 
churches  of  New  England." 

Mr.  Higginson  also  says  that  "  many  of  the  magistrates 
there,  being  interested  in  the  case,"  neglected  their  duty, 
allowed  the  sentence  of  the  council  to  be  contemned  and 
the  elders  of  the  council  to  be  discountenanced  by  a  "party 
growing  up  under  the  shaddow  of  Mr.  Stone." 

In  the  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Collections,  volume  yth  and  4th 
series,  page  530,  occurs  a  letter  from  Mr.  Davenport  to  Gov. 
Winthrop,  in  which  he  bluntly  says  that  the  messengers  sent 
to  the  former  council  at  Hartford  "suffered  grievous  ill-usage. 
Some  of  the  magistrates  there  labored  to  hinder  them,  sum- 
inoned  them  in  attendance,  and  publicly  reproved  them." 

Now  as  for  the  testimony  of  the  withdrawers,  it  is  found  in 
a  letter  addressed  to  the  church  by  Messrs.  Webster,  Good- 
win, Cullick,  and  Bacon,  urging  them  to  abide  by  the  decis- 
ion of  the  late  council. 

"  After  many  propositions  and  prayers  "  we  "  obtayned  a  Councell 
of  persons  suiting  and  answering  your  propositions  and  desires;  wherein 
how  far  we  condesended  and  denyed  ourselves  to  seek  peace,  your  selves 
know. 

"  When  this  Counsell  was  come  and  we  had  declared  our  things  to 
them,  they,  in  most  of  our  things,  concurred  with  us  and  strengthened  our 
thoughts;  wherein  they  did  not,  we  readily  attended  their  councill,  and 
there  abide.  .  .  Therefore,  deare  Bretheren,  we  doe  beseech  and  in- 
treatyou,  in  the  fear  of  the  Lord  and  for  the  sake  of  Christ,  to  yield  to 
that  councell  that  is  already  given;  either  in  the  first  part  of  it,  which 
would  be  matter  of  great  rejoicing  and  comfort  to  our  hearts,  if 
your  light  and  conscience  can  come  thereunto;  or  else  that  you  would,  in 
like  tenderness  toward  us,  graunt  us  our  dismission,  according  to  our  de- 
sire formerly  exprest." ' 

We  have  lingered  at  this  point,  because  of  its  svipreme 
importance  in  the  whole  case.  From  the  decision  of  that 
council  there  was  no  appeal,  either  in  law  or  equity.  By  that 
decision  the  minority  stood,  awaiting  justice. 

The  "  restless  endeavor  to  procure  other  elders  to  come 
up  from  the  Bay,"  supported  by  the  interference  of  the  Gen- 
eral  Court,   was  not   fruitless.     In  August,    1656,   five   dis- 

1  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  z:  68-70. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  29 

tinguished  elders  of  Massachusetts, — John  Wilson,  Richard 
Mather,  Samuel  Whiting-,  John  Sherman,  and  John  Norton, — 
wrote  to  the  leaders  of  the  withdrawing  party  in  Hartford. 
Mr.  Stone  was  then  in  Boston  and  had  been  in  conference 
with  them,  as  their  letter  shows.  They  lament  over  the 
"  wound  of  so  famous  a  sister  church,"  and  cry  out  in  fervent 
deprecation  of  the  scandal  of  an  incurable  breach  therein;  but 
the  point  of  their  communication  is  the  proposal  of  a  confer- 
ence of  all  parties  at  Boston,  or,  if  that  be  inconvenient, 
at  Hartford.  "  Mr.  Stone  will  sta}^  here  till  we  hear  from 
you.'" 

This  proposal  was  not  accepted.  A  month  later  the 
Hartford  Church  received  a  letter  from  several  Massachu- 
setts churches  exhorting  both  parties  to  mutual  forbearance, 
counseling  the  church  against  haste  in  the  way  of  discipline, 
and  warning  the  minority  of  the  sin  of  "  intempestive  seces- 
sion," and  suggesting  a  "second  meeting,  consisting  of  some 
from  hence  with  some  also  of  yourselves,  the  late  reverend 
council,  with  any  others  you  shall  see  cause."  -  The  Hartford 
Church  accepted  this  suggestion  and  endeavored  to  induce 
the  withdrawers  to  accept  it  also.  The  General  Court  of  Con- 
necticut seconded  the  suggestion,  and  desired  the  members 
of  the  former  council  of  1656  to  be  invited  to  meet  the  Bay 
Elders  at  Hartford,  to  review  the  whole  case.  Governor 
Webster,  Capt.  CuUick,  and  Mr.  Steele  opposed  this  move- 
ment in  the  court,  appealing  to  the  decision  of  the  previous 
council  which  Mr.  Stone  had  disregarded,  and  also  objecting 
to  legislative  interference  in  the  case.  ^  The  withdrawers  sent 
a  letter  to  Mr.  Stone  and  the  church,  in  which  they  declined 
the  suggestion  of  a  new  council. 

They  reviewed  their  steps  from  the  beginning  of  the 
troubles,  showing  that  they  had  "  attended  that  way  of  de- 
bate which  yourselves  judged  most  according  to  rule";  had 
put  their  grievances  in  writing,  according  to  request,  and  yet 
without  redress;  and  "after  many  propositions  and  prayers 

1  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  59-63.  2  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  64-68. 

3  Col.  Records,  vol.  i:  291. 


30  Histoj-y  of  the  Church 

had  obtained  a  council  of  persons  suiting  and  answering  your 
propositions  and  desires."  They  had  accepted  the  definitive 
judgment  of  a  mutual  council,  whereas  the  church  had  disre- 
garded it.  With  spirit  and  force  they  argued  that  this  move- 
ment was  an  attempt  to  re-open  a  closed  case  before  a  court 
composed  of  persons  "  who  may  not,  at  least  some  of  them, 
be  so  fitted  every  way  for  our  work."  As  for  the  elders  of 
the  former  council,  "we  see  not  that  your  entertainment  of 
their  counsel  hath  been  such  as  would  be  any  encouragement 
in  them  to  come  again."  They  conclude  by  entreating  the 
church  to  yield  to  "that  counsel  already  given."  ' 

The  proposed  council  was  held,  and  the  withdrawers 
were  by  some  means  persuaded  to  participate  in  its  delibera- 
tions, yet  they  never  abandoned  the  impregnable  ecclesias- 
tical position  which  the  mutual  council  of  1656  afforded  them, 
nor  did  they  ever  admit  any  force  in  later  councils  as  sup- 
planting the  authority  of  that  first  one. 

In  a  letter  to  Gov.  Eaton  and  Rev.  John  Davenport 
of  New  Haven,  Dec,  1657,  they  say:  — 

"  If  the  last  elders  and  messengers  which  were  here  with 
us,  being  those  from  the  Bay,  had  ever  been  called  or  owned  by 
us  as  a  council,  we  should  have  concluded  our  duty  and  rule 
had  been  to  have  done  as  in  yours  to  us  is  suggested;  but  that 
never  was.'' 

John  Higginson's  letter  explicitly  confirms  this  state- 
ment.    He  says  that 

"notwithstanding  Mr.  Stone's  opposition  to  the  Council  (of  1656),  and 
notwithstanding  the  different  apprehensions  of  the  Elders  of  the  Bay 
(who  were  not  called  by  both  parties  .  .  .)  yet  the  definitive  sentence 
of  the  council  stands  in  full  power,  as  it  did  at  first.  The  pacification 
(procured  by  the  Elders  of  the  Bay,  and  through  hnportunity  yielded 
unto  by  the  dissenting  brethren)  .  .  .  did  not  nullify  either  the  power 
of  the  definitive  sentence  of  the  council  or  the  duty  of  submission  there- 
unto." 

This  point  is  enlarged  upon  here  because,  afterwards, 

1  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  68-70. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  31 

Mr.  Stone  and  his  party,  who  had  utterly  disregarded  and 
contemned  the  findings  of  the  first  and  mutual  council, 
charged  the  withdrawers  with  disregarding  this  second  coun- 
cil, in  calling  which  they  had  no  part,  to  the  assembling  of 
which  they  objected,  and  which  they  finally  attended,  under 
importunity,  simply  as  a  means  of  pacification. 

In  the  spring  of  1657,  then,  John  Norton  and  the  Elders 
of  six  other  Bay  churches  set  out  for  Hartford  "  to  endeavor 
a  reconciliation  amongst  them  in  those  parts."  The  Boston 
church  observed  the  i6th  day  of  April  as  a  day  of  fasting 
and  prayer  in  their  behalf.  There  is  no  record  of  the  pro- 
ceedings or  result  of  this  assembly,  but  beyond  doubt  it  went 
over  the  whole  case.  It  is  known  that  Mr.  Stone  submitted 
certain  acknowledgments  of  errors.'  Hull's  Diary,  April  23d, 
relates,  "  we  received  letters  from  Hartford,  and  understood 
that  the  work  of  reconciliation  went  very  slowly  forward." 
Some  pacification  was  at  length  effected,  voted,  and  solemnly 
owned.  On  the  6th  of  May  Mr.  Norton  returned  to  Boston, 
bringing  word  that  "the  Lord  had  graciously  wrought  the 
church  at  Hartford  to  a  reunion  and  a  mutual  promise  to 
bury  all  former  differences  in  silence  for  the  future." " 

This  report  of  what  Mr.  Norton  is  said  to  have  said,  and 
similar  reports  from  the  party  of  Mr.  Stone,^  must  be  taken 
in  connection  with  the  facts  already  stated,  that  the  with- 
drawers never  accepted  this  council  nor  its  findings  as  in  any 
way  superseding  or  weakening  the  force  of  the  previous 
council's  decision.  This  pacification  was  evidently  super- 
ficial, for  it  was  of  brief  duration.  Mr.  Stone,  as  we  shall 
see,  soon  succeeded  in  troubling  again  the  calmed  waters, 
and  the  contention  was  renewed,  each  party  claiming  that 
the  other  had  broken  the  recent  pacification,  and  the  with- 
drawers standing  again  on  the  decision  of  the  old  council  of 
1656,  and  demanding  their  dismission,  since  their  condition 
in  the  church  was  intolerable. 

Dropping  now,  for  awhile,  this  main  thread  of  the  narra- 

1  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:71.  2  Conn.  Col.  Rec,  i :  2gc. 

3  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2  :  117. 


32  History  of  the  Church 

tive,  it  becomes  necessary  to  note  and  trace  other  movements 
in  the  churches  which  finally  entered  into  the  Hartford 
church  contention,  and  both  complicated  and  intensified  it. 

According  to  the  original  scheme  of  Congregationalism 
in  New  England,  the  proper  subjects  of  baptism  were  such 
believing  persons  as  desired  to  enter  into  full  communion  in 
the  church  and  could  satisfy  the  tests  of  admission,  and  the 
infant  children  of  church  members  in  full  standing.  They 
required  "visible  saintship  "  as  a  condition  of  church  mem- 
bership. They  constructed  rigorous  tests  of  such  saintship, 
both  theological  and  experimental.  In  due  time  these  re- 
quirements proved  to  be  exclusive  of  large  numbers  of  excel- 
lent men  and  women  in  all  the  communities.  These  "  outside 
saints  "  could  neither  come  to  the  sacraments  nor  have  their 
children  baptized,  nor  have  any  voice  or  vote  in  the  affairs 
of  the  churches  which  they  must,  nevertheless,  be  taxed  to 
support.  They  constituted  an  unchurched  multitude  in  the 
communities  where  the  church  was  the  central  and  dominant 
institution. 

It  is  not  strange  that  grievances  were  presented,  and 
relief  was  sought  from  a  condition  of  things  so  fraught  with 
injustice  and  danger.  It  is  pitiful  to  think  that  no  church 
seemed  to  be  aware  of  the  real  necessities  of  the  case, —  of 
the  need  of  returning  from  human  dogmatisms  and  devices 
to  the  simplicities  of  the  Gospel  of  Christ.  Men  began  to 
complain  that  they  were  debarred  from  all  church  privileges 
except  as  they  would  submit  to  such  ways  of  church  entrance 
and  covenant  as  their  consciences  would  not  admit.  Under 
the  stress  of  a  growing  public  sentiment,  many  ministers 
were  moved  to  adopt  and  practice  a  new  and  larger  way, 
which  finally  became  known  as  the  "  Half-way  Covenant  " 
scheme.  Persons  who  had  been  baptized  in  infancy,  on 
coming  to  mature  years,  might,  if  of  good  understanding  and 
not  scandalous,  bring  their  children  to  be  baptized,  although 
they  had  never  come  into  full  communion  in  the  church. 
These  persons  were  held  to  be,  by  virtue  of  their  own  bap- 


Tlic  Struggle  for  Existence  ^T) 

tism,  in  covenant  relations  with  God  and  the  church,  at  least, 
in  some  sense,  and  they  might  come  forward  and  "own  the 
covenant "  and  have  their  offspring  baptized,  and  yet  not  be 
full  members  or  communicants.  In  1634  John  Cotton  wrote 
to  the  Dorchester  church,  giving  an  opinion  on  the  following 
case  of  conscience  :  whether  a  grandfather,  being  a  member 
of  a  Christian  church,  might  claim  baptism  for  his  grand- 
child whose  parents  had  not  been  received  into  church  cov- 
enant. The  opinion  given  by  him,  as  that  of  his  church  also, 
was  that  the  grandfather  might  claim  that  privilege  for  his 
grandchild.' 

We  have  already  referred  to  iNIr.  Stone's  deliverance,  in 
1650,  that  "children  of  church  members  have  a  right  to 
church  membership  by  virtue  of  their  father  s  covenant."  Mr. 
Hooker  strenuously  opposed  this  view,  contending  that  only 
the  immediate  offspring  of  parents  in  full  communion  should 
receive  baptism.  The  way  of  this  new  departure  and  en- 
largement was  a  thorny  one,  and,  as  experience  demonstrated 
in  due  time,  fraught  with  manifold  evils  and  degeneracies. 
And  yet,  some  enlargement  of  rights  and  liberties  was  im- 
peratively demanded. 

The  new  departure  did  not  originate  in  Connecticut,  but. 
Connecticut  did  put  forth  the  first  official  expression  of  a, 
desire  for  some  discussion  and  settlement  of  the  new  ques- 
tions which  evidently  were  disturbing  the  churches  of  the- 
colony.    With  Mr.  wStone  advocating  the  new  measures  which ; 
Hooker  had  disapproved,  the  Hartford  church  could  but  feel 
the  effect  thereof  as  increasing  its  difficulties.      Trumbull 
says  that  "  numbers  took  this  opportunity  to  introduce  into 
the  Assembly  a  list  of  grievances,  on  account  of  their  being 
denied  their  just  rights  and  privileges  by  the  ministers  and 
churches."  '•' 

As  early  as  May,  1656,  the  General  Court  of  Connecticut 
appointed  a  committee  of  four  leading  men  to  advise  with 

1  Walker's  Hist,  of  First  Ch.,  pp.  188-190,  where  several  opinions  of  eminent  di- 
vines are  cited. 

2  Hist.,  i:  2q8. 

3 


34  History  of  the  Church 

the  elders  of  the  colony  about  "  these  things  that  are  pre- 
sented to  this  Court  as  grievances  to  several  persons  among 
us,"  and  to  ask  their  help  in  drawing  up  a  statement  to  be 
presented  to  the  General  Courts  of  the  United  Colonies/ 

This  committee  made  a  report,  embodying  twenty-one 
questions  for  discussion,  and  recommending  a  Synod  of 
elders  from  all  the  colonies  to  consider  the  matters,  Massa- 
chusetts accepted  the  proposal  and  chose  thirteen  of  her 
elders  to  meet  with  those  of  other  colonies  in  the  month 
of  June.  Plymouth  colony  gave  no  heed  to  the  matter. 
New  Haven  thoroughly  distrusted  the  movement  and 
declined  to  attend,  although  answers  to  the  twenty-one 
questions  by  John  Davenport  were  sent  to  the  Synod.  In  the 
letter  from  New  Haven  there  were  caustic  expressions 
to  the  effect  that  the  churches  were  competent  to 
settle  their  own  troubles,  and  it  was  more  than  intimated 
that  restless  spirits  were  seeking  great  alterations  both  in 
civil  government  and  church  discipline,  and  that  it  was 
proposed  to  give  the  right  to  all  church  privileges  to  mem- 
bers of  English  parishes  who  should  come  hither. 

On  the  26th  of  February,  1657,  the  Connecticut  General 
Court  appointed  four  elders,  —  Warham  of  Windsor,  Stone 
of  Hartford,  Russell  of  Wethersfield,  and  Blinman  of  New 
London,  as  representatives  of  this  colony.  This  Synod, 
composed  of  ministers  appointed  by  the  General  Courts 
of  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut,  and  in  the  least  degree 
a  congregational  assembly,  met  in  Boston,  on  the  4th  of 
June,  1657,  and  continued  in  session  for  two  weeks.  The 
result  of  its  deliberations,  drawn  up  by  Richard  Mather,  was 
published  in  England,  two  years  later,  entitled  "  A  Disputa- 
tion concerning  church  members  and  their  children,  in 
answer  to  twenty-one  questions."  ^  In  answer  to  the  tenth 
question,  the  Synod  defined  and  endorsed  the  doctrine  of 
the  Half-way  Covenant.  It  declared  that  baptized  children, 
when  they  reach  the  age  of  discretion,  though  not  yet  fit 
for  the  Lord's  Supper,  should  own  the   covenant  they  made 

1  Col.  Rec,  i:  281.  "  Hubbard's  N.  E-,  563-569. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  35 

with  their  parents  ;  that  the  church  should  call  upon  them 
to  do  this  ;  and  if  they  refuse  so  to  do,  they  are  liable  to 
church  censure  ;  that,  in  case  such  persons  are  not  scanda- 
lous in  life  and  understand  the  grounds  of  religion,  and  own 
the  covenant,  baptism  should  not  be  denied  to  their  chil- 
dren.' 

This  was  a  long  step  away  from  the  doctrine  and 
practice  of  the  fathers.  It  created  a  church  within  a  church. 
It  conferred  upon  a  large  number  of  persons  all  the  rights 
of  church-membership  except  that  of  coming  to  the  Lord's 
Supper,  on  conditions  which  implied  no  Christian  expe- 
rience. -  It  was  a  practical  return  to  the  old  "Parish-way" 
against  which  the  fathers  had  protested  and  provided. 

Resuming  now  the  main  thread  of  our  narrative,  it 
should  be  noted  that  the  Pacification  effected  in  the  Hartford 
Church  by  the  elders  from  the  Bay,  and  this  Boston  Synod, 
were  events  that  occurred  at  about  the  same  time.  The 
Pacification  was  effected  in  May,  1657,  and  the  Synod  met 
only  a  month  later,  in  June.  Mr.  Stone  went  to  Boston  to 
attend  the  Synod,  in  which  he  was  known  as  a  strenuous 
supporter  of  its  new  measures.  A  copy  of  its  answers  to 
several  questions,  bearing  his  signature,  was  presented  to  the 
General  Court  of  Connecticut  which  ordered  that  copies 
should  speedily  be  sent  to  the  several  churches  of  the  colony. 
That  this  action  tended  to  aggravate  the  difficulties  in  the 
Hartford  Church  is  iinquestionable.  The  minority,  or  the 
withdrawing  party,  were  opposed  to  the  synodical  innova- 
tions, as  were  most  of  the  Connecticut  churches.  But  mean- 
while, in  August,  and  while  still  in  Boston,  Mr.  Stone  sent  a 
letter  to  the  Hartford  Church  with  sundry  remarkable  propo- 
sitions attached  thereto,  which  effected  a  complete  breach  of 
the  Pacification  which  had  been  patched  up  three  months  be- 
fore by  the  Bay  elders,  and  set  all  things  in  more  violent 
contention  than  ever.  His  letter  referred  to  the  late  Pacifica- 
tion, described  his  love  for  the  church,  and  then  proceeded 

>  Hubbard,  pp.  566. 

"  Vide  Dr.  Bacon's  Cont.  to  Conn.  Ecc.  Hist.,  pp.  21-22. 


3^  History  of  the  Church 

to  speak  of  his  physical  infirmities,  and  his  inabih'ty  to  ad- 
minister the  difficult  matters  of  church  government  required 
at  Hartford.  It  suggested  the  propriety  of  his  retirement 
from  his  office.  Then  followed  a  series  of  propositions  to  be 
accepted  by  the  church. 

They  were  to  bind  themselves  to  submit  to  every  doc- 
trine which  he  should  propound  to  them,  grounded  on  the 
Scriptures.  They  were  to  engage  themselves  not  to  make 
any  movement  to  bring  in  any  officer  to  join  with  him  with- 
out his  consent  and  approbation.  The  church  must  promise 
him  full  liberty  to  secure  an  assistant  minister,  whom  they 
shall  receive  on  Mr.  Stone's  testimony  that  said  assistant  is 
a  fit  person  to  be  employed  in  that  place.  The  church 
would  be  expected  to  procure  some  able  physician  to  settle  in 
Hartford  before  the  next  October.^  [The  nearest  educated 
physician  was  Dr.  Rossiter  of  Guilford.] 

The  purpose  of  Mr.  Stone  in  sending  such  a  letter  to  the 
Hartford  Church  at  that  time  is  obvious.  He  wished  to  com- 
mit it  as  a  whole  to  the  above  propositions.  An  acceptance 
of  such  propositions  would  have  bound  the  minority  hand 
and  foot  and  left  them  entirely  at  the  mercy  of  Mr.  Stone. 
The  communication  was  received  with  astonishment  and  in- 
dignation. It  was  vigorously  denounced  as  a  breach  of  the 
late  Pacification,  and  the  old  quarrel  broke  out  again  fiercer 
than  ever.  Hull's  Diary  (page  183)  notes,  "The  breach  at 
Hartford  again  renewed;  God  leaving  Mr.  Stone,  their  officer, 
to  some  indiscretion,  as  to  neglect  the  church's  desire  in  the 
celebration  of  the  Lord's  Supper,  and  to  proceed  to  some  acts 
of  discipline  toward  the  formerly  dissenting  brethren."  The 
minority,  hopeless  of  procuring  dismission  again,  formally 
withdrew  from  communion  in  the  church,  and  applied  to  the 
church  in  Wethersfield  for  reception  there.  They  sent  a 
letter,  Nov.  11,  1657,  to  other  churches  in  the  colony,  inclos- 
ing their  reasons  for  separation,  and  this  letter  was  publicly 
read  in  some  of  the  churches.  There  seems  to  have  been  a 
previous  paper,  dated  the  26th  of  October,  -  and  of  the  nature 

1  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  73-77.  2  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  77-78. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  37 

of  a  remonstrance,  sent  to  the  church  at  Hartford,  which  was 
published  and  read  in  several  churches.  Nathaniel  Barding 
and  others  of  the  Hartford  Church  resented  this  action,  as 
tending-  to  the  defamation  of  Mr.  Stone  and  the  church  at 
Hartford,  and  on  4th  of  Dec,  1657,  they  presented  a  complaint 
to  the  General  Court  against  the  withdrawers,  alleging  viola- 
tion of  covenant,  breach  of  pacification,  and  untruthfulness  of 
statement,  and  asking  the  General  Court  to  interfere,  for  the 
punishment  of  such  offences  against  peace.  ^ 
The  following  paragraph  is  significant :  — 

"  At  a  Quarter  court  at  Hartford,  3''  December,  1657.  Ensigns  Tal- 
cott  and  John  Allin  maketh  complaint  contr :  Mr.  John  Russell  Jr. ,  of 
Wethersfield,  defendant,  for  reading  of  a  paper  on  the  Lord's  Day  (being 
the  29'''  of  November  last)  at  Wethersfield,  which  tended  to  the  defama- 
tion of  Mr.  Stone  and  the  church  at  Hartford,  and  also  which  they  con- 
ceive tendeth  to  the  disturbance  of  the  peace  of  the  churches  and 
commonwealth. "  ' 

With  Rev.  Mr.  Russell  at  the  bar,  stood  also  Rev.  John 
Warham  of  Windsor  and  Rev.  Roger  Newton  of  Farming- 
ton,  whose  wife  w^as  the  eldest  daughter  of  Rev.  Thomas 
Hooker.  They  stood  there  to  answer  for  the  crime  of  pub- 
licly reading  the  communication  addressed  to  the  churches 
by  the  withdrawers  who  could  get  no  other  hearing.  The 
court  spent  one  whole  day  in  hearing  the  complaint  and 
defence,  and  broke  off  without  passing  any  sentence. 

The  subscribers  to  the  obnoxious  document  went  before 
the  Governor  and  Deputy,  and,  in  the  presence  of  many  of 
their  opponents,  made  declaration  that  Mr.  Stone  would 
allow  them  no  hearing  in  the  church,  that  the  Court  would 
not  attend  them  when  they  offered  to  make  proof  upon  oath 
of  the  particulars  alleged  by  them,  and  then  earnestly  asked 
the  Governor  (Winthrop)  and  Deputy  to  take  their  sworn 
testimonies.  The  Governor  was  willing  to  grant  this,  but 
"  Mr.  Talcott,  Mr.  Lord,  and  W.  Wadsworth  did  vehemently 
presse  the  Governor  that,  if  he  took  our  testimonies  upon 
oath,  we  should  be  engaged  to  use  them  no  otherwise  but  in 
a  way  of  preparation  to  a  civil  triall  in  our  court."  ^ 

1  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  p.  79.  -  Mass.  Records.  '  Letter  to  Gov.  Eaton. 


38  History  of  the  Church 

Mr.  Stone  and  his  party  seemed  bent  on  utterly  prevent- 
ing the  withdrawers  from  making  known,  in  any  manner, 
their  reasons  for  seeking  admission  to  other  churches. 

Then  the  church  at  Wethersfield  sought  advice  from 
New  Haven  and  Guilford,  and  drew  out  the  masterly  letters 
of  Davenport  and  Higginson,  both  of  which  "support  the 
position  of  the  withdrawers  in  all  the  main  points  of  the  con- 
troversy, up  to  the  act  of  withdrawing."  ^  Both  Davenport 
and  Higginson  hesitate  a  little  as  to  whether  the  Wethers- 
field Church  is  at  liberty  to  receive  the  withdrawers,  but  evi- 
dently incline  to  justify  such  action  should  it  be  taken. 

At  a  session  of  the  General  Court,  March  11,  1657-58,  it 
was  ordered,  that 

"henceforth  no  persons  in  this  Jurisdiction  shall  in  any  way  imbody 
themselves  into  church  estate,  without  consent  of  the  General  Court  and 
the  approbation  of  the  neighbor  churches." 

The  same  Court  also  ordered, 

"  That  there  shall  be  no  ministry  or  church  administration  entertained  or 
attended  by  the  inhabitants  of  any  plantation  in  this  Colony,  distinct  and 
separate  from,  and  in  opposition  to  that  which  is  openly  and  publicly 
observed  and  dispenced  by  the  settled  and  approved  Minister  of  the 
place,  except  it  bee  by  approbation  of  the  General  Court  and  neighbor 
churches." 

The  same  Court  also  still  further  ordered, 

"  In  reference  to  the  sad  differences  that  are  broken  out  in  the  severall 
churches  of  this  Colony,  and  in  spetiall  betwixt  the  church  of  Hartford 
and  the  withdrawers  .  .  .  that  there  be  from  henceforth  an  utter 
cessation  of  all  further  prosecution,  either  on  the  church's  part  at  Hart- 
ford toward  the  withdrawers  from  them,  and  on  the  other  part,  that 
those  who  have  withdrawn  from  the  church  at  Hartford  shall  make  a  ces- 
sation in  prosecuting  their  former  propositions  to  the  church  at  Wethers- 
field or  any  other  church,  in  reference  to  their  joyning  there  in  church 
relation."  ^ 

This  summary  action  postponed  the  organization  of  the 
Second  Church  for  twelve  years.  It  left  the  withdrawers  in 
an  almost  hopeless  predicament,  and  sent  some  of  the  best 
men  in  the  town  to  Farmington  and  Hadley. 

1  Hist,  of  First  Ch.,p.  i66.  -  Col.  Rec,  i  :  311. 


TJic  Struggle  for  Existence  39 

In  the  month  of  May,  1658,  Capt.  Cullick  and  Elder 
Goodwin  petitioned  the  Mass.  General  Court,  in  behalf  of 
themselves  and  others,  for  permission  to  settle  up  the  river, 
near  Hadley.' 

The  petition  was  granted,  but  on  condition  that  they 
should  "  submit  themselves  to  a  due  and  orderly  hearing  of 
the  differences  between  themselves  and  their  brethren." 
The  way  of  these  men  was  made  hard  indeed. 

The  General  Court,  on  Aug.  18,  1658,  ordered  the  two 
parties  to  state  their  differences  or  grievances  in  writing, 
and  discuss  them  together.  Failing  to  come  to  agreement, 
they  should  each  choose  three  elders,  whose  joint  decision, 
after  a  full  hearing,  should  be  final.  If  either  party  refused 
to  choose,  the  court  would  choose  for  it. 

The  withdrawers  accepted  the  proposition,  but  the 
church  declined  it,  and  the  court,  acting  for  the  church, 
selected  Mr.  Cobbet  of  Ipswich,  Mr.  Mitchell  of  Cambridge, 
and  Mr.  Danforth  of  Roxbury.  The  secretary  of  the  court, 
Mr.  Daniel  Clark,  notified  these  reverend  gentlemen  of  their 
appointment,  and  requested  their  attendance  in  Hartford,  by 
the  17th  of  September  "to  assist  in  that  service."-  The 
withdrawers  had  chosen  Mr.  Davenport,  Mr.  Norton  of  Bos- 
ton, and  Mr.  Fitch  of  Norwich.  Questions  for  disputation 
were  drawn  up  by  Mr.  Stone,  ^  but  the  whole  endeavor  fell 
through,  as  Dr.  Trumbull  intimates,  by  fault  of  the  church.  * 
In  March,  1659,  the  General  Court  was  pleased  to  take  fur- 
ther action.  It  ordered  and  appointed  a  council  to  be  called 
by  the  court,  to  aid  in  settling  the  controversy.  The  parties 
concerned  might  send  delegates  if  they  desired.  The  secre- 
tary of  the  court  should,  in  the  name  of  the  court,  send 
letters  to  the  selected  churches,  asking  them  to  send  their 
ablest  men  to  Hartford  by  the  3d  of  June.  The  Hartford 
Church  and  the  \^'ithdrawers  should  jointly  concur  in  "bear- 
ing the  charges  of  the  former  council,  and  in  preparing  and 
providing  for  this  that  is  now  to  be  called."  ^     The  secretary 

1  Hist.  Hadle3%  312.  -  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  loi. 

3  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  104-105.  4  Hist.,  i:  321.  =  Col.  Rec,  i:  333-334- 


40  History  of  the  Church 

of  the  court  performed  his  duties,  but  in  so  doing  disclosed 
the  fact  that  "  both  parties  .  .  refuse  to  act  jointly  in  and 
about  the  way  of  calling  for  help."  '  It  is  not  to  be  wondered 
at,  that  both  parties  should  refuse  to  have  anything  to  do 
with  such  a  proceeding.  The  churches  of  Boston  and  Rox- 
bury  also  refused  to  attend  any  such  court-created  council, 
in  the  calling  of  which  neither  of  the  parties  concerned  had 
participated.  It  seemed  to  them  "little  less  than  taking  up 
an  holy  and  sacred  ordinance  of  God  in  vain."-  This  en- 
deavor fell  through,  by  the  weight  of  its  preposterous  order- 
ing. ^ 

On  the  15th  of  June,  1659,  the  General  Court,  in  no  wise 
daunted,  but  somewhat  the  wiser  for  their  pains,  secured 
the  cooperation  of  the  church  and  the  withdrawers  in  calling 
a  council,  unto  whose  decisive  power,  "  the  withdrawn  party 
is  required  to  submit,"  the  church  "fully  engaging"  to  do  so.* 
This  language  is  significant. 

The  withdrawers  had  little  spirit  left  for  controversy, 
and  evidently  submitted  to  this  measure  because  there  was 
nothing  else  left  to  them.  They  said:  "The  council  now 
chosen,  and  by  the  church  and  court  sent,  we,  in  respect  of 
our  free  choice,  are  not  at  all  interested  in."  They  did  not 
"freely  engage"  to  submit  to  the  proposed  council,  but 
"were  required"  to  do  so  by  the  court.  They  merely  con- 
sented to  the  inevitable.  Already,  a  month  earlier,  they  and 
their  friends  had  met  at  Goodman  Ward's  house  in  Hartford, 
and  signed  an  engagement  to  remove  themselves  and  their 
families  into  Massachusetts.  ^  The  council  met,  not  in  Hart- 
ford, but  in  Boston,  on  the  26th  of  Sept.,  1659,  and  w^as  com- 
posed of  elders  of  the  churches  of  Boston,  Cambridge,  Dor- 
chester, Roxbury,  Dedham,  Charlestown,  Sudbury,  Ipswich, 
and  Watertown. 

The  following  extract  from  Hull's  Diary,  Sept.  26th,  ex- 
plains the  situation:  — 

1  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  105.  2  Hist.  Coll.,  vol.  2:  108,  log. 

3  Walker's  Hist,  of  First  Ch.  in  Hartford,  p.   171,  where  Trumbull's  inaccuracies 
are  convincingly  corrected. 

4  Col.  Rec,  p.  339.  5  Hist,  of  Hadley,  p.  19. 


TJic  Struggle  for  Existence  41 

"The  church  at  Hartford  and  the  dissenting  brethren  that  had 
withdrawn  from  communion  and  joined  to  another  church,  appeared 
here  in  their  representatives,  and  referred  themselves  to  a  Council  before 
chosen  by  nine  churches  and  then  set  in  Boston.  The  Council  fully  heard 
the  grievances  of  both  sides,  and  through  the  gracious  presence  of  God 
so  determined  as  was  blessed  with  a  sweet  reunion,  and  very  good 
satisfaction  unto  both  parties  ;  which  was  publicly  manifested  before 
they  departed  home." 

The  result  or  the  "sentence"  of  this  Council,  drawn  up 
by  the  "  matchless "  Mitchell  of  Cambridge,  and  dated 
October  7,  1659,  is  in  manuscript  among  the  Hutchinson 
papers,  in  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society's  Collections, 
and  is  also  to  be  found,  printed,  on  pages  11 2-1 25  of  the 
second  volume  of  the  Connecticut  Historical  Society's  Collec- 
tions, with  an  interesting  note  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Trumbull.  It  is 
unnecessary  to  present  here  any  report  of  its  distribution  of 
mild  censures,  or  of  its  findings  on  the  various  points  at 
issue.  The  most  important  portion  of  it  is  that  in  which 
the  church  is  counseled  to  give  dismission  to  such  "  as  shall 
still  desire  to  dispose  of  themselves  elsewhere." 

At  last  there  was  a  truce,  if  not  a  peace.  It  is  idle 
to  inquire  again  into  the  causes  of  the  conflict  which, 
beginning  with  "  the  first  breaking  out  of  the  difference 
betwixt  Mr.  Stone  and  Mr.  Goodwin,"  engaged  the  church 
into  parties,  and  deeply  disturbed  the  peace  of  society. 
Deeper  than  any  personal  feeling  that  "difference"  must 
have  been.  The  letters  of  the  withdrawers  show  that  they 
were  constrained  by  higher  motives,  and  by  conscientious 
convictions.  Mr.  Stone  and  Mr.  Goodwin  were  represent- 
ative men.  Their  ideas  and  principles  were  in  conflict. 
There  had  been  a  change  in  the  administration  of  affairs 
in  the  church  since  the  departure  of  Hooker,  a  change 
involving  not  only  "  nice  points  of  Congregationalism,"  but 
"  the  rights  of  the  brotherhood."  Goodwin,  Webster,  Cullick, 
and  their  followers  deplored  and  resisted  this  departure 
from  the  congregational  way.  It  was  a  matter  of  con- 
science with  them.  The  conflict  was,  as  Dr.  Bacon  has 
said,   "  between  opposite   principles  of  ecclesiastical  order." 


42  History  of  the  Church 

A  strong  minority,  composed  of  respectable  and  godly  mem- 
bers, insisted  upon  their  rights  and  liberties  in  the  church. 
Denied  these,  and  finding  themselves  unable  to  continue 
under  Mr.  Stone's  high-handed  administration  with  comfort 
or  even  a  good  conscience,  and  failing  in  their  endeavors 
to  give  or  receive  satisfaction,  they  strove,  in  the  main 
soberly  and  wisely,  for  a  peaceable  dismission  to  other 
churches.  The  candid  historian  of  the  First  church  says 
truly,  "  on  the  whole,  respecting  the  controversy  which 
turmoiled  the  church  so  long,  the  impartial  verdict  of 
history  must  be,  that,  spite  of  many  irregularities  and 
doubtless  a  good  deal  of  ill-temper  on  both  sides,  the  gen- 
eral weight  of  right  and  justice  was  with  the  defeated  and 
emigrating  minority." ' 

But,  as  will  be  seen,  the  defeat  of  the  minority  was  but 
temporary  and  superficial.  Their  ideas  and  principles 
finally  triumphed,  not  only  in  a  separate  organization,  but 
in  the  mother-church  as  well,  and  in  the  congregational 
churches  of  the  country.  For  it  is  the  Congregationalism  of 
Thomas  Hooker,  and  not  that  of  Samuel  Stone,  that 
flourishes  in  our  own  age. 

It  has  been  noticed  that  in  the  famous  Boston  Synod 
of  June  4,  1657,  in  answer  to  the  loth  question  there 
presented  and  considered,  an  answer  was  given  involving 
the  principle  of  the  Half-way  Covenant  and  the  Parish-way. 
There  was  great  opposition  to  these  new  measures  in  the 
Connecticut  churches.  In  Massachusetts,  as  well,  there 
was  so  much  opposition  as  to  call  for  a  new  Synod,  which 
met  in  Boston,  March,  1662,  and  by  an  overwhelming 
majority  approved  and  authorized  the  reforming  principles. 
Meanwhile,  in  1660,  Mr.  John  Whiting  had  been  ordained 
as  colleague  of  Mr.  Stone  in  the  church  at  Hartford,  where, 
beneath  the  surface,  a  new  contention  was  preparing. 

On  the  20th  of  July,  1663,  Mr.  Stone  departed  this  life, 
after  "  feeding  the  flock  of  our  Lord  fourteen  years  with 
Mr.  Hooker,  and  sixteen  years  after  him."  - 

1  Hist.  First  Church,  175.  2  Magnalia,  i:  434. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  43 

In  Hartford  Old,  Stone  first  drew  infant  breath, 
In  New,  effused  his  last :  O,  there  beneath, 
His  corps  are  laid,  near  to  his  darling  brother. 
Of  whom  dead,  oft  he  sighed.  Not  such  another  ! 
Heaven  is  the  more  desirable,  said  he, 
For  Hooker,  Shepard,  Haynes'  company.' 

In  1664  Mr.  Joseph  Haynes  began  his  ministry  in  Hart- 
ford, as  the  colleague  of  Mr.  Whiting.  Both  these  young 
men  were  sons  of  distinguished  gentlemen  who  were  among 
Hartford's  early  settlers.  Mr.  Whiting  held  to  the  older  and 
stricter  principles  of  Congregationalism.  Mr.  Haynes  was  a 
"  large "  Congregationalist,  accepted  the  doctrines  of  the 
Boston  wSynods,  and  was  more  of  the  "  Presbyterian,"  or  new 
way. 

Shortly  after  Mr.  Haynes's  settlement,  a  petition  was  sent 
to  the  General  Court  of  Connecticut,  expressing  the  griev- 
ances of  many  excellent  persons,  in  that  they  are  debarred 
from  the  ordinances  of  the  church,  and  requesting  that  "  for 
the  future  no  law  in  this  corporation  inay  be  of  any  force  to 
make  us  pay  or  contribute  the  maintenance  of  any  minister 
or  officer  of  the  church  that  will  neglect  or  refuse  to  baptize 
our  children,"  etc.,  etc.  The  General  Court,  after  a  considera- 
tion of  the  matter,  commended  it  to  the  ministers  and 
churches  of  the  colony, 

"whether  it  be  not  their  duty  to  entertain  all  such  persons  who  are  of  an 
honest  and  godly  conversation,  having  a  competency  of  knowledge  in  the 
principles  of  religion,  .  .  .  and  that  they  have  their  children  baptized, 
and  that  all  the  children  of  the  church  be  accepted  and  accounted  real 
members  of  the  church,"  etc.,  etc. 

The  principles  of  the  Synod  were  to  be  urged  upon  the 
reluctant  churches,  by  the  influence,  if  not  by  the  orders,  of 
the  General  Court.  According  to  Mr.  Davenport,  most  of 
the  Connecticut  churches  were  against  the  new  way.  The 
church  in  Hartford  contained  a  strong  minority,  at  least,  who 
were  opposed  to  it.  The  two  ministers  of  the  church  antag- 
onized each  the  other  on  this  burning  question,  and  on 
a  lecture-day,  in  June,  1666,  the  smouldering  fire  broke  out 

1  Morton's  N.  B.  Mem.,  p.  303. 


44  History  of  the  Church 

in   that  church.     A   letter   from   John    Davenport   to   Gov. 
Winthrop  reveals  the  condition  ;  — 

"  The  people  grow  woefully  divided,  and  the  better  sort  are  exceed- 
ingly grieved,  while  the  looser  and  worser  party  insult,  hoping  that  it  will 
be  as  they  would  have  it,  viz,  that  the  plantations  shall  be  brought  into  a 
parish  way." 

Young  Mr.  Haynes,  when  it  was  his  turn  to  preach,  sent 
three  of  his  party  to  tell  Mr.  Whiting  that  on  the  next  Lec- 
ture-day he  would  preach  about  his  way  of  baptizing,  and 
begin  the  practicing  of  it  on  that  day.  "  Water  was  prepared 
for  baptism,  which  was  never  administered  in  a  week-day  in 
that  church  before,"  says  Davenport.  Mr.  Whiting  testified 
against  this  proceeding  and  refused  his  consent  thereto.  A 
stormy  meeting  ensued.  The  aged  Mr.  Warham,  who  was 
present  and  attempted  to  speak,  was  rudely  silenced.  The 
two  ministers  were  engaged  in  a  public  disputation  concern- 
ing the  matter,  and  the  church  divided  into  hostile  parties. 
The  General  Court  then  took  up  the  matter,  and  endeavored 
to  convene  another  Synod  to  be  composed  of  all  the  preach- 
ing elders  and  ministers  of  the  Colony,  together  with  some 
from  Massachusetts,  and  it  drew  up  a  series  of  seventeen 
questions,  covering  the  matters  in  dispute,  for  discussion. 
This  Synod  or  Assembly  convened,  but  adjourned  without 
action,  and  never  met  again.  It  was  evident  that  the 
churches  of  Connecticut  would  refuse  to  endorse  or  approve 
the  Synodical  principles,  and  measures  were  taken  to  pre- 
vent the  reassembling  of  the  synod.'' 

The  General  Court  of  May,  1668,  appointed  a  committee 
of  four  eminent  divines  "  to  consider  of  some  expedient  for 
our  peace  by  searching  out  the  rule,  and  thereby  clearing  up 
how  far  the  churches  and  people  may  walk  together  within 
themselves  and  one  with  another,  in  the  fellowship  and  order 
of  the  Gospel,  notwithstajiding  some  various  apprehensions  among 
them  in  matters  of  discipline,  respecting  baptism  and  cJiiirch  member- 
ship. ^  A  gleam  of  light  at  last !  not  unlikely  attributable  to 
the  good  sense  and  wisdom  of  Gov.  Winthrop. 

1  TrumbuU's  Hist.,  vol.  i :  482.  -  Col.  Rec,  2:  84. 


The  Struggle  for  Existence  45 

This  committee  made  their  report,  and  in  accordance 
with  its  suggestions  the  General  Court,  in  May,  1669,  de- 
clared that  while  the  Congregational  churches  should  still 
be  countenanced  and  approved  in  their  profession  and  prac- 
tice, yet,  "  to  persons  of  worth  for  prudence  and  piety 
amongst  us  who  are  otherwise  persuaded,  .  .  .  allowance 
of  their  persuasion  and  profession  in  church  ways  or  assem- 
blies should  be  given,  without  disturbance."  '  This  order  re- 
pealed the  act  of  March,  1658,  which  forbade  separate  church 
assemblies,  and  which  had  been  enacted  to  block  the  way  of 
the  with  drawers. 

The  long  looked-for  way  was  now  clearly  opened  to  the 
minority  in  the  Hartford  Church  to  organize  themselves  into 
a  distinct  church.  Without  delay  their  petition  for  permis- 
sion to  form  a  distinct  church  was  presented  by  Rev.  Mr. 
Whiting,  and  in  October  the  General  Court  acted  upon  it, 
directing  the  Hartford  Church  "to  take  some  effectual 
course  that  Mr.  Whiting  &c,  may  practice  the  Congregational 
w^ay  without  disturbance  either  from  preaching  or  practice 
diversely  to  their  just  offence,  or  else  to  grant  their  loving 
consent  to  these  brethren  to  walk  distinct  according  to  such, 
their  Congregational  principles."^ 

In  the  vote  for  this  written  order  four  magistrates  and 
fourteen  deputies  dissented.  Whether  or  no  the  church 
finally  consented  to  the  withdrawal,  does  not  appear.  But 
their  consent  was  no  longer  necessary.  On  the  22dof  Feb- 
ruary, 1670,  Rev.  John  Whiting  and  thirty-one  members  of 
the  Hartford  Church,  with  their  families,  formed  themselves 
into  a  distinct  church, —  the  Second  Church  in  Hartford. 
The  new  order  of  toleration  cut  both  ways,  for  within  a 
month  from  this  time,  the  party  in  the  church  at  Windsor 
which  dissented  from  the  strict  Congregationalism  of  old  Mr. 
Warham,  embraced  their  opportunity  to  withdraw,  and  Mr. 
Woodbridge  was  ordained  as  minister  of  the  ^^Presbyterian 
party  "  of  Windsor. 

1  Col.  Rec,  vol.  2:  107,  109.  2  Col.  Rec,  vol.  2:  120. 


CHAPTER  II 

PASTORATE  OF  REV.  JOHN  WHITING,  1670  — 1689 

The   following  account  of   the   organization  of  the  Second 
Church  has  fortunately  been  preserved  : 

"  Having  had  the  consent  and  countenance  of  the  General 
Court  and  the  advice  of  an  ecclesiastical  council  to  encourage 
us  in  embodying  as  a  church  by  ourselves,  accordingly,  upon  the 
day  of  completing  our  distinct  state,  (viz.  February  12th,  1669,) 
this  paper  was  read  before  the  messengers  of  the  churches,  and 
consented  to  by  ourselves,  viz. : 

"The  holy  providence  of  the  Most  High  so  disposing,  that  pubhc 
opposition  and  disturbance  hath  of  late  years  been  given  both  by  preach- 
ing and  practice  to  the  Congregational  way  of  church  order,  by  all  manner 
of  orderly  establishments  settled,  and  for  a  long  time  unanimously  ap- 
proved and  peaceably  practiced  in  this  place  ;  all  endeavors  also  (both 
among  ourselves  and  from  abroad)  with  due  patience  therein,  proving 
fruitless  and  unsuccessful  to  the  removing  of  that  disturbance  ;  we 
whose  names  are  after  mentioned,  being  advised  by  a  council  of  the 
neighbor  churches,  and  allowed  also  by  the  Honored  General  Court,  to 
dispose  ourselves  into  a  capacity  of  distinct  walking  in  order  to  a  peace- 
able and  edifying  enjoyment  of  all  God's  holy  ordinance  ;  we  do  declare, 
that  according  to  the  light  we  have  hitherto  received,  the  forementioned 
Congregational  way  (for  the  substance  of  it)  as  formerly  settled,  pro- 
fessed, and  practiced,  under  the  guidance  of  the  first  leaders  of  this 
church  of  Hartford,  is  the  way  of  Christ,  and  that  as  such  we  are  bound 
in  duty  carefully  to  observe  and  attend  it  until  such  further  light  (about 
any  particular  points  of  it)  shall  appear  to  us  from  the  Scripture  as  may 
lead  lis  with  joint  or  general  satisfaction  to  be  otherwise  persuaded. 
Some  main  heads  or  principles  of  which  Congregational  way  of  church 
order  are  those  that  follow,  viz. : 

"  First,  That  visible  saints  are  the  only  fit  matter,  and  confedera- 
tion the  form,  of  a  visible  church. 

"Second,  That  a  competent  number  of  visible  saints  (with  their 
seed)  embodied  by  a  particular  covenant,  are  a  true,  distinct,  and  entire 
church  of  Christ. 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  yohn   Whiting  47 

"Third,  That  such  a  particular  church  being  organized,  or  having 
furnished  itself  with  those  officers  that  Christ  hath  appointed,  hath  all 
the  power  and  privileges  of  a  church  belonging  to  it  ;  in  special —  ist,  to 
admit  or  receive  members  ;  2d,  to  deal  with,  and  if  need  be,  reject  of- 
fenders ;  3d,  to  administer  and  enjoy  all  other  ecclesiastical  ordinances 
within  itself. 

"  Fourth,  That  the  power  of  guidance  or  leading,  belongs  only  to 
the  Eldership,  and  the  power  of  judgment,  consent,  or  privilege,  belongs 
to  the  fraternity  or  brethren  in  full  communion. 

"  FiKTH,  That  communion  is  carefully  to  be  maintained  between  all 
the  churches  of  Christ,  according  to  his  order. 

"  Sixth,  That  counsel  in  cases  of  difficulty  is  to  be  sought  and  sub- 
mitted to  according  to  God. 

"  The  Covenant  read  and  consented  to  the  same  day,  was  as 
followeth ; 

"  Since  it  hath  pleased  God,  in  his  infinite  mercy,  to  manifest  him- 
self willing  to  take  unworthy  sinners  near  unto  himself,  even  into 
covenant  relation  to  and  interest  in  him,  to  become  a  God  to  them  and 
avouch  them  to  be  his  people,  and  accordingly  to  command  and  encour- 
age them  to  give  up  themselves  and  their  children  also  unto  him  : 

"  We  do  therefore  this  day,  in  the  presence  of  God,  his  holy  angels, 
and  this  assembly,  avouch  the  Lord  Jehovah,  the  true  and  living  God,  even 
God  the  Father,  the  Son,  and  the  Holy  Ghost,  to  be  our  God,  and  give 
up  ourselves  and  ours  also  unto  him,  to  be  His  subjects  and  servants, 
promising  through  grace  and  strength  from  Christ,  (without  whom  we 
can  do  nothing,)  to  walk  in  professed  subjection  to  him  as  our  only  Lord 
and  Lawgiver,  yielding  universal  obedience  to  his  blessed  will,  accord- 
ing to  what  discoveries  he  hath  made  or  hereafter  shall  make,  of  the 
same  to  us  ;  in  special,  that  we  will  seek  him  in  all  his  holy  ordinances 
according  to  the  rules  of  the  gospel,  submitting  to  his  government  in  this 
particular  church,  and  walking  together  therein  with  all  brotherly  love 
and  mutual  watchfulness,  to  the  building  up  of  one  another  in  faith  and 
love  unto  his  praise  :  all  which  we  promise  to  perform,  the  Lord  helping 
us  through  his  grace  in  Jesus  Christ." 

"  Those  that  consented  to  tlie  above  written  covenant  upon 
the  day  mentioned,  were, 

"  Brethren  in  full  communion, 

"John  Whiting,  James  Richards,  Thomas  Bull,  Robert  Webster, 
George  Grave,  sen.,  George  Stocking,  James  Ensing,  Thomas  Bunce, 
sen.,  Thomas  Watts,  James  Steele,  Joseph  Nash,  John  Cole,  Andrew 
Benton,  Benjamin  Harbert,  John  Biddall. 


48  History  of  the  Church 

"  Sisters  in  full  communion  : 

"  Frances  Stebbing,  Sibilla  Whiting,  Susannah  Bull,  Sarah  Bunce, 
Agnes   Stocking,    Margaret   Watson,    Elizabeth   Watts,    Sarah   Ensing, 

Sarah   Grave,    Margaret   Nash, Sanford,  Steele,    Hannah 

Benton,    Sarah   Biddall,    Susannah   Arnold,    Christian    Harbert,   

Whapples,  Anne  Cole. 

"  The  children  of  the  church,  or  members  not  yet  in  full  com- 
munion, that  personally  manifested  their  desire  of  joining  with 
us  in  our  distinct  estate,  and  accordingly  owned  the  covenant, 
were, 

"Nathaniel  Standly,  John  Church,  John  Marsh,  Stephen  Hosmer, 
Thomas  Bunce,  jr.,  John  Seamer,  Jacob  White,  John  Eston,  John  Day, 
Joseph  Bull,  Jonathan  Bull,  David  Bull,  John  Bunce,  John  Wilson,  Sam- 
uel Hubbard,  John  Watson,  Thomas  Halee,  Arthur  Smith,  Jonathan 
Gilbert,  John  Biddall,  Joseph  Biddall. 

"Sarah  Richards,  Susannah  Bunce,  Elisebeth  Warren,  Hannah 
Eston,  Sarah  Worthington,  Elizebeth  White,  Sarah  Merolds,  Mary 
Seamer,  Mary  McKins,  Lydia  Smith,  Ruth  Bull,  Lydia  Cole,  Hannah 
Benton,  Hannah  Smith,  Sarah  Biddall. 

This  paper  must  be  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  import- 
ant documents  pertaining  to  the  early  ecclesiastical  history 
of  New  England.  In  its  first  part,  a  statement  of  the  rea- 
sons for  withdrawal  is  given.  The  fundamental  contention, 
underlying  all  personal  differences  and  manifesting  itself  in 
various  forms,  was  concerning  "  the  Congregational  way  of 
church  order,  by  all  manner  of  orderly  establishments  set- 
tled, and  for  a  long  time  unanimously  approved  and  prac- 
ticed in  this  place."  This  Congregational  way,  "  as  formerly 
settled,  professed,  and  practised  under  the  guidance  of  the 
first  leaders  of  the  church  in  Hartford,"  was  that  which  the 
withdrawers  felt  themselves  "  bound  in  duty  carefully  to 
observe  and  attend."  This  they  could  not  do  in  the  First 
Church,  and  so,  at  length,  they  embodied  themselves  in  a 
distinct  estate. 

In  its  second  part,  the  paper  lucidly  and  vigorously  de- 
fines the  main  heads  of  original  and  sound  Congregational- 
ism, and  its  definitions  are,  perhaps,  as  complete  and  flawless 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  yohn    Whiting  49 

a  statement  of  the  distinctive  principles  of  Congregational- 
ism as  can  anywhere  be  found. 

In  its  third  part,  it  presents  a  form  of  covenant  which, 
for  its  simplicity  and  dignity  of  expression,  for  its  brevity, 
and  for  its  easy  comprehension  of  essential  things,  and  its 
exclusion  of  things  not  essential,  is  deserving  of  the  high- 
est commendation.  A  comparison  of  this  covenant  with 
many  which  came  into  use  in  our  churches  at  a  much  later 
date,  would  at  once  disclose  its  superior  literary  and  relig- 
ious merits.  In  a  note  to  page  207  of  his  History  of  the 
First  church.  Dr.  Walker  quotes  this  document,  and  raises 
the  interesting  question,  "  Can  this  be  the  original  and 
otherwise  missing  first  covenant  of  the  Hartford  Church  ? " 
And  he  adds,  "The  suggestion,  therefore,  seems  a  not  un- 
likely one  that  the  first  covenant  of  the  old  church  may  be 
preserved  through  the  new." 

The  "  children  of  the  church,  or  members  not  yet  in 
full  communion,  who  owned  the  covenant  "  on  the  day  that 
the  church  was  founded,  were  thirty-six  in  number.  Some 
of  these  were  married  people  who  soon  brought  their  chil- 
dren for  baptism.  In  1869,  the  writer  was  permitted  to 
examine  and  copy  a  dingy  little  document  which  proved 
to  be  a  fragment  of  the  early  records  of  the  Second  Church. 
It  contained  little  else  than  a  list  of  persons  admitted  to. 
the  church,  and  of  persons  baptized,  during  the  pastorates 
of  Mr.  Whiting  and  his  successor,  Mr.  Buckingham.'  An 
examination  of  this  record  disclosed  some  curious  facts, 
which,  had  they  been  known  to  those  who  have  aforetime 
written  of  this  period  of  ovir  ecclesiastical  history,  would 
have  saved  them  from  si:ndry  errors. 

The  second  child  baptized  in  this  church,  March,  1870, 
was  the  offspring  of  Lydia  Smith,  whose  name  appears  in 
the  list  of  those  who,  less  than  a  month  previous,  had 
"  owned  the  covenant,"  though  not  in  full  communion.  In 
that  same  list  are  the  names  of  John  Seamer,  John  Eston, 

1  These  lists  may  be  found,  accurately  reproduced,  in  an  appendix  to  this  book. 


^o  History  of  the  Church 

Thomas  Bimce,  Stephen  Hosmer,  and  John  Marsh.  All 
these  had  children  baptized  within  a  few  weeks  after  the 
church  was  organized.  The  half-way  covenant  was  prac- 
ticed, so  far,  in  the  Second  Church  from  the  very  first  day 
of  its  distinct  existence.  The  church  in  Windsor  had  prac- 
ticed the  same  way  still  earlier,  and  so,  probably,  had  the 
First  Church  in  Hartford.  Dr.  Trumbull's  statement,  there- 
fore (Vol.  I  :47i),  that  this  practice  was  introduced  by  Mr. 
Woodbridge,  in  the  First  Church  in  Hartford,  in  1696,  is 
incorrect.  It  may  be  difficult  to  give  any  complete  expla- 
nation of  the  fact  that  the  Second  Church,  from  the  begin- 
ning, practiced  this  way,  since  they  who  withdrew  from  the 
old  church  to  found  it,  were  avowed  representatives  of  the 
"pure  Congregational  way,  as  formerly  settled,  professed, 
and  practiced  under  the  guidance  of  the  first  leaders  of  the 
church  at  Hartford."  The  following  considerations  may, 
however,  serve  to  enlighten  the  difficulty.  Under  the  press- 
ure of  public  sentiment,  fostered  by  eminent  ministerial  au- 
thorities, and  by  the  favor  of  synods  and  courts,  the  prac- 
tice of  permitting  baptized  non-communicants  to  own  their 
covenant  relations  and  have  their  children  baptized,  had 
already  so  far  prevailed  in  and  about  Hartford  as  to  em- 
brace all  parties  in  its  usage. 

The  great  wave  of  so-called  Reformation,  set  in  mo- 
tion by  the  discussion  of  the  question  of  baptismal  rights, 
seems  to  have  swept  steadily  over  the  whole  colony,  bear- 
ino-  down  all  resistances,  and  invading  all  churches.  Public 
sentiment,  at  the  time  of  the  organization  of  the  Second 
Church,  had  made  it  impossible  for  the  new  church  to  resist 
or  even  censure  the  half-way  covenant  practice.  In  short,  al- 
though this  question  had  formerly  entered  into  the  long  con- 
troversy as  one  of  the  points  at  issue,  it  had  spent  its  force 
and  was  no  longer  an  element  of  discord  and  division,  and 
the  separation  finally  hinged  upon  Congregationalism  in 
government  and  discipline  as  against  a  Presbyterian  and 
synodical  tendency  represented  in  .the  Hartford  Church  by 
Rev.  Mr.  Haynes,  and  a  majority  of  the  members. 


Pastorate  of  Rev.   yohn    Whiting  51 

It  may  not  be  uncharitable  to  suppose  that  worldly 
considerations  may  have  had  some  weight  with  Mr.  Whit- 
ing and  his  little  flock  in  this  same  matter.  In  establish- 
ing a  distinct  church,  the  personal  and  financial  support  of 
men  like  Nathaniel  Standly,  vStephen  Hosmer,  John  INIarsh, 
John  Seamer,  John  Church,  Thomas  Bunce,  Jonathan  Bull, 
not  to  mention  other  influential  names,  was  supremely  de- 
sirable. Would  such  men,  with  their  families,  leave  a 
church  wherein  their  children  might  receive  baptism,  to 
join  with  one  wherein  no  such  privilege  could  be  enjoyed, 
since  these  men  were  not  church  members  in  full  com- 
munion ?  This  matter  of  the  financial  support  of  the 
church  was  a  serious  one  in  Hartford  at  that  time.  There 
were  one  hundred  and  seventeen  names  of  freemen  on  the 
list  of  October,  1669.  Fifty  of  these  belonged  on  the  north 
side  of  the  little  river,  and  sixty-seven  on  the  south  side. 
A  suitable  maintenance  of  two  churches,  instead  of  one,  as 
heretofore,  was  now  required.  And  as  all  persons  must 
contribute  to  the  support  of  one  of  these,  it  became  neces- 
sary, or  extremely  desirable,  to  secure  for  the  new  Society's 
support  all  those  freemen  whose  sympathies  were  naturally 
or  traditionally  with  it.  In  the  existing  state  of  things  this 
could  not  have  been  accomplished  by  adhering  to  the  prin- 
ciples of  original  Congregationalism,  so  far  as  the  ques- 
tion of  practice  of  infant  baptism  was  concerned.  But  it  is 
more  than  probable  that  public  opinion  touching  that  mat- 
ter had  so  far  changed,  that  there  was  not  even  reluctance 
to  allow  the  larger  way  in  the  new  church. 

On  the  same  day  of  its  organization,  the  church  chose 
Mr.  John  Whiting  as  their  pastor,  and  upon  his  acceptance 
he  was  "  re-ordained "  with  prayer  and  the  imposition  of 
hands  by  Rev.  Joseph  Eliot  and  Rev.  Nathaniel  Collins,  who 
was  Mrs.  Whiting's  brother.  The  other  messengers  of  the 
churches  approved  what  was  done  by  giving  the  right-hand 
of  fellowship.  Two  of  the  original  members  of  the  church, 
George  Grave  and  George  Stocking,  had  previously  been 
conspicuous  among  the  opposers  of  the  withdrawing  party. 


doPn    £Vfc4^ 


52  History  of  the  C/iurch 

As  showing  what  sort  of  people  they  were  who  thus 
formed  themselves  into  a  distinct  church  estate,  let  us  en- 
quire somewhat  concerning  some  of  them  ;  and,  in  so  doing, 
I  desire  to  acknowledge  my  indebtedness  to  the  chapter 
in  the  Memorial  History  of  Hartford  County,  on  "  The  Orig- 
inal Proprietors  "  (page  227  of  vol.  i),  by  Miss  Mary  K. 
Talcott. 

The  first  name  on  the  list  is  that  of  the  minister,  John 
Whiting,  of  whom  Cotton  Mather  said,  "  He  will  never  be 

forgotten  till  Connecticut  col- 
ony do  forget  itself  and  all 
religion."  He  was  the  second 
son  of  Major  William  Whit- 
ing, an  original  proprietor  of  Hartford,  whose  home-lot  in 
1639  was  on  the  east  side  of  Governor  Street,  a  man  of 
wealth  and  distinction,  a  magistrate  in  1637,  and  Treasurer 
of  the  colony  from  1641  to  1647. 

John  Whiting  was  born  in  1635,  and  graduated  at  Har- 
vard in  1653.  He  preached  some  time  in  Salem,  as  the 
following  entry  in  the  Salem  town  records,  under  date  of 
March  8,  1659,  shows:  "The  selectmen,  together  with  the 
deacons  and  Mr.  Gedney,  are  desired  to  treat  with  Mr. 
Whiting  to  know  his  mind  about  staying  with  us."  He  was 
settled  as  associate  with  Mr.  Stone  at  Hartford,  in  1660, 
became  pastor  of  the  Second  Church  in  1670,  and  continued 
in  that  office  until  his  death,  Sept.  8,  1689.  He  married 
vSybil,  daughter  of  Deacon  Edward  Collins  of  Cambridge, 
by  whom  he  had  seven  children.  After  her  death  in  1673, 
he  married  Phebe  Gregson  of  New  Haven,  by  whom  he 
also  had  seven  children.  The  Whiting  family,  for  many 
generations,  was  one  of  distinction  and  influence  in  this  col- 
ony. Its  honored  names  are  found  among  the  ministers, 
the  magistrates,  the  merchants,  and  the  soldiers  of  Connec- 
ticut, to  say  nothing  of  the  women  by  whom  the  ancestral 
virtues  were  illustrated  and  perpetuated. 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  John   Whiting  53 

Note  on  the    Whiting  family  : 

The  children  of  William  and  Susanna  Whiting  were, 

(i)  JFi/liani,  probably  born  in  England,  returned  to 
England  and  was  a  merchant  in  London,  where  he  died,  1699. 
The  General  Court  of  Connecticut  appointed  him,  1686,  their 
agent  to  present  their  petition  concerning  the  charter  to 
the  King.  (2)  J^ohn,  Rev.  (3)  Samuel.^  of  whom  little  or 
nothing  is  known.  (4)  Sarah,  born  about  1637  ;  married 
Jacob  Mygatt,  and  afterwards,  John  King;  died  in  1704. 
(5)  Mary,  who  died  in  1709.  (6)  Joseph,  born  Oct.  2,  1640; 
died  Oct.  19,  17 17. 

Joseph  Whiting  was  Treasurer  of  Connecticut  from  1678 
till  his  death  —  39  years.  His  son,  Col.  John  Whiting,  suc- 
ceeded his  father  in  17 17,  and  held  the  office  32  years.  This 
Col.  Whiting's  ledger,  in  which  the  first  entry  bears  date, 
*' March,  17 16-17,"  passed  to  the  youngest  surviving  son  of 
each  generation  in  direct  line  of  descent,  until  it  came  into 
the  hands  of  Andrew  Fuller  Whiting,  who  was  born  at  Avon, 
Conn.,  Feb.  17,  1844,  and  who  was  one  of  the  victims  of  the 
Park  Central  Hotel  explosion,  Hartford,  1889.  In  this  ledger 
each  successive  possessor,  with  one  exception,  had  written 
his  family  record  ;  and  in  1888,  Andrew  Fuller  Whiting  pre- 
pared and  printed  for  private  circulation,  "  Genealogical 
Notes,"  in  which  he  presented  a  partial  history  of  the  family 
in  Joseph's  line,  down  to  his  own  birth.  Mrs.  Maria  S. 
(Whiting)  Richards,  daughter  of  John  who  was  born  in 
1803,  and  a  descendant  of  the  first  Joseph,  in  the  sixth  gen- 
eration, and  also  her  son,  Francis  H.  Richards,  are  now  res- 
idents of  Hartford. 

Rev.  John  Whiting's  son,  William,  was  speaker  of  the 
General  Court,  17 14;  went  to  Maine  in  1693,  as  Captain  of 
Company;  held  rank  as  Major  in  1705;  and  in  1709,  as 
Colonel,  led  a  body  of  horse  and  infantry  into  Massachusetts, 
against  the  French  and  Indians  ;  in  17 10,  commanded  troops 
at  Port  Royal;  and  in  17 n,  led  an  expedition  against 
Canada  ;  was  sheriff  of  Hartford  county  in  1722. 


54  History  of  the  Church 

Samuel  Whiting,  another  son  of  Rev.  John,  after  study- 
ing with  his  father,  completed  his  studies  under  Rev.  James 
Fitch  of  Norwich  ;  was  first  minister  of  Windham,  Conn., 
and  fulfilled  a  most  honorable  ministry. 

Joseph  Whiting,  another  son  of  Rev.  John,  was  member 
of  the  General  Court  three  terms  ;  was  elected  to  the  Upper 
House  in  1725,  and  continued  there  for  21  years. 

yohn  Whiting,  another  son  of  Rev.  John,  was  a  merchant 
in  Hartford,  unmarried,  and  died  in  17 15. 

In  the  next  generation, 

William  Whiting,  grandson  of  Rev.  John,  was  Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel at  the  seige  of  Louisburg  and  at  Lake  George, 
where  his  son,  John,  was  killed  by  the  Indians. 

John  Whiting,  another  grandson  of  Rev.  John,  gradu- 
ated at  Yale,  1726,  was  first  a  minister,  afterwards  Probate 
Judge,  and  Colonel  of  a  regiment. 

Samuel  Whiting,  another  grandson  of  Rev.  John,  was 
Colonel  in  the  French  war,  and  served  in  the  army  of  the 
Revolution.  Four  of  his  sons  served  in  the  same  army  ; 
three,  if  not  all,  as  officers. 

Nathan  Whiting,  another  grandson  of  Rev.  John,  gradu- 
ated at  Yale,  1 743,  and  was  Colonel  in  the  French  war. 

In  the  next  generation  were  the  following  great-grand- 
sons of  Rev.  John  Whiting  ; 

yohn,  Colonel  in  the  French  war,  and  in  principal  com- 
mand of  Rhode  Island  troops  ;  died  at  New  London,  1770. 

Gamaliel,  held  commission  in  the  Revolution  from  John 
Hancock,  and  was  in  command  of  a  Company,  near  Boston, 
soon  after  the  battle  of  Lexington.  Two  or  three  of  his 
sons  served  in  the  army. 

William  Bradford  Whiting,  Colonel  in  the  Revolutionary 
army,  member  of  New  York  Senate  for  20  years,  and  Judge 
of  County  Court ;  died  at  Canaan,  N.  Y.,  in  1796. 

Ebenezer  Whiting,  an  officer  in  the  Revolutionary  army 
with  rank  of  Major  ;  died  at  Westfield,  Mass.,  1794. 

William    Whiting,    distinguished    physician    and    devout 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  yohn   Whiting  55 

patriot,  resided  in  Hartford,  and   afterwards  at  Great  Bar-, 
rington,  Mass.  ;  died  in  1792. 

yohn  Whiting,  great-great-grandson  of  Rev.  John,  was 
an  eminent  lawyer,  and  a  Major-General  in  Berkshire  county, 
Mass.  ;  died  in  1846. 


In  the  year  1675,  the  Reverend  John  Whiting  was  "  nom- 
inated and  desired  to  go  forth  with  our  army,  to  be  a  min- 
ister to  them,  to  assist  them  in  preaching,  prayer,  counsel, 
exhortation,  etc."  The  General  Court  had  already  granted 
him  "200  acres  of  land  for  a  farm."  On  May  13,  1686,  he 
preached  the  Election  Sermon  in  Hartford,  a  copy  of  which 
is  preserved  in  the  Connecticut  Historical  Society.  It  was 
entitled  "  The  Way  of  Israel's  Welfare,"  or,  "  an  exhortation 
to  be  with  God,  that  he  may  be  with  us."  In  the  course 
of  the  sermon  he  laments  a  degeneracy  from  the  former 
times  : 

"  It  was  better  everywhere,  in  family,  church,  town,  and  colony,  and 
better  everyway  ;  we  had  better  peace  and  plenty,  better  health  and 
harvests,  in  former  than  in  later  years.  It  was  better  in  spirituals,  less 
sin  ;  better  in  temporals,  less  sorrow.  The  recovery  of  first  love  and 
first  works  would  be  our  glory." 

He  addresses  the  magistrates  in  plain  words  concern- 
ing the  suppression  "  of  that  woeful  trade  of  Indian  drunk- 
enness," and  concludes  by  saying  that  "a  rain  of  right- 
ousness  and  soaking  showers  of  converting,  sanctifying 
grace  sent  from  heaven  will  do  the  business  for  us,  and 
indeed,  nothing  else." 

It  is  probable  that  Mr.  Whiting  fell  a  victim  to  the 
epidemic  sickness  that  prevailed  throughout  the  colony  in 
August  and  September  of  1689,  and  on  account  of  which 
the  General  Court  was  unable  to  assemble.  "  It  is  a  very 
sickly  time  in  most  of  our  plantations,"  wrote  Secretary 
Allen  to  Governor  Bradstreet,  Aug.  9,  1689,  "in  some,  two- 
thirds  of  our  people  are  confined  to  their  beds  or  houses 


56  History  of  the  CJiurch 

and  the  great  drought  begins  to  be  very  af- 
flictive." Also,  September  4th,  "The  sickness  is,  indeed, 
very  sore  in  most  of  our  towns."     (Col.  Rec,  vol.  4  :  i,  Note.) 

The  first  name  on  the  list  of  "  sisters  in  full  commun- 
ion "  is  that  of  Frances  Stebbings.  It  is  a  pleasant  tradition 
that  she  was  a  venerable  woman  of  such  dignity  and  godli- 
ness, such  an  esteemed  mother  in  Israel,  that  as  a  tribute  to 
her  worth,  her  name  was  given  the  place  of  honor  on  the 
roll,  above  that  of  Mrs.  Whiting.  She  was  the  aged  widow 
of  Deacon  Edward  Stebbins,  whose  home-lot  extended  from 
Meeting-House  Square  to  Front  Street, 

Ja^nes  Richards,  son  of  Thomas  of  Plymouth,  magistrate 
1664-80,  commissioner  of  united  colonies,  gave  ^^o  to  the 
Latin  School  in  Hartford.' 

Captain  Thomas  Bull  came  to  Hartford  with  Mr.  Hooker; 
home-lot  on  south  side  of  Buckingham  Street;  served  in 
Pequot  war,  1637,  master  of  vessel  at  Curagoa,  1647-8,  com- 
manded fort  at  Saybrook  in  1675;  called,  by  Winthrop,  "a 
godly  and  discreet  man."     Susanna  Bull  was  his  wife. 

yonathan  Bull,  son  of  Thomas,  married  Sarah  Whiting; 
a  brave  soldier  in  French  and  Indian  wars,  and  Captain  of 
troop  of  Hartford  County.  His  son.  Dr.  Jonathan  Bull,  was 
one  of  Hartford's  first  educated  physicians,  and  his  grandson, 
Judge  Jonathan,  was  a  distinguished  lawyer. 

Joseph  Bull,  son  of  Thomas,  from  whom  many  promi- 
nent citizens  of  the  same  name  descended. 

Captain  Thomas  Watts,  son  of  Richard,  surveyor  of  high- 
ways; led  his  company  in  the  Narragansett  fight,  and  com- 
manded forces  that  went  up  the  river  in  1677.  Elizabeth 
Watts  was  his  wife. 

Joseph  Nash,  sergeant  and  constable. 

yonathan  Gilbert,  deputy  and  marshal  of  colony. 

1  The  will  of  James  Richards,  dated  June  9,  1680,  contains  the  following  sen- 
tence :  "I  give  unto  the  church  on  the  south  side  the  rivuret  in  Hartford,  to  which  I 
now  belong,  ten  pounds  in  plate  for  the  use  of  the  Sacrament.  I  give  unto  the 
Lattin  School,  in  Hartford,  fifty  pounds.  I  give  unto  the  Reverend  Mr.  John  Whit- 
ing, my  pastor,  as  a  token  of  my  love,  fifteen  pounds." 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  John   Whiting  57 

George  Grave,  weaver,  an  original  proprietor;  home-lot 
near  Little  River,  on  the  highway  now  called  Elm  ^Street; 
a  deputy  in  1657  and  1658,  and  then  opposed  to  the  with- 
drawers;  deacon  in  1673.     Sarah  Grave  was  his  wife. 

George  Stocking,  original  proprietor ;  home-lot  not  far 
east  from  Washington  Street,  on  the  south  side  of  Bucking- 
ham ;  surveyor  of  highways  ;  died,  at  great  age,  1683.  His 
wife  was  Anna,  or  *' Agnis." 

James  Ensing  (Ensign),  original  proprietor  in  1639;  home- 
lot  on  the  south  side  of  Elm  Street;  chosen  constable  1649, 
1662.  Sarah  Ensing  was  his  wife.  In  his  will,  dated  Nov. 
23,  1670,  he  bequeathed  five  pounds  "as  a  token  of  respect 
to  my  dear  pastor,  Mr.  Whiting,"  and  "  six  pounds  towards 
the  building  of  the  new  meeting-house." 

Thomas  Bunce,  proprietor  by  courtesy  of  the  town,  1639, 
lived  near  site  of  the  present  Capitol  ;  served  in  the  Pequot 
war,  and  was  granted  no  acres  of  land  for  good  service. 
He  filled  many  offices  of  trust.  Sarah  Bunce  was  his  wife. 
The  late  Deacon  Russell  Bunce,  and  his  sons,  John  L.  and 
James  M.  Bunce,  were  descended  from  John  Bunce,  son  of 
Thomas. 

Robert  Webster,  fourth  son  of  Deputy-Governor  John 
Webster  who  lived  on  the  east  side  of  Governor  Street,  and 
was  one  of  the  original  withdrawers,  but  removed  to  Hadley. 
John,  the  eldest  son  of  this  Robert  Webster,  was  the  great- 
grandfather of  Noah  Webster,  the  lexicographer. 

James  Steele,  son  of  George  Steele  who  was  an  original 
proprietor,  and  whose  lot  extended  on  the  west  side  of 
Washington  Street,  from  Capitol  Avenue  to  Park  Street. 
James  distinguished  himself  in  arms,  as  his  father  did  before 
him  ;  was  commissary  in  King  Philip's  war,  1675,  and  was 
allowed  fifty  pounds  a  year  for  his  services.  Bethia  Steele 
was  his  wife. 

John  Biddall  (Bidwell),  proprietor  by  courtesy,  in  1640, 
and  owned  a  tan-yard  on  an  island  in  Little  River,  near  the 
pond  in  the  present  park.     Sarah  Biddall  was  his  wife. 


58  Histoj-y  of  the  Church 

Nathaniel  Sta?idly,  third  son  of  Thomas  who  came  to 
Hartford  in  1636,  and  lived  on  a  lot  extending-  north  of 
Little  River  to  the  First  Church.  He  was  constable,  ensign 
of  the  trainband,  deputy,  Judge  of  County  Court  and  Court 
of  Probate,  one  of  the  committee  of  war  for  Hartford  county, 
—  a  man  of  great  influence  and  much  wealth.  His  son,  Na- 
thaniel, was  a  man  of  distinction  and  property,  whose  son, 
William,  who  died  in  1786,  left  the  greater  part  of  his  prop- 
erty to  the  Second  Church. 

'yohn  Marsh,  one  of  the  original  proprietors,  lived  on 
Front  Street,  then  the  road  from  Little  River  to  the  north 
meadow  ;  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Governor  Webster. 

Stephen  Hosmer,  son  of  Thomas  who  came  to  Hartford 
in  1636,  and  lived  on  the  south  meadow,  near  the  south  end 
of  Governor  Street.  Stephen  was  deacon  of  Second  Church, 
1686,  and  the  late  James  B.  Hosmer  was  his  great-great- 
grandson. 

John  Seamer  (Seymour),  son  of  Richard,  was  in  Hart- 
ford as  early  as  1664,  and  was  an  active  and  influential  man. 
Governor  Horatio  Seymour  of  New  York,  Hon.  Origen  S. 
Seymour  of  Litchfield,  and  Governor  Thomas  S.  Seymour 
of  Hartford,  were  descended  from  him,  and  he  is  the  ances- 
tor of  nearly  all  of  the  name  in  this  vicinity. 

Arthur  Smith,  son  of  an  original  proprietor  who  lived 
on  Elm  Street,  and  was  severely  wounded  at  Mystic  Fort. 

John  Church,  son  of  Richard,  and  progenitor  of  those  of 
that  name  in  Hartford. 

Sergeant  Joseph  Nash,  son  of  Thomas  of  New  Haven, 
married  Margaret,  widow  of  Arthur  Smith,  Sen.,  who  was  a 
Pequot  soldier. 

yohti  Eston,  son  of  Deacon  Joseph. 

J^ohn  Day,  son  of  Robert. 

John  Wilson,  son  of  Robert,  of  Farmington. 

Benjamin  Harbert,  whose  wife,  Christian,  left  property  to 
kinsfolk  near  Banbury  in  Old  England. 

The  last  name  on  the  original  list   of  "sisters  in    full 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  yohn   WJiitiug  59 

communion,"  is  that  of  Anne  Cole.  This  woman  had  a  sad 
distinction  in  her  earlier  days,  as  a  letter  by  Mr.  Whiting-, 
dated  December,  1682,  and  addressed  to  Rev.  Increase 
Mather,  shows.  (Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  37.)  The  story 
brings  up  before  us  the  old  spectre  of  witchcraft.  In  the 
year  1662,  Anne  Cole,  then  living  in  her  father's  house,  and 
being  in  affliction  and  fear  about  her  spiritual  estate,  was 
taken  with  strange  fits,  wherein  she,  or  the  devil  making 
use  of  her  lips,  held  considerable  discourse.  Her  nearest 
neighbors  were  a  man  and  his  wife  who  afterward  suffered 
for  witchcraft.  After  a  while  her  discourse  passed  "  into  a 
Dutch  tone  "  (a  Dutch  family  then  lived  in  the  town),  to  the 
consternation  of  Mr.  Stone.  Often  her  discourse  was  ''  awful 
and  amazing  "  to  the  hearers,  among  whom  were  several  min- 
isters besides  Mr.  Whiting.  She  disturbed  prayer  meetings 
by  her  outcries  and  violent  motions.  Her  hysterical  utter- 
ances compromised  her  neighbors,  who  were  believed  to  have 
bewitched  her.  They  were  arraigned  in  court,  where  Mr. 
Haines  earnestly  inveighed  against  the  exceeding  sinfulness 
and  peril  of  such  sin.  This  unhappy,  ignorant,  old  woman, 
together  with  her  husband,  were  finally  hung,  as  having 
"entertained  familiarity  with  Satan." ^  After  the  execution 
of  some,  and  the  escape  of  others,  poor  Anne  Cole  "had 
abatement  of  her  sorrows."  She  married  Andrew  Benton  in 
good  time  ;  and,  in  the  language  of  Mr.  Whiting,  "is  joined 
to  this  church,  and  therein  been  a  humble  walker  for  many 
years." 

Here,  also,  may  be  mentioned  the  honorable  name  of 
yohn  White,  who  came  from  England  with  Elder  Goodwin, 
in  the  ship  "Lion,"  in  1632,  and  accompanied  Mr.  Hooker  to 
Hartford.  His  home-lot  was  on  the  east  side  of  Governor 
Street,  not  far  from  Little  River.  He  was  one  of  the  orig- 
inal withdrawers,  and  went  to  Hadley  with  Governor  Web- 
ster and  others,  but  he  returned  to  Hartford  in  167 1,  and 
joined  with  his  old  friends  in  the  Second  Church.     He  was 

1  Nathaniel  Greensmith  and  his  wife  Rebecca,  were  executed  Jan.  25,  1662-3. 


6o  History  of  the  CJmrch 

afterward  honored  by  receiving-  appointment  to  be  a  Ruling 
Elder  in  the  church,  as  appears  from  a  fragmentary  docu- 
ment entitled,  "  Some  acts  done  by  the  Second  Church  in 
Hartford,  after  their  settlement  in  a  distinct  state."  It  is  as 
follows : 

"  March  28,  1677,  the  church  having  before  chosen  Mr.  John  White 
to  the  office  of  RuHng  Elder,  and  he  accepted  it,  he  was  accordingly,  this 
day,  ordained  to  be  in  that  office,  in  the  presence  and  with  the  approba- 
tion of  the  elders  and  messengers  of  some  neighbor  churches.  This  holy 
man,  having  faithfully  served  the  Lord  in  his  place,  and  that  also  with 
good  success  through  grace  (he  was  a  good  man,  and  God  was  with  him), 
fell  asleep  in  Christ,  and  went  to  receive  his  reward,  January,  1683." 

There  is  one  other  brief  and  unimportant  entry,  dated 
March  24,  1685-6.  No  other  acts  of  the  church  during  Mr. 
Whiting's  ministry  have  been  preserved.  The  one  just 
quoted  has  somehow  floated  down  to  us  through  the  genera- 
tions, all  fragrant  with  its  tender  tribute  to  a  saintly  fore- 
father. 

Many  of  those  who,  at  the  founding  of  the  church, 
owned  the  covenant,  though  not  in  full  communion,  be- 
came communicants  soon  after,  among  whom  were  Nathan- 
iel Standly  and  his  wife,  John  Marsh  and  his  wife,  John 
Seamer  and  his  wife,  Thos.  Bunce,  Jun.,  and  his  wife,  Joseph 
Bull  and  his  wife,  Stephen  Hosmer,  John  Church,  and  John 
Eston.  The  names  of  nearly  seventy  persons,  who  united 
with  the  church  during  Mr.  Whiting's  service,  are  now  on 
the  church  records.  The  list  of  baptisms  during  that  period 
contains  about  three  hundred  names.  Some  of  these  should 
have  been  entered  in  the  list  of  church-membership.  Some 
of  them  are  names  of  adult  persons  who  merely  owned  the 
covenant,  and  had  their  children  baptized.  But  it  is  a  doc- 
ument of  great  historical  or  g-enealogical  value. 

In  a  charming  article  on  "  Domestic  and  Social  Life 
in  Colonial  Times,"  Mr.  Charles  Dudley  Warner  writes  as 
follows  : 

' '  We  err  if  we  think  there  was  no  fun  in  these  stalwart  young  fel- 
lows, and  sly,  pretty  lasses  of  the  Seventeenth  century    .     .     .     because 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  John   Whiting  6i 

they  were  burdened  with  such  names  as  Shadrach,  Jepthah,  Abinadab, 
Zorobabel,  Consider,  Friend,  Preserved,  Retrieved,  Yet-Once,  Thankful, 
Mindful,  Patience,  Experience,  Temperance,  Deliverance,  Desire,  Faith, 
Hope,  Love,  Charity,  Silence,  Mercy.  It  were  pretty  to  see  Yet-Once 
lead  Desire  down  a  contra-dance." 

In  this  old  list,  containing,  in  all,  the  names  of  more 
than  three  hundred  and  fifty  persons  (men,  women,  and 
children),  and  covering  a  period  from  1670  to  1731,  but  in- 
cluding- persons  born  and  baptized  thirty  years  earlier,  there 
are  four  Thankfuls,  two  Deliverances,  one  Mercy,  two  Pa- 
tiences, one  Charity,  and  one  Temperance.  The  other  names 
in  Mr.  Warner's  enumeration  are  not  found  at  all.  There 
are  a  good  many  Scriptural  names,  most  of  which  are  still 
heard  in  this  land  of  the  living;  there  are  Roman,  Greek, 
Patristic,  and  Indian  names  ;  there  is  an  occasional  Violet, 
Sybil,  Millicent,  and  even  a  Magdalene,  but  the  list  is  very 
much  such  as  one  would  surely  find  in  most  of  the  churches 
of  New  England,  belonging  only  to  the  present  century. 
The  Hartford  youth  of  the  Seventeenth  century  had  not 
much  to  complain  of  in  their  baptismal  names.  There  was 
no  lad  by  the  name  of  Yet-Once,  and  no  lass  by  the  name  of 
Desire  among  them,  and  had  there  been,  and  had  Yet-Once 
led  Desire  "  down  the  contra-dance  "  they  would  probably 
have  been  taken  in  hand  by  the  church,  if  not  by  the  officers 
of  the  court.  The  list  shows  that  there  were  goodly  fami- 
lies in  those  days.  Rev.  Mr.  Whiting  was  the  father  of 
fourteen  children.  His  son,  Lieut.  Charles  Whiting,  was 
twice  blessed  with  twins,  to  say  nothing  of  other  minor 
blessings.  Thomas  Dickinson  had  at  least  ten  children, 
and  Mr.  Nathaniel  Standly  had  eleven.  John  Cole  brought 
his  seventh  daughter  to  be  baptized,  and  several  children 
afterward.  Richard  Lord  had  nine  children,  John  Marsh 
had  ten,  and  John  Turner  had  twelve. 

George  Grave  was  probably  the  first  deacon.  Stephen 
Hosmer  filled  that  office  in  1687,  and  John  Wilson  in  1688, 

Mention  has  been  made  of  the  epidemic  sickness  which 
prevailed  in  1689,  the  year  of  Mr.  Whiting's  death.     In  a 


62  History  of  the  Church 

letter  written  by  Mr.  Whiting  to  Increase  Mather,  in  1682, 
he  mentions  the  fact  of  a  prevalent  sickness  "  grown  to  a 
great  hight,"  and  speaks  of  the  "  surprising  and  awful  stroke 
to  us,"  in  the  death  of  Mr.  Foster.  Rev.  Isaac  Foster,  suc- 
cessor to  Rev.  Mr.  Haynes  in  the  First  Church,  was  settled 
there  in  1680,  and  cut  off  in  the  second  year  of  his  ministry. 
Among  the  items  in  the  inventory  of  his  estate,  is  "  a  negro 
called  Catoe,"  apprized  at  twenty-two  pounds.  Mr.  Foster's 
successor  in  the  First  Church  was  Rev.  Timothy  Wood- 
bridge,  ordained  there  Nov.  18,  1685,  and  therefore  a  co- 
laborer  with  Mr.  Whiting  for  four  years. 

Another  letter  by  Mr.  Whiting  (October,  1683),  gives  a 
pathetic  account  of  the  sad  death  of  Rev.  Samuel  Stone,  Jr., 
a  man  of  gifts  and  culture,  and  who  preached  for  some 
while  in  Wethersfield.  He  fell  into  habits  of  intemperance, 
and  on  the  9th  of  October,  1683,  early  in  the  morning,  was 
found  dead  "  in  the  little  river  that  runs  through  the  town 
of  Hartford." 

Just  when  the  first  meeting-house  of  the  Second  Church 
was  erected  is  not  known,  but  a  letter  recently  received 
from  C.  S.  Ensign  of  Newton,  Mass.,  sheds  a  ray  of  light  on 
that  point.  Mr.  Ensign  is  a  descendant  of  James  Ensing  (or 
Ensign),  who  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  Sec- 
ond Church,  and  is  in  possession  of  his  ancestor's  will,  dated 
Nov.  23,  1670.  In  that  will  two  bequests  appear,  one  of  five 
pounds  to  "  my  dear  pastor,  Mr.  Whiting  ;  and  another  that 
reads,  "  I  give  towards  the  building  of  the  new  meeting- 
house six  pounds."  This  indicates  that  the  new  Society, 
in  the  very  year  of  its  organization,  was  engaged  in  prepar- 
ing for  a  meeting-house. 

The  location  of  the  sanctuary  has  been  ascertained  with 
some  degree  of  accuracy.  In  January,  1706  (N.  S.),  Sarah, 
the  widow  of  Major  Jonathan  Bull,  and  a  daughter  of  Mr. 
Whiting,  conveyed  to  Nathaniel  Standly,  Richard  Lord, 
Thomas  Bunce,  and  others,  a  small  parcel  of  land  "  for  the 
accommodation  of  making  some  enlargement  to  the  South 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  J^o/in    Whiting  63 

Meeting-House."  The  original  document,  most  legibly  writ- 
ten by  the  hand  of  John  Haynes,  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
has  recently  been  discovered,  and  is  in  the  writer's  posses- 
sion. It  bears  not  only  Sarah  Bull's  signature  and  seal,  but 
the  signatures  of  John  Haynes,  Major  Wm.  Whiting,  Heze- 
kiah  Willis,  and  Jonathan  Colefox. 

The  boundaries  of  Major  Bull's  home-lot  are  known, 
and  the  position  of  the  meeting-house  can  be  determined 
with  some  close  approach  to  accuracy.  It  probably  stood  in 
the  highway,  now  Main  Street,  on  the  east  side,  and  near  the 
present  residence  of  Hon.  Henry  C.  Robinson. 

The  Hon.  Henry  Barnard  speaks  of  a  schoolhouse  which 
stood  in  Main  Street,  directly  in  front  of  the  "  Linden " 
Block,  and  just  "south  of  Linden  Place,"  and  adds  :  "  Di- 
rectly south  of  the  schoolhouse  were  horse-sheds  w^hich 
had  been  erected  by  permission  of  the  town,  to  shelter  the 
horses,  whose  owners  came  from  beyond  Rocky  Hill  to  at- 
tend divine  service  of  the  Second  Church  in  the  meeting- 
house, which  stood  nearly  opposite  the  sheds,  on  the  east 
side  of  Main  Street.  This  meeting-house  was  probably  a 
square  wooden  structure  with  a  truncated  pyramidal  roof, 
similar  to  the  "  square  meeting-houses  "  which  abounded  in 
New  England  during  the  latter  part  of  the  Seventeenth 
century. 

"  Old  house   of   Puritanic   wood, 

Through   whose  unpainted  windows   streamed, 
On   seats  as  primitive  and  rude 

As  Jacob's  pillow  when  he  dreamed, — 
The  white  and  undiluted  day." 

Prominent  among  those  who  united  with  the  church 
during  Mr.  Whiting's  ministry,  were  Eliezer  Way,  Nathaniel 
Sanford,  Bartholomew  Barnard,  Mr.  John  Crow  (one  of  the 
first  settlers  on  the  east  side  of  Connecticut  River),  Greg- 
ory Woolterton,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Hosmer  and  his  wife.' 

1  The  records  of  the  Second  Church  show  that  Mr.  Thomas  Hosmer  and  his  wife 
were  received  into  said  church,  Feb.  17,  1683,  "dismissd,  the  one  from  Farmington, 
the  other  from  Northampton."     Mr.  Hosmer's  will   gave   slight  bequests  to  Rev. 


64  History  of  the  CJiurch 

The  First  Church,  as  was  natural,  continued  to  embrace 
in  its  communion  or  congregation  the  major  part  of  the 
inhabitants,  and  also  the  major  part  of  those  who  were  re- 
garded as  persons  of  distinction  and  wealth  in  the  town,  but 
the  Second  Church  was  no  Cave  of  Adullam  whither  the 
shiftless  and  discontented  resorted.  Many  of  the  best  fam- 
ilies in  the  town  were  represented  in  it,  and  what  John 
Davenport  truly  said  of  the  withdrawers,  "  they  are,  for  their 
number  and  qualities,  a  party  not  to  be  despised,"  would  be 
a  mild  and  modest  description  of  its  members  during  the 
first  twenty  years  of  their  distinct  ecclesiastical  estate. 

Deprived  of  its  beloved  and  distinguished  minister,  Mr. 
Whiting,  who  fell  asleep  in  1689,  the  church  was  without  a 
settled  minister  for  a  term  of  five  years,  and  there  is  no 
record  of  admissions  or  baptisms  during  that  interregnum. 
In  an  interleaved  almanac  of  1692,  kindly  shown  to  me  by 
the  late  George  Brinley,  Esq.,  of  Hartford,  the  Rev.  James 
Pierpont,  fourth  minister  of  New  Haven,  writes  under  date 
of  March  nth,  as  follows:  "  I  went  to  Hartford  to  transact 
with  the  new  church  about  my  brother  Benjamin's  settle- 
ment, and  returned  the  19th." 

It  would  seem  from  this  item  that  the  Rev.  Benjamin 
Pierpont  was  a  candidate  for  the  vacant  pastorate  in  1692, 
but  nothing  more  is  known  of  the  matter. 

John  Whiting  (his  pastor  here),  and  to  Rev.  Samuel  Hooker  (pastor  in  Farmington). 
The  will  was  witnessed  by  John  Wilson,  Nathaniel  Cole,  and  Ichabod  Wells,  all 
Second  Church  men. 

The  same  records  show  that  Stephen  Hosmer,  son  of  Mr.  Thomas,  was  admitted 
to  full  communion  June  i8,  1671.  His  wife,  Hannah  (daughter  of  Deacon  Francis 
Bushnell  of  Saybrook),  was  received  June  23,  1678.  Their  children  were  baptized  in 
the  Second  Church,  as  follows :  Hannah,  1670  ;  Mary,  1671 ;  Dorothy,  1674 ;  Stephen 
and  Hester  (twins),  1679;  Sarah,  1681  ;  Deborah,  1687,  at  which  time  the  father  is 
registered  "Deacon  Stephen  (H)  Osmer." 

The  statement  in  the  "  Genealogy  of  the  Hosmer  Family,"  repeated  elsewhere, 
that  Stephen  Hosmer  was  Deacon  of  the  First  Church  in  1686,  is  therefore  incredi- 
ble. He  was  in  the  Second  Church  from  its  beginning  till  his  death  in  1693.  His 
wife  was  there,  and  his  children  were  baptized  there,  and  his  son,  Thomas,  was  re- 
ceived into  full  communion  in  1725,  the  wife  of  the  latter  having  been  received 
in  1703. 


Pastorate  of  Rev.  yo/in    IV/iitiiig  65 

A  letter  of  the  Rev.  Timothy  Woodbridge  to  Mr.  Cotton 
Mather,  dated  Hartford,  April  14,  1684,  contains  the  follow- 
ing paragraph  : 

"Mr.  Whiting  and  his  relations  here  have  lately  entered  suit  for  a 
very  considerable  parcel  of  land,  formerly  belonging  to  his  father,  sold 
by  his  mother  after  his  father's  decease,  and  possessed  near  30  year 
without  any  molestation,  and  has  recovered  the  first  judgment  of  court, 
but  the  defendants  (according  to  the  custome  here)  have  entered  a  Re- 
view, so  execution  is  stopt.  It  has  jogged  all  the  attoms  of  the  whole 
ant-heap,  and  almost  everybody  seems  some  wayes  to  be  concerned 
in  it." 

In  the  "  Mather  Letters "  (Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.),  are 
several  letters  from  Mr.  Whiting.  In  one,  he  inquires  con- 
cerning Rev.  Isaac  Foster  of  Charlestown,  whether  he  is  a 
suitable  minister  for  the  Windsor  Church,  and  especially 
whether  he  is  of  the  "  declaredly  Congregational "  church 
order,  "  that  being  of  considerable  weight  to  the  settlement 
and  welfare  of  that  people,  as  well  as  the  comfort  of  their 
neighbors."  In  another,  he  relates  the  wretched  career  and 
end  of  Samuel  Stone,  son  of  Rev.  Samuel ;  and  in  another, 
tells  the  strange  story  of  Anne  Cole,  to  which  reference  has 
been  made.  But  none  of  these  letters,  except  the  latter, 
are  of  much  interest  or  importance. 


CHAPTER  III 

HARTFORD   PEOPLE   TWO    HUNDRED   YEARS  AGO 

Before  considering-  the  histor)^  of  the  Church  under  the 
administration  of  its  second  minister,  it  may  be  permitted 
to  consider,  somewhat  generally,  the  conditions  and  occu- 
pations, the  domestic,  social,  and  religious  life  of  the  com- 
munity during-  the  period  of  Mr.  Whiting's  ministry  in 
Hartford.  His  ministry  began  in  the  First  Church  in  the 
year  1660,  the  year  of  the  accession  of  Charles  II  to  the 
throne  of  England.  With  the  restoration  of  the  Monarchy 
came  great  "reactions  and  revenges,"  harsh  suppressions  of 
all  visible  forms  of  dissent,  scorn  of  all  that  savored  of  Pu- 
ritanism, corruption  of  manners,  and  lewdness  in  literature, 
but  also  a  remarkable  awakening  of  scientific  thought  and 
enquiry.  In  1662,  the  Act  of  Uniformity  was  put  in  force, 
under  which  a  great  number  of  able  and  godly  ministers 
in  England  were  expelled  from  their  livings.  The  Con- 
venticle Act  of  1664  marked  a  great  increase  of  rigor  against 
non-conformists,  and  the  Five-mile  Act  of  1665  crowned 
the  cup  of  their  calamities.  John  Milton  was  living  in  seclu- 
sion, if  not  in  peril,  painfully  preparing  for  its  appearance, 
in  1667,  the  Paradise  Lost.  John  Bunyan  was  in  Bedford 
gaol  writing  the  Pilgrim'' s  Progress,  which  was  published  in 
1670.  Ten  editions  of  it  were  published  before  Whiting's 
death  in  1689,  and  some  copies  of  it  may  have  reached  Hart- 
ford in  that  time. 

But  however  the  people  in  Connecticut  may  have  been 
affected  by  these  and  kindred  events  in  the  mother-country, 
one  act  of  his  Majesty's  Government  conferred  upon  them 
a  great  and  lasting  blessing.  In  1662,  through  the  agenc)^ 
of  Winthrop,  the  Royal  Charter  was  obtained,  uniting  New 


Hartford  People   Two  Hundred  Years  Ago  67 

Haven  with  Connecticut  in  one  colony,  whose  limits  ex- 
tended from  the  Narragansett  River  to  the  westward  bound 
of  the  continent.  It  constituted  the  colony  a  self-govern- 
ing corporation,  a  commonwealth,  and  so  liberal  were  the 
terms  of  the  charter  that  no  changes  of  it  were  recjuisite 
when  Connecticut  ceased  to  be  a  colony  of  England,  and 
became  one  of  the  United  States  of  America.' 

In  1685,  James  II  came  to  the  throne  of  England,  and 
in  the  two  years  ensuing  strenuous  efforts  were  made  to 
take  away  the  colonial  charters.  Sir  Edmund  Andros,  com- 
missioned as  Governor  of  all  New  England,  arrived  at  Hart- 
ford in  1687.  The  story  of  the  Charter  Oak  is  the  popular 
version  of  the  futile  effort  to  deprive  Connecticut  of  her 
charter.  Andros's  time  was  short,  for  the  King  was  de- 
throned in  1689.  and  Connecticut  resumed  her  self-govern- 
ment without  disturbance. 

Mr.  Whiting's  ministry  in  Hartford,  beginning  in  1660 
and  ending  in  1689,  extended  from  the  accession  of  Charles 
II  to  the  dethronement  of 'James  II. 

During  this  period  occurred  the  terrible  strife  with  the 
Indians,  known  as  King  Philip's  war,  succeeded  by  conflicts 
westward  and  northward  with  the  French  and  Indians.  The 
bloody  strife  with  the  Narragansetts  began  in  June,  1675, 
and  though  Philip  was  killed  in  the  summer  of  1676,  the 
war  was  prolonged,  here  and  there,  for  two  years  or"  more. 
It  was  a  time  of  extreme  distress  and  trial  for  Connecticut, 
and  Hartford  contributed  generously  of  men  and  money 
for  the  struggle.  By  these  severe  and  costly  conflicts  with 
the  savages,  and  by  demoralizing  communications  with  them 
in  time  of  peace,  the  colonists  were  serious!}^  affected  in 
many  ways.  Barbarism  was  the  great  danger  that  com- 
passed them  about  with  manifold  menaces  and  temptations, 
and  that  they  were  not  overcome  by  it,  but  overcame  it,  is 
due  to  their  hardihood,  courage,  discipline,  and  stern  re- 
ligious faith  and  character.  It  is  this  peculiarity  of  their 
environment  in  raw  and  perilous  conditions,  necessitating  a 

'  Bancroft's  Hist.,  vol.  2:  pp.  51-61. 


68  History  of  the  Church 

strict  and  almost  military  discipline,  which  goes  far  to  ex- 
plain their  efforts  to  regulate  all  social  and  personal  life  by 
acts  of  legislation  in  State  and  Church. 

In  the  documents  of  this  period  one  phrase  often  occurs 
that  has  in  it  a  distinct  note  of  pathos, —  "a  wilderness 
condition  "  !  Many  of  the  inhabitants  of  Hartford,  in  this 
period,  had  come  from  peaceful  hamlets  and  happy  home- 
steads, from  thriving  parishes  and  venerable  churches,  and 
from  a  social  condition  of  comparative  culture  in  England, 
to  encounter  all  the  obstacles  and  privations  involved  in 
making  homes  and  gaining  a  livelihood  and  planting  the 
institutions  of  government,  religion,  and  education  in  a 
virgin  land,  dense  with  forests  in  which  known  and  un- 
known enemies  lurked,  and  severe  in  its  summer  heats  and 
wintry  cold.  They  had  left  behind  them  all  material  luxu- 
ries, and  many  material  conveniences  and  comforts.  To 
those  born  here,  and  to  their  young  children,  this  "  wilder- 
ness condition  "  was  none  the  less  a  trying  one.  One  thinks 
with  tender  pity,  but  with  supreme  honor,  of  what  the 
women  of  Hartford,  older  and  younger,  must  have  endured 
and  suffered.  Here,  then,  on  either  side  of  the  Little  River 
which  flowed  through  the  sloping  fields,  shrinking  to  go 
far  from  the  Great  River  or  far  from  the  settlement,  for 
fear  of  savages  and  wild  beasts,  the  little  company  of  the 
Hartford  hamlet  was  gathered.  The  church  was  the  central 
institution.  The  meeting-house,  some  portion  of  which  may 
have  been  used  as  an  arsenal,  was  the  conspicuous,  though 
rude  edifice.  Near  it,  in  the  common  square,  were  other 
structures,  significant  of  the  existence  of  sinners  as  of  saints 
in  the  plantation,  —  the  jail,  the  stocks,  the  pillory,  the  whip- 
ping post.  The  burial  ground,  originally  near  this  same 
square,  had  been  transferred  to  the  spot  in  the  rear  of  the 
First  Church. 

The  home-lots  were,  for  the  most,  along  what  are  now 
Front,  Arch,  Main,  Elm,  Buckingham,  Governor,  and  Wash- 
ington streets.  How  did  they  live  ?  What  were  their 
houses  and   their  domestic   utensils   and   furniture  ?      How 


Hartford  People   Two  Hundred  Years  Ago  69 

were  they  clad,  and  whence  were  clothes  procured  ?  What 
industries  occupied  their  hands,  what  commerce  and  trade 
had  they,  and  what  books  and  means  of  intellectual  culture 
did  they  possess  ?     What  were  their  religious  usages  ? 

Some  interesting  contemporaneous  testimony,  touching 
some  of  these  questions,  is  to  be  found  in  a  series  of  answers 
given  in  1680  to  questions  forwarded  here  by  the  English 
government.' 

The  buildings  were  generally  of  wood,  though  some 
were  of  brick  and  stone,  and  many  of  "  good  strength  and 
comeliness  for  a  v/ilderness."  The  original  log-huts,  covered 
with  axe-hewn  boards  and  shingles,  had  given  way  to 
framed  houses  "two  storeys  high,"  with  large,  square  rooms 
above  and  below,  and  a  huge  chimney  in  the  center.  The 
rooms  were  low,  showing  the  beams  overhead  and  the  posts  in 
the  corners.  The  best  houses  were  doubtless  well  finished 
in  wood,  but  most  were  bare  and  cheerless,  and  along  the 
streets  were  many  inferior  and  extremely  rude  dwellings  con- 
taining few  rooms,  scant  furniture,  and  little  glazing.  The 
conveniences  for  housekeeping  were  comparatively  few  and 
rude.  A  scrutiny  of  the  inventories  of  estates  satisfies  one 
of  this.  These  inventories  are  often  extremely  particular, 
itemizing  every  article  in  each  room  of  the  house,  and  thus 
enabling  one  to  judge  correctly  of  the  furniture  in  parlor, 
hall,  chamber,  or  kitchen.  Thomas  Hooker's  house,  an  ex- 
ceptionally commodious  and  well-furnished  one,  had  a  new 
and  an  old  parlor,  chambers  above,  a  hall  with  chamber 
above,  and  a  kitchen.  The  new  parlor  was  furnished  with 
three  chairs,  two  stools,  six  cushions,  a  clock,  a  safe,  a  table, 
and  window  curtains. 

The  hall  contained  a  chest  of  drawers,  and  in  it  two 
dozen  dishes,  a  pewter  flagon,  basins,  candlestick,  and 
saucers.  The  hall  chamber  contained  a  trunk  of  linen, 
twenty  pairs  of  sheets,  eight  table  cloths,  five  doz.en  nap- 
kins, several  towels,  a  bedstead,  two  trunks,  a  chest,  and  a 
chair.      In    the   kitchen    were    brass    kettles,    pots,    chafing 

1  Col.  Rec,  3  :  296. 


yo  History  of  the  Church 

dishes,  skillets,  skimmers,  and  mortar  ;  several  iron  pans, 
kettles,  and  skillets  ;  two  spits  and  a  jack  ;  gridirons  and 
andirons  ;  a  roaster  and  a  warming-pan,  two  porringers,  and 
seven  pewter  dishes.  Stoves  were  of  course  unknown,  as 
were  carpets.  But  as  late  as  1680,  most  of  the  houses  were 
destitute  of  many  things  which  Mr.  Hooker's  dwelling  con- 
tained. Feather  beds,  bolsters,  and  pillows  were  a  neces- 
sity. Without  them  the  good  people  must  have  frozen 
while  sleeping  through  the  wintry  nights.  Window  and 
bed  curtains  were  common,  because  necessary.  There  were 
few  chairs,  and  stools,  benches,  and  settles  were  used. 

The  people  had  flaxen  sheets  and  napkins.  The  spin- 
ning wheels  were  not  idle,  and  there  was  some  coarse  cloth 
made.  Napkins  were  numerous  for  the  reason  that  table- 
forks  were  not  in  use.  There  was  earthen  and  wooden- 
ware,  there  were  pewter  pots,  plates,  porringers,  and  flag- 
ons, there  were  mixed  metal  spoons,  but  porcelain  and  sil- 
ver were  rare,  even  among  those  not  reckoned  poor.'  The 
kitchen  was  ordinarily  the  "  living "  room.  The  pewter 
plates  and  flagons  stood  in  burnished  array  on  the  dresser. 
There  was  a  shelf  one  side  of  the  chimney,  on  which  a  few 
books,  dingy  without  and  gloomy  within,  were  stored.  The 
un-neglected  Bible,  with  its  carefully  kept  family  register, 
reposed  near  at  hand.  The  high-backed  settle  stood  against 
the  wall  ready  to  be   drawn  up  before   the  fire,  when  the 

1  Through  the  courtesy  of  my  friend  and  neighbor,  Dr.  Irving  W.  Lyon,  I  have 
been  permitted  to  insert  here  a  few  notes  taken  from  the  proof -pages  of  his  admir- 
able volume,  recently  published,  on  colonial  furniture,  etc. 

The  table  dishes  of  our  early  colonial  ancestors  were  chiefly  pewter  and  wooden, 
with  some  alchemy,  earthen,  china,  glass,  and  silverware.  Tin  and  latten  dishes 
were  also  in  use,  but  rather  for  culinary  purposes. 

After  the  middle  of  the  century,  white  earthenware,  blue  and  painted  dishes  are 
not  unfrequently  met  with.  Chinaware  is  mentioned  in  the  inventories  as  early  as 
1641,  and  continues  to  reappear,  at  short  intervals,  and  in  small  amounts,  till  the 
early  part  of  the  eighteenth  century. 

The  earliest  known  mention  of  forks  is  at  Boston,  in  1669. 

Coffee  and  chocolate  are  mentioned  as  early  as  1670,  but  their  domestic  use  was 
later,  not  earlier  than  1683.  In  1712,  Richard  Lord  of  Hartford  is  credited,  in  an 
inventory,  with  two  coffee  dishes. 

The  earliest  mention  of  the  household  use  of  tea  is  in  1695.  But  it  was  not  much 
used,  even  by  the  wealthier  folk,  until  considerably  later. 


Hartford  People   Two  Hundred   Years  Ago  71 

weather   should    be    cold.     Suspended   from    the    ceiling  or 
walls  hung  dried  venison,  flitches  of  bacon,  dried  fruit,  or 
whatever   might   so   be   laid   up   for  use.      There   was   the     ^ 
hearthstone,  supporting  mighty  andirons,  above  and  beyond     j  - 
which  yawned  the  vast,  cavernous  fireplace  with  its  swing-       / 
ing  crane.     Therein,  in  frosty  weather,  crackled  and  roared      ^ 
and  flamed  great  fires  of  long,  large  wood,  by  which  the       f 
roasting  and  toasting  were  done,  and  around  which,  on  win- 
ter evenings,  much  of  such  merriment  as  was  permissible      -i 
went   on   among  the   boys   and   girls  and  lads  and   lassies.      \ 
The  fire  was  kept  alive  in  the  embers  until  morning,  or  if 
in  some  dwelling,  the  rain  or  snow  coming  down  the  great 
chimney  during  the  night,  extinguished  it,  there  was  labor 
with  flint  or  friction,  or  toil  of  early  travel  to  some  neigh- 
bor's dwelling  for  needful  fire.     One  side  of  the  fireplace 
was    the   vast    oven    for    use   on   baking-days,    and    closets 
abounded   over    and   about   the   well-stocked    mantel-piece. 
In  the  kitchen,  too,  if  not  in  the  hall,  would  be  seen  mus- 
kets, pistols,  swords,  pikes,  and  corslets. 

Great  care  was  taken  to  prevent  the  burning  of  build- 
ings, as  the  frequent  appointment  of  chimney-viewers 
shows.  For  food,  they  had  abundance  of  game  and  fowl, 
fish,  and  fruit.  Indian  meal  prepared  in  the  form  of  bread  r 
or  porridge  was  ever  in  order.  Beef,  as  well  as  pork,  was  f 
by  this  time  plentiful.  Puddings  of  prodigious  size  and 
mysterious  composition  were  common.  Potatoes  were  as 
yet  unknown.  Wheat  and  rye  and  barley  and  peas  grew 
in  their  fields,  and  their  gardens  were  fruitful  in  vegetables. 

One  "  plain  supper,  but  of  exceeding  relish,"  is  de- 
scribed :  "  Warm  rye  loaves  with  butter  and  honey,  and 
bowls  of  sweet  milk,  and  roasted  apples." 

They  drank  cider  and  beer  and  sirups  and  cordials  of 
their  own  manufacture  ;  rum  and  wine  of  importation,  as 
could  be  afforded,  and  imder  regulation  of  law,  smoked 
tobacco. 

Their  chief  means  for  procuring  clothing,  save  as  they 


72  History  of  the  Church 

converted  the  skins  of  deer,  raccoon,  wolf,  and  beaver  to 
such  nse,  was  by  sending  the  produce  of  their  agriculture 
to  Boston,  and  bartering  it  there  for  cloth.  They  raised 
wheat,  rye,  barley,  peas,  Indian  corn,  hemp,  and  flax.  They 
made  cider,  perry,  deal  boards,  and  staves.  They  raised 
what  tobacco  they  needed.  No  ports  of  the  colony  were 
free,  and  little  was  brought  to  them  from  abroad.  Now 
and  then  a  shipment  was  made  to  Barbadoes,  or  other 
"Caribian  islands,"  and  bartered  there  for  sugar,  cotton, 
wool,  and  rum.  Occasionally  a  vessel  would  sail  to  Ma- 
deira or  Fayal,  and  return  with  wine.  In  1680,  there  were 
about  twenty  petty  merchants  in  the  colony.  "  There  are 
few  servants  among  us,  and  less  slaves,  not  above  thirty  in 
the  colony."  Now  and  then  a  ship  from  Barbadoes  would 
bring  back  a  black  man  or  two.  Such  were  sold  at  the 
rate  of  about  ^^22  each.  There  were  four  or  five  seventh- 
day  men  in  the  colony,  and  about  as  many  Quakers.  The 
Quakers  had  been  roughly  discouraged  from  settling  here. 
Money  was  scarce,  and  labor  dear.  Laborers  were  paid 
two  shillings,  or  two  and  sixpence  a  day.  Wheat  was  four 
shillings  a  bushel,  pork  and  beef  about  threepence  a  pound, 
and  butter  brought  sixpence. 

"  We  are  a  poor  people,"  is  the  pathetic  confession. 
"  For  the  most  part  we  do  labor  in  tilling  the  ground,  and 
by  the  time  a  year's  travail  and  labor  hath  gathered  some 
small  parcel  of  provisions,  it  is  transported  to  Boston,  and 
there  half  a  crown  will  not  produce  so  much  goods  of  any 
sort  as  tenpence  will  in  England."  Blastings  and  mildews, 
visitations  from  an  offended  God,  damaged  their  wheat. 
Strange  worms  devoured  their  peas.  Their  conflicts  with 
the  Indians  had  involved  them  in  heavy  debt,  and  so  they 
toiled  on  under  heavy  burdens. 

The  good  people  had  their  own  superstitious  notions 
and  trials.  The  appearance  of  comets  in  the  sky  created 
alarm  in  many  minds,  and  even  the  ministers  regarded  such 
appearances  with  apprehension,   and  connected  them    with 


Hartford  People   Tivo  Hundred  Years  Ago  73 

visitations  of  drought,  war,  and  pestilence.  Occasionally  a 
house  would  be  dolefully  beset  with  Satan's  imps.  Strange 
disturbances  and  noises  would  occur  which  some  thought 
might  be  accounted  for  by  natural  tricks  of  subtlety  and 
cunning,  but  by  others  were  regarded  as  due  to  Indian 
sorceries  and  devilish  enchantment,  of  which  a  great  store 
of  stories  was  on  hand.  The  doctor  of  physic  (if  a  keen 
student  of  natural  things,  and  not  particularly  pious),  might 
acquire  the  reputation  of  a  wizard,  and  his  friendly  inter- 
course with  the  Indians  for  the  purpose  of  studying  their 
character  and  customs,  would  expose  him  to  the  suspicion 
of  many,  as  in  unhallowed  league  with  heathen  conjurors. 

The  ministers  had  libraries  which,  according  to  the  in- 
ventories of  their  estates,  were  of  considerable  value.  The 
chief  men  may  also  have  possessed  many  and  costly  vol- 
umes. But  the  people  generally  had  few  books,  and  what 
they  had,  the  Bible  excepted,  were  dull  and  sombre.  Over 
the  sunniest  and  sweetest  portions  of  the  Bible  lay  a  veil 
thicker  than  any  with  which  audacious  women  sometimes 
dared  to  screen  their  faces.  As  Bunyan  died  in  1688,  and 
eleven  editions  and  100,000  copies  of  his  allegory  were  sold 
before  that  time,  the  Pilgrim  s  Progress  may  have  been  in 
Hartford  homes  before  1689.  But  it  is  highly  improbable 
that  a  single  copy  of  Shakspeare  or  Milton's  poems  had 
reached  this  town.  So  far  as  is  known,  there  was  not  a 
copy  of  either  of  these  authors  in  Massachusetts  before 
1700.  Not  until  twenty-three  years  later  did  the  library 
of  Harvard  College  contain  the  works  of  Addison,  Dryden, 
Pope,  Locke,  Steele,  and  Swift.  Spenser's  Fairie  Queen  was 
unknown  here.  There  were  sermons  and  theological  treat- 
ises, and  some  histories.  The  Bay  Psalm  Book,  the  first 
book  produced  within  the  present  limits  of  the  United 
States,  appeared  in  1640,  and  had  a  wide  circulation.  It 
was  a  metrical  version  of  the  Psalter,  done  into  English 
from  the  Hebrew  by  ministers  of  Massachusetts.  These 
worthy  gentlemen  deemed  that  "  God's  altar  needs  no  pol- 


74  History  of  the  Church 

ishing,"  and  in  their  endeavor  to  put  the  words  of  David 
into  English  verse  "with  great  fidelity,"  they  succeeded  in 
spilling  out  all  the  poetry  of  the  original.  The  Bay  Psalm 
Book,  once  so  highly  regarded  for  its  verse,  resembles  the 
Psalter  very  much  as  a  given  number  of  cords  of  crooked 
wood  resembles  the  forest  trees  before  they  were  chopped 
down,  cut  tip,  and  piled  together.  The  verses  of  Mrs.  Anne 
Bradstreet  (1612-1672)  may  have  circulated  here.  She  was 
the  first  person  who  put  forth  a  volume  of  poems  in  Bos- 
ton. Her  "  Divine  and  Moral  Meditations,"  in  prose,  were 
also  in  print.  Reverend  Michael  Wigglesworth,  of  whom 
mention  has  already  been  made,  obtained  great  popularity 
by  his  "  Day  of  Doom,"  which,  no  doubt,  was  read  in  this 
vicinity.  This  dreadful  doggerel  only  chops  up  into  verse- 
form  the  current  theology,  and  has  no  more  poetry  in  it  than 
a  wheelbarrow.  Mr.  Wigglesworth  was  one  of  the  men 
who  inveighed  against  the  wearing  of  long  hair  by  men, 
and  affected  to  believe  that  the  gay  apparel  and  pretty 
head-dresses  of  the  "weaker  vessels"  would  yet  provoke 
God's  blazing  wrath  and  prove  the  ruin  of  the  country. 

There  was  no  literature,  properly  speaking,  in  the  col- 
onies that  the  people  generally  had  access  to,  or  of  which 
they  knew  anything.  It  is  not  strange  that  possessing 
active  minds,  they  everywhere  strove  together  in  theolog- 
ical or  ecclesiastical  controversy.  How  isolated  they  were  ! 
with  few  roads  or  bridges,  with  few  books  and  no  papers, 
and  shut  up  to  the  "  variety  of  ministerial  gifts  "  for  their  in- 
tellectual nourishment.  Thought  and  discussion  turned  so 
exclusively  in  upon  local  interests  and  abstract  questions 
could  but  become  narrow  and  litigious.  It  is  no  wonder 
that  now  and  then  a  good  woman,  like  the  wife  of  Rev. 
vSamuel  Stone,  "  smoaked  out  her  days  in  the  darkness  of 
melancholy,"  as  Mr.  Hooker  said. 

But  there  is  another  aspect  of  this  matter.  These  peo- 
ple were  neither  dull  nor  ignorant.  As  a  self-governing 
people  they  had  weighty  things  to  consider  and  debate,  both 


Hartford  People   Two  Hundred  Years  Ago  75 

as  concerned  their  internal  affairs  and  their  relations  with 
the  mother  country  and  neighboring  colonies.  Their  town 
meeting  was  a  democratic  debating  society  as  well  as  little 
legislature.  There  is  abundant  evidence,  not  only  of  their 
sagacity,  but  of  their  ability  to  express  themselves  clearly 
and  forcibly.  Their  letters  are  racy  and  quaint,  and  their 
records  and  journals  are  made  in  homely,  sinewy  English. 
Their  more  formal  addresses  to  the  English  court  are  admir- 
ably composed.  What  they  lacked  in  surface  culture  they 
more  than  made  good  in  originality.  Best  of  all  they  had 
the  saving  spirit  in  them  to  encourage  learning.  They  pro- 
vided that  "  learning  may  not  be  buried  in  the  graves  of  our 
forefathers." 

In  1677  the  General  Court  gave  orders  that  if  any  county 
town  should  neglect  to  keep  up  a  Latin  school  it  should  pay 
a  fine  of  jQ\o  to  the  next  town  in  the  county  that  would  en- 
gage to  keep  up  such  a  school,  and  the  same  sum  should  be 
so  annually  paid  "until  they  come  up  to  the  attendance  of 
this  order."  Such  life  could  not  be  very  sombre  nor  morose, 
for  it  had  health,  and  there  is  joy  in  health.  The  people  had 
singularities  and  severities,  and  these  were  manifest  in  the 
forms  of  legislation  as  well  as  in  manners,  opinions,  and 
habits,  but  the  rough  husk  contained  the  rich  seed-grain  of 
all  that  is  most  precious  and  most  permanent  in  our  domes- 
tic, educational,  political,  and  religious  institutions.  Beneath 
the  rugged  exterior,  which  partook  somewhat  of  the  austeri- 
ty of  their  "wilderness  condition,"  was  a  large,  good,  free 
humanity. 

Certain  relations  in  "  Margaret's  Smith's  Journal,"  '  may 
not  be  literally  true,  but  they  admit  the  reader  to  the  hearths 
and  homes  of  New  England  in  1678-79,  and  introduce  him  to 
a  variety  of  people  among  whom  are  many  educated,  culti- 
vated, and  charming  men  and  women.  They  are  true  as 
setting  forth  the  existence  of  many  persons  whose  eyes  and 
ears  were  open  to  the  beauties  and  harmonies  of  the  wilder- 

1  Whittier's  Prose  Works,  vol.  i. 


76  History  of  t/ie  Church 

ness  world  in  which  they  were  living,  —  who  saw  in  the 
autumn  foliage  and  in  the  glowing  sunsets  and  in  the  clouds 
of  gold  and  purple,  a  glory  as  of  God's  own  mighty  Minster  ; 
who  heard  a  grand  and  solemn  organ-music  in  the  wind- 
swept woods  ;  who  questioned  fields  and  forests,  and  received 
answers  therefrom,  as  the  sybils  did,  of  old,  from  rustling 
leaves  and  purling  brooks  ;  who  found  nature  an  open  book 
abundant  with  delectable  teaching,  until  the  chatter  of  the 
blackbirds  in  the  spring  meadows  seemed  more  pleasing 
than  the  subtleties  and  disputes  of  divines  ;  and  in  whose 
hearts,  thus  touched  by  the  wand  of  beauty,  fountains  gushed 
up,  sweeter  than  the  hillside  springs  of  water,  and  "  therein, 
also,  flowers  of  the  summer  do  blossom  all  the  year  long." 

And  if  it  be  asked,  why  then  did  not  these  gushing 
fountains  overflow  into  musical  measures,  and  these  summer 
flowers  bloom  forth  into  some  poetic  forms,  the  answer  is  to 
be  found,  not  in  the  foolish  assertion,  contradicted  by  the 
works  of  Spencer,  Milton,  and  Bunyan,  that  Puritanism  is 
essentially  incapable  of  producing  poetry,  but  in  the  fact 
that  poetic  art  and  literary  culture  were  utterly  lacking  in 
the  new  colonies,  as  yet. 

It  is  true  that  theology  had  pre-empted  the  field  of 
letters,  giving  way  only  to  the  cultivation,  in  odd  corners,  of 
metrical  versions  of  its  doctrines,  and  frowning  upon  the 
conceits  of  ballads  and  rhymes  as,  at  best,  a  waste  of  time. 

But  aside  from  this,  and  from  the  almost  insuperable 
difficulty  of  getting  things  printed  in  those  days,  it  must  be 
remembered  that  poetry  is  an  art  as  well  as  an  inspiration. 
It  rarely  springs  up  in  virgin  soil  and  in  new  conditions,  but 
is  a  later  growth  for  which  a  literary  preparation  must  be 
made.  New  England  was  then  an  absolutely  unliterary 
land,  and  destitute  of  that  art  and  culture  which  provide  the 
forms  in  which  poetic  feeling  and  inspiration  may  find  poetic 
expression. 

A  few  peculiarities  of  social  life,  as  the  General  Court 
attempted  to  regulate  it,  may  be  noted. 


Hartford  People   Two  Hundred  Years  Ago  ii 

All  young  persons  under  twenty  years  of  age  were 
drilled  in  some  orthodox  catechism.  Family  worship  was 
enjoined,  and  refractory  heads  of  households  were  liable  to 
be  punished.  All  persons  boarding  or  sojourning  in  families 
must  diligently  attend  the  public  worship  of  those  families, 
and  submit  themselves  to  domestical  government  therein. 

The  irrepressible  exuberance  of  youthful  spirits  was 
solemnly  watched,  and  its  forthputtings  were  unsparingly 
pruned.  In  1676,  it  was  ordered  by  the  General  Court  that 
all  persons  thereafter  found  sporting  in  the  streets  or  fields, 
either  Saturday  night  or  on  the  Lord's  Day,  if  even  after  sun- 
set, should  be  liable  to  a  fine  of  ten  shillings  for  each  trans- 
gression, and,  in  default  of  payment,  to  corporal  punish- 
ment. Excess  in  apparel  was  also  declared  to  be  unbecoming 
a  "wilderness  condition,"  inconsistent  with  the  Gospel,  and 
likely  to  corrupt  the  rising  generation.  Wherefore  it  was  or- 
dered that  whosoever  should  wear  gold  or  silver  lace,  gold  or 
silver  buttons,  silk  ribbons  or  other  superfluous  trimmings,  or 
any  bone  lace  above  three  shillings  a  yard,  or  silk  scarfs,  such, 
or  their  husbands,  parents,  or  masters,  should  be  assessed  in 
the  list  of  estates  at  ^150,  and  pay  rates  accordingly.  But 
this  law  was  not  to  apply  to  magistrates  or  officers  of  the  col- 
ony, or  to  their  wives  and  children,  or  to  commissioned  mili- 
tary officers,  or,  curiously  enough,  "  to  such  whose  quality  and 
estate  have  been  above  the  ordinary  degree,  though  now  de- 
cayed! "  To  say  nothing  more  of  legislation,  the  severe  regu- 
lations, the  prescription  of  duties,  and  the  restriction  of  in- 
dividual liberties,  the  sumptuary  enactments,  the  scrutiny  of 
household  and  personal  life  by  church  and  court,  the  attempt 
to  bring  men  and  women  into  subjection  to  one  standard  of 
morality  and  faith,  must  be  regarded  from  a  standpoint  in 
the  seventeenth  century,  and  not  from  our  present  point  of 
view. 

The  environment  and  exigencies  of  the  people  at  that 
time  must  be  considered,  and  it  should  also  be  remembered 
that,  in  the  main,  the  criminal  and  sumptuary  legislation  of 


78  History  of  the  Church 

Connecticut  Colony  was  then  but  an  adaptation  of  existing 
English  legislation,  milder  far  in  the  "wilderness  condition" 
than  in  the  mother  country.  It  has  been  most  wisely  said  by  a 
distinguished  writer  of  our  own  city/  that  "the  student  of  the 
social  life  in  early  New  England  is  in  danger  of  being  mis- 
led by  the  laws  and  the  records  of  courts  and  churches.  .  . 
It  is  the  lawbreakers  and  the  litigious  whose  names  appear 
oftenest  in  the  court  records,  and  the  immoral  portions  of  the 
congregation  claim  most  space  in  the  church  records."  An 
excessive  if  not  exclusive  theological  training  developed  the 
spirit  of  casuistry  whose  fruits  were  baneful.  Every  known 
or  suspected  offender  against  the  laws  of  chastity  and  temper- 
ance was  publicly  dealt  with  by  the  church.  All  the  details 
were  brought  to  publicity,  and  often  spread  upon  the  church 
records.  Often  the  Lecture  Day  was  considered  the  most 
suitable  time  for  a  public  announcement  of  the  offense,  for 
an  exhortation  and  warning,  and  for  a  commitment  of  the 
offender  to  his  punishment.  The  vigorous  and  wretched 
and  baneful  system  of  "discipline"  then  in  vogue  opened 
the  records  to  a  full  description  of  all  manner  of  offenses, 
while  the  virtues  of  the  great  majority  of  the  people  were 
unrecorded. 

The  amusements  of  the  young  people  in  those  days  were 
somewhat  restricted,  but  it  cannot  be  questioned  that  there 
were  various  amusements  in  which  the  young  Puritans  took 
innocent  and  hearty  delight.  There  were  election  days  and 
training  days,  and  Thanksgiving  days,  with  their  games  and 
sports  and  feasts  and  merrymakings.  There  were  house-rais- 
ings, and  j oiliest  corn-huskings,  and  picnics,  and  excursions, 
and  gatherings  in  the  great  kitchens  around  the  blazing  fire- 
side, with  nuts  and  apples  and  cider  for  cheer,  or  parties  in 
the  best  parlors,  or  wedding  festivities  which  were  often 
protracted  and  hilarious,  or  negro  "trainings,"  which  af- 
forded much  mirth.  It  was  by  no  means  "  all  work  and 
no  play  "  for  the  Hartford  lads  and  lassies  of  that  day,  nor 

1  Charles  Dudley  Warner,  Mem.  Hist,  of  Hart.  County,  p.  349,  vol.  i. 


Hartford  People   Two  Hundred  Years  Ago  79 

were  they  duller  boys  and  girls  than  some  of  later  genera- 
tions. -— — 

There  is  no  little  diflficulty  in  speaking  of  the  dress  of 
that  period,  for  the  severer  styles  of  Mr.  Hooker's  day  had 
gradually  developed  into  brighter  fashions  much  lamented 
by  the  surviving  elders.  Nor  is  it  quite  safe  to  assume  the 
existence  here  of  such  attire  as  is  seen  in  contemporaneous 
pictures  and  portraits  of  English  Puritans.  The  inventories 
of  estates  made  in  the  later  years,  1685-90,  afford  some  in- 
formation. Viewed  with  kindly  eyes,  from  our  safe  distance, 
something  picturesque  —  sedately  so  —  which  has  not  escaped 
artistic  recognition,  is  observable  in  that  Puritan  attire.  It 
was  an  age  of  homespun,  of  hands  busy  with  wheel  and  loom 
in  almost  every  house,  and  of  prodigious  knitting-work  at 
odds  and  ends  of  broken  time,  yet  the  firm  fabrics  vv^ere  not 
chiefly  of  funereal  hue,  but  of  warm  gray  made  warmer  still 
with  rich  red  dyes  for  hose  and  tasseled  caps  and  other  use. 
Shoes  were  coarse  but  often  comely.  The  common  linsey- 
woolsey  trousers  had  bright  stripes,  and  the  better  knee 
breeches  showed  off  a  shapeliness  of  sturdy  limb.  The  stuff 
coats  and  stouter  doublets,  and  the  top  coats  of  various  skins 
defied  the  winter  cold. 

A  common  dress  of  women  was  a  blue  or  whitish  linen 
waist  with  short  sleeves,  joined  to  a  skirt  of  stuff  or  serge,  and 
a  snow-white  flaxen  apron  stiffly  starched  and  smoothly 
ironed.  The  short  gown  with  scant  sleeves,  laced  in  front, 
with  white  kerchief  about  the  neck  and  bosom,  joined  at  the 
waist  with  stuffed  petticoat  or  skirt,  with  **  mits  "  for  cover- 
ing the  forearm,  and  bits  of  ribbon  here  and  there,  and,  in 
cool  weather,  a  short  cloak  with  capacious  hood,  gracefully 
attired  the  goodwife  as  she  went  abroad  to  meeting  or  more 
formal  visitation.  The  matrons  wore  muslin  caps,  the  maid- 
ens curled  or  dressed  their  unhidden  hair.  Now  and  then 
might  have  been  seen  the  Cromwellian  style  of  muslin  ruff 
about  the  neck,  the  broad-brimmed  and  peaked  hat,  and  the 
plain,  straight  dress  of  stuff  or  serge. 


8o  History  of  the  Church 

There  was  no  such  thing  then  known  as  an  umbrella, 
although  in  1676  an  English  traveler  saw  in  France  "a 
pretty  sort  of  cover  for  women  riding  out  in  the  sun,  made 
of  straw,  something  like  covers  for  dishes,"  and  called  para- 
sols. 

However  unrelieved  of  black  the  minister's  attire  may 
have  been,  save  for  white  bands,  the  magistrate,  the  deputy, 
and  those  to  whom  the  distinction  of  being  called  "  Mr."  be- 
longed, had  gayer  garments  than  their  descendants.  Purple, 
plum-colored,  and  blue  coats  were  theirs,  and  broadcloth 
coats  lined  with  red,  and  often  gold-laced  waistcoats,  and 
laced  ruffles  on  bosom  and  wrist,  and  the  knees  of  their  small 
clothes  were  fastened  with  ribbon,  or  with  buttons  of  silver 
or  gold.  Their  shoes  were  adorned  with  bows  of  ribbon,  and 
possibly  with  silver  buckles,  though  these  were  probably  of 
later  date.  The  broad-brimmed  and  conical  hat  was  but 
little  severer  in  shape  than  a  Mexican  sombtero,  and  certain- 
ly might  vie  for  beauty  or  comfort  with  the  hat  of  this  cen- 
tury. Citizens  of  lesser  distinction  and  fortune,  but  yet  of 
moderate  means,  had  serge  and  kersey  coats,  red  waistcoats, 
and  stuff  breeches.  A  few  had  silver  watches.  Nothing 
more  graceful  could  be  desired  than  the  long-flowing,  wavy 
hair  and  the  neat  dress  of  swarthy,  handsome  John  Bunyan, 
as  his  portrait  in  Bedford  Chapel  shows  him  at  this  period. 

The  ladies  of  quality,  on  good  occasion,  appeared  in  flow- 
ing brocades,  or  with  gowns  of  cashmere  or  silk,  with  em- 
broidered stomachers,  silk  scarfs,  fine  laces,  and  manifold 
finery  of  adornment.  If  matrons,  they  wore  laced  caps,  but 
the  younger  were  allowed  in  pretty  dress  or  curl  of  uncov- 
ered hair. 

The  prevailing  fashions  in  England,  both  as  regards  cos- 
tumes and  furniture,  found  their  way  with  incredible  swift- 
ness to  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut.  The  colonial  records 
afford  ample  evidence  of  a  continuous  and  irresistible  ten- 
dency on  the  part  of  the  colonists  to  improve  and  enrich 
their  dress.     The  restoration  of  the  monarchy  under  Charles 


Hartford  People   Tivo  Hundred  Years  Ago  8i 

II  brought  in  new  and  beautiful  forms  of  household  furni- 
ture, and  brighter,  gayer,  richer  styles  of  raiment.  And  so  it 
came  to  pass  that  in  Hartford,  as  in  other  colonial  towns,  the 
dress  of  the  people  took  on  new  variety  and  decoration,  and 
many  of  their  houses  were  enriched  with  articles  of  furniture 
of  tasteful  designs  and  admirable  workmanship.  Thus,  be- 
fore Mr.  John  Whiting  ceased  from  his  labors,  the  "  wilder- 
ness condition  "  of  the  people  among  whom  he  was  born  and 
with  whom  he  labored  began  to  outgrow  its  primeval  sim- 
plicities and  poverty  of  accommodations  and  conveniences, 
and  to  show  signs  of  blossoming  like  the  rose,  many  of  which 
signs  the  elders  regarded  with  a  vain  grief. 

A  few  words  touching  religious  usages  must  suffice. 
On  each  Lord's  Day  the  people  assembled  for  public  wor- 
ship at  about  nine  o'clock  in  the  forenoon,  and  about  two 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  There  was  also  a  mid-week  lec- 
ture. In  some  towns  the  hour  of  worship  was  announced, 
and  the  signal  for  assembling  given  by  beat  of  drum  or 
blast  of  horn.  Hartford  had  a  town-crier  and  bell-ringer 
as  early  as  1641.  In  1643,  the  town  ordered  "  a  bell  to  be 
rung  by  the  watch  every  morning,  an  hour  before  da}-- 
break,"  and  that  there  "  should  be  in  every  house  one  up 
and  have  made  some  light,  within  one-quarter  of  an  hour 
of  the  bell-ringing."  The  following  passage  from  Letchford's 
Plaiti-Dcaling  (Dr.  J.  H.  Trumbull's  edition),  probabl}'  gives 
a  correct  account  of  the  general  practice  in  the  churches 
of  that  age  : 

The  publique  worship  is  in  as  faire  a  meeting-house  as  they  can 
provide,  wherein,  in  most  places,  they  have  beene  at  great  charges. 
Every  Sabbath  or  Lord's  Day,  they  come  together  at  Bostoti,  by  wring- 
ing of  a  bell,  about  nine  of  the  clock  or  before.  The  Pastor  begins 
with  solemn  prayer  continuing  about  a  quarter  of  an  houre.  The 
Teacher  then  readeth  and  expoundeth  a  Chapter  ;  then  a  Psalme  is  sung, 
which  ever  one  of  the  ruling  elders  dictates.  After  that  the  Pastor 
preacheth  a  Sermon,  and  sometimes  ex  tempore  exhorts.  Then  the 
Teacher  concludes  with  prayer,  and  a  blessing. 

Once  a  moneth  is  a  Sacrament  of  the  Lord's  Supper,  whereof  notice 
is  given  usually  a  fortnight  before,  and  then  all  others  departing  save 
6 


82  History  of  the  Church 

the  Church,  which  is  a  great  deal  lesse  in  number  than  those  that  goe 
away,  they  receive  the  Sacrament,  the  Ministers  and  Ruling  Elders 
sitting  at  the  Table,  the  rest  in  their  seats,  or  upon  forms.  .  .  .  The 
one  of  the  teaching  elders  prays  before,  and  blesseth,  and  consecrates 
the  Bread  and  Wine,  according  to  the  words  of  Institution  :  the  other 
prays  after  the  receiving  of  all  the  members  ;  and  next  communion,  they 
change  turns  ;  he  that  began  at  that,  ends  at  this  ;  and  the  Ministers 
deliver  the  Bread  in  a  charger  to  some  of  the  chiefe,  and  peradventure 
give  to  a  few  the  Bread  into  their  hands,  and  they  deliver  the  charger 
from  one  to  another,  till  all  have  eaten  ;  in  like  manner  the  cup,  till  all 
have  dranke,  goes  from  one  to  another.  Then  a  Psalme  is  sung,  and 
with  a  short  blessing  the  congregation  is  dismissed.  .  .  .  About  two 
in  the  after-noone,  they  repaire  to  the  meeting-house  againe;  and  then 
the  Pastor  begins,  as  before  noone,  and  a  Psalme  being  sung,  the 
Teacher  makes  a  Sermon.  .  .  After  and  before  his  Sermon,  he  pray- 
eth.  After  that  ensvies  Baptisme,  if  there  be  any,  which  is  done  by 
either  Pastor  or  Teacher,  in  the  Deacons  seate,  the  most  eminent  place 
in  the  church,  next  under  the  Elders  seate.  The  Pastor  most  com- 
monly makes  a  speech  or  exhortation  to  the  church  and  Parents  con- 
cerning Baptisme,  and  then  prayeth  before  and  after.  It  is  done  by 
washing  or  sprinkling.  One  of  the  Parents  being  of  the  church,  the 
childe  may  be  baptized,  and  the  Baptisme  is  into  the  name  of  the 
Father,  and  of  the  Sojttte,  and  of  the  Holy  Ghost.  No  sureties  are 
required. 

Which  ended,  follows  the  contribution,  one  of  the  Deacons  saying, 
"Brethren  of  the  congregation,  now  there  is  time  left  for  contribution, 
wherefore  as  God  hath  prospered  you,  so  freely  offer.  Upon  some  ex- 
traordinary occasions,  as  building  and  repairing  of  church  or  meeting- 
houses, the  Ministers  presse  a  liberall  contribution,  with  effectuall  ex- 
hortations out  of  Scripture.  The  Magistrates  and  chiefe  Gentlemen 
first,  and  then  the  Elders,  and  all  the  congregation  of  men  and  most  of 
them  that  are  not  of  the  church,  all  single  persons,  widows,  and  women 
in  absence  of  their  husbands,  come  up  one  after  another  one  way,  and 
bring  their  offerings  to  the  Deacon  at  his  seate,  and  put  it  into  a  box  of 
wood  for  the  purpose,  if  it  bee  money  or  papers  ;  if  it  be  any  other 
chattle,  they  set  it  or  lay  it  downe  before  the  Deacons,  and  so  passe 
another  way  to  their  seats  againe.  .  .  Which  moneys  and  goods  the 
Deacons  dispose  towards  the  maintenance  of  the  Ministers,  and  the  poor 
of  the  chmxh,  and  the  churches  occasions. 

The  prayers  were  "unstinted,"  both  as  to  length  and 
freedom  from  all  trammels  of  ritual.  The  gift  of  continu- 
ance in  prayer  was  rated  highly.     The  liturgical  service  of 


Hartford  People   Two  Hundred  Years  Ago  83 

the  English  church  was  remembered,  if  at  all  remembered, 
with  something  like  abhorrence.  The  younger  Winthrop 
kept  his  books,  at  one  time,  in  a  room  used  for  a  granary. 
One  volume  contained  the  Greek  Testament,  the  Psalter, 
and  the  Common  Prayer.  Mice  got  at  this  volume,  and 
pretty  much  ruined  the  Common  Prayer  portion,  leaving  the 
other  parts  untouched.     It  was  a  Providential  sign  ! 

-^As  for  the  Psalm-singing  of  that  day,  it  may  have  been 
devout,  but  it  could  not  have  been  very  musical.—  Sternhold 
and  Hopkins's  versions  were  bad  enough,  but  those  in  the  Bay 
Psalm  Book  were  far  worse,  and  it  is  difficult  to  understand 
how  even  expert  singers  could  have  adjusted  their  irregu- 
larities of  construction,  to  say  nothing  of  their  jejune  qual- 
ity, to  any  rhythmical  cadences.  Tuneful  motion  over  such 
corduroy  roads  of  rude  rhythm  must  have  been  painful, 
however  useful  for  purposes  of  spiritual  digestion. 

The  good  people  here  in  Hartford  could  not  have 
sung  their  psalms  much  better  than  they  of  Massachusetts 
churches,  and,  as  for  that,  could  not  have  sung  them  much 
more  dolefully  or  discordantly.  They  knew  only  a  few  sad 
tunes,  which  became  so  corrupted  by  gradual  variations, 
that  anything  but  concord  was  the  result  of  their  improve- 
ment. One  of  the  "  directions  "  in  the  Bay  Psalm  Book  of 
1689,  instructs  how  people  may  sing  within  the  compass  of 
their  voices,  "  without  Squeaking  above  and  Grumbling 
below."  The  irregularity  of  the  rhythm  in  the  Psalms  must 
have  added  to  the  discordance,  as  the  Squeakers  and  Grum- 
blers wrestled  with  redundant  syllables.  It  was  no  uncom- 
mon occurrence  for  the  congregation  to  switch  off  from  one 
tune  to  another  while  singing  one  hymn  or  psalm.  Judge 
Sewall  writes,  "  I  set  York  tune  and  the  congregation  went 
out  of  it  into  St.  Davids  in  the  very  2"'^  going  over."  He  set 
Windsor  tune,  and  the  people  "ran  over  into  Oxford  do 
what  I  could."  Indeed  the  singing  was  very  bad,  and  grew 
worse  as  the  few  tunes  sung  "  by  rote  "  became  distorted  by 
variations  and  quavers,  according  to  "  odd  humours  and  fan- 


§4  History  of  the  Church 

cies,"  until  no  two  voices  quavered  alike  or  together,  but 
the  singers  proceeded  with  "  perpetual  interfearings  with 
one  another,"  and  the  loudest-voiced  carried  the  day.  It 
was  inevitable  that  a  reformation  should  be  made,  but,  as 
will  be  seen,  it  was  made  against  sternest  opposition,  and 
with  many  pathetic  and  ludicrous  encounters  between  the 
adherents  of  the  old  way  and  the  champions  of  the  new. 

The  sermon  held  on,  as  it  would  seem  to  us,  intermina- 
bly, reaching  up  through  divisions  and  heads  to  "  twenty- 
seven  thly,"  with  "improvements  "  still  to  come.  Nathaniel 
Ward  said  truly,  "Wee  have  a  strong  weakness  in  New 
England  that  when  wee  are  speaking,  wee  know  not  how  to 
conclude  ;  wee  make  many  ends  before  wee  make  an  end." 
The  prayers  were  likewise  very  lengthy,  and  however  tedious 
they  may  have  been,  the  minister  who  should  have  made  a 
short  prayer  would  have  been  lightly  esteemed  as  lacking 
the  "gift  "  of  prayer. 

The  meeting-houses  were  not  warmed,  and,  as  Charles 
Dudley  Warner  has  said,  "  if  the  preacher  did  not  make  it 
hot  enough  for  his  congregation,  nothing  else  could."  Foot- 
stoves  were  in  use,  but  often  objection  was  made  to  these, 
through  dread  of  fire.  Judge  Sewall's  Diary  has  this:  "  The 
communion  bread  was  frozen  pretty  hard  and  rattled  sadly 
into  the  plates."  And  again  he  writes:  "  Bread  was  frozen 
at  Lord's  Table.  Though  'twas  so  cold,  John  Tucker- 
man  was  baptized."  The  first  congregation  to  have  an  iron 
stove  in  their  sanctuary,  so  far  as  records  show,  was  that  of 
Hadley  in  1734.  But  the  innovation  was  roundly  denounced, 
and  into  most  meeting-houses  stoves  found  way  at  a  much 
later  date,  and  against  stern  opposition. 

The  afternoon  service  differed  little  from  the  morning, 
except  that  the  reading  of  Scripture  was  omitted,  baptism 
was  administered  on  occasion  for  it,  and  a  contribution  was 
taken,  the  people  coming  forward  in  due  order  to  deposit 
their  offerings  with  the  deacon.  There  is  evidence  that 
blemished  offerings  were  sometimes  made  in  those  days,  and 


Hartford  People   Tico  Hundred  Years  Ago  85 

that  the  hypocritical  button-contributor  of  our  times  had  his 
prototype  in  the  giver  of  broken  wampum  of  the  seventeenth 
century. 

The  delicate  and  difficult  duty  of  "seating  the  meeting- 
house "was  not  discharged  without  causing  much  jealousy 
and  ill-feeling.  The  pews  were  "  dignified,"  and  persons 
were  seated  according  to  their  social  standing  or  official 
rank.  The  men  and  women  were  seated  separately,  on  op- 
posite sides  of  the  house,  and  the  boys  were  gathered  by 
themselves,  requiring  continual  supervision  and  discipline. 
Evidently  the  seating-committee  had  a  hard  duty  to  perform, 
and,  in  every  age,  the  Scribes  and  Pharisees  are  numerous 
who  crave  the  highest  seats  in  the  synagogue.  As  for  the 
boys,  they  gave  a  vast  deal  of  trouble,  then,  as  now.  The 
tithing-man  was  often  at  his  wit's  ends  because  of  them, 
and  the  Hartford  boys  who  were  caught  playing  or  mis- 
behaving in  the  time  of  public  worship,  "  whether  in  the 
meeting-house  or  about  the  walls,"  were  liable  to  be  "pun- 
ished at  the  present  publickly  before  the  assembly  depart." 
The  tithing-man,  the  "  Puritan  Bumble,"  as  he  has  been 
called,  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  creatures  of  the  com- 
munity. He  was  pompous  and  servile,  independent  and 
obsequious,  dignified  and  fussy,  and,  on  the  whole,  a  neces- 
sary sort  of  nuisance,  like  the  English  beadle.  He  sadly  in- 
terfered with  the  slumberers  in  the  sanctuary,  prodding  them 
with  his  wand  or  brushing  the  women's  faces  with  his 
feathery  fox-tail.  Most  amusing  stories  are  related  of  his 
endeavors  with  the  somnolent  saints  and  the  playful  and 
mischievous  lads;  and  not  only  with  them,  but  with  young 
people  walking  abroad  on  the  eve  of  Sabbath,  with  suspi- 
cious bachelors,  with  strangers  in  inns,  and  with  travelers  on 
the  Lord's  Day.  He  must  needs  report  such  as  "lye  at 
home,"  and  such  as  "lingered  without  dores  at  meeting- 
time,"  and  all  "sons  of  Belial,  strutting  about,  setting  on 
fences,  and  otherwise  desecrating  the  day."  This  highly 
impertinent  official  whom  everybody  must  have  cordially  dis- 


86  History  of  the  Church 

liked  and  feared,  lingered  long  in  the  Puritan  communities, 
in  fact,  long  after  his  authority  had  declined  and  his  terrors 
vanished. 

Funeral  services  were  then  attended  without  much  cere- 
mony in  a  plain  and  silent  reverence.  No  scripture  was 
read,  no  prayer  was  made,  lest  the  popish  error  of  praying 
for  the  dead  should  be  countenanced,  but  the  bell  was  tolled, 
and  devout  men  quietly  bore  the  dead,  laid  upon  a  bier,  to 
the  burial.'  This  seems  severe,  but  our  good  forefathers  of 
that  day  at  least  escaped  the  tortures  suffered  by  many  of 
their  posterity,  in  the  harrowing  "  remarks  "  and  agonizing 
prayers  too  frequently  poured  out  on  similar  occasions. 
After  the  burial,  refreshments  were  commonly  served  to  the 
bearers  and  friends,  and,  if  tradition  may  be  credited,  sorrow 
was  sometimes  turned  to  joy  by  another  spirit  than  that  of 
consolation.*  Marriage  was  then  regarded  as  a  civil  contract^ 
in  reaction  from  the  sacramental  doctrines  of  Popery  and 
Prelacy,  and  the  marriage  ceremony,  such  as  it  was,  was  per- 
formed by  the  magistrate,  and  not  by  the  minister.  The 
first  marriage,  ratified  by  a  minister  in  Massachusetts,  was  in 
1686.*  It  is  noteworthy  that  in  1653  the  English  Parliament 
ordered  that  after  the  20th  of  September  all  marriages  should 
take  place  ''before  some  Justice  of  the  Peace."  In  1694  the 
General  Court  of  Connecticut  granted  ordained  ministers  of 
the  several  towns  of  the  colony  permission  to  join  in  mar- 
riage such  as  were  legally  qualified  for  the  same  and  were 
desirous  of  a  religious  service. 

The  Puritan's  poetic  instinct  or  impulse  found  expres- 
sion in  curious  rhymed  verses  which  were  scribbled  on  the 
margins  of  Psalm  Books  and  on  the  blank  leaves  of  books, 
and  cut  on  the  sombre  tombstones.     In  her  charming  book 

'  Laadatory  and  lachrymose  verses  were  somettmes  circulated  among  the  friends, 
and  fastened  to  the  bier.  Sewall  says  of  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard's  funeral,  "There 
were  some  verses,  but  none  pinned  to  the  Herse." 

*  The  use  of  liquor  at  funerals  was  not  discontinued  until  a  comparatively  recent 
date,  and  then  there  were  stout  protests  against  the  inhospitable  reform.  One  old 
gentleman  is  on  record  as  having  remarked  with  equal  bitterness  and  wit,  "  Temper- 
ance has  done  for  fiDterals .'  " 

3  Walker's  Hist ,  p.  235. 


Hartford  People   T7V0  Hundred  Years  Ago  87 

entitled  "  The  Sabbath  in  Puritan  New  England,"  Alice 
Morse  Earle  tells  of  a  copy  of  the  Bay  Psalm  Book  which 
belonged  to  Cicely  Morse  in  the  year  17 10,  and  which  bears 
on  many  a  page  her  name  and  this  couplet :  — 

,     "In  youth  I  praise 

And  walk  thy  ways." 

And  she  sketches  a  pretty  picture  of  fair  Cicely,  "  clad  in  her 
sad-colored  gown  and  long  apron,  with  a  quoif  or  ciffer  cov- 
ering her  smooth  hair,  and  a  red  whittle  on  her  slender 
shoulders,  a-singing  in  the  old  New  England  meeting-house 
through  the  long,  tedious  psalms  "  ;  —  singing  with  dim  feel- 
ing of  its  symbolic  meaning  the  following  version  of  Solo- 
mon's ardent  song  :  — 

"  Let  him  with  kisses  of  his  mouth 

Be  pleased  me  to  kiss, 
Because  much  better  than  the  wine 

Thy  loving  kindness  is. 
My  love  as  in  Engedis  vines 

Like  camphire  bunch  to  me, 
So  fair,  my  love,  so  fair  thou  art 

Thine  eyes  as  doves  eyes  be." 

Staid  Puritan  youth  may  have  glanced  soberly  across 
the  old  meeting-house  at  the  fair  girl  as  she  sung,  "  and  the 
glamour  of  eternal,  sweet-voiced  youth  hangs  around  the 
gentle  Cicely,  through  the  power  of  the  inscription  in  the 
old  psalm  book,  —  the  romance  of  the  time  when  Cicely,  the 
Puritan  commonwealth,  the  whole  New  World  was  young." 

And  this  I  quote  because,  though  purely  imaginative,  it 
doubtless  suggests,  yea  depicts,  an  aspect  of  life  which  was 
most  real  and  common  here  in  Hartford  two  hundred  years 
ago.  For  love  and  song,  and  praise  and  youth  are  insepara- 
ble in  every  age,  and  if  the  psalm  was  rude  and  the  music 
harsh,  there  were  pure  and  praiseful  youth  who  knew  all 
the  tenderness  of  love  and  all  the  power  of  grace,  to  whom 
"the  wilderness  condition"  was  full  of  beauty  and  of  hope. 

These  worthy  people  of  Hartford,  whom  we  have  thus 
somewhat  considered,  were  by  no  means  of  sour  and  forbid- 


88  History  of  the  Church 

ding  aspect.     Life  to  them  was  indeed  a  serious  and  solemn 
concern,  abundant  in  toil  and  trial,  in  privation  and  even  peril, 
but  it  was  sweetened  by  domestic  happiness,  lightened  by 
mutual  helpfulness,  sustained  by  a  lofty  purpose,  cheered  by 
an  ardent  hope,  and  consoled  by  an  undiscourageable  faith. 
Pictures  of  Puritan  life  and  character  drawn  from  almost  ex- 
clusive studies  of  their  severer  aspects  are  little  better  than 
caricatures.     It  is  only  under  a  delusion  akin  to  the  evil 
spell  wrought  upon  Goodman  Brown  of  Salem  village,  at  the 
midnight  witch-meeting  in  the  forest,  which  made  him  look 
askance  at  all  his  old  associates,  that  men  of  this  day,  like 
Hawthorne's  character,  can  pass  through  the  Puritan  villages 
of  two  centuries  ago,  shrinking  with  suspicion  and  aversion 
from   ministers,    magistrates,    deacons,    elders,   and   citizens 
generally,   as  if   they  all  were  under  a  ban  of   evil,   were 
wrapped  in  gloom  and  given  iip  to  despair  under  the  notion 
that  to  be  miserable  is  the  way  to  be  good.     There  were 
doleful  deacons  then,  no  doubt,  and  frowning  magistrates, 
and  mournful  ministers  who  "  walked  along  the  graveyard 
to  get  up  an  appetite  for  breakfast  and  meditate  a  sermon," 
—  elderly  men  in  black,  "grave  and  solemn  as  tombstones 
on  a  ramble  from  the  burying  ground."     But  of  those  same 
ministers  whom  Hawthorne  thus  describes,  one  was,  accord- 
ing to  Hawthorne  himself,  a  good  old  saint  who  failed  not  to 
give  his  pleasant  greeting  and  pious  blessing  to  all  who  met 
him  at  his  morning  ramble  ;  and  another,  Mr.  Increase  Math- 
er, was  a  man  of  great  character  and  learning,  who  rendered 
inestimable  service  to  the  colony   of   Massachusetts  in  its 
struggles  for  freedom  and  to  the  cause  of  education  therein, 
and  whose  life  with  his  family  is  said  to  have  been  most 
delightful.     But  there  were  hearty,  healthy,  sunny,  sweet, 
good  people  in  abundance,  older  and  younger,  of  either  sex, 
sane  in  mind  and  sound  at  heart,  strong  of  limb  and  fair  to 
see,  neither  ignorant  nor  uncultivated,  possessing  the  trea- 
sure of  a  poetic  folk-lore  of  old-world  memories  and  traditions 
mingled  with  new-world  adventures,  who  would  not  in  the 


Hartford  People   Two  Hundred  Years  Ago  89 

least  have  understood  the  modern  commiserations  of  their  lot 
in  life.  That  picture  sketched  by  Hawthorne  in  a  line  or 
two,  of  young-  Goodman  Brown  of  Salem  villag-c,  turning 
back  on  his  threshold  in  the  sunset  light  to  exchange  a  part- 
ing kiss  with  his  fair  young  wife,  and  of  Faith,  for  so  she 
was  aptly  called,  bending  forward  her  pretty  head  and  letting 
the  soft  breeze  play  with  the  pink  ribbons  in  her  cap,  —  and, 
later,  skipping  like  a  young  fawn  along  the  street,  with  the 
pink  ribbons  fluttering  about  her  fair  head,  and  "almost  kiss- 
ing her  husband  before  the  whole  village,"  is  a  truer  as  well 
as  prettier  picture  of  the  young  Puritanism  of  the  time  than 
ever  was  or  ever  will  be  sketched  by  any  of  the  bewitched 
revilers  of  their  ancestors.'  And  so,  whether  in  meeting- 
house, court,  or  household,  whether  toiling  in  the  field  or 
forest,  or  busy  with  the  manifold  duties  of  domestic  service, 
or  following  the  deadly  foe  in  defense  of  home  and  house-  ^ 
hold,  this  Puritan  ancestor  of  ours,  encompassed  and  threat-  \  ^  - 
ened  with  a  great  outlying  and  inroaring  savagery  of  nature,  n  r.  \ 
and  set  there  so  determinedly  unconquerable  and  coura- 
geous in  his  "wilderness  condition,"  does  verily  seem  a  some- 
what picturesque  and  romantic  as  well  as  truly  heroic  figure, 
of  whom  we  may  justly  be  proud,  in  this  our  day  and  gene- 
ration.   

2  Mosses  from  an  old  Manse, 


CHAPTER   IV 

THE   MINISTRY   OF  THOMAS  BUCKINGHAM,   1694-1731 

Rev.  Thomas  Buckingham,  the  second  pastor  of  the  Second 
Church,  belonged  to  a  family  many  of  whose  members  have 
won  honorable  distinction  in  this  country.  Yale  College 
numbers  eleven  of  them  among  her  alumni,  and  several  have 
graduated  at  other  colleges  in  the  land.  Of  this  family  was 
the  Hon.  William  A.  Buckingham  of  Norwich,  Governor  of 
Connecticut  during  the  trying  years  of  the  Civil  War,  and 
afterwards  United  States  Senator,  whose  name  and  fame  are 
dear  to  all  the  citizens  of  the  commonwealth  which  he  most 
ably  and  nobly  served. 

The  family  name  is  derived  from  the  county  of  Buck- 
ingham, in  England,  the  shire  town  of  which  is  also  Buck- 
ingham. In  1637,  the  Puritan  settler,  Thomas  Buckingham, 
came  to  Boston  in  a  company  that  included  the  merchants 
Eaton  and  Hopkins,  and  the  ministers  Davenport  and  Prud- 
den.  In  1638,  they  went  to  New  Haven.  In  1639,  with  a 
company  having  Mr.  Prudden  for  their  minister,  Mr.  Buck- 
ingham went  to  Milford,  where  he  was  a  pillar  of  the  church 
until  his  death. 

His  eldest  son,  born  in  England  in  1636,  was  Daniel  Buck- 
ingham, afterwards  Sergeant  of  militia  and  Elder  of  the 
church  at  Milford.  This  Elder  Daniel  Buckingham  had  for 
his  second  wife  Mrs.  Alice  Newton,  and  their  eldest  son  was 
Thomas  Buckingham,  afterwards  pastor  of  this  church. 
Rev.  Thomas  Buckingham  of  Saybrook,  a  student  of  Rev. 
Mr.  Whiting,  one  of  the  founders  and  fellows  of  Yale  Col- 
lege, one  of  the  moderators  of  the  Synod  which  framed  the 
Saybrook  platform  in  1708,  and  a  man  of  great  influence  and 
character,   was   the   uncle   of  the   Hartford  minister.     His 


/-ti'-*.  {^■■  ?fc^>'   - 


/t>i     Kv*"-   •> 


,    C      ./Iv,  -r^    ^^^    U^*'^      ^t"-^    '-'■'- -^ 


Ui    .»m./)«-;^'^^     /" 


■   -    •    '  ■'      j>o 


M-' 


FAC-SIMILE  OF  THE  FIRST  PAGE  OF  THE  EARLIEST  EXISTING    RECORD  BOOR 
THE   HANDWRITING  OF   REV.    THOMAS   BUCKINGHAM 


The  Ministry  of  Thomas  Buckifigham  91 

monument  still  stands  in  Old  Saybrook's  burying-ground, 
where  his  first  wife,  Hester  Hosmer,  a  child  of  this  church, 
is  also  buried. 

Rev.  Thomas  Buckingham  was  born  in  Milford,  March 
I,  167 1,  graduated  at  Harvard  in  1690,  and  was  settled  as 
pastor  in  this  church  in  1694.  He  soon  married  Ann  Foster, 
only  child  of  Rev.  Isaac  Foster,  late  pastor  of  the  First 
Church  in  Hartford  (1680-82).  Mr.  Timothy  Woodbridge 
was  then  pastor  of  the  First  Church,  and  these  two  ministers 
labored  side  by  side  in  great  accord  for  nearly  forty  years, 
and  died,  as  it  were,  together,  Mr.  Woodbridge  surviving 
Mr.  Buckingham  only  six  months.  Two  sons  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Buckingham  graduated  at  Yale  College,  but  the  elder, 
Isaac  by  name,  died  in  early  manhood.  Joseph  graduated  in 
1723,  and  was  elected  tutor  in  1725,  but  declined  the  ser- 
vice. He  also  declined  the  call  of  this  church  and  society 
inviting  hiin  to  settle  in  the  ministry  here  as  his  father's 
successor,  and  devoted  himself  to  the  study  and  practice  of 
law  with  eminent  success.  He  was  Judge  of  Probate  for  the 
Hartford  district  from  1741  until  his  death  in  1760,  repre- 
sented the  town  in  many  sessions  of  the  legislature  between 
1735  and  1757,  and  enjoyed  the  respect  and  confidence  of  the 
entire  community.  He  was  the  worthy  son  of  his  honored 
father,  and  seems  to  have  inherited  and  manifested  his 
father's  superior  abilities,  exemplary  piety,  engaging  man- 
ners, and  amiable  virtues.  Of  his  benefaction  to  the  church 
which  had  honored  both  his  father  and  himself,  mention 
will  be  hereafter  made. 

Mr.  Buckingham  entered  upon  his  ministry  here  at  a 
time  of  no  little  depression  and  gloom.  Allusion  has  been 
made  to  Mr.  Whiting's  Election  Sermon,  in  1686-7,  ^^  which 
he  lamented  the  prevailing  declension  both  in  temporal  and 
spiritual  things.  There  was  only  too  good  ground  for  that 
lamentation.  The  new  church-ways  had  not  promoted 
spirituality  in  the  community.  The  Indian  wars  of  1675-77 
had  resulted  in  manifold  demoralization.      Courts  and  coun- 


92  History  of  the  Church 

cils  make  mention  in  their  records  of  a  great  decay  of  god- 
liness, of  laxity  in  morals  and  discipline.  In  16S3,  the  Gen- 
eral Court  deplored  the  solemn  and  speaking  dispensations 
of  God  "  toward  his  poor  wilderness  people  "  for  many  years 
past,  and  spoke  of  the  great  sickness,  mortality,  rains,  and 
floods  of  the  past  year,  as  evidences  of  Providential  judg- 
ments. Fasts  were  proclaimed,  and  many  remedies  pro- 
posed, among  which  it  is  pleasant  to  remark,  "  the  fostering 
of  schools  of  learning."  Mr.  Whiting's  "soaking  repent- 
ance "  and  "  rain  of  righteousness  "  were  evidently  needed. 
The  accession  of  William  and  Mary  to  the  throne  of 
England  in  1689  had  given  the  colonists  political  relief  and 
an  assurance  of  security  in  their  civil  and  religious  freedom, 
but  had  indirectly  brought  about  the  war  with  France, 
known  as  King  William's  War,  by  which  the  colonies  were 
immediately  brought  into  conflict  with  the  Canadian  French 
and  their  Indian  allies.  Great  and  general  alarm  was  felt 
throughout  New  England.  Capt.  Jonathan  Bull  of  Hart- 
ford, and  a  member  of  this  church,  led  his  troops  to  Albany, 
to  aid  in  the  defense  of  that  region,  and  lost  several  officers 
and  men  in  the  Schenectady  massacre  of  February,  1690.  It 
was  ordered  that  a  constant  watch  be  kept  in  all  the  towns, 
and  all  the  men,  except  the  aged  and  infirm,  watched  in  turn. 
Three  years  later.  Col.  Wm.  Whiting,  a  son  of  Rev.  John 
Whiting,  led  forces  into  Massachusetts  to  aid  the  settlers 
there.  There  were  continual  alarms  and  movements  during 
the  war,  which  ended  in  the  peace  of  Ryswick  in  1697.  The 
cessation  of  hostilities  and  miseries  was  of  brief  duration, 
for  in  1702  broke  out  the  war  of  the  Spanish  succession 
known  as  Queen  Anne's  War,  in  which  England  was  arrayed 
against  France  and  Spain,  and  which  for  eleven  years  in- 
volved the  colonies  of  New  England  in  a  struggle  with 
Canada.  These  struggles  were  all  the  fiercer,  because  on 
the  one  side  were  Romanists  and  on  the  other  Protestants. 
Western  Massachusetts  was  the  scene  of  horrible  onslaughts 
in  1704,  and  the  Deerfield  massacre  sent  consternation  into 


The  Ministry  of  Thomas  BucJdiighatn  93 

every  colonial  village  and  household.  Four  hundred  men 
were  summoned  that  year,  in  Connecticut,  to  aid  in  defend- 
ing- the  Northern  frontier.  And  even  after  the  treaty  of 
Utrecht,  in  17 13,  there  were  continual  outbreaks  of  war 
with  the  Indians,  and  scenes  of  carnage  for  more  than  a 
decade. 

In  the  winter  and  spring  of  1696,  an  imusual  religious 
interest  prevailed  in  Hartford.  During  the  months  of  Feb- 
ruary, jNIarch,  and  April  one  hundred  and  ninety-four  per- 
sons "owned  the  covenant"  in  the  First  Church,  "which," 
says  Trumbull,  "  appears  to  have  been  nearly  the  whole 
body  of  young  people  in  the  congregation."  '  The  half-way 
covenant  was  in  free  course. 

"The  ministers,  Mr.  Woodbridge  and  Mr.  Buckingham,  with  their 
deacons,  went  round  among  the  people,  and  warned  them  once  every 
year,  to  come  and  pubhcly  subscribe  or  owm  the  covenant.  When  such 
persons  as  had  owned  or  subscribed  it  came  into  family  state,  they  pre- 
sented their  children  to  baptism,  though  they  made  no  other  profession  of 
religion,  and  neglected  the  Sacrament  of  the  Lord's  Supper  and  other 
duties  peculiar  to  members  in  full  communion."  ' 

In  the  beginning  of  its  practice  this  "  owning  the  cove- 
nant "  was  permitted  to  baptized  persons  in  family  estate 
who  wished  their  children  baptized.  So  soon  it  had  come  to 
be  pressed  upon  young  people,  who  were  drummed  up  and 
urged  to  go  through  a  ceremony  which,  at  best,  had  but  a 
half-way  significance.  It  is  not  strange  that  "  the  number  of 
church  members  in  full  communion  was  generally  small." 
Out  of  the  one  hundred  and  ninety-four  who,  in  the  spring 
of  1696,  owned  the  covenant  in  the  First  Church,  twelve 
were  admitted  to  "  full  communion."  ^  Ten  were  received 
to  the  Second  Church  that  year,  but  how  many  came  "  half- 
way "  is  not  known. 

The  season  that  followed  was  very  severe,  as  appears 
from  the  following  statement: 

"The  year  1697  was  one  of  great  scarcity,  distress,  and  mortality. 
There  was  frost  every  month  of  the  summer,  the  winter  was  severely 
1  Hist,  i:  497.  2  Ibid.,  498.  3  Walker's  Hist.,  p.  249. 


94  History  of  the  Church 

cold  and  very  long,  and  there  was  a  great  cry  for  bread.      Cattle  starved 
in  the  yards,  and  sickness  was  very  prevalent  and  distressing." 

The  settlers  on  the  east  side  of  the  Great  River,  who 
had  hitherto  worshiped  with  the  First  or  Second  Societies, 
petitioned  in  1694  for  the  liberty  of  their  own  church  and 
minister.  The  churches  on  the  west  side  were  reluctant  to 
lose  the  financial  aid  of  the  members  who  lived  across  the 
river,  some  of  whom  were  wealthy.  Several  of  them  be- 
longed to  the  Second  Society,  among  whom  was  Mr.  John 
Crow,  one  the  largest  landholders  in  the  plantation.  Per- 
mission was,  however,  granted  to  the  petitioners,  and  the 
Third  Ecclesiastical  Society  of  Hartford  was  created.  Wor- 
ship was  maintained  for  a  while  under  the  preaching  of  Rev. 
John  Reed,  and,  in  1705,  Rev.  Samuel  Woodbridge  was 
settled  on  a  salary  of  ^60  a  year.  The  minister's  house  and 
^2z^  with  which  to  complete  it  were  given  him  on  condition 
that  he  "continue  with  us  during  his  life,  or  that  it  be  not 
his  fault,  if  he  remove  out  of  the  place." 

The  Fourth  Society  of  Hartford,  in  what  is  now  West 
Hartford,  was  established  in  171 1,  and  the  church  related 
thereto  was  organized  in  17 13,  when  Rev.  Benjamin  Colton 
was  ordained  and  installed  as  pastor.  It  began  with  twenty- 
nine  members.  The  second  pastor  of  this  church  was 
Nathaniel  Hooker,  a  descendant  of  Hartford's  first  minister. 

Rev.  Mr.  Buckingham  served  as  chaplain  in  the  success- 
ful naval  expedition  against  Port  Royal  in  17 10,  and  also  in 
the  unsuccessful  expedition  of  17 11  against  Crown  Point. 
His  pay  was  six  pounds  a  month,  and  the  value  of  his  ser- 
vices was  recognized  by  a  gratuity  of  ten  pounds.  He 
wrote  diaries  during  both  these  campaigns,  which  were 
printed  in  1825,  in  connection  with  Madame  Knight's  Jour- 
nal. They  are  very  meagre,  and  contain  nothing  of  interest 
to  us  except  the  author's  account  of  the  things  he  took  with 
him  from  Hartford  as  an  outfit.^     One  article  is  worthy  of  par- 

1  This  outfit  specifies  several  coats,  broadcloth  and  serge,  a  drugget  jacket,  white 
waistcoat,  serge  and  leather  breeches,  two  shirts,  three  bands,  five  handkerchiefs, 
grey  and  black  stockings,  shoes,  gloves,  ink-horn,  tobacco-box,  and  tongs,  silver 


The  Ministry  of  Thomas  Buckingham  95 

ticular  notice,  "Milton  on  Comus."  This  shows  that  Milton's 
lighter  poems  were  finding  way  into  the  colonies.  In  the 
Port  Royal  expedition  Lieut.  Cyprian  Nichols  was  with  his 
pastor,  and  Col.  Whiting  commanded  the  Connecticut  troops 
in  the  Crown  Point  campaign. 

Two  important  matters  in  which  the  churches  of  Hart- 
ford, in  common  with  all  churches  of  the  colony,  were  deeply 
interested  and  engaged  about  this  time,  must  be  noticed. 
One  of  these  was  the  project  of  founding  a  college  in  Con- 
necticut. Harvard  College  had  thus  far  been  the  resort  of 
young  men  desiring  a  collegiate  education,  and  Connecticut 
had  wisely  refrained  from  withdrawing  its  support  of  that 
institution.  But  in  1698  steps  were  taken  for  the  establish- 
ment of  a  collegiate  school  in  this  jurisdiction.  In  1700  an 
organization  was  effected  consisting  of  eleven  ministers  as 
trustees,  and  a  rector.  A  charter  was  granted  in  1701,  and 
the  trustees  selected  Saybrook  as  the  most  suitable  site  of 
the  new  institution,  and  appointed  Rev.  Mr.  Pierson  of 
Kiliingworth,  as  rector.  Mr.  Pierson  did  not  remove  to 
Saybrook,  and,  after  his  death  in  1707,  some  of  the  students 
were  at  Milford,  under  the  instruction  of  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews, 
the  temporary  rector,  w^hile  others  were  at  vSaybrook,  under 
tutors.  Much  complaint  was  thereafter  made  of  the  incon- 
venience of  Saybrook  as  a  site  for  the  school,  and  also  of  the 
distracted  condition  of  the  school  itself,  and  a  lively  contro- 
versy ensued  concerning  the  removal  and  new  location  of  it. 
In  17x6,  both  the  Hartford  ministers  seem  to  have  been  on 
the  board  of  trustees,  and  they  urged  Hartford  as  the  proper 
place  for  the  college,  petitioning  the  legislature,  and  using 
all  efforts  to  that  end.  The  matter  was  hotly  canvassed,  and 
New  Haven  was  finally  fixed  upon  by  the  trustees.  The 
Hartford  ministers,  supported  by  local  public  sentiment, 
remonstrated,   but   to   no   purpose,  for  the  college   planted 

shoe-buckles,  portmantle  with  lock  and  key,  bottles  of  mint  water,  and  mingled 
rum  and  clove  water,  two  galleypots  with  essence  of  roses,  Bible,  Psalm  Book, 
Milton  on  Comus.  The  price  of  coqoulate  was  two  shillings  and  fourpence  a  pound. 
A  yard  of  calico  cost  four  shillings,  and  a  silk  muslin  handkerchief  about  four  and  a 
half  shillings. 


g6  History  of  the  Church 

itself  in  New  Haven,  and,  in  1718,  a  "  splendid  commence- 
ment "  was  celebrated  there,  made  more  joyful  by  the  re- 
cent donations  of  Elihu  Yale.  A  factious  endeavor  was  for 
a  while  made  to  carry  on  a  collegiate  school  at  Wethersfield, 
in  which  the  Hartford  ministers  were  conspicuously  zealous, 
but  it  soon  came  to  naught.  Rev.  Mr.  Woodbridge  and  Rev. 
Mr.  Buckingham  were  elected  representatives  to  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly  in  17 19,  but  Mr.  Woodbridge  was  not  permitted 
to  take  his  seat  on  account  of  some  disrespect  shown  or 
charges  made  by  him  against  the  court  in  regard  to  the 
Saybrook  matter.  As  Mr.  Buckingham  did  not  take  his 
seat,  he  may  have  been  in  the  same  condemnation.  Both  of 
these  gentlemen  soon  became  warm  supporters  of  the  college 
at  New  Haven,  and  two  of  Mr.  Buckingham's  sons  gradua- 
ted there. 

The  second  matter  was  that  of  establishing  a  new 
ecclesiastical  constitution  for  the  churches  of  the  colony. 
The  leaven  of  Presbyterianism  had  been  for  some  time  ef- 
fectually working  in  the  Congregational  churches,  and  es- 
pecially in  their  ministers,  and  a  distrust  of  the  fundamental 
principles  of  Congregationalism  had  grown  apace  with  con- 
fidence in  synodical  authority  protected  and  empowered  by 
the  authority  of  the  State.  Several  of  the  earlier  ministers 
had  expressed  their  deep  conviction  of  the  necessity  of  some 
form  of  consociation  for  the  local  churches.  As  new  towns 
and  plantations  came  into  existence,  and  distinct  churches 
were  organized  therein,  this  conviction  became  widespread 
and  general  among  the  ministers.  The  population  of  Con- 
necticut at  the  beginning  of  the  eighteenth  century  was 
more  than  20,000,  and  there  were  eleven  churches  in  Hart- 
ford county. 

Some  closer  association  and  co-operation  of  ministers 
and  churches  seemed  desirable,  and  also  some  ecclesiastical 
organization,  to  embrace  them  all  for  their  more  orderly 
government  and  discipline.  Through  the  efforts  of  leading 
ministers,  the    General  Assembly,    in    1708,  was  induced  to 


The  Ministry  of  Thomas  Buckingham  i^i 

express  itself  as  "  sensible  of  the  defects  of  the  discipline  of 
the  chiirches  of  this  government,"  and,  finally,  to  ordain  and 
require  the  ministers  and  messengers  of  each  county  town 
to  assemble  for  the  consideration  of  "  methods  and  rules  for 
the  management  of  ecclesiastical  discipline,"  and  to  appoint 
delegates  to  meet  at  Saybrook,  who  should  draw  up  a  result 
to  be  reported  to  the  General  Assembly  at  its  October  ses- 
sion. These  initiative  steps  would  seem  to  have  been  taken 
in  utter  disregard  of  the  original  principles  of  Congrega- 
tionalism. It  was  not  the  churches,  but  a  few  of  their  minis- 
ters who  first  moved  the  legislature  to  act  in  the  matter. 
The  preliminary  assembly  or  caucus  of  ministers  and  mes- 
sengers was  ordered  by  the  State,  and  the  result  of  their 
deliberations  was  to  be  reported,  not  to  the  churches,  but  to 
the  legislature. 

The  synod  thus  ordained  and  directed  by  legislative 
enactment,  met  at  Saybrook,  September  20,  1708,  and  was 
composed  of  twelve  ministers  and  four  laymen.  Of  the 
ininisters,  nine  were  trustees  of  Yale  College.  One  of  the 
lay-members  was  deacon  William  Parker  of  Saybrook,  son 
of  Williain  Parker  who  was  an  original  Proprietor  of  Hart- 
ford, and  afterwards  of  Saybrook.' 

The  "  result  "  of  this  Saybrook  Synod  may  be  briefly 
stated.  It  w^as  three-fold:  ist,  the  substantial  adoption  of 
the  Savoy  Confession  of  Faith  ;  2d,  the  adoption  of  certain 
"  Heads  of  Agreement,"  designed  to  be,  as  Dr.  Bacon  well 
says,  "  in  some  sort,  and  to  some  extent,  a  compromise  with 
Presbyterian  principles  "  ;^  3d,  a  formulation  of  fifteen  origi- 
nal "  Articles  of  Discipline,"  which  provided  the  consociational 

1  Of  this  Deacon  William  Parker,  Dr.  Leonard  Bacon  could  find  no  other  men- 
tion. As  a  direct  descendant  of  his  father,  the  writer  may  be  permitted  to  add  that 
Deacon  William  Parker  was  born  in  Hartford  in  1645,  and  for  many  years  was  one  of 
the  most  prominent  and  active  citizens  of  Saybrook.  He  was  Sergeant  of  the  Train 
Band  as  early  as  1672,  Deacon  of  the  church  from  1687  till  his  death  in  1775,  ard  repre- 
sented his  town  as  Deputy  in  the  General  Court  in  more  sessions  than  any  other  per- 
son, excepting  only  Robert  Chapman.  Both  he  and  his  wife,  Lydia,  were  buried  in 
the  old  graveyard  at  Saybrook,  where  their  tombstones  may  still  be  seen,  and  the 
inscriptions  thereon  may  be  read. 

2  Cont.  to  Ecc.  Hist,  of  Conn.,  page  37. 

7 


gS  Histoi-y  of  the  Church 

system,  tinder  which  Connecticut  Congregationalism  thence- 
forth, for  more  than  a  century,  was  administered  and  de- 
veloped in  forms  peculiar  to  itself. 

The  system  was  an  ingenious  and  effective  one.  It  had 
elements  of  strength,  as  many  churches  discovered,  to  their 
sorrow.  It  admirably  answered  the  ends  of  those  who 
wanted  a  strong  government  over  the  churches,  and  were 
less  jealous  of  the  rights  and  liberties  of  the  "  little  local 
democracies "  than  were  the    fathers  who  planted  them. 

The  churches  and  pastors  of  each  county  were  to  con- 
stitute one  consociation  (or  more  if  thought  best)  for  mutual 
assistance;  as  might  be  requisite,  in  all  matters  ecclesiastical. 
Each  one  of  these  county  or  district  consociations  was  to  be 
a  permanent  ecclesiastical  court  or  council  for  that  neighbor- 
hood of  churches. 

The  pastors  of  each  county  should  form  one  association 
(or  more  if  thought  best)  for  mutual  consultation,  and  for 
other  ministerial  considerations  and  duties. 

It  was  recommended  that  a  General  Association,  com- 
posed of  delegates  from  the  local  associations,  should  meet 
once  a  year,  first  at  Hartford,  and  thereafter  in  the  other 
counties  successively. 

Thus  the  ministers  were  grouped  in  coimty  associations, 
and  these  associations  were  to  be  the  constituent  members  of 
an  annual  General  Association.  The  churches  and  their 
pastors  were  grouped  in  county  consociations,  for  purposes, 
chiefly,  of  ecclesiastical  discipline. 

This  scheme  was  presented  to  the  legislature  (not  to  the 
churches)  and  approved  by  it.  And  the  legislature  was 
pleased  to  order  and  enact  "  that  all  the  churches  within  this 
government  that  are  or  shall  be  thus  united  in  doctrine, 
worship,  and  discipline,  be,  and  for  the  future  shall  be  owned  and 
acknowledged  established  by  hnu."  ^ 

But  the  ordinance  provided  that  "nothing  herein  shall 
be  intended  and  construed  to  hinder  or  prevent  any  society 
or  church  that  is  or  shall  be  allowed  by  the  laws  of  this 

1  Col.  Records,  5:  87. 


The  Ministry  of  TJiomas  Buckingham  99 

government,  who  soberly  differ  or  dissent  from  the  imited 
churches  hereby  established,  from  exercising  worship  and 
discipline  in  their  own  way,"  etc.  How  this  latter  clause 
was  subsequently  set  aside  will  presently  be  shown.  Thus 
consociated  Congregationalism  became  the  established  church 
of  Connecticut,  "  owned  and  acknowledged  by  law,"  with  the 
Savoy  Confession  for  a  creed,  and  the  Saybrook  Platform  for 
a  constitution.  So  it  remained  iintil  1784,  when  the  legal 
support  of  it  was  withdrawn,  but  for  many  years  after  the 
system  held  in  force,  and  was  the  "  standing  order."  The 
Second  Church  of  Hartford  was  in  consociation  bonds  till 
after  the  year  i860.  This  system  worked  well  and  ill.  It 
powerfull}'"  promoted,  as  Dr.  Bacon  has  said,  "  the  association 
of  pastors  for  professional  fellowship  and  mutual  co-opera- 
tion, and  the  friendly  confederation  of  churches."  The  minis- 
terial associations  survive  and  flourish.  The  consociations 
have,  for  the  most  part,  been  condemned  and  abandoned, 
and  District  and  State  Conferences  have  taken  their  place, 
though  not  their  disciplinary  duties.'  There  was  some- 
thing in  the  whole  system  that  was  at  variance  with  the 
genius  and  common  law  of  Congregationalism.  It  was  com- 
pulsory at  the  start,  providing  that  the  ministers  of  each 
county  town  shall  appoint  a  time  and  place  for  the  churches 
to  assemble,  /;/  oi-der  to  form  themselves  into  consociations. 
Many  of  the  churches  disliked  and  distrusted  this  action 
from  the  first,  but  could  only  feebly  protest.  There  might 
have  been  less  trouble  had  the  administration  of  this  system 
always  been  in  the  hands  of  men  sanctified  from  all  ambition 
and  obstinacy,  or  if  all  the  churches  and  ministers  had  been 
tamely  content  to  surrender  those  Congregational  rights  and 
liberties  which  are  anterior  to  civil  and  synodical  legislation, 
and  submit  to  be  governed  in  silence.  But  there  were  anti- 
Congregational  men  in  those  days,  not  as  yet  wholly  sancti- 
fied, in  whose  hands  the  new  system  worked  oppressively. 
And  there  were  many  on  the  other  hand  to  whom  this  estab- 

1  The  following  consociations  still  survive  :  Fairfield  East,  Fairfield  West,  Litch- 
field South,  and  New  Haven  East. 


ICO  History  of  the  Church 

lishment  of  each  county  as  an  ecclesiastical  district,  and  of 
the  consociation  as  the  standing  court  therein,  savored  far 
more  of  Presbyterianism  than  of  Congregationalism.  But 
these  met  with  little  syinpathy  or  toleration.  Behind  the 
courts  of  the  Saybrook  Platform  was  the  General  Assembly 
of  Connecticut.  It  was  the  old  contention  of  Mr.  Stone  and 
the  withdrawers  of  1658,  in  a  new  form.  It  was  the  old 
struggle  between  a  church  established  by  law  and  Separate 
churches,  and  while  Baptists  and  Episcopalians  might  find 
shelter  under  toleration  acts,  these  Congregational  Separatists 
were  not  permitted  even  that  privilege.  The  sad  history  of 
the  Separate  churches  of  Connecticut  during  the  years 
ensuing,  and  particularly  those  of  Windham  County,  show 
that  while  the  Saybrook  system  may  have  furnished  a 
remedy  for  many  irregularities  and  evils,  it  became  also,  in 
the  hands  of  the  unwise,  a  prolific  source  of  many  protracted 
dissensions,  and  of  many  grevious  injustices.  It  completely 
broke  down  at  last,  when  the  church  of  which  Horace  Bush- 
nell  was  pastor  withdrew  from  all  connection  with  the  North 
consociation  of  Hartford,  and  so  blocked  the  game  of  those 
who,  as  a  last  resort,  would  have  used  the  rusty  machinery  of 
that  court  for  his  condemnation. 

In  accordance  with  the  15th  article  of  the  Saybrook 
Platform,  the  General  Association  of  Connecticut  held  its 
first  ineeting  at  Hartford  on  Election  Day,  1709,  and  has 
held  annual  meetings  ever  since,  to  the  present  time. 

In  accordance  with  the  2d  article,  the  thirteen  churches 
of  Hartford  County  met  by  pastors  and  delegates,  February 
I.,  1709,  at  Hartford,  and  formed  two  consociations,  and  two 
ministerial  associations,  the  Hartford  North  and  the  Hart- 
ford South.  Under  the  new  order  of  things  strenuous 
efforts  began  to  be  made  for  religious  improvement. 

In  171 1,  the  Hartford  North  Association  passed  several 
resolutions  in  view  of  the  alarming  declension  in  morals  and 
religion.  Among  the  recoinmendations  made  by  them,  the 
chief  one  seems  to  have  been  that  of  "  owning  the  covenant." 


The  Ministry  of  TJwmas  Buckingham  loi 

The  resolutions  of  the  association  were  read  in  this  church, 
and  proposed  to  the  people  December  30,  171 1.*  A  day  of 
fasting  and  prayer  ensued,  and  the  usual  method  was  taken, 
]\Iore  than  one  hundred  persons  came  forward  and  "  owned 
the  covenant,"  and  went  their  way.  Thirteen  persons  were 
received  into  full  communion  in  that  season  of  so-called 
revival. 

In  the  year  17 15,  the  churches  of  the  colony  reported  a 
great  scarcity  of  Bibles,  much  neglect  of  worship,  of  cate- 
chising, and  of  domestic  discipline,  and  a  prevalence  of  man- 
ifold evils,  whereupon  vigorous  measures  for  reformation 
were  adopted  by  the  legislature,  among  which  was  one  for 
better  enforcement  of  the  law  against  "unseasonable  meet- 
ings of  young  people  in  the  evening  after  the  Sabbath  days 
and  other  times."  The  young  people  were  the  occasion 
of  no  little  concern  and  trial. 

Mr.  Buckingham  preached  the  Election  Sermon,  May  9, 
1728.  It  was  entitled  "  Moses  and  Aaron,"  and  the  subject 
was  "  God's  favour  to  his  Chosen  People  in  leading  them  by 
the  ministr}^  of  civil  and  ecclesiastical  Rulers."  It  was  a 
favorite  topic  with  the  ministers,  and  the  language  should  be 
noted,  ''civil  and  ecclesiastical  Riders!''  That  bears  the  im- 
press of  the  Saybrook  Synod.  It  was  universally  understood 
in  those  days,  says  Dr.  Bacon,  pithily,  "  that  Moses  and 
Aaron  were  to  embrace  each  other  in  the  mount ;  that 
Christian  magistrates  were  to  care  for  the  peace  and 
purity  of  the  churches." 

But  a  perusal  of  the  sermon  convinces  one  that  Mr. 
Buckingham  was  a  man  of  moderate  views,  of  quiet  thought- 
fulness,  and  of  a  graceful  and  flowing  style  of  discourse.  In 
one  passage  which  comes  near  to  eloquence,  he  traces  the 
analogy  between  God's  conduct  of  the  Israelites  of  old,  and 
his  providence  in  leading  hither  the  Puritan  fathers. 

On  the  29th  of  October,  1727,  New  England  had  been 
visited  by  a  great  earthquake.     It  is  referred  to  in  Dr.  Trum- 

1  Dr.  Trumbull  refers  in  this  connection  to  the  "Records  of  the  South  Church  in 
Hartford."    Hist.,  vol.  2:  18,  19.    The  records  have  vanished. 


I02  History  of  the  Church  , 

bull's  History,  as  the  time  "  when  the  Almighty  arose  and 
shook  the  earth  through  this  continent."  Many  were 
alarmed,  "  and  there  was  a  greater  resort  to  ministers  and 
the  House  of  God,"  and  great  numbers  were  added  to  the 
Church.  Mr.  Buckingham  failed  not  to  "improve"  this 
event,  and  other  kindred  phenomena,  in  his  sermon.  He 
spoke  of  "  universal  illumination  of  the  heavens,  by  re- 
peated and  almost  continual  flashes  of  lightning,  with  dread- 
ful peals  of  thunder  attending,"  of  "  scorching  heat  and 
drought  of  summer,  pinching  cold  and  length  of  winter,"  and 
of  "  strong  winds  and  tempests,"  and  finally,  of  "  the  groan- 
ing and  trembling  of  the  earth  under  our  feet."  And  all  this 
litany-measure  of  external  visitations  loudly  called  for  re- 
pentance. 

But  one  passage  deserves  to  be  quoted  : 

"  And  have  you  not  seen  some  entering  into  the  folds,  not  sparing  the 
flock  ?  who  came  in  privily  to  spy  out  their  liberty  and  to  bring  them  into 
bondage  ?  And  have  you  not  heard  some  who  have  risen  up  among 
you,  speaking  perverse  things,  blaspheming  the  constitution  and  order  of 
your  churches,  denying  the  vaHdity  of  3'our  ordinations,  and  condemning 
your  ministerial  acts  as  so  many  usurpations?  who  unchurcli  the  best  and 
greatest  part  of  Christians,  and  leave  you  with  the  best  part  of  your 
flocks  to  uncovenanted  mercies  merely  for  the  sake  of  non-agreement  with 
them  in  a  few  unscriptural  rites  and  notions  ?  .  .  .  Let  then  the  mis- 
guided Heat  and  Bigotry  that  compass  sea  and  land  to  make  proselytes 
to  new,  narrow,  and  church-dividing  principles,  prevail  with  you  to  take 
heed  to  yourselves  and  to  your  flocks.  .  .  Especially,  considering  the 
spirit  of  Giddiness  that  is  abroad,  .  .  and  the  readiness  of  some  to  put 
their  necks  under  a  yoke  which  their  fathers  could  not  bear." 

This  has  the  ring  of  a  real  agitation.  The  allusions  are 
unmistakable.  For  many  years  there  had  been  Church  of 
England  people  in  Stratford.  In  1723,  an  Episcopalian 
Church  was  founded  there,  the  result  of  missionary  labors. 
In  1 7 13,  the  trustees  of  the  Collegiate  School  had  appointed 
Rev.  Timothy  Cutler  as  resident  rector.  He  was  a  man  of 
excellent  learning  and  character.  But,  at  the  commence- 
ment in  1722,  it  was  discovered  that  the  rector  and  Mr. 
Brown,   a  tutor,  had  embraced   Episcopacy,  and  that  they, 


The  Ministry  of   Tlioinas  Biickiiig/iam  103 

with  two  neighboring-  ministers,  Samuel  Johnson  of  West 
Haven  and  James  Wetmore  of  North  Haven,  were  contem- 
plating a  voyage  to  England  to  obtain  Episcopal  ordination. 
The  rector  and  tutor  were  soon  excused  from  further  ser- 
vices in  the  college,  and  the  trustees  passed  a  vote  requiring 
all  future  rectors  or  tutors  to  publicly  assent  to  the  Saybrook 
Creed,  and  give  satisfaction  of  their  soundness  of  faith  "in 
opposition  to  Arminian  and  prclatical  corruptions,"  etc.  The 
new  converts  to  Episcopacy  proceeded  to  England  and  re- 
ceived holy  orders,  and  the  Rev.  Samuel  Johnson,  having 
returned  to  this  country,  was  stationed  for  service  in  Strat- 
ford, about  four  years  before  Mr.  Buckingham's  Election 
Sermon.  It  is  said  that  several  other  ministers  of  considera- 
ble character,  were  seriously  meditating  a  declaration  for 
Episcopacy,  and  were  hopeful  of  carrying  their  congrega- 
tions with  them.  And  the  passage  quoted  from  Mr.  Buck- 
ingham's discourse  seems  to  confirm  this  report.' 

In  1727  an  effort  was  made  to  reunite  the  two  Hartford 
churches.  The  First  Church  was  about  to  build  a  new 
house  of  worship,  and  the  small  and  uncouth  sanctuary  of 
the  Second  Church  needed  to  be  replaced  by  some  better 
building.  At  a  meeting  of  the  First  Society  in  January, 
1727,  to  consider  of  building  a  new  meeting-house,  it  was 
voted: 

"  As  it  would  be  more  for  the  honor,  comfort,  union,  and  ease  of  the 
town,  and  for  the  more  easy  and  honorable  support  of  the  ministry 
amongst  us,  that  one  meeting-house  may  be  built  for  the  meeting  of  all 
the  people  that  belong  to  the  two  societies,  .  .  .  that  his  Honor  the 
Governor,  Capt.  Hezekiah  Wyllis,  Capt.  John  Sheldon,  and  Dea.  Thomas 
Richards  be  a  committee  from  this  society  to  propose  the  premises  to  our 
friends  of  the  new  church,  and  endeavor  that  a  meeting  of  said  society  may 
be  gained  to  see  if  they  are  of  our  mind,  and  whether  they  will  join  with 
us  to  build  a  house  for  the  public  worship  of  God,  and  unite  into  one 
society."' 

The  "  new  church  "  were  not  willing,  and  after  a  pro- 
tracted controversy  between  "those  of  the  North  side"  and 

1  Trumbull's  Hist.,  2:  33. 

2  C.  J.  Hoadly  in  Hartford  Courant,  Jan.  18,  1868. 


I04  History  of  the  Church 

"those  of  the  "South  side,"  within  the  First  Society,  as  to 
where  their  new  sanctuary  should  be  located,  it  was  finally 
decided  to  build  "  on  the  southeast  corner  of  the  burying 
lot,"  and  there,  in  1737,  the  "brick  meeting'-house "  was 
erected,  where  the  present  house  of  worship  stands. 

The  bell  which  hung  in  the  turret  of  the  old  meeting- 
house,—  the  "Town  Bell,"  as  it  is  described, —  and  which  was 
■used,  as  has  been  stated,  for  both  religious  and  secular  pur- 
poses, was  broken  in  1725.  The  First  Society  appointed  Mr. 
John  EdAvards,  at  the  charge  of  the  society,  to  purchase  some 
suitable  red  bunting  for  a  flag  to  be  set  up  on  the  State  House, 
to  direct  for  meeting  upon  public  worship.  A  joint  commit- 
tee consisting  of  members  of  both  the  societies  was  ap- 
pointed to  consider  what  should  be  done  with  the  bell, 
whether  to  send  it  home  to  England,  or  to  have  it  new  cast 
in  New  England.  It  was  sent  to  England,  and  a  rate  of  ^100 
levied  to  pay  expenses.  When  the  new  meeting-house  of 
the  First  Society  was  erected  in  1737,  the  Second  Society 
was  asked  to  share  the  expense  of  building  the  steeple  in 
which  to  hang  the  common  bell. 

The  Second  Church  must  have  been  more  or  less  agita- 
ted by  the  warm  discussions  concerning  the  improvement  of 
church  music,  that  prevailed  throughout  New  England  from 
about  the  year  1724,  and  in  which  the  minister  of  the  First 
Church  is  known  to  have  taken  a  lively  interest. 

The  Puritan  settlers  in  this  country  brought  their  Psalm- 
books  with  them,  for,  next  to  the  Bible,  the  Psalm-book  was 
most  precious.  Ainsworth's  version  was  used,  and  also 
Sternhold  and  Hopkins's,  both  of  which  had  times,  the 
former  having  forty-four  tunes.  The  Bay  Psalm-book, 
1640,  contained  no  tunes  until  the  edition  of  1698  was 
issued.  The  cultivation  of  music  was  almost  totally  neg- 
lected, and  it  gradually  came  to  pass  that  in  most  of  the 
churches  the  Psalm  was  "  lined  out  "  and  sung  to  one  of  a 
few  times  that  were  traditionally  preserved.  These  tunes, 
as  has  been  noted  in  a  previous  chapter,  became  so  varied 


The  Ministry  of  Thomas  Buckingham  105 

by  different  ]ocal  tise,  that  no  two  churches  sang  them 
alike. 

Few  congregations  could  sing  more  than  the  five  tunes, 
known  by  the  names  of  York,  Hackney,  Windsor,  St.  Mary's, 
and  Martyrs.  Many  clergymen  strove,  but  vainly,  for  im- 
provement. In  the  latter  part  of  the  seventeenth  century 
great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  getting  the  Psalm  sung  at 
all,  for  total  lack  of  skill.  There  was  great  "  indecency  "  in 
that  part  of  worship.  Many  congregations  were  compelled 
to  omit  singing  altogether.  This  dull  and  doleful  state  of 
things  continued,  with  little  improvement  here  and  there, 
well  into  the  eighteenth  centur}^,  notwithstanding  the  Bay 
Psalm-book  of  169S,  which  introduced  several  of  Playford's 
two-part  psalm  tunes.  Rev.  John  Tufts  of  Newbury  issued 
a  collection  of  some  thirty  three-part  tunes  taken  from  Play- 
ford's  "  Book  of  Psalms,"  but  substituted  letters  for  notes, 
and  Thomas  Walter  published  in  172 1  a  new  singing-book, 
the  tunes  of  which  were  also  copied  from  Playford,  with  an 
introduction  in  which  the  new  way  of  singing  by  note  was 
earnestly  advocated.  These  innovations  were  stoutly  re- 
sisted and  reprobated  by  the  churches,  although,  to  their 
credit,  the  ministers  generally  advocated  and  urged  them. 
The  contentions  which  arose  out  of  this  endeavor  to  improve 
music  in  worship  were  painful  and  amusing.'  But  the  im- 
provement went  on.  Ministers  labored  for  it,  singing- 
schools  were  organized,  new  books  were  published,  and 
gradually  "  singing  by  rule,"  in  the  use  of  selected  tunV,s, 
gained  ground  and  became  established.  Rev.  Mr.  Wood- 
bridge,  of  Hartford  First  Church,  diligently  endeavored  to 
promote  this  reformation,  but  it  was  not  until  after  his 
death  that  his  church,  about  the  year  1734,  admitted  the  new 
way  of  singing.  Mr.  Buckingham  was  probably  exercised  in 
a  similar  manner  in  the  Second  Church,  but  with  what  suc- 
cess does  not  appear. 

Rev.  Mr.  Buckingham  rested  from  his  labors  in  the  year 

1  See  Ritter's  "Music  in  America,"  for  a  sketch  of  the  matter. 


io6  Htsiory  of  the  Church 

1 73 1,  having-  been  pastor  of  this  church  for  thirty-seven 
years.  He  began  his  ministry  here  during  the  reign  of 
WilHam  and  Mary,  continued  it  through  the  successive 
reigns  of  Queen  Anne  and  George  1,  and  ended  it  in  the 
fifth  year  of  the  reign  of  George  II.  Quotations  from  the 
London  Gazette,  in  his  diary  of  1710,  concerning  affairs  in 
Eastern  Europe,  show  that  the  dwellers  on  the  Connecticut 
river  were  neither  ignorant  nor  unmindful  of  events  abroad. 
The  policy  of  statesmen  like  St.  John  and  Walpole,  and  the 
brilliant  campaigns  and  victories  of  Marlborough  were  doubt- 
less discussed  in  Hartford.  Were  the  wits  of  Queen  Anne's 
reign  also  discussed  ?  Were  Prior,  Pope,  Addison,  Steele, 
Defoe,  and  vSwift  known  here  except  by  name  ?  There  is 
little  to  show  that  their  writings  were  read  by  the  colonists. 
That  epoch  was  a  sterile  one,  as  respects  literature  in  New 
England. 

Mr.  Buckingham  had  his  "  Milton  on  Comus,"  in  1711, 
and  a  few  educated  men  like  him  may  have  had  other  books 
of  that  sort;  but,  in  general,  very  little  was  thought  of  the 
advancement  of  literature  and  improvement  in  arts  and 
sciences  in  the  colonies.  But  there  was  progress  during  that 
period, —  progress  of  colonization  by  the  rapid  increase  of 
the  descendants  of  the  original  settlers,  progress  of  industry 
notwithstanding  the  repressive  policy  of  the  home  govern- 
ment, progress  of  education  and  civilization.  Everywhere 
new  towns  were  springing  up,  and  new  schools  and  churches 
were  planted.  The  newspaper  made  its  appearance  in  Boston 
in  1704, —  most  notable  appearance,  too!  That  small,  insig- 
nificant Boston  News  Letter  was  as  the  stripling  David  to  the 
Philistine  Goliath  of  priestcraft.  Another  paper  appeared  in 
Boston  in  17 19,  and  soon  others  elsewhere.  And,  in  1721,  a 
boy  of  fifteen  was  at  work  on  his  brother's  paper,  the  New 
England  Courant,  after  a  free  fashion  that  made  Mr.  Increase 
Mather  indignant!  The  boy's  name  was  Benjamin  Franklin, 
playing  with  the  theological  lightning  there  in  Boston ! 
Significant  enough,  that  advent  of  Benjamin  Franklin. 


The  Ministry  of  TJiomas  Buckingham  107 

There  was  progress  here  in  Hartford  County  during 
those  years,  though  the  burden  of  wars  had  been  heavy. 
The  creation  of  a  Superior  Court  in  17 11,  with  one  judge 
and  four  associate  judges,  and  the  appearance  of  prosecuting 
attorneys,  and  of  such  Lawyers  as  Richard  Edwards  (grand- 
father of  Jonathan),  John  Wadsworth,  Thomas  Wells,  and 
Roger  Wolcott,  show  a  more  enlightened  and  efficient  ad- 
ministration of  law. 

Dr.  Jonathan  Bull,  who  began  the  practice  of  medicine 
in  this  town  in  1722,  had  eminent  standing  in  a  profession 
which  was  then  beginning  to  acquire  distinction.  In  1698, 
the  forward  step  was  taken  by  which  the  General  Court  was 
divided  into  two  distinct  houses,  each  having  its  own  pre- 
siding officer.  Henceforth  it  became  known  as  the  General 
Assembly,  and  confined  its  action  more  closely  within  the 
proper  limits  of  legislation. 

In  1 7 19  a  State  House  was  erected.  The  General  As- 
sembly had  previously  held  its  sessions  in  "  the  court 
chamber  in  the  first  meeting-house  in  Hartford."  There 
was  building  of  bridges  and  some  road-making.  There 
was  marked  improvement  here  and  there  in  the  style  of 
private  dwellings.  The  dress  of  the  people  was  changed  for 
the  better  in  style  and  quality.  Better  furniture  was  to  be 
found  in  houses,  and  more  conveniences  for  the  housekeeper. 
In  17 15  the  western  post  left  Boston  for  Connecticut  and 
New  York  once  every  fortnight  in  winter.  Regular  commu- 
cation  between  Hartford  and  New  Haven  was  attempted  in 
1 71 7,  Capt.  Munson  having  the  exclusive  privilege  of  trans- 
porting goods  and  passengers  for  a  term  of  seven  years.  He 
was  announced  to  start  from  New  Haven  on  the  first  Mon- 
day of  each  month,  except  December,  January,  February, 
and  March.' 

But,  at  best,  the  town  then  was  small  and  in  rude  con- 
dition. In  1756,  the  entire  population  of  Hartford,  including 
those  living  on  the  east  side  of  the  Great  River,  was  only 

iMem.  Hist.  Hartford  County,  vol.  i:  303. 


io8  History  of  the  Church 

about  3,000,  and  five  years  later  tlie  population  was  estimated 
at  about  4,000,  of  which  number  1,588  lived  in  what  is  now 
East  Hartford.  There  were  probably  not  1,500  people  in  the 
village  at  the  time  of  Mr.  Buckingham's  death. 

The  private  journal  of  Madame  Knight,  on  her  journey 
from  Boston  to  New  York  in  1704,  gives  one  glimpses  into  the 
condition  of  things  at  that  time.  Her  route  was  by  Dedham, 
"  Billings,"  and  Providence  Ferry  to  the  Narragansett  coun- 
tr}^;  thence  to  Kingston,  Stonington,  New  London,  Saybrook, 
Killingworth,  and  New  Haven.  From  New  Haven  she  went 
by  way  of  Stratford  Ferry,  Fairfield,  Norwalk,  Rye,  and  New 
Rochelle,  to  New  York.  Returning,  her  route  to  New 
Haven  included  Stamford  and  Milford.  There  is  no  men- 
tion of  any  kind  of  wagon  or  cart.  The  journey  was  made 
on  horseback.  Guides  were  recpiired  from  post  to  post.  The 
ways  were  extremely  rough,  and  often  wound  through  dense 
thickets.  Along  these  ways,  at  considerable  intervals,  were 
rude  huts  in  which  one  might  find  wretched  lodgings  and 
worse  fare,  and  now  and  then  an  ordinary,  with  poor  accom- 
modations. The  people  in  these  places,  and  in  the  outlying 
settlements,  were  poverty-stricken  and  boorish.  The  numer- 
ous intervening  rivers  were  forded,  ferried,  or  crossed  in 
canoes.  At  Stamford  there  was  a  rickety  bridge,  and 
Madame  reached  Norwalk  by  creeping  over  the  timbers  of  a 
broken  bridge. 

Frequently  she  was  in  considerable  peril  of  swollen 
streams  and  rivers.  In  places  like  Stonington,  Killingworth, 
Fairfield,  and  New  Rochelle,  comfortable  and  clean  enter- 
tainment was  found.  In  New  London,  as  the  guest 
of  Rev.  Mr.  Saltonstall,  and  in  New  Haven  with  friends 
there,  she  enjoyed  a  genuine  hospitality.  She  tarried  for 
several  weeks  in  New  Haven,  and  observed  the  manners  and 
customs  of  the  people  there.  Lecture  days  and  training- 
days  were  occasions  of  diversion.  The  victors  at  target- 
shooting  were  decorated  with  long  red  ribands  in  their  hat- 
bands, and  led  away  in  triumph.     "  The  chief  Red  Letter 


The  Alinistry  of  Thomas  B  licking  ha  in  109 

Day  is  St.  Election"!  The  common  people  were  too  familiar 
with  their  slaves,  sitting  at  meat  with  them.  The  Indians 
were  more  "  salvage  "  than  she  had  elsewhere  seen.  They 
had  an  easy  way  of  divorce,  by  simply  saying  to  their 
spouses  "stand  away,"  and  the  journal  records,  "these  stand 
atcajs  are  too  much  in  vogue  among  the  English  in  this 
indulgent  colony."  A  curious  wedding  custom  is  reported: 
"Just  before  joining  hands,  the  Bridegroom  quits  the  place 
and  is  pursued  by  the  Bridesmen,  who  drag  him  back  to  duty, 
which  is  the  reverse  of  a  former  practice  among  us,  to  steal 
the  bride."  A  very  intricate  way  of  petty  trade  is  described, 
which  doubtless  obtained  elsewhere.  Customers  purchased 
goods  for  J^aj,  or  for  J^aj  as  money,  or  for  money,  or  for  trusf. 

Pay  was  grain,  pork,  beef,  etc.,  at  prices  fixed  for  the 
year  by  the  General  Court. 

Pay  as  Mojiey  was  produce  as  aforesaid,  one-third  cheaper 
than  the  legal  rate. 

Money  was  silver  coin  and  also  wampum. 

An  article  worth  sixpence  in  money,  was  worth  eight- 
pence  \\\  pay  as  money,  and  tvvelvepence  iw  pay.  Trust,  was  as 
the  parties  may  agree. 

The  people  in  New  Haven,  as  elsewhere  throughout 
the  colony,  were  very  plain  in  dress,  and,  though  naturally 
witty  enough,  comparatively  uncultivated  in  manners.  This 
journal  describes  a  country  of  wilderness  aspect,  without 
roads  or  bridges,  dotted  here  and  there  with  the  cabins  of  poor, 
hardy,  and  industrious  settlers,  and  marked,  at  long  intervals, 
with  small,  isolated,  and  thrifty  hamlets.  In  these  villages, 
especially  in  the  older  ones,  were  a  few  people  of  quality  and 
some  wealth, —  the  aristocracy, —  who  possessed  good  houses 
and  were  characterized  by  no  little  culture.  But  the  people 
generally  were  poor  and  frontier-like  in  their  accommoda- 
tions and  habits.  The  whole  country  lying  inland  and  re- 
mote from  either  Boston  and  New  York,  was  a  sparsely  set- 
tled wilderness,  whose  villages  and  villagers  wore  an  aspect 
in  general  of   nearly  primeval   rawness  and  rusticity.      In 


no  History  of  the  Church 

many  cases  the  descendants  of  the  first  settlers,  in  the  second 
and  third  generations,  were  degenerate  in  respect  of  educa- 
tion, morals,  manners,  and  modes  of  living.  But  this  de- 
generacy was  incidental  and  temporary.  It  was  rather  the 
superficial  aspect  of  a  people  who,  as  they  rapidly  increased, 
were  spreading  themselves  out  on  every  hand,  over  new 
territory  with  scanty  means  for  its  subjugation  and  settle- 
ment. The  sturdy  Puritan  stuff  was  in  them  yet,  and  the 
fruits  of  their  hardihood  were,  in  due  time,  to  appear. 
Sad  and  simple  toilers  they  were,  who  went  forth  into  the 
wilderness,  sowing  precious  seed  with  tears,  whose  children 
and  children's  children  came  again  with  songs,  bringing 
their  sheaves  with  them. 


Tinai^ayi  l/JAl^i(i 


n 


CHAPTER  V 

THE  MINISTRY  OF  REV.  ELNATHAN  WHITMAN,   1733  — 1737 

Rev.  Elnathan  Whitman,  the  third  pastor  of  the  Second 
Church  in  Hartford,  was  the  grandson  of  Rev.  Zechariah 
Whitman  of  Hull,  Mass.,  and  the  eldest  child  of  Rev. 
Samuel  Whitman  of  Farmington,  Conn.,  and  Sarah,  daugh- 
ter of  Rev.  Solomon  Stoddard  of  Northampton.  He  was 
first  cousin  of  Rev.  Jonathan  Edwards,  whose  mother  was 
also  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Stoddard.  Samuel  Whitman  was  one 
of  the  most  eminent  and  influential  ininisters  in  Connecticut. 
He  graduated  from  Harvard  in  1696,  and  was  settled  in 
Farmington  in  1706,  where  he  lived  and  labored  for  nearly 
forty  years.  He  was  a  trustee  of  Yale  College  from  1724  to 
1746.  His  son,  Elnathan,  was  born  in  Farmington,  Jan.  12, 
1708-9,  and  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1726,  where  he 
served  as  tutor  for  four  years,  from  Septeinber,  1728. 

As  the  two  late  pastors  of  the  Hartford  churches  died  at 
about  the  same  time,  so  their  successors  were  almost  simul- 
taneously settled.  Rev.  Daniel  Wadsworth  was  installed  in 
the  First  Church,  Sept.  28,  1732,  at  the  age  of  twenty-eight, 
and  Rev.  Elnathan  Whitman  in  the  Second  Church,  Novem- 
ber 29th  of  the  same  year,  at  the  age  of  twenty-three.  Both 
were  born  and  bred  in  Farmington,  and  they  were  class- 
mates in  Yale  College. 

Mr.  Whitman's  ordination  sermon  was  preached  by  Rev. 
Jonathan  Marsh  of  Windsor.  His  father  had,  a  month  pre- 
vious, preached  at  the  ordination  of  ]Mr.  Wadsworth.  Mr. 
Whitman  was  a  Trustee  of  Yale  College  from  1748  until 
his  resignation  in  1774,  when  the  corporation  entered  upon 
its  records  the  following  minute  : 


112  History  of  the  Church 

"The  Rev.  Mr.  Whitman  having  repeated  his  earnest  request  to 
resign  his  place  at  this  Board,  on  account  of  his  advanced  age  and 
difficulty  of  hearing,  we  do  with  reluctance  accept  his  resignation,  and 
return  him  our  heart}'  thanks  for  his  many  good  services  done  to  this 
college  for  a  number  of  years." 

Mr.  Whitman  married,  somewhat  late  in  life,  Abigail, 
daughter  of  Colonel  Nathaniel  Stanley,  Jr.,  a  woman  of 
remarkable  strength  of  mind  and  character.  »She  was 
directly  descended  from  Thomas  Stanley,  an  original  pro- 
prietor of  Hartford.  Her  grandfather,  Nathaniel  Stan- 
ley, a  man  of  wealth  and  distinction,  was  constable,  ensign, 
deputy,  judge  of  the  County  and  Probate  Courts,  and  one 
of  the  Committee  of  War  for  Hartford  County.  Her  father 
was  Treasurer  of  the  Colony  from  1749  to  1755,  and  a  man  of 
wealth  and  influence.  Of  her  brother,  William,  who  left 
a  large  property  to  this  church  of  his  fathers,  there  will 
be  occasion  to  speak  hereafter.  Her  grandmother,  Anna 
Whiting,  was  the  daughter  of  Rev.  John  Whiting,  first  pastor 
of  this  church.  Four  children  were  born  to  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Whitman,  one  of  whom,  William,  was  a  physician.  The 
eldest  was  Elizabeth,  a  brilliant,  beautiful,  and  unfortunate 
woman,  the  romance  and  tragedy  of  whose  career,  subse- 
quent to  her  father's  death,  excited  deep  interest,  and  formed 
the  subject  of  a  book  which  was  once  widely  read.' 

A  copy  of  this  rare  volume  is  in  the  Hartford  Institute. 

Mr.  Whitman  began  his  ministry  here  under  happy 
auspices,  but  in  a  troublous  time.  For  a  few  years  the  col- 
ony was  undisturbed  by  external  foes,  but  between  the  year 
1740  and  the  Peace  of  Aix-la-Chapelle,  in  1748,  it  was 
involved  in  successive  struggles,  and  the  Committee  of  War, 
at  Hartford,  were  busily  engaged.  Soldiers  were  recruited 
for  the  disastrous  expedition  of  1740  against  Carthagena  and 
Havana,  from  which  not  more  than  a  hundred  out  of  the  one 
thousand    New    England    soldiers    returned    home    again. 

1  "The  Coquette,  or  the  Life  and  Letters  of  Elizabeth  Wharton,  a  novel  founded 
on  fact,  by  a  Lady  of  Massachusetts,  with  a  Historical  Preface,  etc.,  etc."  Philadel- 
phia.   T.  B.  Peterson  &  Bros. 


Mrs.    ABIGAIL    WHlTxMAN 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnathan    IVJiitmati  113 

There  were  five  hundred  Connecticut  men  in  the  expedition 
of  1745,  which  captured  the  stronghold  of  Louisburg,  and 
three  hundred  more  were  afterward  despatched  thither 
to  aid  in  its  occupation.  A  year  later  one  thousand  men 
were  furnished  by  the  Colony  for  a  campaign  against 
Canada. 

Meanwhile  the  churches  of  the  Colony  were  alike 
greatly  blessed  and  sadly  disturbed  by  unwonted  religious 
awakenings  and  commotions  which  must  be  briefly  de- 
scribed. 

The  state  of  religion  was  lamentably  low  throughout 
the  Colony.  The  practice  of  the  half-way  covenant  had 
proved  detrimental  to  churches  and  ministers  alike.  In 
some  quarters  the  Lord's  Supper  was  treated  as  a  converting 
ordinance,  and  people  were  urged  to  become  church-mem- 
bers on  merely  formal  professions  not  implying  Christian 
experience  or  "  any  of  the  things  in  which  godliness  con- 
sists." The  preaching  and  administrations  of  man}^  min- 
isters partook  largely  of  the  prevalent  formality  and 
monotony.  The  Saybrook  system,  though  supported  by 
civil  authorit}",  had  not  secured  universal  order.  The  num- 
ber of  those  who  disliked  and  disregarded  its  restrictions 
of  ancient  Congregational  liberties  had  increased.  There 
had  been  serious  and  protracted  contentions  at  Guilford, 
Milford,  and  in  other  towns. 

But  shortly  after  Mr.  Whitman's  ordination,  the  "  Great 
Awakening"  of  1735  occurred.  Jonathan  Edwards  pro- 
claimed the  message  of  salvation  in  trumpet  tones  whose 
echoes  were  heard  far  and  wide,  and  all  the  dry  bones  of 
this  valley  commenced  to  stir  with  mysterious  energy. 
This  great  religious  revival  spread  rapidly  over  Connecticut, 
and  beyond,  refreshing  many  communities  with  spiritual 
blessings,  but  giving  rise,  also,  to  sad  excesses,  disorders, 
and  divisions,  whose  baneful  consequences  were  felt  for 
half  a  century.  An  account  of  this  remarkable  outpouring 
of  God's  Spirit  was  written  by  that  man  of  grace  and  genius. 


114  History  of  the  Church 

Jonathan  Edwards,  in  1736,  while  as  yet  the  rejoicing  songs 
of  a  redeemed  multitude  were  sounding  in  his  ears,  and 
his  great  mind  and  heart  were  full  of  a  music  like  theirs. 
Little  was  then  heard  of  "owning  the  covenant."  Preach- 
ing took  on  unwonted  power.  Ministers  labored  with 
unflagging  zeal,  going  from  place  to  place,  and  everywhere 
found  serious  and  glad  welcome  from  the  people.  The 
work  of  grace  was  "  wonderful "  in  many  towns  of  this 
Colony.  Mr.  Whitman  was  one  of  those  who  then  favored 
it.  But  many  of  the  ministers  in  Connecticut  stoutly 
opposed  it.  The  style  of  preaching,  the  methods  and  mani- 
festations were  condemned  by  them,  as  innovations.  The 
catholic  tendency  of  the  movement  was  regarded  with 
suspicion  and  aversion.  In  1740  George  Whitefield  came 
hither  and  preached  in  his  remarkable  way  in  all  the  chief 
towns  along  the  inland  route  from  Boston  to  New  York, 
awakening  everywhere  the  utmost  enthusiasm. 

Mrs.  Edwards's  estimation  of  Whitefield's  preaching 
appears  in  the  following  extract  from  a  letter  to  her  brother, 
under  date  of  October  24,  1740  : 

"  He  makes  less  of  the  doctrines  than  our  American  preachers  gen- 
erally do,  and  aims  more  at  affecting  the  heart.  He  is  a  born  orator. 
You  have  already  heard  of  his  deep-toned,  yet  clear  and  melodious 
voice.  It  is  perfect  music.  It  is  wonderful  to  see  what  a  spell  he  casts 
over  an  audience  by  proclaiming  the  simplest  truths  of  the  Bible.  I 
have  seen  upwards  of  a  thousand  people  hang  on  his  words  with  breathless 
silence,  broken  only  by  an  occasional  half-suppressed  sob.  He  impresses 
the  ignorant,  and  not  less  the  half -educated  and  the  refined." 

And  still  the  opposition  to  this  work,  which  the  General 
Association  of  Connecticut  of  1741  described  as  "an  extraor- 
dinary revival  of  religion  in  this  land,"  grew  stouter  than 
ever.  Just  when  there  should  have  been  unity  and  concord, 
there  was  deplorable  division  and  strife.  The  reasons  for 
this  state  of  things  are  traceable  partly  to  the  blind  conser- 
vatism of  the  "  Old  Light  "  men  who  could  see  nothing  good 
in  measures  and  manifestations  before  unseen,  and  partly 
to  certain  extravagances   and   fanaticisms  which  were  the 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnathan    Whitmati  115 

unfortunate  but  quite  natural  incidents  of  a  religious 
awakening  so  wide-spread  and  exciting.  Whitefield  was 
a  man  of  God,  and  his  work  and  memory  merit  great  praise, 
but  his  zeal  outran  his  discretion.  He  was  a  creature  of 
impulse  and  emotion,  and  one  of  that  class  of  personally 
irresistible  orators,  the  power  of  whose  eloquence  consists 
in  the  manner  rather  than  in  the  matter  of  discourse,  in  the 
command  of  direct  language,  in  the  possession  of  remarkable 
elocutionary  and  dramatic  skill,  and  in  a  homely  pathos  and 
passionate  fervor.  But  he  lacked  self-control,  could  not 
patiently  endure  opposition  or  provocation,  and  was  easily 
betrayed  into  the  expression  of  sharp,  censorious,  and  unjust 
criticisms  of  others.  That  he  had  great  provocation  here  in 
Connecticut  is  unfortunately  true,  but  much  mischief  was 
wrought  by  his  apparent  inability  to  resist  such  provoca- 
tions. At  the  same  time,  some  of  the  revivalists,  particu- 
larly the  Rev.  James  Davenport,  fell  into  frightful  fanati- 
cisms, which  tended  powerfully  to  strengthen  the  opposition 
to  the  work,  and  to  bring  it  into  discredit. 

But  Jonathan  Edwards,  although  clearly  perceiving  and 
deeply  deploring  the  disorders  and  extravagances  by  which 
the  work  was  attended,  wrote  a  calm  and  masterly  vindi- 
cation of  the  "  Revival  of  Religion  in  New  England,"  and 
pointed  out  "  the  error  of  those  who  have  had  ill  thoughts  "  of 
it,  "so  far  as. the  ground  of  such  an  error  has  been  in 
the  understanding,  and  not  in  the  disposition,''  namely, —  "  in 
not  justly  separating  and  distinguishing  the  good  from  the 
bad."  Up  to  the  time  when  Whitefield's  first  tour  in  New 
England  was  completed,  Mr.  Whitman  seems  to  have  been 
one  of  the  many  ministers  who  cordially  approved  and 
assisted  the  work  of  revival.  But  afterwards,  owing  to  the 
excesses  and  disturbances  that  ensued,  he  seems  to  have 
joined  with  those  who  regarded  Whitefield  with  disfavor, 
and  labored  to  counteract  the  disturbing  operations  of 
the  new  enthusiasts.  But  opposition  only  served  to  make 
the  itinerant  fanatics  more  violent  and  disorderlv  in  their 


ii6  History  of  the  Church 

manifestations.  Some  of  Mr.  Whitman's  congregation  with- 
drew from  his  administrations  on  account  of  his  more 
moderate  course.  As  movements  began  to  be  made,  here 
and  there,  for  new  churches,  by  those  who  favored  the 
new  measures,  the  machinery  of  the  Saybrook  System, 
largely  in  the  hands  of  the  "  Old  Lights,"  was  brought 
to  bear  for  their  restriction.' 

Then  the  General  Assembly  interposed,  and,  under 
Governor  Law's  administration,  passed  several  acts  of 
legislation,  of  the  most  arbitrary  and  exasperating  nature, 
for  the  suppression  of  "enthusiasm." 

The  Act  of  Toleration"  was  summarily  repealed  in  1743, 
so  that  no  sober   dissenters   could   organize   themselves   in 

'  The  chief  battle-ground,  at  this  time,  was  that  covered  by  the  New  Haven 
East  Association,  where  the  revival  and  its  sympathizers  met  with  stern  opposition. 
Rev.  Philemon  Robbins  of  Branford  was  excluded  from  the  consociation  for  preach- 
ing to  a  Baptist  congregation  in  Wallingford.  Mr.  Timothy  Allen  was  dismissed 
from  West  Haven  for  his  activity  in  the  revival  of  1740,  and  it  was  triumphantly  said 
\yy  his  judges  that  they  had  blown  out  one  "new  light,"  and  would  blow  them 
all  out.  Three  other  clergymen  were  suspended  for  assisting  in  the  ordination 
of  Mr.  Lee,  at  Salisbury,  who,  with  his  church,  chose  not  to  accept  the  Saybrook 
Platform.  The  North  Church  in  New  Haven  (now  the  United  Church)  was 
organized  in  1742,  by  those  who  withdrew  from  the  First  Church  on  account  of 
the  opposition  therein  to  the  revival.  They  could  not  gain  permission  to  form 
a  society  or  to  hold  public  worship,  and  for  eighteen  years  they  were  taxed 
to  support  the  old  church  which  they  had  left,  although  they  were  supporting 
worship  of  their  own.  For  attempting  to  preach  in  this  new  church.  Rev.  Samuel 
Finley,  afterw^ard  President  of  Princeton  College,  was  arrested  and  sent  out  of 
the  Colony  as  a  vagrant.  He  suffered  similar  outrage  for  preaching  to  a  "separate  " 
congregation  in  Milford.  For  other  and  flagrant  cases  of  similar  persecution  in 
following  years,  see  the  second  volume  of  Trumbull's  History,  and  also  the 
story  of  the  Separate  Churches  in  the  admirable  History  of  Windham  County. 

2 The  following  statement  will  assist  one  in  understanding  the  case:  —  When 
the  Saybrook  Platform  was  established  by  law,  in  1708,  it  contained  an  explicit 
proviso,  called  the  Act  of  Toleration,  that  societies  or  churches,  soberly  differing 
or  dissenting  from  the  established  order,  should  not  be  hindered  or  prevented 
"  from  exercising  worship  or  discipline  in  their  own  way,  according  to  their 
consciences."  They  might  obtain  permission  to  set  up  their  own  worship,  though 
they  were  still  taxed  to  support  the  standing  order.  In  1727,  the  Episcopalians,  and 
in  1729,  the  Quakers  and  Baptists  were  exempted  from  taxation  by  the  established 
societies,  provided  they  taxed  themselves  to  support  their  own  societies.  But 
dissenting  Congregationalists  were  not  allowed  such  liberty  or  exemption.  In  1730, 
a  case  was  carried  to  the  General  Assembly,  which  decided  that  persons  professing 
themselves  of  the  Congregational  or  Presbyterian  persuasion  could  not  have 
any  benefit  of  the  Toleration  Act. 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  EluatJiaii    WJiituian  1 1  7 

societies,  much  less  be  exempt  from  taxation  to  support 
the  societies  from  which  they  had  withdrawn,  without 
special  permission  from  the  Legislature,  which  permission 
Congregationalists  and  Presbyterians  could  not,  for  a  long 
while,  obtain.  The  Separate  Societies  were  in  every  possible 
wa)'-  hindered  and  harried.  Their  godly  ministers  were  sub- 
jected to  extreme  indignities,  both  ecclesiastical  and  civil. 
Baptisms  performed  by  such  ministers  as  Solomon  Paine  and 
Thomas  Marsh  were  pronounced  "invalid".  In  1742  a 
law  was  passed  prohibiting  any  ordained  or  licensed 
preacher  from  preaching  or  exhorting  in  any  parish  but 
his  own,  except  by  the  consent  of  the  pastor  and  a 
majority  of  the  parish.  The  penalty  of  an  offense  under 
this  act  was  arrest  and  dismission  from  the  Colony  as 
a  vagrant,  if  the  offender  was  a  stranger  or  foreigner.  If 
the  offender  belonged  to  the  Colony,  he  was  to  be  deprived 
of  his  salary,  etc.  Any  u?ilicensed  person  who  should  per- 
sume  to  exhort  in  any  parish  without  the  permission  of 
the  minister  and  a  majority  of  said  parish  was  liable  to 
be  bound  to  keep  the  peace,  in  the  penal  sum  of  one  hun- 
dred pounds. 

While  things  were  in  this  state,  ]\Ir.  Whitefield  revisited 
New  England,  in  1745.  The  General  Association  of  Con- 
necticut, in  that  year,  eight  members  being  present,  passed 
the  following  remarkable  resolution  : 

"Whereas  there  has  been  of  late  years  many  errors  in  doctrine 
and  disorders  in  practice  prevaihng  in  the  churches  of  this  land,  which 
seem  to  have  a  threatening  aspect  upon  the  churches,  and  whereas 
Mr.  George  Whitefield  has  been  the  promoter  or  at  least  the  faulty 
occasion  of  many  of  these  errors  and  disorders,  tkis  association  think 
it  needful  for  them  to  declare,  that  if  the  said  Mr.  Whitefield  should 
make  his  progress  through  this  government,  it  would  by  no  means 
be  advisable  for  any  of  our  ministers  to  admit  him  into  their  pulpits, 
or  for  any  of  our  people  to  attend  upon  his  preaching  and  admin- 
istrations." 

Several  local  associations  took  similar  action.  Rev.  Mr. 
Wliitman  was  Scribe  of  the  General   Association  that  vear. 


ri8  History  of  the  Church 

and  doubtless  voted  for  the  resolution.  This  resolution  must 
be  regarded  as  the  serious  blunder  of  well-meaning-  but  mis- 
guided men.  It  was  unkind  in  its  exaggeration  of  Mr.  White- 
field's  indiscretions,  and  unwise  in  its  counsel  to  ministers 
and  churches.  It  was  high  time,  indeed,  that  errors  and  dis- 
orders should  be  checked.  There  were  dangerous  excite- 
ments, physical  manifestations,  trances,  swoonings,  visions, 
and  extravagances  of  speech  and  action.  The  great  out- 
pouring had  created  a  flood  which  the  ordinary  and  narrowed 
channels  of  grace  would  not  and  could  not  contain,  and  which 
amounted  to  an  inundation.  There  were  "  uncharitable  de- 
nunciations of  ministers,"  by  no  means  confined  to  or  begin- 
ning with  the  revivalists.  The  charge  of  "  deadness  of  pro- 
fessors "  was  no  more  grievous  than  that  of  the  "  giddiness  "  of 
revivalists.  The  accusation  of  "  frigid  formality  "  was  no  more 
imcharitable  than  that  of  "emotional  enthusiasm,"  and  after 
all,  as  Edwards  and  other  wise  men  pointed  out,  what  was  the 
chafE  to  the  wheat  ?  What  were  the  surface  froth  and  seeth- 
ing and  drift-stuff  to  the  great  stream  of  tendency  beneath  ? 
The  "  faulty  occasion  "  of  the  errors  and  disorders  that  pre- 
vailed may  be  found  lying  back  of  Whitefield  and  the 
revivalists.  If  the  "  old  lights  "  in  Connecticut  had,  at  first, 
welcomed  instead  of  opposing  the  great  awakening  which 
roused  the  churches  from  their  empty  covenant-ownings 
and  drowsy  and  dreadful  formalities,  long  before  Whitefield 
came  among  them  ;  if  they  had  owned  and  made  a  place  for 
emotion  and  enthusiasm  and  lay-preaching  in  religion  ;  if 
their  disposition,  as  well  as  tinderstanding,  had  not  been  in 
obstinate  error  as  to  the  whole  spiritual  movement,  the 
gracious  work  might  have  been  guided  and  controlled  in 
more  orderly  ways.  If,  when  Whitefield  first  came  through 
this  colony,  stirring  the  popular  heart  and  conscience  by  his 
fervid  eloquence,  they  had  been  content  to  overlook  some 
things  in  so  eminent  an  apostle,  and  had  stood  together  with 
Wheelock,  Parsons,  Whitman,  Pomroy,  Griswold,  Bellamy, 
and  others  in  furthering  and  guiding  the  work  to  which  he 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnathaii   VVhitDian  1 1 9 

g-ave  such  tremendous  impulse,  fanaticism  would  have  had 
slight  footing-,  enthusiasm  would  not  have  mounted  to  giddi- 
ness, errors  and  disorders  might  have  been  few  and  evanes- 
cent, and  the  "glorious  work  of  God  "  would  have  been  far 
more  extensive  and  beneficent  than  it  was. 

From  1745  onwards,  disorders  spread.  The  separate 
churches  sprang  up  and  took, eccentric  ways  under  persecu- 
tions of  church  and  court ;  "Old  Lights"  and  "  New  Lights" 
strove  to  extinguish  each  other,  until  a  considerable  darkness 
prevailed,  and  something  akin  to  disgust  fell  upon  multitudes 
weary  of  unseemly  strife  ;  and  the  period  of  revival  was  suc- 
ceeded by  a  period  of  dismal  declension,  as  new  wars  began, 
opening  the  way  to  Revolution  and  Independence. 

What  fruits  of  the  revival  were  gathered  into  this  church 
is  unknown,  for  its  records  of  that  time  have  not  been  pre- 
served. But  if  we  may  judge  from  those  gathered  into  the 
First  Church,  they  were  not  plentiful. 

It  was  in  this  period  that  Rev.  Mr.  Whitman  preached 
the  Election  Sermon,  at  Hartford,  May  4,  1745.  His  text 
was  from  the  23d  chapter  of  2d  Samuel,  at  the  fourth 
verse. 

His  subject  was,  "  The  Character  and  Qualifications  of 
Good  Rulers,  and  the  Happiness  of  Their  Administrations." ' 
It  is  a  well-composed,  sober,  and  excellent  sermon,  but  it 
shows  the  prevalent  disposition  to  rely  upon  the  civil  author- 
ity for  aid  in  administering  church  discipline.  "  Civil  rulers 
in  a  Christian  commonwealth  are,  by  God's  appointment,  to 
be  nursing-fathers  to  the  church."  The  following  passage  is 
significant : 

"  It  is  well  known  that  our  churches  have  of  late  been  sadly  broken 
and  divided  ;  a  spirit  of  error,  disorder,  and  enthusiasm  has  gone  forth 
in  the  land.  Many  of  the  faithful  ministers  of  Christ  have  been  loaded 
with  reproaches,  .  .  .  separations  have  been  made  in  many  places, 
and  there  are  those  that  are  endeavoring  all  they  can  to  pull  down  the 
standing  ministry,     ...     a  strange  spirit  of  giddiness  seems  to  pos- 

1  A  printed  copy  of  this  sermon  has  recently  come  into  the  writer's  possession. 


I20  History  of  the  Church 

sess  the  minds  of  multitudes,  disposing  them  to  fall  in  with  almost  any 
body  that  has  either  ignorance  or  confidence  enough  to  pretend  that  they 
are  immediately  led  by  the  Spirit." 

Two  other  sermons  by  Mr.  Whitman  are  extant,  one 
preached  at  the  funeral  of  John  Ledyard,  in  which  "  the 
death  of  good  men  is  compared  to  a  sweet,  refreshing-  sleep," 
and  the  other  preached  at  the  funeral  of  Rev.  Mr.  Dorr, 
pastor  of  the  First  church.' 

During  Mr.  Whitman's  ministry  two  new  meeting-houses 
were  erected  in  Hartford.  In  1737  the  First  church  and  So- 
ciety began  to  build  their  brick  meeting-house,  which  was 
dedicated  in  1739.  In  January,  1749,  the  Second  Society  ap- 
plied to  the  County  Court  for  a  site  for  their  proposed  new 
meeting-house.  The  place  first  chosen  \vas  not  acceptable, 
and,  after  considerable  endeavor,  the  General  Assembly  of 
1752  appointed  a  committee  to  select  a  suitable  location. 
This  committee  reported,  fixing  the  site  "in  the  highway,  a 
little  north  of  the  house  of  Mr.  Joseph  Buckingham,"  and 
there,  in  the  highway  now  called  Buckingham  Street,  the 
meeting-house  was  erected. 

The  records  of  the  Society  for  that  time  have  perished, 
and  until  recently  it  has  been  impossible  to  determine  just 
when  the  house  was  begun,  completed,  and  occupied.  The 
"Memorandum  Book  "  of  Thomas  Seymour,  "A.  D.  1747," 
containing  a  variety  of  entries  from  1745  to  1774,  has  recently 
come  into  the  writer's  possession,  and  the  following  entry  is 
to  the  point  : 

"Be  it  remembered. — The  new  meeting-house  built  in  the  South 
(Congregational)  Society,  in  the  town  of  Hartford,  was  begun  in  the 
fore  part  of  the  year  of  our  Lord,  1752,  was  three  years  in  building,  and 
finished  about  the  latter  end  of  the  3'ear  1754. 

And  the  Rev.  and  Pious  George  Whitefield  (providentially  here) 
preached  the  first  sermon  that  was  ever  preached  in  it,  and  this  was  on 
Monday,  the  2nd  day  of  December,  Anno  Dom.,  1754— a  good  omen  for  a 
new  meeting-house." 

1  Quotations  from  this  latter  sermon  are  made  by  Dr.  Walker  in  his  History  of  the 
First  Church,  page  330,  and  the  "  curiously  archaic  and  mechanic  style"  of  Mr. 
Whitman  as  "  compared  with  the  utterances  of  Mr.  Dorr  "  is  noticed. 


-I      I        I 1 


D00l{ 


r-l        fy 1  I 1 1  \ 


-\        I ri 


-I        1 M 


»-i — 1        \- 


H 1         I 1 1         \ 


-\        I- 


-»       I r» 


-»        I ^ 


-\       I 1        \ 


DOOH 


BaFHV 


GROUND    PLAN    OF    THE    SECOND    MEETING-HOUSE 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  EInathan    Whitman  121 

Another  entry  in  the  same  handwriting  is  as  follows  : 

"The  first  Sabbath  in  January,  1755,  was  the  first  time  we  left  the 
old  meeting-house  and  began  to  meet  in  the  new  one  in  a  eonstant  way." 

Whitefield's  fifth  voyage  to  this  country  was  made  in 
1754,  and,  as  the  foregoing  memorandum  shows,  he  visited 
Hartford  at  that  time,  and  doubtless  good  Mr.  Whitman  was 
glad  enough  to  have  him  preach  in  the  new  meeting-house. 

This  meeting-house  is  distinctly  remembered  by  several 
persons  now  residing  in  Hartford,  some  of  whom  attended 
worship  there  as  boys  and  girls.  It  was  a  wooden  structme, 
and,  like  that  of  the  First  Church,  stood  sidewisc  to  Main 
Street,  with  an  entrance  on  the  east  side  and  also  at  either 
end.  There  was  a  porch  under  the  steeple  at  the  north 
end.  On  the  west  side  stood  a  structure  for  housing  a  rude 
apparatus  for  use  in  case  of  fires.  Within  were  galleries, 
square  pews,  and  a  pulpit  on  the  west  side  overhung  by  a 
sounding-board.' 

Recently  discovered  documents  shed  some  light  on  the 
meeting-house  affairs,  and  show  who  were  the  leading  men 
in  the  Society.  In  17.52  Mr.  William  Hooker  was  collector, 
and  in  the  year  following  Jonathan  Wells  and  William 
Stanley  were  collectors.  Jonathan  Seymour,  Thomas  Sey- 
mour and  Daniel  Bull  (Deacon)  were  on  the  Building  Com- 
mittee. The  following  bill  of  a  Hartford  lawyer  explains 
itself  : 

'  The  following  document  has  recently  come  to  light : 

We  the  subscribers  promiss  to  pay  unto  Col.  Nath'l  Stanley  the  several  sums 
respectively  to  our  names  annexed  for  the  use  of  the  South  Society,  in  Hartford,  and 
to  be  improved  for  the  building  a  steeple  to  the  new  meeting-house,  now  about  to 
be  built  for  Divine  Worship  in  s*  Society,  provided  said  Society  shall  agree  to 
build  s*  steeple.     Witness  our  hands  August  i8,  1752. 

Thomas  Seymore,  £  50       Ebenezer  Webster,  30 

Jonathan  Sej'more, 

Joseph  Hosmer,  30       Thos.  Noble,  15 

ban'l  Bull, 

Wm  Hooker, 

Daniel  Steele, 

Elijah  Clapp, 

Jos.  Church, 


50 

J  earns  Steel, 

30 

Thos.  Noble, 

40 

Jared  Seymore, 

40 

Zebulon  Mygatt, 

30 

Jona.  Wells, 

35 

Jos.  Sheldon, 

20 

Nath'l  Hookei, 

History  of  the  Church 


!^/^^y  ^^.5^2- 


O  -  o 


icT^^C  ^  ^  M)o^t£Ciyi 


fa^-y/  ur<s'^ 


'o' 


^/^  ^ 


yy^/^^/fiyz^j 


FAC-SIMILE   OF  JOSEPH   BUCKINGHAM'S  BILL. 

It  appears  from  sundry  bills  that  a  workman's  wages 
were  often  higher  than  "  Cato's  "  in  the  foregoing  account. 
Isaac  Seymour  charged  for  "  seven  and  a  half  days  work  at 
raising  the  meeting  "  at  the  rate  of  thirty-four  shillings  a  day. 

In  his  account  is  a  charge  of  twenty-three  pounds  for 
"  eleven  and  a  half  gallons  of  rum  for  framing."  At  two 
pounds  a  gallon,  rum  seems  expensive  stuff  "for  framing.'" 

1  The  original  account  book  of  a  rustic  named  Jehoshaphat  Trescot,  who  lived 
near  Boston  from  1707  to  1725,  is  in  the  writer's  possession.  He  frequently  visited 
Boston,  taking  there  cider,  fowls,  butter,  walnuts,  and  other  stuff  to  sell,  and  carry- 
ing home  things  purchased  in  the  city,  now  a  chisel,  and  now  a  catechism.  The 
entries  show  that  Jehosophat  often  bought  rum.  The  price  varied.  One  day  he  paid 
fourteen  cents  a  quart  and  had  "a  fit  on  horseback  going  home. "  Another  day  he  paid 
eighteen  pence  a  quart,  and  "  did  see  a  lion  in  the  town."  But  the  average  price  was 
at  the  rate  of  five  shillings  a  gallon,  or  one-eighth  as  much  as  was  charged  in  Hart- 
ford in  1753. 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.   Elnathau    WJiitnian  123 

It  is  simply  necessary  to  remember  the  large  amount  of 
greatly  depreciated  paper  currency  in  the  Colony,  at  that 
time.  From  a  memorial  presented  to  the  General  Assembly, 
in  175 1,  by  numerous  merchants  and  traders,  it  appears  that 
this  paper  currency  was  not  worth  one-eighth  of  its  face 
value.  Two  years  later,  as  the  papers  in  my  possession, 
relative  to  the  meeting-house,  indicate,  the  currency  was 
still  more  depreciated. 

Mr.  Jonathan  Wells's  account,  endorsed,  "settled  and 
done,"  shows  "the  sum-total  of  his  meeting-house  rate" 
to  have  been  ^^832:5:10.  The  individual  rates  vary  from 
seventy-one  pounds  to  fifteen  shillings.  Among  the  larger 
rates  were  those  of  Mr.  Daniel  Bull,  Ensign  John  Cole,  Jona- 
than Bigelow,  Daniel  Hinsdale,  Jacob  White,  Ebenezer  Ben- 
ton, Ebenezer  Webster,  Daniel  Steele,  Joseph  Buckingham, 
Jonathan  Seymour,  Thomas  Seymour,  Zechariah  Seyinour, 
and  Isaac  Tucker.  Mr.  John  Ledyard  seems  to  have  been 
connected  with  the  Society.  In  1756  the  Society  voted  to  raise 
by  taxation  the  sum  of  two  hundred  pounds  towards  defraying 
expenses  incurred  in  finishing  the  meeting-house,  and  a  rate- 
bill  amounting  to  one  hundred  and  nineteen  pounds  was  put 
into  the  hands  of  Ebenezer  Benton,  Jr.,  at  that  time  the 
collector.  He  collected  and  paid  over  twenty-seven  pounds, 
and  then,  owing  to  unexpected  and  great  difficulties,  was 
ordered  "to  cease  further  collections  for  the  present".  Four 
years  later  he  was  ordered  to  resume  the  collection,  but  was 
soon  disabled  by  illness  from  doing  anything.  The  Com- 
mittee took  legal  measures  to  collect  from  him  the  residue 
of  the  rate,  and  his  father  paid  it,  with  the  assurance  that  he 
.should  use  the  rate-bill  to  reimburse  himself.  The  Society 
appointed  a  new  collector  and  called  in  the  rates,  much  to 
the  injury  of  Mr.  Benton,  as  he  claimed,  for  he  carried 
the  matter  to  the  General  Assembly,  where  judgment  was 
found  in  his  favor,  and  the  Society  was  obliged  to  pay 
him  forty  pounds  and  costs  —  in  all  sixty  pounds.  How 
or  when  the  debt  of  the  Society  was  finally  paid  does  not 
appear. 


124  History  of  the  Church 

In  1753  a  general  contribution  was  ordered  and  taken  in 
all  the  churches  of  the  Colony,  to  raise  funds  for  the  support 
of  an  orthodox  professor  of  divinit}^  in  Yale  College. 

In  1757  the  need  of  money  by  the  government  was 
so  urgent  that  collections  in  its  behalf  were  ordered  in 
all  the  churches,  and  liberal  contributions  were  earnestly 
solicited.  A  public  lottery,  to  be  managed  by  a  committee 
appointed  by  the  General  Assembly,  was  ordered  for  the 
same  purpose. 

In  1756  the  population  of  Hartford,  including  the  East 
and  West  divisions,  was  only  a  little  more  than  three 
thousand. 

Several  autograph  letters  of  Mr.  Whitman  to  the  Soci- 
ety of  which  he  was  pastor  have  recently  come  into  the 
writer's  possession,  from  which  it  appears  that  he  was 
seriously  hampered  by  the  insufficiency  of  his  salary,  and  by 
the  tardy  payment  of  that  which  was  due  him.  In  175S 
he  addressed  the  Society,  showing  how  inadequate  to  his 
necessities  his  salary  was,  and  what  embarrassment  he 
suffered  from  lack  of  promptitude  in  its  payment,  and  urging 
a  kindly  consideration  of  the  facts  set  before  them. 

Five  years  later  he  had  occasion  to  write  the  following 
letter  : 

To  the  South  Society  in  Hartford  at  their  meeting,  April  ji,  lydj. 

Gentlemen  :  —  It  is  with  reluctance  that  I  say  anything  to  you  respect- 
ing my  support,  but  as  I  find  by  Experience  that  the  Necessities  of 
my  Family  call  for  an  addition  to  my  salary  in  order  to  my  being  enabled 
to  live  in  a  decent  manner,  which  I  presume  you  are  willing  your 
minister  should  do,  I  find  myself  obliged  to  desire  that  j-ou  would 
take  this  matter  into  your  Consideration.  Encouraged  by  the  vote  which 
you  passed  at  my  first  Settlement  among  you,  I  always  depended  upon  it, 
that  you  would  afford  me  an  honorable  and  sufficient  maintenance 
according  to  my  Necessities  ;  and  I  doubt  not  you  are  willing  to  do 
so.  What  you  have  hitherto  granted  me  is  considerably  less  than 
the  other  Ministers  of  the  Town  have  had,  and  I  suppose  less  than  most 
of  the  Ministers  of  the  Neighborhood  have.  I  desire  no  more  from  you 
than   what   with   Prudence    and    good    Economy   will   be    sufficient    to 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Eluathan    WJiitinan  125 

answer  my  Neccessities,  and  enable  me  to  meet  the  great  Design  of 
my   Ministry,    without   the   Embarassment   of  worldly   Cares,   which   I 
cannot  doubt  you  will  be  wilhng  to  aiTord  me. 
1  am,  Gentlemen, 

Your  affectionate  pastor, 


cinai^ayi  lAJ/^^^^(^n 


Hartford,  April  11,  1763. 

Again,  in  1765,  he  wrote  to  the  society  on  the  same 
subject,  for,  as  his  letter  shows,  the  Society,  at  a  late  meet- 
ing, had  somewhat  decreased  the  amount  of  his  salary  for 
the  coming  year. 

He  says  that  his  salary  has  been  less  than  that  of  his 
brethren  in  the  ministry.  The  West  Division  "give  their 
Minister  upwards  of  an  hundred  pounds  and  his  w^ood, 
whereas  mine  was  never  more  than  ninety,  out  of  which 
I  find  my  own  wood."  Again  he  says,  "My  sallery  is  not 
usually  granted  till  the  end  of  the  year  for  which  it  becomes 
due,  and  at  the  end  of  another  year  there  is  commonly 
a  considerable  part  remains  unpaid.  There  is  now  upwards 
of  Thirty  Pounds  due  to  me  of  my  Sallery  for  the  year 
before  last,  which,  with  the  arrearages  of  former  Rates 
secured  by  a  Note  given  by  the  Society's  Committee,  makes 
forty  Pounds  or  upwards." 

From  the  official  answers  given  to  the  queries  of  the 
Board  of  Trade  and  Plantations  between  the  years  174S 
and  1756,  it  appears  that  the  trade  of  the  Colony  was  yet 
small.  Beef,  pork,  flour,  horses,  and  lumber  were  shipped  to 
the  West  Indies,  and  rum,  sugar,  salt,  molasses,  and  some 
bills  of  exchange  were  brought  thence.  Provisions  were 
still  sent  to  Boston  and  New  York  to  be  exchanged  for  Brit- 
ish goods, —  woolen  cloths,  linen,  silks,  agricultural  imple- 
ments, cutlery,  nails,  glass,  pewter,  brass,  and  fire-arms. 
There  was  a  little  direct  trade  with  Great  Britain.  Only 
coarse  woolen  and  linen  cloth  was  manufactured  here.  The 
produce  of  the  Colony  was  ship  timber  of  all  kinds,  boards, 


126  History  of  tJie  Church 

wheat,  rye,  corn,  flax,  cattle,  horses,  and  swine.  The  popu- 
lation in  1756  was  estimated  at  130,000.  There  were  1,000 
Indians  in  the  Colony,  and  one-half  of  these  were  living 
in  English  families.  The  ordinary  expenses  of  the  gov- 
ernment, in  time  of  peace,  were  about  3,500  pounds.  One- 
fifth  of  the  revenue  was  spent  for  educational  purposes. 
There  were  seventy-four  vessels  belonging  in  the  Colony, 
employing  four  hundred  and  fifteen  men.  The  report  for 
1773  is  substantially  the  same  as  the  above,  except  that  some 
trade  with  Gibraltar  and  Barbary  is  mentioned,  the  number 
of  vessels  had  more  than  doubled,  one-third  of  the  revenue 
was  devoted  to  education,  and  the  population  had  increased 
to  191,000.  The  increase  of  popidation,  notwithstanding  the 
loss  by  war,  is  attributed  to  wholesome  air,  industrious 
habits,  frugality  of  living,  and  early  marriages.  The  Con- 
necticut Courant  was  founded  in  1764,  and  its  columns,  though 
meagre,  afford  sufficient  evidence  of  the  energy  with  which 
many  Hartford  people  were  pushing  their  ventures  far  and 
near,  and  of  the  freedom  of  thovight  and  speech  which 
prevailed.  Indeed,  the  appearance  of  the  newspaper  in  this 
town  marks  an  epoch  in  its  history,  and  in  that  of  all  the  neigh- 
boring towns.  It  came,  not  only  to  furnish  intelligence 
of  what  was  going  on  at  home  and  abroad,  and  to  serve 
as  a  vehicle  of  communication  for  business  purposes,  but 
to  supply  a  growing  demand  for  some  fuller  and  freer 
expression  of  public  opinion  on  the  vital  questions  of  the 
times.  Those  dingy  first  papers  confirm  what  the  Royalist 
Churchman  wrote  to  Archbishop  Seeker  in  1760:  "Con- 
necticut is  little  better  than   a  mere  democracy 

Every  man  in  the  Colony  thinks  himself  an  able  divine  and 
politician."  Every  where  was  the  hum,  and  often  the  din  of 
vigorous,  intelligent  discussion. 

In  1764  the  Second  Society  came  into  possession  of 
certain  property  of  much  value,  known  as  the  Buckingham 
estate.  Joseph  Buckingham,  Esq.,  who  had  never  married, 
died  in  1760,  leaving  most  of  his  estate,  by  an  unwritten  or 


^-^^^_,^p 


^77^ 


MAP  OF  BUCRIKGHAM   PROPERTY 


The  Alinistry  of  Rev.  El na than    ]V hitman  127 

unfinished  testament,  to  the  vSouth  Society.  Certain  relatives 
successfully  resisted  the  admission  to  probate  of  this  nuncu- 
pative disposition  of  the  property  v^^hich  they  coveted,  but  in 
1764  the  General  Assembly  overruled  the  decision  of  the 
Probate  Court  and  of  the  Superior  Court,  to  which  an  appeal 
had  been  taken,  and  appointed  the  testator's  mother,  Ann 
Burnham,  administratrix.  vShe  had  married,  for  a  second 
husband,  the  Rev.  ]\Ir.  Burnham,  who  died  leaving  her  in  a 
second  widowhood.  Knowing  her  son's  intention  and  pur- 
pose, and  out  of  "  regard  and  consideration  "  for  the  South 
Church  and  Society,  she  had  already,  July  7,  1762,  deeded  to 
the  said  Church  and  Society  her  "house  and  homestead," 
containing  "  about  four  and  one-half  acres  bounded  east  and 
north  on  the  highway,  west  on  the  land  of  Aaron  Bull,  and 
South  on  Daniel  Sheldon's  land." '  It  would  now  be  described 
as  extending  from  Buckingham  Street  southward  along 
Main  Street.  This  excellent  woman  not  only  thus  enriched 
the  Church  and  Society  of  which  her  first  husband  had  been 
for  many  3^ears  the  pastor,  but  gave  her  silver  tankard  to  the 
First  Church,  of  which  her  father  (Isaac  Foster)  had  been  for 
a  brief  time  the  minister.^ 

The  accompanying  map  of  the  aforesaid  property  was 
kindly  furnished  by  the  Rev.  John  McCook  of  Hartford.  It 
came  through  Dr.  Daniel  Butler  to  John  Butler,  his  son,  and 
from  John  Butler  to  Eliza  S.  Butler  (McCook),  his  daughter. 

The  great  and  protracted  struggle  of  the  colonies  against 

1  Town  Rec,  121-233. 

''The  following  is  an  abridgment  of  Mrs.  Burnham's  conveyance  : 
"  Whereas  it  was  the  true  intention  and  real  purpose  of  my  son,  Joseph  Bucking- 
ham, Esq.,  .  .  .  to  have  given  unto  the  South  Congregational  Church  or  Society 
.  .  .  the  house  and  homestead  where  I  now  dwell,  .  .  .  and  while  making  his 
last  will  and  testament  to  that  purpose  and  before  he  had  fully  completed  the  same, 
was  suddenly  removed  by  death,  and  the  said  estate  having  thereby  fallen  to  me, 
.  .  .  and  being  willing  and  desirous  that  the  good  intentions  and  purpose  of  my 
said  son  should  take  effect,  and  for  the  consideration  of  the  love,  good  will,  and  re- 
gard which  I  have  and  do  bear  unto  the  said  Church  and  Society ;  I  do  therefore 
.  .  .  fully,  freely,  and  absolutely  give,  grant,  release,  and  confirm  unto  the  said 
South  Church  or  Society  called  Congregational,  and  to  their  successors  forever,  all 
the  aforesaid  House,  Homestead,  and  premises  .  .  without  any  manner  of 
condition." 


128  History  of  the  Church 

the  French  and  their  Indian  allies,  which  continued  from 
1755  to  1762,  and  terminated  in  the  capture  of  Quebec,  the 
conquest  of  Canada,  and  the  cession  of  almost  all  the  French 
possessions  in  America  to  the  English,  was  one  in  which 
Connecticut  bore  a  worthy  part  and  incurred  heavy  burdens 
and  losses.  She  sent  forth  many  more  than  her  quota  of 
soldiers  into  the  successive  campaigns,  and  her  expenses  in 
this  seven  years'  conflict  were  very  great.  The  loss  of  many 
hardy  men  was  severely  felt.  Both  husbandry  and  trade 
were  sorely  crippled,  and  the  financial  burden  pressed  heavily 
upon  the  people  for  many  years. 

For  manifold  reasons  the  state  of  religion  in  the  colony 
was  such  as  to  excite  anxiety  and  alarm  in  the  minds  of  godly 
men,  and  the  declension  continued  even  to  the  end  of  the 
century.  A  reaction  from  the  revival  of  1740-5  had  set 
in,  with  strong  tendencies  towards  the  old  ways  of  formal 
professions  and  covenants.  The  controversies  and  conten- 
tions growing  out  of  attempts  to  enforce  the  discipline  of  the 
Saybrook  Platform  were  bringing  forth  their  bitter  fruits  of 
indifference  in  the  public  mind.  The  disturbed  state  of  so- 
ciety during  the  seven  years  or  more  of  war  was  unfavorable 
to  spiritual  increase,  and  in  manifold  ways  the  wars  were  an 
occasion  of  no  little  corruption  of  the  people.  The  soldiers 
of  the  colony  too  easily  imbibed  the  freer  opinions  and  im- 
itated the  looser  practices  of  foreign  comrades,  and  brought 
back  with  them  habits  and  manners  which  savored  of  free- 
thinking  and  careless  living.  The  ministers,  in  their  associ- 
ated capacity,  as  in  their  personal  labors,  strove  to  check 
"  the  awful  growth  and  spread  of  vice  and  immorality,"  be- 
wailed the  "lamentable  indifference  in  spiritual  concerns," 
testified  against  "  Socinianism,  Arianism,"  and  other  heretical 
"isms,"  recommended  days  of  humiliation  and  prayer,  and 
even  moved  to  secure  a  new  edition  of  the  book  containing 
the  Saybrook  Platform,  copies  of  which  "  had  become  scarce 
in  the  churches." 


Tlie  Ministry  of  Rev.   Elnathan    Whitman  129 

The  wars  were  no  sooner  ended  than  political  feeling 
began  to  run  high,  crowding  out,  in  some  degree,  religious 
concerns,  as  the  British  Parliament  proceeded  in  its  policy  of 
taxation,  of  which  the  Stamp  Act,  in  1765,  was  a  crowning 
measure.  There  were  tumults  in  Hartford,  as  elsewhere, 
and  the  Sons  of  Liberty  compelled  the  colonial  stamp-master 
to  read  his  recantation  before  the  people  who  had  assembled 
about  the  court-house.  Amid  the  general  rejoicing  here  at 
the  news  of  the  repeal  of  that  act,  a  sad  disaster  occurred 
which  furnished  occasion  for  an  exceedingly  mournful  ser- 
mon in  the  North  Meeting- House,  by  Rev.  John  Devotion, 
who  was  "  providentially  present."  A  celebration  had  been 
ordered,  and  a  considerable  quantity  of  powder  had  been 
stored  in  the  Brick  Schoolhouse  for  distribution  to  the 
soldiers.  A  company  of  gentlemen  had  assembled  in  an 
upper  chamber  of  the  schoolhouse  to  prepare  rockets  for 
the  evening.  Some  powder  had  been  carelessly  scattered 
along  the  ground  outside,  which  was  ignited  by  children 
playing  about,  and  the  schoolhouse  was  blown  up,  bury- 
ing thirty  people  in  its  ruins.  Six  men  were  fatally  injured, 
among  whom  was  Dr.   Nathaniel,  son  of  Mr.  John  Ledyard. 

The  Records  of  the  Second  Society  from  the  beginning 
of  1767  have  been  preserved.  The  first  entry  is  an  inscrip- 
tion to  the  effect  that  "this  book  belongs  to  the  South 
Ecclesiastical  Society  in  Hartford  by  the  donation  of  Miss 
Hannah  and  Caroline  Seymour."  The  next  entry  is  a 
"  true  copy  "  of  the  original  agreement  and  covenant  of  the 
church,  "  taken  from  the  original  records  of  the  above-men- 
tioned church  of  Christ,  carefully  compared  with  said  origi- 
nal records,"  made  by  Mr.  John  Ledyard.  How  and  when 
those  "original  records,"  existing  in  1767,  were  lost  is  un- 
known. Mr.  John  Ledyard,  whose  name  appears  often  in 
the  records,  was  a  man  of  wealth,  distinction,  and  culture. 
He  was  born  in  Bristol,  England,  and,  coming  to  these  shores, 
settled  at  Groton,  and  afterwards  in  Hartford,,  where  he  filled 
many  responsible  positions  with  credit.     Col.  Wm.  Ledyard, 


130  History  of  the  Church 

the  victim  of  Fort  Griswold,  was  his  son,  and  John  Ledyard, 
the  famous  traveler,  who,  at  the  termination  of  his  voyage 
down  the  Great  River,  planted  the  "  Ledyard  Elm,"  on  Arch 
Street,  was  his  grandson.  The  meetings  of  the  Society  in 
1767  were  held,  sometimes  at  the  Meeting  House,  sometimes 
at  the  Grammar  Schoolhouse,  and  sometimes  at  private 
houses.  Daniel  Sheldon  was  Clerk  of  the  Society,  John  Led- 
yard and  Capt.  Jonathan  Seymour  are  mentioned  as  mod- 
erators. On  the  29th  of  January,  1767,  action  was  taken 
towards  the  settlement  of  a  colleague  pastor.  Mr.  Whit- 
man, after  thirty-five  years  of  hard  service,  was  ill  and 
weak,  and  had  for  some  time  been  unable  to  preach,  and 
there  was  little  prospect  of  his  "recovery  to  such  a  degree  of 
health  as  to  afford  a  constant  supply  of  the  pulpit  in  time  to 
come."  Rev.  William  Patten  had  been  preaching  for  some 
time  to  general  satisfaction,  and  it  was  therefore  agreed  and 
voted  to  call  and  settle  him  in  the  ministry  with  Mr.  Whit- 
man. John  Ledyard,  Esq.,  Thomas  Seymour,  Esq.,  Capt. 
Jonathan  Seymour,  Capt.  Daniel  Bull,  and  Mr.  Daniel 
Sheldon  were  appointed  a  committee  to  confer  with  Mr. 
Patten,  and  also  with  Mr.  Whitman  and  the  church.  Mr. 
Isaac  Sheldon  and  Mr.  Thomas  Seymour  were  soon  after 
added  to  this  committee. 

On  the  favorable  report  of  this  committee,  the  Society  at 
a  meeting,  March  30,  1767,  took  action  as  follows: 

Voted,  "  That  we  will  make  and  give  to  Rev.  Mr.  Patten,  his  heirs, 
etc.,  a  lease  for  nine  hundred  ninety-nine  years,  at  the  rate  of  one  pepper 
corn  per  annum  rent,  of  one  acre  of  land  belonging  to  this  Society  given  us 
by  Mrs.  Ann  Burnham,  mother  of  Joseph  Buckingham,  Esq.,  late  of  flart- 
ford,  deceased,  situate  in  said  Hartford,  lying  south  of  the  Meeting-House 
of  said  Society  ;  and  said  acre  of  land  is  that  which  Hes  next  adjoining 
land  the  Society  have  leased  out  to  Capt.  Jonathan  Seymour  ;  and  also, 
the  sum  of  three  hundred  and  fifty  pounds,  lawful  money,  as  a  settle- 
ment, to  be  paid  in  a  reasonable  time,  provided  he  agree  to  settle  in 
manner  as  abovesaid,  and  said  sum  we  oblige  ourselves  to  pay  in  labor 
and  materials  suitable  to  build  a  house,  barn,  etc.,  .  .  .  provided 
nevertheless,  that  if  the  said  Mr.  Patten  should  be  called  to  any  more 
public  service,  or  shall  of  himself,  or  on  his  own  account  and  default  leave 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnathan    Whitman  131 

said  society  and  cease  from  his  work  of  the  ministry  among  us,  then,  and 
in  such  case,  he  shall  return  to  this  society  of  the  settlement  we  now  agree 
to  give  him,  in  manner  as  follows,  viz.  :  If  said  Mr.  Patten  continues  with 
us  thirty  years,  no  part  of  his  settlement  is  to  be  returned  ;  if  he  leaves 
us  at  the  end  of  ten  years,  he  is  to  return  two-thirds  ;  if  at  the  end  of 
twenty  years,  one-third  of  his  settlement,  .  .  .  and  we  do  agree  that 
Mr.  Patten  shall  have  one  acre  of  land  to  improve  during  his  ministry, 
.     .     .     next  to  his  building  lot. " 

It  was  voted  to  grant  Mr.  Patten  for  his  salary  one  hun- 
dred pounds,  lawful  money,  per  annum,  and  "such  further 
sum  hereafter  as  his  necessities  may  require  and  our  abilities 
shall  enable  us  to  do." 

It  was  voted,  in  June,  "  to  continue  the  contributions 
on  Sabbath  days,  as  usual,"  and  that  the  money  so  collected 
be  paid  to  Mr.  Patten  in  part  of  his  salary. 

Due  care  was  taken  to  protect  Mr.  Whitman's  position 
and  privileges.  It  was  voted  to  pay  him  eighty-five  pounds 
per  annum,  and  to  give  him  the  continued  use  of  the 
parsonage  land. 

Mr.  Patten  accepted  the  call  in  a  pleasing  letter,  which 
need  not  be  quoted  in  full.  He  spoke  humbly  of  himself, 
reverentially  of  Mr.  Whitman,  gratefully  of  the  unanimity  of 
the  Church  and  Society,  and  delicately  hinted  that,  as  his 
family  was  a  large  and  growing  one,  his  expenses  might 
need  some  further  relief.  "  Permit  me  to  indulge  the  pleas- 
ing belief  that  there  is  too  much  religion  and  generosity 
in  Hartford,  to  suffer  them  to  deny  a  comfortable  support  to 
the  Gospel,  or  to  reduce  the  Ambassador  of  Peace  to  dis- 
tressing circumstances." 

Considering  the  hardness  of  the  times  and  the  fact  that 
two  ministers  must  needs  be  supported,  and  comparing 
what  was  thus  provided  with  the  settlements  and  salaries 
of  neighboring  ministers,  the  Society  must  be  credited  with 
generosity  in  its  dealings,  both  with  the  old  and  the  new 
minister.  The  record  shows  with  what  difficulty  the 
engagements  were  kept.  So  long  as  he  lived  Mr.  Whitman 
received  his  salary   annually    and   enjoyed   the   parsonage. 


132  History  of  tJie  Church 

receiving  from  time  to  time  tender  assurances  of  the 
veneration  of  his  people.  In  1753,  when  the  meeting-house 
was  in  process  of  erection,  Nathaniel  Stanley  advanced  a 
sum  of  money  that  was  urgently  needed,  thirty  pounds, 
for  which  Captain  Jonathan  Seymour  had  given  his  own 
note  payable  with  interest.  On  the  death  of  Mr.  Stanley 
this  note  had  becoine  the  property  of  Mr.  Whitman  (whose 
wife  was  Mr.  Stanley's  daughter),  who  for  many  years 
forbore  to  ask  for  any  settlement  thereof,  knowing  the  diffi- 
culties in  which  the  Society  labored.  But  his  kindness  was 
warmly  recognized,  and  the  note,  with  lawful  interest 
thereon,  was  accepted  by  the  Society  and,  in  due  time, 
settled. 

Mr.  Patten  was  installed  on  the  23d  of  September,  1767. 
In  the  Connecticut  Courant,  Sept.  28,  1767,  a  letter  was  pub- 
lished, signed  "  J.  C,"  containing  a  particular  account  of 
the  installation  service,  and  the  entire  charge  given  by  Mr. 
Whitman  to  his  colleague.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Pitkin  of  Farm- 
ington  made  the  first  prayer  on  the  occasion  ;  Rev.  Mr. 
Wheelock  of  Lebanon  (whose  daughter  Mr.  Patten  had  mar- 
ried) preached  a  suitable  sermon  to  a  numerous  audience, 
from  Philippians  2:20-21;  Rev.  Mr.  Pomroy  of  Hebron 
made  the  prayer  before  the  charge,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bissell 
of  Wintonbury  made  that  after  it,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Lock- 
wood  of  Wethersfield  gave  the  right  hand  of  fellowship. 
"  The  whole  was  conducted  with  decency  and  decorum." 
Nothing  is  said  about  the  variety  and  superiority  of  the 
music  on  that  occasion.  It  is,  perhaps,  a  fair  inference  that 
it,  also,  was  "decent  and  decorous."  The  charge  delivered 
by  Mr.  Whitman  was  largely  Scriptural,  and  yet  the  sacred 
sentences  were  lovingly  interwoven,  and  the  venerable  pas- 
tor's own  words  were  simple,  tender,  earnest,  and  impres- 
sive. One  sentence  of  it  may  be  quoted  as  containing  a 
true  but  now  neglected  part  of  such  a  service  : 

"We,  the  ministers  of  Jesus  Christ,  convened  in  Council  tipon 
this  occasion,  do,  in  the  name  of  Christ  and  with  the  concurrence  of 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnathan    Whitman  133 

the  messengers  of  the  churches  here  present,  commit  to  you  the  care 
of  this  church,  as  their  colleague  pastor." 

The  original  and  proper  idea  of  the  "  charge  to  the 
Pastor,"  on  his  installation,  is  not  that  of  charging,  in  the 
sense  of  loading  him  with  all  sorts  of  solemn  exhortations, 
but  in  formally  putting  him  in  charge  of  the  church  over 
which  he  is  installed.  The  exhortation  is  incidental.  Mod- 
ern usage  has  dropped  the  main  part  altogether,  and  pain- 
fully developed  the  incidental.  In  the  Courant  for  Sept.  30, 
1767,  are  the  following  lines  addressed  to  Mr.  Whitman,  and 
referring  to  his  charge  of  the  week  previous  : 

"  Behold  the  venerable  seer  began  ! 
Strange  the  attention  and  the  listening  ear  ! 
As  when  the  dying  father  calls  to  his  bed 
His  children,  bidding  his  last  farewell. 
Solemn  the  charge,  instructive  ever}'  line, 
"While  flowing  tears  bedewed  the  hearers'  cheeks. 
Blessed  man  !  for  spotless  sanctity  renowned, 
Loved  by  the  good  and  by  the  guilty  feared, 
No  railing  pen  can  sully  your  deserts. 
Nor  blot  your  name  from  the  celestial  roll. 
Unfading  crowns  and  laurels  evergreen, 
Immortal  prizes,  wait  for  you  above." 

While  as  yet  the  vSociety  was  arranging  for  conferences 
with  Mr.  Patten,  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee  appointed 
for  that  purpose,  Thomas  Seymour,  Esq.,  was  removed  by 
death.  From  the  "  Memorandum  Book  "  of  his  son,  before 
referred  to,  it  appears  that  "  he  was  a  Deacon  in  the  South 
Church."  He  was  great-grandson  of  Richard,  who  was 
among  the  early  settlers  of  Hartford  ;  grandson  of  John,  who 
died  in  1712  ;  and  son  of  Capt.  Thomas,  who  died  in  1740,  in 
the  72d  year  of  his  age,  "a  man  much  esteemed  and  em- 
ployed in  public  affairs."  He  graduated  at  Yale  in  1724, 
married  Hepzibah,  daughter  of  Dea.  Daniel  Merrils,  in  1730, 
was  King's  attorney  in  Hartford  County,  and  was  one  of  the 
strong  men  of  the  colony.  He  died,  March  18,  1767,  and  the 
Second  Church  lost  not  only  a  faithful  Deacon,  but  a  stout 


134 


History  of  the  CJnirch 


support.  He  had  eleven  children,  among-  whom  were  Caro- 
line and  Hannah,  whose  names  are  inscribed  in  the  earliest 
extant  book  of  Society  Records  as  the  donors  thereof,  and 
Thomas,  whose  name  continually  appears  on  the  Society 
Records  of  the  ensuing  years,  who  was  also  a  Deacon  of  the 
Church,  and  who  lived  to  a  g^eat  age. 

The  following  entry  is  copied  from  the  "  Memorandum 
Book  "  mentioned  above:  — 

"A  summary  of  the  origin  of  my  ancestors  from  their  first  coming 
from  England  and  settlement  in  this  Town,  and  of  the  time  of  their  births 
and  deaths,  so  far  as  appears  from  old  Books  and  entries  found  and  now 
in  my  possession,  and  the  information  of  old  people  now  deceased. 

Richard  Seymour,  from  England,  was  the  first  of  the  name,  and 
amongst  the  early  settlers  of  the  Town  [1639],  and  from  whom  the  numer- 
ous families  of  that  name  (it  is  said)  have  descended  in  America,  particu- 
larly in  this  Town  and  in  Connecticut.  He  had  several  sons,  one  of  which 
was  named  John,  my  great-grandfather,  and  settled  in  this  Town  [one  of 
the  founders  of  the  Second  Church].  Another  of  them  [Thomas],  settled 
in  Norwalk,  whose  posterity  remain  there  till  this  day.  Capt.  Thomas 
Seymour,  the  son  of  John,  died  August  30th,  1740,  aged  72.  His  mother's 
name  was  Watson  [daughter  of  John  Watson.  His  wife  was  a  Norton]. 
Tho7nas  Seymour,  Esq.,  my  Father,  died  March,  1767,  aged  62.  He 
was  a  Deacon  of  the  2d  Church,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  King's  attorney, 
&c.,  &c.:  married  in  the  year  1730  to  Hepzibah  Merrel,  Daughter  of 
Deacon  Daniel  Merrel.  Their  children  were:  — 
orn  Jan.  7,  173 
"     May  173 

"     Oct.  173 

"  March  17,  173 
"     May,  173 

"  Fdb.  7,  174 
"  March,  174 
"     Nov.  174 

"     Aug.  174 

"     June,  175 

George,  died  young,  in  1738. 
1736. 
All  my  Brothers  and  Sisters  are  now  dead,  except  Caroline.     My 
mother  survived  my  father  about  20  years,     [she  died,  1788.] 

Attest,  Sept.  2d,  1816.  T.  Seymour,  aged  81  years,  &  6  months,  the 
17th  day  of  this  month." 


fared,       born  Jan.        7,  1731 

Eunice, 

'     May            1732 

David, 

'     Oct.            1733 

[died  1770.] 

Thomas, 

'     March  17,  1735 

Hepzibah, 

'     May,           1738 

Ruth, 

'     Fdb.       7,  1740 

Hannah, 

'     March,       1742 

George, 

'     Nov.           1743 

Caroline, 

'     Aug.           1745 

fane. 

•     June,          1750 

He  was  the  5th  child,  born  in 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  ElnatJian    Whitina?i  135 

The  writer  of  the  foregoing  entry  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1755,  married  a  daughter  of  John  Ledyard,  Esq., 
succeeded  his  father  as  King's  Attorney,  served  in  the  war 
for  Independence,  was  Hartford's  first  mayor,  1784,  and  died 
July  30,  1829,  in  the  95th  year  of  his  age.  Three  of  his  sons, 
TJiomas  K,  Ledyard,  and  William,  graduated  from  Yale.  Two 
of  them,  TJiomas  V.  and  William,  were  Revolutionary  soldiers. 
His  son  Henry  was  for  many  years  Treasurer  of  the  vSecond 
Society.  Col.  Thomas  II.  Seymour  was  the  son  of  Henry,  and 
a  daughter  of  Henry,  Mary,  not  long  since  died  in  the  com- 
munion of  this  Church.  For  more  than  two  hundred  years 
this  Seymour  family  maintained  an  unbroken  continuity  of 
membership  in  this  Church  or  Society  which  John  Seamer 
helped  to  found,  and  for  the  greater  part  of  that  time  exer- 
cised a  commanding  influence  in  its  affairs. 

Several  items  of  interest  may  be  mentioned  here. 
Steps  were  taken  to  secure  Capt.  Chalker's  house  and  home- 
stead for  Mr.  Patten's  temporary  use. 

In  the  absence  of  Capt.  Jonathan  Seymour,  Mr.  Thomas 
Seymour  was  appointed  to  "read  the  Psalm."  Mr.  James 
Bunce  was  added  to  the  Committee  for  "  seating  the  meet- 
ing-house." 

A  company  of  singing-masters,  organized  at  Walling- 
ford  for  the  encouragement  of  psalmody  in  the  government, 
arranged  to  come  to  Hartford,  in  October,  1769,  and  hold  a 
meeting  or  convention  in  the  South  Church.  They  tried 
"  several  new  pieces  of  music  with  instruments,"  and  a  ser- 
mon was  preached  on  the  occasion.  The  new  style  of  sing- 
ing was  evidently  making  progress. 

An  advertisement  of  theological  significance  appeared 
in  the  Courant  of  the  same  year,  viz.,  of  two  discourses  by 
the  Rev.  John  Smalley,  a  minister  in  Farmington,  "  wherein 
the  sinner's  inability  to  comply  with  the  gospel  is  stated  and 
confirmed ;  and  the  propriety  ....  of  exhorting  men 
to  do,  and  blaming  them  for  not  doing  what  no  man,  in  their 
circumstances  can  do,  is  particularly  considered."     The  in- 


136  History  of  the  Church 

consistency  of  giving-  tip  the  half-way  covenant  and  keeping 
up  the  half-way  practice  is  one  of  Rev.  Joseph  Bellamy's 
topics.  Advocates  of  the  old  ways  printed  articles  con- 
demning all  tendencies  to  toleration,  and  urging  the  elec- 
tion of  only  such  men  to  office  as  would  unflinchingly  sup- 
port the  Saybrook  Platform. 

The  following  notification  is  breezy  with  a  local  spirit : 

"  Hartford  May  30th  1767. 
"  whereas  a  challenge  was  given  by  fifteen  men  south  of  the  great 
bridge  in  Hartford  to  an  equal  number  north  of  said  bridge,  to  play  a 
game  of  cricket  the  day  after  the  last  election  ;  the  Public  are  hereby  in- 
formed that  the  challenged  beat  the  challengers  by  a  great  majority. 
Now  said  North  do  hereby  acquaint  the  South  side,  that  they  are  not 
afraid  to  meet  them  with  any  number  they  shall  choose,  and  give  them 
the  liberty  of  picking  their  men  among  themselves,  and  also  the  best 
players  both  in  the  West  Division  and  Wethersfield.     Witness  our  hands 

(in  the  name  of  the  whole  company). 

"  William  Pratt, 

"  NiELL  McLean  Jr." 

One  reads  a  description  of  an  escaped  convict,  and 
among  the  marks  given  is  a  large  letter  B,  branded  on  the 
forehead,  for  burglary.  Another  poor  wretch  is  described 
whose  back  has  been  repeatedly  lacerated  by  scourgings, 
and  he  must  endure  several  whippings  yet,  when  his  flesh 
shall  have  healed.  He  was  a  thief  and  tramp,  and  was  also 
branded. 

In  1770  the  Society  voted,  that  "whereas  the  late 
method  of  Contribution"  appears  to  be  unequal,  for  the 
future  the  contributors  shall  "  inclose  and  wrap  up  the 
money  they  shall  deliver  into  the  contribution-box,  in  a 
piece  of  paper  or  otherwise,  with  their  names  fairly  written 
and  noted  thereon,  so  that  it  may  be  known  whose  and  how 
much  it  is,  that  each  person  may  have  the  credit  of  the  same 
toward  his  proportion  of  the  annual  salary."  All  "  loose, 
uncovered  money  "  contributed  was  to  be  kept  separate,  and 
used  for  the  poor,  or  as  the  Committee  should  think  best. 

The  Society,  as  distinct  from  the  Church,  seems  to  have 
managed  all  such  matters. 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  El n  at  ha  n    Whitman  137 

A  curious  way  of  paying-  the  Pastor's  salary  is  disclosed 
in  action  taken,  as  follows  :  The  Society,  being  in  arrears 
about  forty  pounds,  and  wishing-  to  pay  not  only  that  sum 
but  the  salary  for  the  ensuing  year  as  well,  appointed  a 
Committee  to  make  out  a  rate-bill  for  the  sum  of  one  hun- 
dred and  forty  pounds,  shewing  each  person's  proportion, 
and  this  rate-bill  was  put  into  Mr.  Patten's  hands.  The 
people  were  expected  "  and  strongly  recommended  "  to  call 
and  pay  their  assessments  during  the  year.  If  any  should 
remain  unpaid  at  the  end  of  the  year,  a  collector  would  pro- 
ceed by  law  to  collect  them. 

Such  arrangements  were  almost  necessary  when  rates 
were  paid  in  wood,  grain,  labor,  or  whatsoever  one  could  best 
furnish. 

In  the  summer  of  1771  the  meeting--house  was  struck  by 
lightning  and  considerably  damaged,  and  it  was  voted  to 
raise  the  sum  of  ninety  pounds  to  be  laid  out  for  repairing 
the  meeting-house  and  steeple.  Messrs.  William  Stanley, 
Joseph  Barrett,  and  Jairus  Church  were  appointed  a  Com- 
mittee to  prosecute  and  effect  the  work,  and  Mr.  Jonathan 
Bull  and  Epaphras  Bull  were  made  collectors. 

The  names  of  Capt.  Aaron  Bull,  Jos.  Sheldon,  Edward 
Dod,  Thos.  Clap,  Aaron  Cambell,  Isaac  Tucker,  Barnabas 
Hinsdale,  Enoch  Crosby,  Samuel  Waters,  Jonathan  Brown, 
Asa  Benton,  Charles  Seymour,  George  Nichols,  John 
Gurney,  and  Elisha  Egleston  are  some  of  those  which 
appear  in  the  records  of  that  time.  Several  names  of 
negroes  appear  in  the  rate-lists  :  "  Cato  Toby,"  "  Cato 
who  belonged  to  Esq.  Buckingham,"  .  .  .  .  "  Prince 
negro,"  and  "  Cato  negro."  Their  rates  were  commonly 
abated. 

In  the  Record  of  a  meeting  of  the  Society  held  August 
6,  1772,  the  following  significant  entry  appears:  "Whereas 
there  is  an  uneasiness  in  this  Society  respecting  the  Rev. 
Wm.  Patten,  the  question  being  put  whether  this  Society  are 
willing  an  inquiry  should  be  made  into  said  uneasiness, — 
voted  in  the  affirmative." 


138  History  of  the  Church 

Nothing  more  concerning  this  matter  appears  in  the 
records  of  the  next  four  months,  and  then  the  allusion  to  it 
is  brief  and  guarded. 

In  June,  1772,  unpleasant  reports  concerning  Mr.  Patten's 
too  free  use  of  intoxicating  liquors  were  rife  in  the  town. 
Not  only  his  own  church,  but  the  First  or  North  Church,  as 
well,  was  affected  by  these  reports  ;  for,  owing  to  the  illness 
of  Mr.  Dorr  and  his  inability  to  perform  his  duties  without 
assistance,  the  ministers  of  the  South  Church  had  been  so- 
licited to  supply  his  pulpit  "as  occasion  may  be."  Certain 
memoranda  by  J.  Lawrence,  who  belonged  to  the  First  So- 
ciety, beginning  with  June  17th  and  ending  with  June  28, 
1772,  clearly  indicate  that  the  South  Church  ministers  had 
been  in  the  way  of  supplying  the  First  Church  pulpit,  as  they 
were  from  time  to  time  invited  to  do  so.  These  "  minutes 
with  respect  to  Mr.  Patten,"  in  Mr.  Lawrence's  handwriting, 
show  that  on  hearing  the  unfavorable  reports,  the  com- 
mittee of  the  First  Society  were  "  warned  to  consider  what 
was  best  to  be  done."  It  was  wisely  agreed  by  them  to 
"  keep  ourselves  and  the  Society  clear,  if  possible,  and,  in  or- 
der for  that,  to  higher  no  minister  nor  invite  them  unless 
providentially  here."  An  effort  was  made  by  Capt.  Keith  to 
get  signatures  to  a  memorial  requesting  the  committee  to  in- 
vite Mr.  Patten  to  preach, — "  what  put  it  into  the  head  of  this 
man  to  undertake  this  service,  God  only  knows," — but  the 
memorial  was  not  presented.  The  Sabbath  following,  June 
2ist,  Mr.  Howe  (whom  the  First  Church  had  endeavored  to 
secure)  was  to  preach  in  Wethersfield,  and  "  Mr.  Whitman 
and  he  changed,  and  Mr.  How  supplied  Mr.  Dorr's  pulpit  in 
the  forenoon,  which  the  committee  did  not  know  about  be- 
fore,"— which  shows  that  Mr.  Whitman  was  supplying  the 
First  Church  pulpit  that  day.  "  Betwixt  meetings,  Capt. 
Olcott,  of  his  own  head,  without  any  advice  from  the  com- 
mittee, informs  Mr.  Patten  that  he  and  Capt.  Wadsworth  had 
children  to  christen,  and  desired  him  to  come  to  the  North 
Meeting  House  in  the  afternoon,  letting  him  know  he  was 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnathan    Whitman  139 

one  of  the  committee.  Accordingly  he  preached  to  us  to 
g-ood  satisfaction  and  to  a  very  full  congregation." 

Mr  Lawrence  adds,  "  there  appears  something  very  ex- 
traordinary in  all  this,  beyond  my  accounting  for  —  hope  it 
will  turn  out  to  the  glory  of  God."  The  next  Sabbath,  June 
28th,  Mr.  Lawrence  attended  public  worship  at  the  South 
Meeting  House,  and  witnessed  a  singular  scene.  There  was 
no  one  to  direct  the  meeting.  Capt.  Daniel  Bull  (a  godly 
Deacon  of  the  South  Church),  made  some  attempt  to  speak, 
"but  did  not,"  for  what  reason  Lawrence  "could  not  tell,  no 
authority  there,  nor  constable."  He  thought  it  "  something 
extraordinary  —  how  came  it  about  cannot  say." 

A  complete  account  of  the  proceedings  against  Mr. 
Patten,  and  of  the  doings  of  both  councils  held  to  consider 
the  case,  is  in  the  possession  of  the  writer.  The  general 
charge  against  Mr.  Patten  was  that  of  intemperance,  "in  the 
unseasonable  and  excessive  use  of  spirituous  liquors."  It 
was  formally  drawn  and  presented  to  the  church  by  Daniel 
Steele,  Jonathan  Wells,  and  James  Bunce,  "for  ourselves  and 
for  the  rest  of  the  members  of  said  church."  There  were 
some  twenty  distinct  specifications,  naming  times  and  places, 
and  many  of  these  specified  charges  were  accompanied  by 
the  signatures  of  two  or  more  witnesses.  From  one  of  these 
specifications  it  appears  that  the  corporation  of  Dartmouth 
College  was  convened  at  Mr.  Patten's  house.  There  were 
also  minor  charges  of  prevarication,  but  these  were  declared 
"  not  sustained  "  by  the  council. 

In  pursuance  of  Letters  Missive  from  the  Senior  Pastor 
of  the  Second  Church,  a  council  convened  at  Hartford,  Oct. 
6,  1772,  to  hear  and  judge  of  the  aforesaid  complaint.  The 
following  ministers  were  present : — Solomon  Williams  of 
East  Hartford,  Edward  Eels  of  Cromwell,  Hezekiah  Bissell 
of  Bloomfield,  Nathan  Strong  of  North  Coventry,  Joseph 
Huntington  of  Coventry,  and  Enoch  Huntington  of  Middle- 
town.  The  following  delegates  or  messengers  were  present : — 
Dea.  Samuel  Huntington,  Nath'l  Chauncy,  Esq.,   Dea.  Wm. 


140  History  of  the  Church 

Manly,  Capt.  Eliphalet  Carpenter,  Ephraim  Root,  Esq.,  Dea. 
Joseph  Clark. 

The  Council  was  continued  from  time  to  time,  by  sev- 
eral adjournments,  till  the  29th  of  January,  1773,  and  the 
whole  case  seems  to  have  been  thoroughly  investigated,  to- 
gether with  Mr.  Patten's  defense.  The  opinion  of  the  Coun- 
cil was  that, 

"  in  most  of  the  Instances  particularly  charged,  the  Proof  is  not 
sufficient  to  support  the  charge,  but  Charity  obliges  us  to  impute  the 
actions  which  are  charged  as  criminal  effects  of  Intemperance,  to  the 
natural  Disorder  Mr.  Patten  is  subject  to.  But  in  some  of  the  Instances 
we  judge  it  is  proved  that  Mr.  Patten  had  used  strong  liquors  in  so  un- 
seasonable and  intemperate  a  manner  as  did  either  cause  those  actions 
which  the  witnesses  judged  the  Signs  of  Drunkenness,  or  did  bring  on 
or  increase  Mr.  Patten's  natural  Disorder." 

Mr.  Patten  was  admonished  to  ''make  suitable  Christian 
Reflexions "  upon  his  conduct,  and,  upon  his  doing  so,  the 
Brethren  were  advised  "to  forgive  him  and  bury  all  that  is 
past  in  oblivion."  But  in  case  no  pacification  could  be  at- 
tained, Mr.  Patten  was  advised  to  ask  dismission,  and  the 
Church  to  grant  it.  And  the  Council  decided  that  in  case 
Mr.  Patten  should  comply  with  their  advice,  they  would  dis- 
miss him  with  commendation  to  the  churches. 

This  Council  was  composed  of  eminently  able  and 
judicious  men,  and  their  Result  was  a  charitable,  and,  we 
cannot  doubt,  a  wise  one.  But  the  Church  and  Society  in- 
sisted upon  Mr.  Patten's  withdrawal,  as  a  vote  of  the  Soci- 
ety, Feb.  15,  1773,  indicates. 

On  the  6th  of  April,  1773,  another  Council  convened  in 
Hartford,  "  to  consider  and  determine  whether  it  is  expedi- 
ent that  y*  Pastoral  Relation  be  dissolved  between  the  Rev*^ 
William  Patten  and  the  Church  and  People  under  his  care 
and  Pastoral  charge."  It  was  substantially  the  same  Coun- 
cil as  before.  After  a  full  hearing  of  the  case  and  mature 
deliberation  thereon  the  Council  judged  and  determined  that 
"  it  is  expedient  that  the  said  Rev.  Wm.  Patten  be  now  Dis- 
missed and  Discharged  from  his  Pastoral  Relation     .... 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnatliaii    WJiiiman  141 

and  we  do  now  declare  that  the  said  Pastoral  Relation  be- 
tween Mr.  Patten  and  this  People  is  Dissolved." 

The  Council  further  judg-ed  that  j\Ir.  Patten  had  com- 
plied with  the  advice  of  the  former  Council,  and  that  he  was 
tlierefore  entitled  to  Recommendation.  "  And  this  Council 
do  now  Recommend  the  said  Rev.  William  Patten  to  the 
great  work  of  the  Gospel  ministry  in  the  churches  of  Christ, 
wheresoever  Divine  Providence  shall  call  him."  It  is 
worthy  of  remark  that  Congregational  councils  in  Connecti- 
cut, at  that  period,  exercised  something  more  than  advisory 
powers.  They  declared  the  dissolution  of  Pastoral  Relations, 
even  as  they  invested  candidates-elect  with  Pastoral  func- 
tions. 

The  whole  case  was  sad  enough,  and  there  was  evi- 
dently some  prejudice  against  Mr.  Patten,  and  some  degree 
of  misunderstanding  concerning  him,  in  the  Parish.  And 
while  he  was  doubtless  somewhat  at  fault,  as  were  many  in 
tha,t  day,  yet  the  deliberate  action  of  the  Council  concerning 
him  entitles  him  to  respectful  and  sympathetic  remem- 
brance. He  was  physically  delicate,  and  lived  but  two  years 
after  his  dismissal  from  the  pastorate  here.  He  died,  June 
16,  1775,  at  his  father's  house  in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  aged  thirty- 
five  years.  He  was  a  descendant  of  William,  who  lived  at 
Cambridge,  1 645-1 668,  the  son  of  Nathaniel,  and  was  born 
at  Billerica,  near  Boston,  in  1738.  He  was  graduated  at 
Harvard  in  1754,  settled  at  Halifax,  Mass.,  in  1758,  where  he 
preached  until  his  call  to  Hartford  in  1767.  He  married 
Ruth,  daughter  of  Rev.  Eleazar  Wheelock  of  Lebanon,  and 
she,  with  six  children,  survived  him.  She  was,  in  all  re- 
spects, a  most  remarkable  woman,  and  died  in  Hartford  in 
1 83 1,  at  the  age  of  ninety-one  years.  His  son.  Rev.  William 
Patten,  D.D.,  preached  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  for  nearly  half  a 
century,  and  died  in  Hartford  in  1839,  aged  seventy-six. 
Another  son,  George  Jeffrey,  taught  a  school  in  this  city  for 
nearly  thirty  years,  and  died  in  1830.  His  daughters,  Ruth 
and  Mary,  also  taught  in  Hartford,  and  died  here  —  one  in 


142  History  of  the  Church 

1850,  aged  eighty-six,  and  the  other  the  same  year,  aged 
eighty-one.  The  mother  and  daughters  became  members  of 
the  First  Church  shortly  after  Mr.  Patten's  dismissal,  and 
died  in  that  communion. 

In  the  old  North  Burying-Ground,  near  its  southern 
boundary,  is  a  plain  but  neat  monument,  in  excellent  preser- 
vation, on  the  four  faces  of  which  are  tender  inscriptions  to 
the  memory  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Patten,  and  of  their  seven  chil- 
dren. 

The  late  Professor  Thacher  of  Yale  College,  when  a 
lad,  attended  the  school  kept  by  the  Misses  Patten,  and  some 
very  pleasant  reminiscences  of  that  school-time  may  be 
found  in  the  first  volume  of  the  Memorial  History  of  Hart- 
ford County,  volume  I,  page  635.  A  few  sentences  may  be 
quoted  : 

"During  the  forty  years  which  preceded  my  exceptional  admission 
to  it,  it  had  gained  great  celebrity.  Mrs.  Patten  did  not  engage  in  teach- 
ing at  the  time  of  which  I  speak  (about  1820).  Even  her  daughters  were 
well  advanced  in  years.  But  I  well  remember  their  gentleness  and  gen- 
tiUty,  and  a  certain  combination  of  cheerfulness  and  sobriety  which  char- 
acterized them.  They  lived  and  taught  in  a  plain  mansion  in  Church 
Street,  just  west  of  the  present  site  of  Christ  Church.  The  exterior  of 
the  house  was  not  very  inviting  ;  but  there  is  scarcely  a  more  charming 
picture  brought  down  in  my  memory  from  my  childhood  than  the  bright, 
cheerful  apartment  occupied  as  a  sitting-room  by  the  aged  and  still  cheer- 
ful mother  of  this  unique  family.  Her  presence  in  it  would  have  been 
enough  to  make  it  attractive  to  a  child. 

"  The  brother's  school  was  kept  in  a  large  room  '  in  a  building  on  the 
west  side  of  Main  Street,  just  above  Asylum  Street.' " 

[It  may  be  added  that  several  sermons  preached  by  Rev.  Mr.  Pat- 
ten were  printed,  and  may  be  found  in  the  Historical  Society's  Library. 
They  indicate  that  he  was  a  pleasing  but  not  a  profound  preacher.] 

Mr.  Whitman  was  thus  left,  in  his  old  age,  to  bear  alone 
the  burdens  of  the  ministry  in  this  Church.  His  early  asso- 
ciate and  dear  friend,  Rev.  Mr.  Wadsworth  of  the  First 
Church,  died  Nov.  12,  1747.  He  had  assisted  at  the  installa- 
tion of  Rev.  Edward  Dorr  over  the  First  Church,  April  27, 
1748,  preaching  the  sermon   and  giving  the  right  hand  of 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.   Elnathan    Whitman  143 

fellowship  on  that  occasion,  and  had  preached  the  funeral 
sermon  at  Mr.  Dorr's  death,  in  October,  1772.  On  Januar}' 
5,  1774,  he  gave  the  charge  on  the  occasion  of  the  ordination 
and  settlement  of  the  Rev.  Nathan  Strong,  Jr.,  late  Tutor  of 
Yale  College.' 

The  venerable  pastor  seems  to  have  had  sufficient 
strength  to  preach  in  his  own  pulpit  most  of  the  time  until 
just  before  his  death,  for  his  "service"  is  owned  in  the 
Society  record,  from  year  to  year,  nor  is  any  mention  made 
of  assistance  procured  him  until  Feb.,  1777,  when  the  Stand- 
ing Committee  were  authorized  "to  supply  the  pulpit  with  a 
Preacher  during  the  Rev.  Mr.  Whitman's  illness,  or  until  the 
Society  shall  order  otherwise." 

The  disturbing  question  of  singing  in  worship  engaged 
the  attention  of  the  Society  about  this  time.  In  1773  the 
following  action  was  taken  : 

"  Whereas  Messrs.  Ebenezer  Watson  and  Epaphras  Bull,  two  mem- 
bers of  this  Society,  with  others  have  been  at  much  pains  and  trouble  in 
teaching  the  art  of  Psalmody  to  the  people  and  youth  of  said  Society,  and 
have,  by  their  application  and  assiduity  therein,  brought  the  same  to  very 
considerable  perfection  with  a  view  to  practice  the  same  &c. ;  It  is  there- 
fore Voted  and  agreed  by  this  Society,  that  the  same  shall  be  introduced 
for  the  future  (or  until  this  Society  shall  otherwise  order)  and  they,  the 
said  Ebenezer  and  Epaphras,  are  desired  to  attend  and  lead  therein  upon 
the  Sabbath  or  every  Lord's  iJay,  according  to  the  mode  and  form  which 
they  have  lately  practised  and  instructed,  as  aforesaid."  At  the  same 
time  the  Society  voted  to  omit  the  reading  of  the  Psalm,  "  as  heretofore 
practised." 

What  was  "  the  mode  and  form "  of  Psalmody  thus 
adopted?  From  the  time,  1721,  when  Rev.  Thomas  Walter 
of  Roxbury  put  forth  his  new  singing-book  containing  "  In- 
structions for  singing  by  note,"  as  well  as  three-part  psalm- 

i  The  Connecticut  Courant,  Jan.  u,  1774,  gives  an  account  of  Mr.  Strong's  ordina- 
tion. The  Reverend  Council  walked  in  procession  from  Capt.  Ledlie's  house  (where 
the  AUyn  House  Hotel  now  stands)  to  the  Meeting  House,  preceded  by  members  of 
the  First  Church  and  the  Society  Committee.  The  religious  services  began  and 
ended  with  an  Anthem.  The  procession  then  formed  again  and  returned  to  Capt. 
Ledlie's,  where  a  generous  entertainment  was  enjoyed. 


144  History  of  the  Church 

tunes,  all  borrowed  from  English  publications,  there  had 
been  a  slow  but  gradual  improvemient  throughout  New  Eng- 
land in  psalmody.  Walter's  book  and  other  subsequent 
compilations  contributed  greatly  to  stimulate  a  popular  inter- 
est in  music.  Singing  schools  soon  began  to  spring  up,  and 
the  young  people  were  taught  to  sing  by  note.  Teachers 
went  from  place  to  place,  instructing  schools,  organizing 
societies,  and  creating  an  enthusiasm  which  could  not  be 
suppressed.  Thomas  Bailey,  of  Newburyport,  published 
several  collections  (1755-1769)  consisting  of  psalm-tunes  from 
Tansur,  Playford,  and  Williams,  and  also  some  rather  florid 
anthems.  Choirs  were  formed  and  instruments  were  used. 
Resistance  was  stout  but  unavailing,  and,  little  by  little,  the 
choirs  found  favor  with  Committees  and  were  installed  in 
the  meeting-houses.  Gradually  the  "  new-singing  "  became 
ambitious,  and  displayed  itself  in  tunes  and  anthems  which 
were  fearfully  and  wonderfully  constructed.  In  1770,  the 
"  New  England  Psalm  Singer  "  was  published  in  Boston,  the 
work  of  William  Billings,  the  first  American  composer,  con- 
taining a  goodly  number  and  variety  of  new  and  sprightly 
psalm-tunes,  anthems,  and  canons.  He  had  no  knowledge  of 
harmony,  but  a  rude  musical  "gift"  and  an  original  enthu- 
siasm were  expressed  in  his  writings.  Moreover,  in  his  later 
and  better  publications  a  fervent  patriotism  appeared  which 
made  him  and  his  style  universally  popular.  The  appear- 
ance of  this  irrepressible  Yankee  psalmodist  marks  an  epoch 
in  the  development  of  music  in  this  country.  Among  the 
many  teachers  and  composers  of  the  new  period  may  be 
mentioned  Andrew  Law  of  Cheshire  and  Daniel  Read  of 
Hartford.  If  the  church  music  of  1721  was  dolefully  dull, 
that  of  1776  was  lively  enough  to  make  the  staid  old  ministers 
and  deacons  wonder  what  the  end  thereof  would  be.  Into 
this  new  style  of  singing,  crude  enough,  but  full  of  life  and 
energy  and  promise,  which  deeply  engaged  the  ministers' 
sons  and  the  deacons'  daughters,  "  the  aforesaid  Ebenezer  and 
Epaphras  "  did  somehow  beguile  the  Second  Church  of  Hart- 


The  Mijiistiy  of  Rev.   Elnathan    Midi  man  145 

ford,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord,  1773,  and  the  meeting--house 
resounded  with  Watts'  psahns  sung  to  very  lively  music  by  a 
trained  choir,  and  with  florid  anthems  of  the  "fuguing"  sort, 
and  not  many  years  passed  before  Holden's  "Coronation" 
and  Swan's  "China"  were  heard  in  the  choir,  and  the  old- 
fashioned  psalmody  was  utterly  forsaken.  In  the  columns  of 
the  Courant,  from  1770  onward,  one  may  read  advertisemeijts 
of  musical  collections,  instruments,  and  societies  in  abund- 
ance. A  revival  of  music  had  set  in  which  no  "Old  Lii4ht" 
conservatism  could  check  or  even  control. 

These  singing-  schools,  first  established  about  the  year 
1720,  spread  rapidly,  and  have  been  described  as  "  the  founda- 
tion of  secular  social  gatherings  in  New  England,  and  a  very 
important  element  in  social  progress."  This  description  is 
extravagant,  but  contains  much  truth.  These  schools  fur- 
nished enjoyable  and  profitable  evening  entertainments,  and 
undoubtedly  led  on  other  means  of  culture. 

The  following,  clipped  from  the  Ne^u  York  Tribune, 
shows  how  the  radicalism  of  one  generation  becomes  the 
conservatism  of  the  next,  and  illustrates  the  progress  that 
was  made  in  church  music  tnore  than  a  century  ago  : 

"  To  the  Editor  of  the  '  Tribune  '  .• 

"  Sir, —  The  Rev.  Dr.  William  Smith,  born  in  Scotland  in  1754,  came 
to  this  country  in  1785,  and  may  be  properly  called  the  '  Father  of  Chant- 
ing'  in  the  Episcopal  Church.  About  the  year  1813  he  secured  its  intro- 
duction in  St.  George's  Chapel,  in  Beekman  Street,  New  York.  The 
innovation  created  the  greatest  surprise  and  indignation  among  the  old 
people,  and  glances  were  exchanged,  as  much  in  anger  as  in  horror,  be- 
tween the  occupants  of  pews,  until  old  Mr.  Garrett  Van  Wagenen,  a 
warden  of  the  church,  unable  to  suppress  any  longer  his  overflowing 
anger,  arose  and  exclaimed: 

"  'Away!  Away  with  your  Jew  gibberish!  We  want  no  such  nonsense 
in  the  house  of  God !  Give  us  the  psalms  and  hymns  as  of  old  ! '  and 
walked  out  of  the  church. 

"  Old  Mr.  Walton,  of  the  famous  Walton  house,  arose,  saying: 

"  '  I  go,  too,'  and  directly  the  main  body  of  the  congregation  followed 
his  example.     One  old  gentleman  advanced  toward  the  chancel,  sa3-ing: 

"  '  Well,  is  God  or  the  devil  to  be  in  command  ?  " 
10 


146  History  of  the  CJiurcJi 

"  By  persistent  effort  Dr.  Smith  almost  forced  the  prejudice  to  wear 
off  in  time,  and  at  length  the  new  service  began  not  only  to  be  endured, 
but  to  be  popular  as  well.  Dr.  Smith  wore  the  black  gown,  and  preferred 
the  complete  range  of  the  chancel  to  the  pulpit,  which  he  called  '  an 
abominable  bo.K.'  He  died  in  1821,  and  lies  buried  in  Trinity  Church- 
yard, near  the  monument  of  Alexander  Hamilton.  Historicus." 

However  the  venerable  pastor  may  have  regarded  these 
developments,  his  long  term  of  service  in  the  ministry  here 
was  drawing  to  a  close  amid  such  innovations  and  excitements 
as  he  had  never  before  witnessed.  The  long  struggle  of  the 
colonies  in  resistance  to  oppression  and  for  the  redress  of 
grievances  was  rapidly  developing  into  an  armed  conflict  for 
independence.  The  salient  features  of  that  struggle,  with 
which  every  schoolboy  is  familiar,  from  the  Boston  massacre 
to  the  Continental  Congress  of  1774,  the  battles  of  Lexington 
and  Bunker  Hill,  and  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  serve 
to  mark  the  rapid  progress  of  the  revolution.  The  minutes  of 
Associations  and  the  records  of  individual  ministers  show 
with  what  zeal  the  clergy  of  Connecticut,  for  the  most  part, 
supported  the  patriotic  endeavors  of  those  who  guided  the 
course  of  this  colony.  Out  of  the  churches  came  such  men 
as  Roger  Sherman,  William  Williams,  Samuel  Huntington, 
Oliver  Wolcott,  Jonathan  Trumbull,  Israel  Putnam,  and 
Olivier  Ellsworth.  Whether,  amid  the  scenes  of  war,  the 
aged  p9.stor  of  this  church  was  like  one  overwhelmed  with 
the  burden  of  anxiety  for  his  country,  or,  like  Simeon  of  old, 
prophetically  discerned  the  beacon-fire  of  deliverance  and 
softly  sang  his  ISfunc  Dimittis,  cannot  be  known.  But  his  de- 
parture was  at  h.and.  Two  beloved  and  trusted  officers  of 
his  church  preceded  him.  Capt.  Daniel  Bull,  "  for  some  years 
deacon  of , the  : South  Church.,"  a  man  of  "great  simplicity, 
generosity,  and  affability,  and  indefatigable  in  the  discharge 
of  his  religious  duties,"  died  Nov.  6,  1776,  aged  67  years.  In 
January,  1777,  died  Thomas  Hosmer,  Esq.,  also  a  deacon  of 
the  church,  in  the  77th  year  of  his  age.'     The  inscription  on 

^Hartford  Courant,  1776—1777. 


The  Ministry  of  Rev.  Elnathan    WJiitmaii  147 

Mr.  Whitman's  tombstone  in  the  old  Hartford  cemetery  has 
recently  suffered  serious  damage,  and,  notwithstanding  its 
inaccuracy,  is  given  here  :  — 

in  memory  of 
The  Rkv.  Elnathan  Wjhtman, 

Pastor  of  the  Second  Church  of  Christ  in  Hartford,  and  one  of  the  fellows 
of  the  Corporation  of  Yale  College,  who  departed  this  life  the  2d  day  of 
March,  A.  D.  1776,  in  the  69th  year  of  his  age  and  44th  of  his  ministry. 

Endowed  with  superior  natural  abilities  and  good  literary  acquire- 
ments, he  was  still  more  distinguished  for  his  unaffected  piety,  primitive 
simplicity  of  manners,  and  true  Christian  benevolence.  He  closed  a  life 
spent  in  the  service  of  his  Creator  in  humble  confidence  of  eternal  happi- 
nest  through  the  merits  of  the  Saviour. 

"  Blessed  are  the  dead  who  die  in  the  Lord." 

That  this  inscription  is  inaccurate  as  to  the  date  of  Mr. 
Whitman's  death,  appears  from  the  following  sentences  out 
of  the  records  of  the  Society  :  — 

"  At  a  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  South  Societj'  in  Hartford, 
legally  warned  and  held  at  the  South  Meeting  House  in  said  Hartford,  on 
Monday  the  3rd  day  of  February,  A.  D.  1777. 

"  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Elnathan  Whitman  shall  receive  of  this  So- 
ciety the  sum  of  ninety  pounds  for  his  service,  etc. ,  etc. 

' '  Voted,  That  the  Standing  Committee  be  impowered  to  supply  the 
pulpit  with  a  Preacher  during  Rev.  Mr.   IVkitman's  illness,  etc. 

In  June,  1777,  the  Society  took  action  which  clearly 
indicates  that  Mr.  Whitman  was  not  living  at  that  time. 

The  Connecticut  Courant  oi  Monday,  March  10,  1777,  con- 
tains an  obituary  notice,  the  first  sentence  of  which  reads  as 
follows  :  — 

"'On  Tuesday  Last,  departed  this  life  the  Rev.  Elnathan  Whitman, 
pastor  of  the  South  Church  in  this  town,  in  the  69th  year  of  his  age,  and 
44th  of  his  ministry." 

This  agrees  with  the  Society  Records,  and  yet  is  not 
free  from  error  in  stating  that  he  died  in  the  "44th  of  his 
ministry." 

Mr.  Whitman  died  on  Tuesday,  March  4,  1777,  in  the 
69th  year  of  his  age,  and  in  the  45th  of  his  ministry.     The 


148  History  of  tJie  Church 

obituary  notice  in  the  Courant  speaks  of  him  as  "a  sincere 
friend,  an  eminent  Christian,  and  a  judicious,  instructive, 
exemplary  minister  of  Christ." 

"  He  was  chosen  an  instructor  of  college  soon  after  his  own  educa- 
tion was  completed,  and  many  gratefully  remember  the  engaging  man- 
ner in  which  he  led  their  minds  through  the  various  branches  of  natural 
and  divine  knowledge.  His  ministerial  accomplishments  soon  attracted 
the  love  of  a  respectable  church  in  this  place,  with  whom  he  was  settled 
in  the  greatest  harmony.  .  .  .  He  vindicated  the  necessity  of  faith 
and  good  works  with  equal  zeal,  and  taught  those  who  hoped  for  salva- 
tion in  the  merits  of  a  Saviour,  to  imitate  his  example  and  glorify  his 
name  by  universal  holiness. 

The  doctrines  which  he  preached  were  amiably  displayed  in  his  life, 
united  with  a  remarkable  degree  of  ministerial  prudence. 

Greatly  delighted  with  the  pleasures  of  social  virtue,  his  manners 
were  engaging  and  his  company  agreeable  —  was  devout  without  affecta- 
tion, and  possessed  the  singular  art  of  uniting  the  dignity  of  a  sacred 
character  with  cheerfulness  and  sociability.  Through  a  long  illness  which 
was  heightened  by  a  most  tender  concern  for  his  country,  he  shewed  all 

the  excellence  and  comforts  of  a  Christian The  funeral  was 

attended  by  a  respectable  auditory,  and  a  sermon  well  adapted  to  the 
melancholy  occasion  was  preached  by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Perry  of  East 
Windsor,  from  John  ix,  4." 

At  a  meeting  of  the  South  Society,  November,  1777,  it 
was  voted  to  grant  Mrs.  Whitman  the  sum  of  ninety  pounds, 
money,  as  a  "  token  of  respect  to  the  memory  of  our  de- 
ceased Pastor  and  his  surviving  family,"  and,  also  in  consid- 
eration of  the  fact  that  since  Mr.  Whitman's  death  the  pulpit 
had  "been  supplied  by  the  neighboring  ministers  with  a 
view  to  the  benefit  of  his  family." 

It  was  the  beautiful  custom  of  that  time  for  the  minis- 
ters thus  to  assist  the  family  of  a  brother,  upon  his  decease. 

Note.  The  Parsonage  House  in  which  Mr.  Whitman  lived  stood  on  Main  Street, 
just  where  Capitol  Avenue  connects  with  it.  Portraits  of  Mr.  Whitman  and  of  his 
wife,  in  a  good  state  of  preservation,  may  be  seen  on  the  walls  of  the  Hartford  His- 
torical Society's  rooms.  The  pictures  of  them  given  in  this  work  are  taken  from  the 
aforesaid  portraits. 


CHAPTER  VI 

REV'i^    BENJAMIN    BOARDMAN    AND   ABEL    FLINT,  1784-1825 

The  period  extending-  from  1750  to  1790  was  one  of  religious 
declension  and  considerable  demoralization.  The  burdens 
imposed  upon  the  people  by  the  French  War,  175 5-1 763, 
were  heav'v,  and  the  distress  occasioned  by  the  Revolution- 
ary War  was  great  and  manifold.  The  political  agitation 
that  preceded  the  establishment  of  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment divided  society.  The  inflation  of  the  currency 
worked  corruption.  A  spirit  of  free-thinking  came  in 
through  French  associations  and  sympathies,  and  the  great 
struggle  for  political  independence  was  attended  by  much 
that,  in  the  name  and  guise  of  independence,  was  disorderly 
and  evil.  When  Rev.  Mr.  Strong  was  ordained  over  the 
First  Church,  1774,  there  were  but  fifteen  male  members 
of  that  church  in  full  communion. 

In  many  respects,  however,  Hartford  had  made  pro- 
gress. Its  isolation  may  be  inferred  from  the  fact  that  up  to 
the  time  of  the  Revolution,  at  least,  a  stage  could  be  taken 
for  either  Boston  or  New  York  but  once  a  week.  One 
might  journey  to  either  city  and  return  within  six  days. 

The  schools  were  still  exceedingly  restricted  in  their 
courses  of  study.  In  the  common  schools  little  was  taught 
but  reading,  writing,  spelling,  and  arithmetic.  Few  school 
books  existed.  No  slates  were  in  use.  The  rod  was  vigor- 
ously plied. 

During  this  period  a  considerable  interest  in  books 
and  reading  was  developed.  Book  clubs  were  formed  and 
social  libraries  established  in  many  towns,  which  proved  to 
be  the  means  of  no  little  light  and  culture.  Books  were  for 
sale  in  most  towns,  in  considerable  variety  and  abundance. 


150  History  of  the  Church 

History,  law,  medicine,  theology,  poetry,  and  fiction  are  rep- 
resented in  the  lists  advertised  by  Hartford  shopkeepers. 
The  people  generally  had  become  better  informed  and  more 
intelligent.  The  influence  of  Yale  College  had  been  most 
beneficially  felt  in  almost  all  the  towns  and  parishes.  The 
vigorous  political  literature  of  the  day  was  both  instructive 
and  stimulating,  discussing,  as  it  did,  with  great  ability  and 
lucidity,  the  profoundest  questions  of  constitutional  govern- 
ment. At  the  same  time  progress  had  been  made  in  both 
vocal  and  instrumental  music.  Trade  had  largely  increased, 
and  finer  houses,  containing  greater  conveniences  and  com- 
forts, had  been  erected  by  the  wealthier  and  aristocratic 
families.  The  customs  and  manners  of  the  English  style 
of  the  period  prevailed  among  these  families.  And  yet  the 
people  generally  M'ere  poor,  and  lived  in  a  simple  and 
straitened  way.  The  housewife  still  spun  her  own  flax  and 
made  her  coarse  linen  and  coarser  cloth.  If  English  furni- 
ture and  Wedgewood  ware  were  found  in  a  few  houses,  most 
dwellings  were  furnished  in  rudeness  and  simplicity.  Stoves 
of  any  kind  were  rare,  and  nothing  better  than  candles  for 
illumination  was  known.  Best  suits  of  broadcloth  were 
handed  down  from  father  to  son,  and  the  ordinary  male 
attire  was  of  homespun,  linsey-woolsey,  or  leather.  The 
minister  was  paid  for  his  services  in  labor,  wheat,  rye, 
flax,  beef,  pork,  wool,  etc.  The  Connecticut  Courant  came 
out  once  a  week,  in  a  dingy  form,  more  like  a  handbill  than 
a  gazette,  and  contained  little  local  news  nor  anything  like 
an  editorial  article.  As  for  anything  deserving  the  name 
of  literature,  if  religious  writings  are  excepted,  little  had 
been  produced  in  New  England,  save  a  pamphlet  by  Paine, 
some  observations  by  Franklin,  and  the  poems  of  Timothy 
Dwight,  John  Trumbull,  and  Joel  Barlow.  Barlow,  at  the 
request  of  the  General  Association  of  Congregational  Minis- 
ters, prepared  a  revised  edition  of  Watts'  version  of  the 
Psalms,  which  was  published  in  Hartford,  1785.  In  the  Con- 
necticut Courant^  from  1770  to  1776,  may  be  found  occasional 


Revs.  Benjamin  Boardman  and  Abel  Flint  151 

poems  of  more  than  ordinary  merit,  and  prose  contributions 
characterized  by  o-enuine  wit  and  homely  vig'or.  A  distinct 
literary  quality  is  manifested  in  many  of  those  anonymous 
effusions. 

The  Second  Church  and  Society  were  without  a  settled 
minister  from  the  time  of  Mr.  Whitman's  death  until  the 
year  1784,  although  through  no  lack  of  endeavor  to  procure 
a  "re-settlement  of  the  Gospel"  among  them.  The  records 
make  mention  of  "the  darkness  of  the  present  day."  In 
January,  1778,  ]\Ir.  Abraham  Baldwin  was  invited  to  preach 
on  probation,  but  he  declined.  He  was  then  a  tutor  in  Yale 
College,  afterwards  studied  law,  went  to  Savannah,  was  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention,  a  member  of  Con- 
gress from  Georgia,  and  afterwards  Senator.  In  February, 
1778,  Mr.  Joseph  Buckminster,  also  tutor  at  Yale  College, 
came  to  preach  here.  In  April  he  was  invited  to  become 
the  pastor  of  tlie  Second  Church,  and  a  committee  consisting 
of  Thomas  Seymour,  Joseph  Church,  Joseph  Barrett,  Isaac 
Sheldon,  Aaron  Bull,  Daniel  Hinsdale,  Jonathan  Wells,  Dan- 
iel Steel,  Jonathan  Huntington,  and  Medad  Webster  was 
appointed  to  negotiate  with  Mr.  Buckminster.  Four  hun- 
dred pounds,  as  a  settlement,  and  one  hundred  and  ten 
pounds,  as  a  salary,  were  offered  him,  "the  w^hole  to  be  paid 
in  labor,  wheat,  rye,  corn,  beef,  pork,  wool,  wood,  flax,  and 
cheese,  according  to  rates  legally  established,  "  or  in  cur- 
rent money  equivalent  thereto."  The  call  was  not  accepted, 
and  Mr.  Buckminster  shortly  after  settled  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  where  he  remained  for  thirty-three  years.  His  son, 
Joseph  Stevens  Buckminster,  was  the  still  more  famous  and 
eloquent  minister  who,  in  1805,  accepted  a  call  to  the 
Brattle  Street  Church  at  Boston.' 

'See  memoirs  of  father  and  son  by  Eliza  Buckminster  Lee,  Boston,  1851.  The 
elder  Buckminster,  who  was  called  to  be  Mr.  Whitman's  successor,  became  exceed- 
ingly attached,  while  at  New  Haven,  to  Elizabeth  Whitman,  the  unfortunate  "Eliza 
Wharton"  of  Mrs.  Foster's  story,  "The  Coquette."  He  figures  in  the  romance  as 
"J.  Boyer."  One  sentence  from  his  memoirs,  in  which  he  speaks  of  Connecticut, 
may  refer  to  the  blighted  attachment :  "  My  place  was  there  ;  I  always  wished  that 
State  to  be  my  home  ;  but  Providence  has  directed  my  line  of  duty  far  away  from 
the  place  of  my  first  affections." 


152  History  of  the  Church 

In  consideration  of  the  good  service  of  Ebenezer  Watson, 
lately  deceased,  in  teaching"  and  leading  the  singing  in  this 
Societ}^,  one  year's  rent  of  the  house  and  lot  leased  to  him 
was  abated.  Mr.  Epaphras  Bull  was  granted  twelve  pounds 
for  like  service,  and  Messrs.  Jonathan  Steel,  Timothy  Steel, 
and  John  Benton,  Jr.,  were  appointed  "  choristers,  to  lead 
the  singing  upon  the  Lord's  Day  and  other  days  of  public 
worship." 

In  1779,  a  certain  Doct.  Rogers  was  tempted  to  settle 
here  by  the  offer  of  "twelve  dollars  a  Sabbath,"  to  be 
paid  in  wheat  at  nine  shillings  and  ninepence  a  bushel,  etc., 
etc.,  thirty  cords  of  wood  each  year,  and  pasturage  for  a  cow 
and  two  horses.     He  withstood  the  temptation. 

In  1780,  complaints  were  inade  that  the  older  members 
of  the  Society  were  unable  to  attend  meetings  held  in  the 
evening,  and  it  was  voted  "that  for  the  future  no  votes  shall 
be  passed  by  this  Parish  at  any  of  their  meetings  after  sun- 
set, unless  by  special  vote  they  order  otherwise." 

In  1 78 1,  a  Rev.  Mr.  Miller  was  invited  to  preach,  but 
nothing  came  of  it. 

In  1873,  the  Committee  was  authorized  to  employ  a  sing- 
ing-master to  teach  in  the  Society,  and  to  pay  him  twenty 
pounds  for  his  service.  In  May,  1783,  the  following  action 
was  taken  : 

"Whereas  this  Society  have  been  long  destitute  of  a  settled  minis- 
ter, and  are  desirous  of  obtaining  one  of  eminence  and  distinction,  .  .  . 
and  being  of  the  opinion  that  it  is  not  inconsistent  or  contrary  to  the 
Gospel  plan  to  make  application  to  any  gentleman  in  the  ministry  (exam- 
ples of  which  have  been  frequent)  to  remove  and  settle  here,  —  Voted,  to 
invite  Rev.  Nathan  WiUiams  of  Tolland  " 

to  remove  and  settle  here.  They  offered  him  a  comfortable 
support  and  the  use  of  the  "  Ministry  House  and  land." 
This  call  was  declined,  and  Mr.  Williams  remained  in  Tol- 
land till  1827,  when  he  died,  aged  ninety-four,  his  wife  sur- 
viving him  six  months,  and  dying  at  the  age  of  ninety-five. 
Then  the  Society,  as  if  in  desperation,  authorized  the 


Revs.  Benjamin  Board  man  and  Abel  Flint  153 

Committee  to  send  some  one  "  to  Philadelphia  or  elsewhere  " 
to  get  a  minister. 

On  the  7th  of  January,  1784,  the  Rev.  Benjamin  Board- 
man  was  invited  to  become  their  Pastor.  They  offered  to 
give  him  for  use  the  Parsonage  House  and  land,  to  put  the 
same  in  good  repair  and  build  a  barn  and  outhouses,  and  to 
make  his  salary  one  hundred  and  twenty  pounds,  lawful 
money.  But  the  call  closed  with  the  following  sentence, 
which,  I  suppose,  had  never  been  written  in  any  similar  doc- 
ument, prior  to  the  Revolution  : 

"  During  the  time  that  he  and  the  major  part  of  this  Church  and 
Society  shall  be  mutually  agreed  in  each  other,  which  is  the  only  bond  of 
a  Christian  community." 

Mr.  Boardman  replied  that  he  would  accept  this  Provi- 
dential caW,  proidded, 

' '  That  part  which  is  to  be  paid  in  money  be  secured  in  its  just  value, 
according  to  the  honest  intent  and  meaning  of  it,  against  depreciation  of 
any  kind  whatever,  —  that  is  to  say,  four  hundred  Spanish  milled  dollars 
shall  be  paid  annually  instead  of  one  hundred  and  twenty  pounds," 

and,  he  added, ///;;(r///(7//r   paid. 

This  acceptance  was  accepted,  and  Mr.  Boardman  was 
installed,  Ma)^  5,  1784. 

The  following  report,  copied  from  the  Courant  of  May 
II,  1784,  is  interesting  both  as  showing  how  an  installation 
was  then  conducted,  and  for  the  peculiar  style  in  which  it 
is  written  : 

"  On  Wednesday  the  5th  instant,  the  Rev.  Benjamin  Boardman  was 
installed  and  solemnly  inaugurated  to  the  pastoral  charge  of  the  Second 
Church  and  Society  in  Hartford.  The  Solemnity  was  conducted  by 
a  respectable  council,  in  the  following  manner,  viz.:  —  The  Council 
convened  at  10  o'clock  in  the  morning  at  the  house  of  Capt.  Aaron  Bull. 
The  church  with  sundry  respectable  characters  formed  the  procession 
and  walked  in  order  to  the  meeting  house.  The  solemnity  began  by 
singing  an  anthem,  after  which  a  prayer  well  adapted  to  the  occasion  was 
offered  by  the  Rev.  Nath.  Perkins.  Then  a  psalm  was  sung  followed 
with  a  most  excellent  sermon  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Goodrich,  from 
Eph.  3  :  8.     The  Moderator  then  desired  the  Scribe  to  read  the  orders  of 


154  History  of  the  Church 

Council,  which  being  performed  the  moderator  with  great  dignity  intro- 
duced the  subject  of  further  proceeding  by  making  a  most  excellent  dis- 
tinction between  an  ordination  and  an  installation,  and  made  the  in- 
stalling prayer,  in  which  he  commended  the  whole  transaction,  together 
with  Pastor  and  people,  to  the  great  Head  of  the  Church  for  his  blessing. 
This  being  closed,  the  Rev.  Nathan  Strong  gave  the  right  hand  of  fellow- 
ship in  a  polite  and  elegant  manner  ;  and  singing  another  hymn  con- 
cluded the  solemnity." 

Mr.  Boardman's  previous  experience,  as  pastor  of  the 
church  at  Middle  Haddam,  had  tauj^ht  him  to  guard  against 
all  possible  misunderstandings  with  regard  to  salary.  There 
lies  open  before  me  a  little  book,  covered  with  a  portion  of 
the  Hartford  Con  rant  of  Aug.  20,  1 771,  in  which  Mr.  Board- 
man  wrote  out 

"  A  true  state  of  Facts  as  they  respect  my  salery  from  time  to  time 
since  the  Year  ending  on  the  S""  Day  of  Nov''  :  1776  ;  for  which  year  I 
gave  a  Receipt  in  full  for  my  Salery,  tho.  I  Sunk  more  than  a  Quarter 
part  of  my  Support." 

His  salary  was  ninety-five  pounds,  lawful  money.  He 
accepted  payment  for  the  year  ending  Nov.  8,  1776,  in  the 
nominal  sum,  although  he  was  a  heavy  loser  thereby,  and  he 
did  this  for  the  following  reasons,  which  do  him  great 
credit  : 

"  First ;  for  the  sake  of  Peace,  that  the  People  might  not  have  their 
minds  disconcerted  in  Matters  of  less  Moment,  to  divert  them  from  the 
more  important  concerns  of  a  publick  Nature,  as  we  were  involved  in 
a  most  interesting  but  doubtful  War. 

Secondly ;  That  I  might  by  no  means  be  any  way  Instrumental 
of  discrediting  or  depreciating  the  money.     .     .     . 

Thirdly ;  Because  my  Heart  was  bound  up  in  the  Cause  of  my 
Country,  and  was  very  anxious  for  its  Salvation,  and  felt  disposed  to  sub- 
mit to  Suffering  with  my  fellow  creatures,  to  as  great  a  Degree  as  I 
could  well  bear." 

Before  the  close  of  the  next  year  the  money  had  so 
greatly  depreciated  that  in  many  instances  ministers  were 
paid  six  times  the  nominal  sum  of  their  salaries.  In  Decem- 
ber, 1777,  the  Parish  Committee,  presuming  upon  Mr.  Board- 


J'lej'S.  Benjamin  Boardinan  and  Abel  Flint  155 

man's  self-sacrifice  a  year  before,  offered  him  his  salary  in 
the  nominal  sum  only,  which  was  less  than  a  sixth  part 
of  w^hat  was  rightfully  due  him.  He  declined  to  receive 
it.  A  year  later  he  offered  to  take  the  tendered  money  at 
its  real  value,  and  also  to  abate  of  his  salary.  This  the  Soci- 
ety would  not  agree  to.  Then  he  offered  to  take  the  value  of 
his  contract  in  silver,  or  in  wheat  at  four  and  a  half  shillings 
per  bushel.     This  offer  was  rejected. 

In  March,  1779,  he  accepted  and  gave  receipt  for  the  sum 
of  351  pounds  and  12  shillings  in  Continental  currency,  as 
payment  in  part  iov  the  sum  due  him  for  three  years'  service. 
On  the  back  of  that  receipt,  in  the  presence  of  the  Commit- 
tee, the  following  endorsement  was  written  : 

"  Be  it  remembered,  that  at  the  time  of  receiving  the  within  sum 
of  money,  wheat  sold  at  20  Dollars  per  Bushel  ;  Indian  corn  at  10  or  11 
Dollars  ;  Beef  at  Twelve  Pound  per  Hundred  &c  &c." 

But  even  this  statement  was  under  the  truth,  and  prices 
were  higher  than  he  reckoned.  He  carefully  estimated  the 
value  of  the  351  pounds  and  12  shillings  thus  received,  and, 
in  lawful  money,  it  amounted  to  less  than  fourteefi  pounds  ! 

But  that  is  not  all.  Most  of  the  currency  accepted 
by  him  proved  to  be  "of  the  York  Town  Emissions,  which  was 
then  vulgarly  called  T/ie  Dead  Emissions."  It  was  nearly 
worthless.  No  merchant  would  take  it.  His  only  chance  to 
get  anything  for  it  was  "  to  carry  it  to  the  Loan  office  and 
take  out  a  Bill  in  the  usual  Practice."  But  before  he  could  do 
this  "it  sunk  in  its  value  about  a  fifth  part."  So  that  instead 
of  getting  even  fourteen  pounds  out  of  the  three  hundred  and 
fifty-one  tendered  him  in  the  depreciated  currency,  he 
realized  only  about  eleven  pounds  out  of  it.  As  a  matter 
of  fact,  according  to  his  careful  account,  the  sum  of  all  that 
he  received  for  six  years'  service, — from  1777  to  17S2,  inclu- 
sive — was  thirty-six  pounds  and  eighteen  shillings,  in  lawful 
money.  And  the  ]\Iiddle  Haddam  Society  really  owed  him, 
and  probably  never  paid  it,  about  five  hundred  and  thirty 
pounds  more. 

This  account  is  given  as  illustrating  the  financial  state 


156  History  of  the  Church 

of  things  at  that  period,  as  well  as  showing  Mr.  Boardman's 
good  reasons  for  stipulating  with  precision  as  to  his  salary. 

It  inay  be  mentioned  that  the  "  Ministry  House "  or 
Parsonage  was  situated  on  the  west  side  of  Main  Street, 
almost  directly  opposite  the  present  residence  of  Mr,  Henry 
Redfield. 

The  Ecclesiastical  Council  summoned  for  Mr.  Board- 
man's  installation  "convened  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Aaron 
Bull,"  whence  "the  church,  with  sundry  respectable  charac- 
ters, marched  in  order  to  the  meeting-house."  Rev.  Dr. 
Goodrich  preached  the  sermon,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Strong  gave 
the  right  hand  "in  a  polite  and  elegant  manner."  Another 
distinctly  post-revolutionary  phrase  ! 

The  following  bill  will  serve  to  show  how  the  godly 
fathers  comforted  themselves  on  solemn  occasions.  On  the 
back  of  the  original  bill  is  written  :  "  Ordination  :  eight 
pounds  allowed,  and  order  given  on  treasurer  in  full." 

"  17S4.     The  South  Society  in  Hartford,  to  Israel  Seymour,  Dr. 
May  4'''  to  keeping  ministers  &c. 

"      to  2  mugs  tody      ----- 

"      to  5  segars  -  .  .  -  - 

"      to  I  pint  wine        -  .  - 

"      to  3  lodgings  -  -  .  .  . 

May  5""  to  3  bitters  -  -  .  -  . 

"      to  3  breakfasts      ----- 

"      to  1 5  boles  punch  ----- 

"     to  24  dinners         ----- 

"      to  1 1  bottles  wine  -  -  -  - 

"      to  5  mugs  flip        ----- 

"     to  3  boles  punch  ----- 

"      to  3  boles  tody      ----- 

/  S   :     3 
Received  by  me,  Israel  Seymour." 

Capt.  Israel  Seymour  kept  a  tavern  near  the  spot  now  covered  by  the  State 
Capitol.  On  the  i6th  of  August,  —  about  three  months  after  the  aforesaid  council,  — 
Capt.  Seymour  was  instantly  killed  by  lightning-,  and  on  the  following  day, 
the  Lord's  Day,  Rev.  Mr.  Boardman  preached  his  funeral  sermon  before  the 
two  congregations  in  this  city.  The  sermon  was  published,  and  in  an  appendix 
some  account  of  the  remarkable  storms  of  that  summer  was  given. 


£  0  : 

2   : 

4 

0 

5 

10 

0 

3 

0 

0 

0 

9 

0 

0 

9 

0 

3 

6 

I 

10 

0 

I 

16 

0 

3 

6 

0 

0 

5 

10 

0 

6 

0 

0 

3 

6 

U^^^  (^oa^rrvc^ 


Revs.  Benjamin  Boardnian  and  Abel  Flint  157 

Rev.  Benjamin  Boardman,  son  of  Edward  and  Dorothy 
(Smith)  Boardman,  was  born  at  Glastonbury,  Conn.,  Aug-. 
3,  1 731.  He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1758,  and  was 
tutor  there  jn  1760.  He  was  settled  as  pastor  of  the  church 
at  Middle  Haddam,  Jan.  5,  1762,  and  remained  there  until 
1783.  He  married  Ann  (Johnson),  widow  of  Stephen  Hos- 
mer,  Jr.,  eldest  son  of  Rev.  Stephen  Hosmer  of  East  Had- 
dam, and  grandson  of  Dea.  Stephen  Hosmer  of  Hartford. 
Mr.  Boardman  served  as  chaplain  in  the  war  of  the  Revolu- 
tion. He  was  with  Capt.  Comfort  Sage's  Troop  of  Horse 
from  Middletown,  at  the  Lexington  alarm,  and  was  present 
at  the  Boston  siege,  1775.  He  was  chaplain  of  Col.  Durkee's 
Connecticut  regiment  in  Washington's  army  in  1776,  and 
with  it  at  Paulus  Hook  when  the  enemy  took  New  York. 
There  is  a  letter  by  him  in  Force's  Archives,  describing 
the  events  of  that  time.  Tradition  says  that  by  virtue  of  the 
power  to  make  himself  heard  far  and  wide  in  exhortation  or 
prayer,  he  had  earned  for  himself  from  the  soldiers  the 
soubriquet  of  "  Big-Gun-of-The-Gospel  "  Boardman  !  His 
portrait  in  the  Historical  Society's  rooms  indicates  a  inan  of 
great  physical  vigor.  He  had  no  children,  but  a  nephew  by 
the  name  of  Jeduthan  was  virtually  adopted  by  him  on  con- 
dition of  his  assuming  the  name  of  Benjamin.  Rev.  Mr. 
Boardman's  will,  dated  Dec.  14,  1801,  gave  the  use  of  his 
estate  to  his  wife  during  her  widowhood,  and,  after  her 
death,  gave  it  outright  to  the  adopted  nephew,  who  was 
known  as  Benjamin  J.  Boardman,  and  who  was  a  strong 
pillar  in  the  Second  Church  until  his  death  in  1829. 

The  will  provided  for  the  manumission  of  two  colored 
male  servants,  and  that  one  of  them,  who  was  aged  and 
infirm,  should  occupy  the  cottage  adjoining  the  Boardman 
farm  during  his  life,  and  should  also  have  a  comfortable  sup- 
port, as  a  reward  of  his  fidelity. 

Quite  a  large  package  of  Mr.  Boardman's  sermons  are  in 
the  possession  of  descendants  of  his  in  Hartford,  and  the 
writer  also  has  several.     They  were  written  with  scrupulous 


158  Hi  story  of  the  Church 

care,  and  show  that  he  was  a  man  of  g-ood  nnJcrstanding 
and  sound  judgment.  Most  of  them  were  preached  in  many- 
different  towns.  Two,  in  my  possession,  w'cre  preached 
in  "Camp,"  at  Roxbury.  The  earliest  date  on  any  one 
of  them  is  1760,  and  the  latest  date,  1798. 

From  an  endorsement  on  one  of  them  we  ascertain 
that  in  1788  twelve  persons  died  in  the  South  Parish, 
eighteen  children  were  baptized,  and  one  person  joined 
the  church. 

On  another,  under  date  of  April  20,  1785,  is  this  note: 
"  Cold,  slays  plied  to-day,  remarkable  season." 

There  lies  open  before  me  a  Diary  of  Mr.  Boardman, 
written  when  he  was  in  service  as  army  chaplain  in  Wash- 
ington's camp  at  Roxbury.  It  begins  Monda5^  July  31, 
and  ends  Sabbath,  November  12.  But  it  contains  little 
of  interest.  Quite  an  elaborate  account  of  "  Lieut.  Wads- 
worth's  funeral  "  is  given,  and  the  good  Parson  jots  down 
his  "idea  that  Gen.  Washington  sets  no  great  by  chaplains!'' 
He  also  relates  that  one  day  a  soldier  was  struck  by  a 
"  cannon  ball "  and  hurled  over,  "  which  gave  him  consid- 
erable of  a  shock ! "  The  Diary  is  curious  rather  than 
valuable,  a  relic  rather  than  a  treasure. 

Little  is  known  of  his  short  term  of  service  here,  save 
that  it  was  one  in  which  the  Church  was  in  a  low  condition 
and  the  Society  was  struggling  with  unusually  heavy  financial 
difficulties.  The  records  show  that  it  was  deemed  impossi- 
ble, after  a  year  or  two,  to  fulfill  the  original  contract  with 
him,  and  that  it  was  proposed  to  reduce  his  salary  to  the  sum 
of  eighty  pounds.  Recently  discovered  autograph  letters  by 
Mr.  Boardman  to  the  Society  show  that  the  financial  diffi- 
culty was  complicated  by  more  or  less  dissatisfaction  in  the 
Parish  with  his  services.  In  a  letter  to  the  Society,  dated 
July  17,  1789,  Mr.  Boardman  reviews  the  conditions  of  his 
settlement,  declares  that  "  money  is  one  of  the  smallest  con- 
siderations which  weighs  in  my  mind,"  and  reveals  the  fact 


Revs.  Benjamin  Board/nan  and  Abel  Flint  159 

that  he  had  relin([uis]ied  twenty  pounds  on  the  first  intima- 
tion of  the  vSociety's  inability. 

He  then  alludes  to  the  sinjjular  "manner  in  which  your 
vote  of  the  9th  of  April  is  expressed,"  as  in  his  judgment  and 
in  that  of  his  friends,  conveyin,^^  to  me  "  a  very  plain  Hint  im- 
mediately to  retire."  He  did  not  choose  to  take  that  kind  of 
hint,  and  told  the  Society,  in  a  very  manly  way,  that  he  could 
not  accept  their  proposals,  and  that  "  the  issue  of  the  business 
must  depend  on  something  explanatory  on  your  part."  The 
long  letter  is  that  of  a  self-respecting  Christian  gentleman, 
who  was  willing  to  adjust  himself  to  the  straitened  circum- 
stances of  the  Parish,  but  was  unwilling  to  be  thrust  into  a 
false  position  by  disingenuous  opposition. 

The  following  letter,  written  about  three  months  later, 
shows  how  the  matter  terminated  : 

"  7o  the  Soiit/i  Society  in  Hartford  : 

"Gentlemen,  —  To  me  it  appears  the  Period  is  now  come,  in  the 
Course  of  the  wonder-working  Providence  of  God,  wherein  there  is  not  a 
remaining  Doubt  in  my  Mind  what  answer  I  ought  to  return  to  your  Ad- 
dress contained  in  a  vote  passed  in  a  Society  Meeting  held  on  the  5""  Day 
of  Instant  October. 

"  Upon  the  most  mature  Deliberation,  weighing  the  whole  Transac- 
tion witli  all  its  attending  Circumstances,  from  the  clearest  Conviction  of 
Reason,  I  do  with  the  utmost  Candor  inform  you  that  an  acceptance  of 
the  Eighty  Pounds,  for  the  purposes  mentioned  in  said  Vote,  cannot  be 
complyed  with. 

"  The  Compensation  is  inadequate  to  the  Object,  and  places  me  be- 
low the  Considerations  given  to  Preaching  Candidates. 

"As  I  came  here  in  Peace,  nothing  can  be  more  agreeable  to  my 
Wishes,  and  I  trust  to  yours  also,  than,  when  the  Parting  takes  place,  it 
be  candid,  and  accompanied  with  every  Token  of  mutual  affection  and 
reciprocal  Friendship. 

"  You  will  rightly  conclude  from  your  witholding  a  meet  Support, 
that  I  consider  Myself  no  further  holden  to  proceed  in  the  Work  of  the 
Gospel  Ministry  among  you,  and  only  wait  the  performance  of  those 
Prudentials  which  may  be  thought  Expedient  as  giving  public  Testimony 
of  an  honorable    Separation.      May   the    unmerited    Blessings    of    the 


i6o  History  of  tJie  Church 

Almighty  Saviour  of  Men  rest  on  you,   and  on  your  dear  Posterity,  till 
Time  be  no  more. 

"I  am,  Gentlemen,  with  great  consideration  and  Esteem,  Your 
Friend  and  very  humble  Servant, 

"Hartford,  29*''  Day  of  October,  1789." 

There  is  no  record  of  any  formal  dissolution  of  his  pas- 
toral relation.  He  continued  his  residence  in  Hartford  until 
his  death,  Feb.  12,  1801,  and  both  he  and  his  wife  were 
buried  in  the  old  cemetery  of  the  town. 

The  City  of  Hartford  was  incorporated  in  1784,  and 
Thomas  Seymour,  Esq.,  was  its  first  mayor.  The  population 
of  the  whole  town  in  1790  was  about  four  thousand. 

In  1785,  fifteen  pounds  were  appropriated  for  a  Singing- 
Master. 

In  1788,  Capt.  Aaron  Bull  and  Joseph  Church  were,  at 
their  request,  excused  from  service  on  the  Standing  Commit- 
tee, and  Thomas  Seymour,  Esq.,  Thomas  Y.  Seymour,  and 
Jonathan  Bull  were  appointed. 

In  1790  a  subscription  to  procure  a  bell  was  started. 
The  name  of  Barzillai  Hudson  appears  on  a  Committee. 

In  1786,  an  important  bequest,  involving  lands  of  consid- 
erable extent  and  value,  was  made  to  the  Second  Society  by 
Mr.  William  Stanley,  concerning  which  some  explanation 
should  be  given. 

The  first  bequest  specified  in  the  will  is  that  of  a  sum  of 
money  sufficient 

"  To  purchase  a  silver  Tankard  of  the  same  weight  and  dimensions, 
as  near  as  conveniently  may  be,  of  that  formerly  given  said  Church  by 
Mr.  John  Ellery,  deceased,  the  same  to  be  procured  by  my  Trustees  here- 
after named,  and  presented  to  the  officers  of  said  Church,  to  be  kept  for- 
ever for  the  use  and  benefit  of  said  Church.     And  the  said  Trustees  are 


Revs.  Benjaiuin  Boardman  and  Abel  Flint  i6i 

to  cause  my  name,  coat  of  arms,  the  time  of  my  death,  and  my  age  there- 
on to  be  engraved." ' 

The  second  bequest  is  that  of  certain  lands  to  his  niece, 
Elizabeth  Whitman. 

All  the  remainder  of  his  personal  estate,  after  the  pay- 
ment of  his  debts  and  funeral  expenses,  was  given  and  be- 
queathed to  his  beloved  sister,  Abigail  Whitman,  to  be  her 
own  forever,  and  imto  her  was  given  the  use  and  improve- 
ment of  all  his  real  estate  during  her  natural  life,  except 
that  portion  given  unto  her  daughter  Elizabeth. 

"After  the  decease  of  my  said  sister  Abigail  Whitman  I  give  and  de- 
vise the  whole  of  my  real  Estate  of  every  kind  and  description,  except 
what  is  herein  before  given  unto  my  niece  Elizabeth  Whitman,  ttnto  the 
Second  or  South  Ecclesiastical  Society  in  the  town  of  Hartford,  to  be  and 
remain  to  the  use  and  benefit  of  said  Second  or  South  Society  and  their 
successors  forever." 

The  will  provided  that  this  estate  should  be  under  the 
management  of  three  trustees  who  should  appoint  their 
successors  according  to  a  definitely  described  manner,  and 
William  Ellery,  Jonathan  Bull,  and  Daniel  Hinsdale  were 
appointed  trustees.  The  first  avails  or  profits  of  the  estate 
were  to  be  applied  to  the  purchase  of  the  tankard  for  the 
Church,  and  next  to  the  payment  of  one  half-part  of  the 
price  of  a  proper  bell  for  the  meeting-house,  providing  the 
other  part  be  procured  without  taxing  the  inhabitants  of  the 
Society. 

Without  dwelling  further  upon  the  munificence  or  ad- 
ministration of  this  gift,  it  is  both  a  pious  and  pleasant  duty 
to  indicate  more  definitely  the  generous  donor's  relation  to 
this  Church  and  Society,  and  the  motives  which  may  have 
prompted  his  bequest. 

William  Stanley  was  the  great-grandson  of  Thomas 
Stanley,  who  settled  in  Hartford  about  1636,  had  his  home- 
lot  on   the  east  side  of  Main  street,  extending  from   Little 

1  [The  tankard  spoken  of  by  Mr.   Stanley',  as  having  been  given  by  Mr.  John 
Ellery,  has  unfortunately  vanished,  no  one  knows  when  or  where.    No  trace  of  it 
can  be  found.     But  that  given  by  Mr.  Stanley  is  .still  in  use  by  the  Church.] 
II 


1 62  History  of  the  Church 

River  to  the  Center  Church,  removed  to  Hadley,  and  died  in 
1663  ;  grandson  of  Nathaniel  Stanley,  who  reti:rned  to  Hart- 
ford in  1669,  filled  many  offices  of  importance  here,  was 
a  man  of  wealth  and  influence,  united  with  the  Second 
Church  in  1678,  and  died  in  1712  ;  son  of  Nathaniel  Stanley, 
Jr.,  who  "owned  the  covenant"  in  the  South  Church  in  1706, 
was  a  man  of  wealth  and  distinction,  and  died  in  1755.  Wil- 
liam vStanley  was  baptized  in  1724,  and  his  sister  Abigail 
(whose  uncle  was  Joseph,  brother  of  Rev.  John  Whiting) 
was  baptized  in  17 19.  This  Abigail  Stanley  inarried  the 
Rev.  Elnathan  Whitman,  and  survived  him  for  nineteen  years, 
dying  in  1795.  As  was  indicated  in  the  foregoing  chapter, 
the  Church  and  Society  had  dealt  very  tenderly  and  kindly 
with  Mr.  Whitman  and  his  family,  who  were  much  esteemed 
and  beloved.  There  is  good  reason  for  believing  that 
William  Stanley's  generous  bequest  to  this  Society  was 
somewhat  prompted  by  his  remembrance  and  appreciation 
of  the  care  and  provision  which  his  sister's  husband  and 
family  had  received  from  said  Society.  It  is  pleasant  to 
think  that  this  Society  still  reaps  the  fruits  of  a  blessing  that 
originated  in  the  mutual  esteem  and  affection  of  the  pastor 
and  people  of  that  olden  time, — yea,  the  fruits  of  a  gift 
bestowed  a  century  ago  by  the  grandson  of  Nathaniel 
Stanley,  who,  more  than  two  centuries  ago,  cast  in  his 
lot  with  this  Church,  then  in  its  infancy. 

It  is  a  noteworthy  fact  that  the  convention  which,  on  the 
part  of  Connecticut,  ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  in  1788,  was  held  in  the  meeting-house  of  the  First 
Church  of  Hartford.'  The  centennial  anniversary  of  the 
adoption  of  the  Constitution  was  held  in  the  meeting-house 
of  the  same  church,  in  1 889. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Society,  Jan.  24,  1791,  a  committee  of 
twenty-six  gentlemen  was  appointed  to  take  into  consider- 
ation the  circumstances  and  interests  of  said  Society,  and  to 
report  at  the  next  meeting  "  such  proposals  as,  in  their  opin- 

1  Walker's  Hist.,  340. 


J^evs.  Benjamin  BoarcJnian  and  Abel  Flint  163 

ion,  shall  appear  to  be  the  most  eligible  and  proper  to 
be  offered  to  Mr.  Flint  who  hath  been  for  some  time  preach- 
ing- among  us  to  the  general  acceptance  of  the  Society."  On 
this  committee  several  names  appear  which  the  previous 
Records  do  not  mention,  —  Capt.  John  Barnard,  Joseph  Win- 
ship,  Joseph  Woodbridge,  Jonathan  Butler,  Thomas  Tisdale, 
and  Mayor  Elisha  Babcock. 

The  Society  voted  to  call  Mr.  Flint,  and  oflfered  him  the 
use  and  improvement  of  their  estate  lately  occupied  by 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Boardman,  and  the  sum  of  one  hundred  and 
twenty  pounds,  lawful  money,  annually,  for  a  term  of  seven 
years,  promising,  at  the  expiration  of  that  term,  to  increase 
the  salary  by  thirty  pounds.  They  promised  also  to  put 
the  Parsonage  in  good  repair,  and  to  keep  it  so  during 
his  occupation  of  it.  Thomas  Seymour  and  Thomas  Y.  Sey- 
mour, Esq.,  were  on  the  committee  to  treat  with  Mr.  Flint. 
At  the  same  time  the  Church,  "  with  the  consent  of  Mr. 
Boardman,"  extended,  on  their  part,  a  similar  call  to  him. 
These  invitations  were  accepted  by  Mr.  Flint,  and  arrange- 
ments were  made  for  his  ordination  by  a  joint  committee  of 
Church  and  Society,  on  the  20th  of  April,  1791.  The  council 
met  at  the  house  of  Thomas  Y.  Seymour,  Esq.,  and  was  com- 
posed of  pastors  and  delegates  from  the  First  Church  in 
Hartford,  and  the  churches  in  West  Hartford,  Durham, 
Wethersfield,  Providence,  East  Windsor,  Windsor,  and 
Windham.  Rev.  Benjamin  Boardman  was  also  a  member  of 
the  council.  Colonel  George  Wyllis  was  delegate  or  messen- 
ger from  the  First  Church,  and  Deacon  Noah  Webster  from 
Hartford  West.  Colonel  John  Chester  came  from  Wethers- 
field. The  council  took  notice  of  the  peculiar  but  amicable 
relations  of  Rev.  Mr.  Boardman  to  the  Church  and  Society, 
from  whose  pastorate  he  had  not  been  ecclesiastically  re- 
leased, although  the  civil  contract  between  them  was  dis- 
solved, and  proceeded  to  the  examination  and  approval 
of  Mr.  Flint.'     In  the  ordination  services.  Rev.  Mr.  Strong 

1  The  autograph  letter  in  which  Mr.  Flint  accepted  this  call  has  recently  come 
into  the  writer's  possession. 


164 


History  of  the  Church 


made  the  introductory  prayer,  Rev.  Enos  Hitchcock,  D.D., 
preached  the  sermon.  Rev.  Elizur  Goodrich,  D.D.,  made  the 
consecrating  prayer  and  gave  the  charge.  Rev.  Nathan 
Perkins  gave  the  right  hand  of  fellowship,  and  Rev.  Mr. 
Macchire  made  the  concluding  prayer. 

That  the  reverend  and  godly  brethren  who  convened 
for  this  solemnity  did  not  suffer  for  good  cheer  appears  from 
the  following  bill :  — 

"South   Society  to  Thos.    Seymour,    Dr.,    for    the   expenses    attending 
the  ordination  of  Mr.  FUnt,  April  19  and  20,  1791. 


"  To  50  lemons  at  los.,     - 

"    3  gallons  of  wine  of  D.  Bull 

"    I  gallon  of  ditto,  of  G.  Burnham  - 

"    I  ditto  of  cherry  rum 

"    I  gallon  of  best  spirits 

"    2  quarts  of  brandy  -  -  - 

"    I  large  loaf  of  sugar,  16  lbs  at  is.  6d. 

"    I  brown  sugar,  half  quarter,  los.  - 

"    half  barrel  of  best  cyder    - 

' '   60  wt.  of  best  flour  -  -  - 

"    24  lbs  of  butter        -  .  - 

"    10  doz  eggs  at  6d.    -  -  - 

"    I  bushel  of  apples    -  -  - 

"    spices  .... 

"    raisins  .... 

"    3  lbs  coffee   -  .  -  - 

"    I  lb  tea  .... 

"    18  lbs  best  beef,      ... 

"    2  qrs.  veal  &c.,         ... 

"    I  turkey,       .... 

"    I  doz.  fowls,  ... 

"    3  hams,  at  6d  -  -  - 

"   vegetables,  - 

"   pickles,  2S,  6d  -  -  - 

"   pipes,  IS,  6d  -  -  - 

"   tobacco,  4s,  3d  -  -  - 

"   2  bushel  oats  ... 

"  hire  of  attendance    -  -  . 

"   hire  of  house  cleaned 

"    walnut  wood  ... 

"    extra  trouble  ... 


^o 


0 

16  : 

10 

0 

6  : 

6 

0 

10  : 

0 

0 

6  : 

0 

0 

3  : 

0 

I 

4  : 

0 

0 

10  : 

0 

0 

6  : 

0 

0  : 

12  : 

0 

0 

iS  : 

0 

0 

5  : 

0 

0 

3  • 

I 

0 

6 

0 

0 

3  : 

0 

0 

2  . 

4 

0 

8 

0 

0 

6  : 

0 

0 

15 

10 

0 

6  : 

8 

0 

12  : 

0 

0 

18 

6 

0 

8 

6 

0 

2 

6 

0 

I 

6 

0 

4 

3 

0 

:  3 

0 

I 

16 

0 

0 

4 

0 

0 

:  8 

0 

3 

0 

0 

^16   :   15 


Revs.  Benjamin  Board/nan  and  Abel  Flint  156 

This  account  is  interesting,  not  only- as  showing  the 
habits  of  that  time,  but  the  relative  prices  of  various  articles 
of  food  and  drink. 

In  a  letter  dated  '^  Hartford,  April  23d,  1791,"  and 
written  by  Mason  F.  Cogswell,  M.D.,  to  his  father,  the  Rev. 
Dr.  James  Cogswell  of  Windham,  the  writer  gives  an  inter- 
esting account  of  Mr.  Flint's  ordination,  and  speaks  of  a 
hymn  that  was  sung,  ^'  which,  at  the  particular  and  friendly 
request  of  Mr.  Flint,  I  was  induced  to  write  for  the  occa- 
sion." From  the  same  letter  it  appears  that  Dr.  Cogswell 
was  somewhat  addicted  to  verse-making,  for  he  refers  to 
"  the  New  Year's  verses  "  as  owning  their  composition,  and 
then  proceeds  to  quiet  his  father's  apprehensions  by  adding, 
"  these  two  are  the  only  pieces  which  I  have  written 
since  I  came  to  Hartford.  I  mention  this  that  you  need  not 
condemn  me  for  spending  too  much  time  in  a  species  of  writ- 
ing which  might  take  up  too  much  of  my  time  should  I  in- 
dulge in  it  frequently." 

Rev.  Abel  Flint,  son  of  James  and  Jemima  (Jennings) 
Flint,  was  born  in  Windham,  Conn.,  Nov.,  1765,  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1785,  and  was  a  tutor  in  Brown  University 
from  1786  to  1790,  studying  for  the  ministry  meanwhile.  He 
preached  for  some  months  in  Worcester  before  coming  to 
Hartford.  He  married  Amelia,  daughter  of  Col.  Hezekiah 
Bissell  of  East  Windsor.  She  died  in  18 10.  They  had  four 
children,  two  of  whom  died  in  infancy. 

Mr.  Flint  is  described  by  the  Rev.  Daniel  Waldo  of  Suf- 
field,  who  knew  him  intimately,  as  a  scholarly  man,  pro- 
ficient in  French  and  mathematics,  of  dignified  presence  and 
polished  manners,  and  yet  affable  and  gracious.  His  dis- 
courses and  letters,  several  of  which  remain,  are  written  in  a 
chaste  and  flowing  style,  and  his  appearance  in  the  pulpit 
was  impressive  and  commanding.  He  possessed  a  remarka- 
bly musical  voice,  and  was  famous  for  his  excellency  as  a 
reader.  In  his  refinement  and  sensibility  he  was  quite  un- 
like his  more  vigorous  brother,  Dr.  Strong  of  the  First 
Church,  of  whose  rough  ways  and  sledge-hammer  jokes  he 


1 66  History  of  the  Church 

is  said  to  have  been  in  some  disrelish  and  terror.  Mr.  Flint 
received  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  from  Union  College 
in  1818,  and  sundry  mathematical  works  of  his  preparation 
were  widely  known  and  used  for  many  years. 

The  catalogue  of  members  of  the  Church,  and  also  the 
records  of  the  Church,  are  complete  from  the  date  of  Mr. 
Flint's  ordination. 

When  he  began  his  ministry  there  were  but  twenty- 
nine  members  of  the  Church,  thirteen  of  whom  were  men. 
Ebenezer  Crosby  and  Jonathan  Wells  were  deacons.  The 
first  died  in  1795,  and  the  second  in  1794.  Thomas  Seymour, 
then  in  the  sixtieth  year  of  his  age,  was  chosen  deacon  in 
.1794,  and  held  the  office  till  his  resignation  in  1809.  John 
Babcock  was  chosen  deacon  in  1794,  and  died  two  years  later. 
Joshua  Hempstead  was  elected  deacon  in  1795,  and  served 
till  18 18.  Thomas  Tileston  was  chosen  to  that  office  in  1809, 
and  continued  in  it  till  his  death  in  1837.  Russell  Bunce 
succeeded  Deacon  Hempstead  in  1818,  and  resigned  in   1821. 

Of  the  twenty-nine  members  of  the  Church  in  1791, 
eleven  died  before  the  year  1800.  There  were  no  young  peo- 
ple in  the  Church,  and  most  of  the  members  were  aged  peo- 
ple. Twenty-eight  persons  were  admitted  to  membership 
during  the  years  prior  to  1799.  But  the  long  period  of  relig- 
ious declension  was  at  an  end.  As  early  as  1794,  revivals  of 
religion  began  to  occur  in  many  towns,  unaccompanied  by 
the  extravagances  of  a  former  time.  A  kind  of  preaching 
had  come  in  under  the  lead  of  Bellamy,  Backus,  Smalley, 
and  other  new  theologians,  which  proved  exceedingly 
effective.  Conferences  and  evening  meetings  prevailed, 
and  evangelical  work  was  done  by  many  new  methods 
which,  with  some  variations,  were  in  vogue  for  many  years. 
In  1798-99  a  powerful  revival  occurred,  in  which  both  the 
Hartford  ministers  took  an  active  part,  and  the  churches  were 
greatly  blessed,  and  the  whole  community  was  religiously 
quickened.  Twenty-six  members  united  with  the  South 
Church  in  the  year  1799. 


J^evs.  BcnjaDiiii  Board iiian  and  Abel  Flint  167 

The  following-  action  of  the  Second  Church  in  1794,  de- 
serves notice  : 

"  Voted,  as  the  unanimous  opinion  of  this  Church,  that  it  is  unneces- 
sary for  those  who  have  once  made  a  public  profession  of  religion  by 
owning  the  covenant  of  this  Church  for  the  purpose  of  having  their  chil- 
dren baptized,  to  own  the  covenant  again  previous  to  coming  to  the  com- 
munion, and  that  whenever  any  such  persons  shall  be  desirous  of  becom- 
ing members  in  full  communion,  all  that  is  required  of  them  is  that  they 
signify  their  desire  to  the  Pastor,  to  be  communicated  to  the  Church." 

The  bad  "old  way"  was  in  practice  down  to  the  year 
1820,  when,  as  will  be  shown,  it  was  abandoned,  but  not  with- 
out the  opposition  of  the  elders. 

From  sundry  receipts  preserved,  and  from  the  Society 
records,  it  appears  that  annual  appropriations  for  the  encour- 
agement of  music  in  public  worship  were  made,  beginning 
as  early  as  the  year  1795,  when  Mr.  Amos  Bull  was  instruct- 
ing in  that  art  and  leading  the  choir.  The  sums  appropri- 
ated vary  from  sixty  to  a  hundred  dollars  a  year.  The 
names  of  David  Isham,  Horace  Meacham,  Eli  Roberts,  John 
Robbins,  Lory  Brace,  and  Alfred  Goodrich  appear  as  occa- 
sional instructors  in  singing,  but  for  nearly  a  quarter  of  a 
century,  beginning  with  1795,  Mr.  Amos  Bull  was  the  chief 
man  in  music  here.  Singing  schools  were  vigorously  main- 
tained, and  the  choir  was  composed  of  a  goodly  number  of 
the  better  singers.  In  1795,  Mr.  Bull  edited  and  caused  to  be 
published  a  "Collection  of  Sacred  Musick,"  called  The  Re- 
sponsary,  a  copy  of  which  was  presented  to  the  writer  in  1870 
by  Air.  Bull's  daughter,  Mrs.  Deming  of  Litchfield.  She  is 
authority  for  the  fact  that  T/ie  Responsary  was  prepared  and 
published  expressly  for  the  choir  of  the  Second  Church.  It 
contains  many  new  tunes  and  twelve  new  anthems,  and  in 
the  copy  at  hand  are  many  manuscript  tunes  and  anthems, 
and  also  a  few  original  hymns.  The  Responsary  was  doubt- 
less used  by  the  choir  of  this  Church  for  many  years.  It  was 
quite  as  good  as  any  book  of  that  period,  but  its  tunes  and 
anthems  were  composed  in  utter  ignorance  of  the  rudiments 


i68  History  of  the  Church 

of  musical  science,  and  the  performance  of  them  by  any 
modern  choir  would  prove  excruciating  to  the  congregation. 

In  1797  The  Hartford  Selection  of  Hymns  was  published, 
compiled  by  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Strong  and  Flint,  assisted  by 
Mr.  Joseph  Steward.  It  contained  several  original  hymns, 
and  was  received  with  many  marks  of  public  favor.  About 
the  same  time  a  new  missionary  spirit  began  to  manifest 
itself  in  the  churches  of  this  State.  As  early  as  1774,  the 
General  Association  had  recommended  subscriptions  among 
the  people  for  supporting  missionaries  "  to  the  scattered  back 
settlements  to  the  northwestward,"  in  what  is  now  Vermont 
and  Northern  New  York,  where  Connecticut  men  had  set- 
tled, but  the  Revolutionary  War  interrupted  the  movement. 
In  1788,  the  subject  came  up  again  with  new  earnestness, 
for,  iinmediately  after  the  war,  there  was  almost  a  rush  of 
emigration  into  Western  Vermont  and  beyond,  and  the  set- 
tlers were  eager  for  religious  privileges.  Several  mission- 
aries were  sent  out,  whose  reports  awakened  increased  atten- 
tion in  the  work.  In  1798,  the  General  Association  organized 
itself  as  The  Missionary  Society  of  Connecticut,  for  the  purpose 
of  christianizing  the  heathen  in  North  America,  and  to  pro- 
mote christian  knowledge  in  the  new  settlements  of  the 
United  States.  Its  missionaries  were  employed  along  the 
frontier,  and  the  good  work  done  by  them  in  gathering,  or- 
ganizing, and  fostering  churches  in  the  newly-settled  com- 
munities was  of  incalculable  value. 

This  chapter  in  the  history  of  the  Connecticut  churches, 
brighter  than  any  that  had  preceded  it,  has  never,  so  far  as 
the  writer  knows,  been  adequately  written.  In  all  that  ar- 
dent, self-sacrificing  missionary  campaign  from  1795  ^^  1830, 
our  State  succeeded  in  making  its  ineffaceable  mark  for  good 
upon  the  development  of  the  whole  country  westward.  No 
braver,  hardier,  more  indefatigable,  or  successful  mission- 
aries ever  went  forth  under  the  banner  of  the  cross  than 
those  who  labored  in  Vermont,  New  York,  and  Ohio,  under 
the  commissions  and  by  the  support  of  the  IMissionary  Soci- 
ety of  Connecticut.     Of  this  Society  Dr.  Flint  was  Secretary 


Revs.  Benjamin  Boardnian  and  Abel  Flint  169 

from  its  orijanization  until  the  year  1822.  The  correspond- 
ence with  missionaries  was  conducted  by  him,  and  the  Narra- 
tive of  Missions,  now  rarely  to  be  found,  but  written  with  ex- 
ceeding skill,  was  prepared  by  him.  He  was  instrumental  in 
forming-  the  Connecticut  Bible  Society  in  1809,  and  was  bus- 
ily engaged  with  Dr.  Strong  in  editing  the  Connecticut  Evan- 
gelical Magazine,  which  was  widely  read  in  religious  circles, 
and  contributed  largely  to  stimulate  interest  in  missionary 
operations,  and  to  give  them  financial  support. 

It  will  be  obvious  that  Mr.  Flint  was  far  from  anything 
like  indolent,  and  that  he  had  his  hands  full  of  hard  work. 
And  yet  a  dingy  letter  lies  before  me,  dated  Aug.  6,  1798,  in 
which  an  elderly  and  influential  deacon  takes  him  to  task  for 
certain  things  "exceptionable"  in  his  demeanor  and  per- 
formance as  a  minister  of  the  Gospel.  He  was  "  too  much 
abroad,"  "remiss  in  his  studies  and  public  performances." 
His  sermons  w^ere  not  "labored,"  and  were  "often  re- 
peated." He  associated  with  certain  persons  to  the  injury 
of  his  ministerial  dignity  ! 

The  reply  of  Mr.  Flint,  dated  Aug.  9,  179S,  is  a  thor- 
oughly characteristic  composition.  It  is  written  in  his  usual 
elegant  and  polite  style.  He  acknowledges  his  faults,  puts 
in  gentle  excuses,  promises  amendment,  appeals  to  favor, 
deals  out  delicate  compliments,  and  casts  himself  with  dig- 
nity and  yet  with  suggestions  of  dependence  upon  the 
generosity  and  kindness  of  his  critic  and  his  parish.  Its 
acknowledgments,  excuses,  assurances,  appeals,  and  bland- 
ishments are  so  gracefully  woven  together  as  to  be  almost 
irresistible.  He  had  that  Christian  grace  which  is  not 
easily  provoked.  He  had  that  gentlemanly  grace  of  com- 
pliance and  self-adjustment  which  enabled  him  to  receive 
rebukes,  to  confess  faults,  and  to  promise  what  was  required 
of  him  in  a  most  engaging  manner  of  chastened  huinility. 
Doubtless  he  was  somewhat  at  fault  in  the  things  alleged. 
He  liked  to  choose  his  lines  of  labor.  He  was  a  charming 
conversationalist,  his  companionship  was  eagerly  sought, 
and  he  found  society  plcasanter  than  the  routine  of  parish 
work,  but  he  was  a  hard-w^orkinof  minister  for  all  that. 


I  JO  History  of  the  C/iuich 

Two  years  later,  as  other  recently  discovered  letters 
show,  his  critics  were  at  him  again,  but  his  position  as  Pas- 
tor of  the  South  Church  was  not  shaken.  It  is  not  unlikely 
that  in  his  inimitably  gracious  way  he  suffered  considerable 
"nagging"  from  several  elderly  and  exacting  brethren  who 
could  not  confine  him  to  mere  parish  work,  nor  control  his 
movements. 

The  Parish  increased  his  salary  by  one  hundred  dollars 
"  on  account  of  the  increased  price  of  the  necessaries  of  life," 
and  repaired  the  meeting-house  and  the  parsonage. 

As  showing  somewhat  the  gracefulness  of  Dr.  Flint's 
common  forms  of  expression,  the  following  note  written  in 
reply  to  a  request  for  the  loan  of  a  sermon,  may  be  of 
interest  : 

Mr.  Lawrence, 

Sir,  I  am  extremely  sorry  I  was  not  at  home  to  wait  on  you 
last  evening.  I  hope  you  will  not  be  discouraged  from  calling  again, 
as  it  will  always  give  me  pleasure  to  see  you.  Agreeable  to  your 
request  I  send  you  the  sermon  I  delivered  yesterday.  A  great  part  of  its 
supposed  merit  arose  from  the  occasion.  The  audience  came  together 
upon  a  charitable  intention,  and  extended  their  charity  to  the  preacher. 
I  must  request  you  to  feel  the  same  degree  of  benevolence  when  you 
come  to  peruse  the  sermon,  which  you  felt  when  you  heard  it ;  else  I  fear 
it  will  appear  very  different  to  you. 

Yours  with  esteem, 
Monday  Morning.  A.  Flint. 

On  the  back  of  the  original  of  the  aforesaid  note  is 
the  following  sentence,  or  sentiinent,  which  might  well  have 
been  written  of  him:  "The  charm  of  her  conversation,  the 
purity  of  her  heart,  and  the  softness  of  her  temper  made  her 
beloved."  It  is  a  woman's  hand-writing,  and  possibly  some 
discerning  woman  in  Mr.  Lawrence's  family  wrote  this  senti- 
ment on  the  back  of  Mr.  Flint's  letter  with  the  design  of 
characterizing  the  author  of  it. 

The  money  requisite  for  ecclesiastical  support  was 
raised  by  a  summary  process,  as  the  following  quotation 
from  a  little,  dingy  Rate-Book  of   179 1-2   will  show      The 


J^c'vs.  Bcnjai/iiii  Board/nan  and  Abel  Flint  1 7  i 

book  bears  the  inscription:  "Rate  Bill  on  List  of  1791  — 
Hartford  South  Society."  Henry  Seymour  was  then  Collec- 
tor, and  Jonathan  Bull,  Barzillai  Hudson,  and  Thomas  Y. 
Seymour  were  Rate-Makers  : 

To  Mr.  HiiNRY  Seymour,  Collector  of  Rates  for  the  Second  Society  in 
Hartford,  —  Greeting  : 
By  the  authority  of  the  State  of  Connecticut  you  are  hereby  com- 
manded forthwith  to  levy  and  collect  of  the  Persons  returned  in  the 
annexed  List  herewith  committed  unto  you,  each  one  his  several 
proportion  as  therein  set  down  of  the  sum  total  of  such  List,  being  a  Tax 
or  assessment  granted  by  the  Inhabitants  of  said  Society  regularly 
assembled  on  the  fourth  day  of  July,  1792,  for  the  payment  of  the 
Rev.  Abel  Flinfs  salary,  and  to  deliver  and  pay  the  sum  or  sums  which 
you  shall  so  collect,  unto  the  Treasurer  of  said  Society  at  or  before 
the  third  day  of  March  next ;  and  if  any  Person  or  Pensons  shall  neglect 
or  refuse  to  make  payment  of  the  sum  or  sums  whereat  he  or  they 
are  respectively  assessed  and  set  in  said  List,  to  distrain  t/ie  goods 
or  chattels  of  such  person  or  persons,  and  the  same  dispose  of  as 
the  Law  directs,  returning  the  overplus,  if  any  be,  unto  the  owner 
thereof  ;  and  for  want  of  Goods  and  chattels  whereon  to  levy  and 
make  distress,  you  are  to  take  the  Body  or  Bodies  of  the  Person 
or  Persons  so  refusing,  and  him  or  them  commit  unto  the  keeper 
of  the  Gaol  in  Hartford  in  the  County  of  Hartford  within  the  said  Prison, 
who  is  hereby  commanded  to  receive  and  safely  to  keep  him  or  them 
until  he  or  they  pay  and  satisfy  the  sum  or  sums  assessed  as  aforesaid, 
together  with  your  fees  —  unless  the  said  assessments  or  any  part 
thereof,  upon  application  to  the  County  Court  be  abated. 
Dated  at  Hartford  the  14th  day  of  Septr. 
Anno  Dom  :  1792 

JoNTH.  Bull,  Just.  Peace. 

Among-  the  largest  rate-payers  on  this  list  were  Thomas 
Seymour,  Noah  Webster,  William  Andrus,  Barzillai  Hudson, 
Levi  Robbins,  Joseph  vSheldon,  and  Jonathan  Wells.  On 
the  same  list  are  the  names  of  Oliver  Ellsworth,  Theodore 
Dwight,  and  James  Ensign. 

In  1794  the  second  State  House,  now  the  City  Hall,  was 
begun,  and  two  years  later  was  completed,  at  a  cost  of 
$52,000,  but  the  cupola,  with  its  crowning  figure  of  Justice, 
was  added  in  181 2. 


172  History  of  the  CJiurch 

The  First  Baptist  Church  in  this  city  was  org-anized, 
with  sixteen  members,  March  23,  179c,  and  Mr.  John  Bolles 
was  chosen  Deacon.  Its  first  Pastor  was  Rev.  Stephen 
S.  Nelson,  ordained  about  1797.  Its  first  meeting-house  was 
built  about  1794,  at  the  corner  of  Temple  and  Market 
streets. 

Attempts  had  been  made,  as  early  as  1762,  to  plant 
an  Episcopal  Church  in  Hartford,  and  the  foundations  of 
a  Sanctuary  were  then  laid,  but  the  work  was  abandoned. 
The  oldest  recorded  acts  of  Christ  Church  Parish  are  those 
of  a  meeting  held  Nov.  13,  1786,  at  which  a  new  organization 
was  effected.  A  church  was  built  and  consecrated  by 
Bishop  J  arvis,  Nov.  11,  1801. 

In  1799  a  committee  was  appointed  to  procure  some  con- 
venient place  for  a  new  burying-ground,  and  in  1800  the 
"  Old  South  Yard,"  on  Maple  Avenue,  was  opened,  and  the 
first  burial  there  was  that  of  Walter  Robbins,  in  1801.' 

Dramatic  exhibitions  found  their  way  into  Hartford 
as  early  as  1778,  and  flourished  in  the  latter  years  of  the 
century.  In  1795  a  theater  was  built  on  what  is  now  Tem- 
ple Street,  and  was  patronized  by  the  best  citizens,  but 
in  May,  1800,  the  General  Asseml^ly  passed  an  act  to  prevent 
all  theatrical  exhibitions,  imposing'  a  fine  of  fifty  dollars  on 
all  offienders,  and  for  a  while  the  theater  was  in  abeyance 
here.  But  amusements  flourished.  There  were  dancing' 
schools  in  abundance,  and  weekly  balls  and  "  assemblies  "  of 
the    most   innocent   and   brilliant   sort.       Dancing'   was   de- 

>  A  manuscript  record  of  burials  from  January,  1800,  to  December,  1803, 
has  recently  come  into  my  possession.  It  is  carefully  written,  the  deaths 
being  successively  noted  and  numbered,  and  is  evidently  the  work  of  an  official  who 
had  the  care  of  the  Burying  Grounds.  Some  of  its  memoranda  are  curious  :  "  Feb. 
22,  1800,  died  Uriah  Burkit,  aged  71  years.  Mr.  Burkit  has  had  the  care  of  the 
Publick  Burying  ground  in  this  city  50  years  and  ten  months,  in  which  time  he  has 
buried  2245  persons."  Again,  "April  17,  Buried  Doct.  Lemuel  Hopkins,  the  cele- 
brated Physician,  Philosopher,  and  Poet,  aged  50  years." 

This  curious  old  book  also  contains  a  weather  diary  for  iSoi,  February 
and  March,  and  for  the  same  months  of  t8o2.  It  notes,  day  by  day,  the  great  rains 
and  the  rising  flood  of  March,  1801,  and  its  record  for  1S02  shows  that  the  win- 
ter of  that  season  was  much  like  that  of  1890. 


HcTs.  Bc/ijainin  Boardinan  and  Abel  Flint  173 

scribed  by  Miss  Mary  Anne  Wolcott  in  a  letter  to  her 
brother,  at  Yale,  as  "an  amusement  that  profits  the  mind," 
and  Dr.  Bennett's  "  Letters  to  a  Young  Lady,"  advertised  in 
the  Ct>u rani,  and  abounding  in  "religious  and  polite  knowl- 
edge," names  dancing  as  one  of  the  numerous  "accomplish- 
ments." There  were  camels,  lions,  bisons,  trained  dogs, 
monkeys,  and  an  elephant  on  exhibition,  and  something 
called  a  "  circus  "  was  to  be  seen  on  the  South  Green  in  1799. 
Election  day  with  its  parade  and  music,  with  its  soldiers 
in  gay  uniform,  and  its  ministers  in  black,  and  with  no  end  of 
hilarity  as  well  as  solemnity,  was  still  the  great  holiday, 
when  the  town  was  full  of  visitors,  and  election  cake,  ginger 
beer,  and  other  good  things  to  eat  and  drink  abounded. 
Washington's  birth-day  was  celebrated  with  festivities,  and 
Independence  Day  with  noise  and  tumult,  of  course.  There 
were  games  of  bowls  and  cricket,  turkey  shooting,  and 
athletic  sports. 

In  1786  the  good  women  of  the  town  made  an  organized 
effort  to  encourage  plainness  in  dress,  and  to  avoid  unneces- 
sary expense,  "  especially  in  foreign  articles,"  as  wall  appear 
from  the  following  quotation  from  the  Couranl  of  November 
6th,  that  year  : 

"  Our  submission  to  the  manners  and  fashions  of  other  countries  ren- 
ders us  dependent  upon  the  interests  and  caprices  of  foreigners,  prevents 
native  ingenuity,  makes  us  slaves  of  Parisian  or  London  milliners  and 
mantua-makers,  and  is  a  cause  of  distress  to  our  country  through  ex- 
travagance. Moreover,  many  prevailing  fashions  are  inconsistent  with 
our  conditions  and  circiimstances,  and  are  devoid  of  taste.  For  these 
and  similar  reasons,  we  will  not  hereafter  wear  superfluous  articles  or 
ornaments  of  dress,  but  will  eschew  frippery  and  unnecessary  decora- 
tions—  laces,  ribbons,  flowers,  feathers,  gauze,  and  expensive  materials, 
and  we  will  not  attend  private  or  piiblic  assemblies  oftener  than  once  in 
three  weeks." 

But  it  may  be  doubted  if  the  effort  was  prolonged  or  suc- 
cessful. The  advertisements  of  broadcloths  show  that  coats 
of  many  colors  were  in  fashion.  Long,  broad-tailed  coats 
wath   htige   pockets,    knee-breeches,   and   low-crowned    hats 


174  History  of  the  Church 

were  common.  The  minister  wore  silk  stockings  in  summer 
and  worsted  ones  in  winter.  Gentlemen  powdered  their 
hair.  The  waistcoat  was  long  and  had  an  immense  collar. 
Umbrellas  were  for  sale,  brought  hither  froin  India.  A  few 
houses  were  decorated  with  wall-paper,  and  furnished  with 
carpets.  The  women  wore  "close-fitting,  short-waisted 
gowns  of  silk,  muslin  or  gingham,  with  a  kerchief  over  the 
shoulders  and  breast.  Girls  wore  a  large  vandyke,  the 
younger  ones  low  neck  and  short  sleeves."  High-heeled 
shoes  were  in  vogue,  and  black  satin  cloaks  with  white 
linings.  "  Female  aprons,  for  ladies  from  eighteen  to  fifty," 
were  advertised.  Many  other  curious  details  are  given 
by  Henry  Baldwin  in  his  exceedingly  interesting-  paper 
in  the  first  volume  of  the  Memorial  History  of  Hartford 
County,  on  "  Social  Life  after  the  Revolution." 

A  visitor  to  Hartford  not  long  before  the  year  1800,  was 
enthusiastic  in  his  praise  of  the  "  industry  and  opulence " 
of  the  town.  In  the  last  decade  of  the  century  a  marked  im- 
provement is  noticeable  in  the  books  advertised  for  sale. 
Sharp  discussions  of  political  and  ecclesiastical  questions 
were  printed  in  the  Courant,  and  a  racy,  wholesome  series  of 
articles,  under  the  title  of  "  The  Prompter,"  was  written 
for  the  same  paper  in  179 1.  In  perusing  the  files  of  that 
journal  for  the  years  of  the  last  decade  of  the  eighteenth 
century,  one  plainly  perceives  that  a  new  life  and  spirit  had 
been  awakened  in  the  community.  He  feels,  while  reading, 
the  breath  of  progress,  and  notwithstanding  the  lamenta- 
tions over  a  "  decayed  religious  condition,"  he  is  convinced 
that  the  community  of  whose  thought  and  life  such  a  paper  is 
the  reflection,  must  have  been  pretty  sound  at  heart  and  sane 
of  mind.  Indeed,  it  may  fairly  be  questioned  whether  the 
so-called  "  rationalism '  of  the  closing  years  of  the  century 
was  not,  in  part,  a  healthy  reaction  of  awakened  thought 
against  the  rigid  theology  of  the  age.  For  the  "  New 
Light"  theology  which  had  come  in  upon  the  churches  was, 
in  many  respects,  stricter  and  severer  than  that  which  it 
supplanted.  Its  intensity  was  gained  by  its  narrower  limita- 
tions and  definitions. 


Revs.  BoijaDiiii  Board  man  and  Abel  Flint  175 

The  prohibition  of  the  slave  trade  in  Connecticut,  as 
early  as  1775,  and  the  complete  abolition  of  slavery  in  the 
State,  in  1788,  deserves  mention  here,  because  these  results 
were  largely  due  to  the  faithful  and  bold  testimony  borne 
against  the  whole  system  of  slaver)^  by  the  Christian  minis- 
ters of  Connecticut. 

In  1784  the  legal  establishment  of  the  Saybrook  plat- 
form was  abrogated,  although  against  stout  protest  and 
resistance.  By  that  abrogation  all  people  in  the  State  were 
left  at  liberty  to  worship  according  to  their  preferences,  but 
they  were  still  subject  to  taxation  for  the  support  of  the 
Societies  in  which  they  chose  to  be  enrolled.  This  step 
towards  the  disunion  of  Church  and  State  and  the  establish- 
ment of  complete  religious  liberty,  was  the  result  of  a  grow- 
ing revolt  against  the  system  of  taxation  which  prevailed  for 
the  support  of  a  "standing  order"  with  which  many  had  no 
sympathy,  and  against  the  petty  tyranny  which  that  "order" 
had  often  exercised  in  the  name  of  discipline.  It  was  the 
ecclesiastical  first-fruits  of  the  Revolution.  The  Congrega- 
tionalists  had  only  themselves  to  blame  that  thousands,  some 
of  whom  were  indifferent  to  religion,  but  many  of  whom 
were  good  and  godly  persons,  "signed  off"  from  the  old 
churches,  and  enrolled  themselves  in  other  denominations. 
It  is  a  matter  for  congratulation  that  the  only  people  and  the 
only  churches  harshly  dealt  with  by  the  ecclesiastical  and 
civil  authorities  under  the  legal  establishment  of  the 
Saybrook  system,  were  those  calling  themselves  Congre- 
gational. Sober  dissenters  of  other  "  persuasions "  or 
denominations  were  allowed  liberty  to  worship  in  their 
own  way,  and  the  toleration  given  them,  barring  the  mat- 
ter of  taxation  for  the  support  of  the  "standing  order," 
was  liberal  and  cordial.  It  was  only  the  dissenting  Congre- 
gationalists  that  were  worried  and  harried  and  often  per- 
secuted. 

The  history  of  the  Church  and  Society  from  1800  until 
the  retirement  of  Dr.  Flint  is  one  of  considerable  growth 
both  in  numbers  and  grace,  and  the  period  was  one  of  many 


176  History  of  the  Church 

spiritual  revivals  and  of  great  religious  activity  in  new- 
directions  and  by  new  measures.  It  may  be  best  to  outline 
first  the  activities  of  the  Church  and  Society,  and  then 
to  sketch  the  larger  movements  in  which  they  were,  to  some 
degree,  involved. 

During  the  first  seven  years  of  this  period  the  admis- 
sions to  the  Church  were  remarkably  few.  But  in  the  years 
1808-9,  Hartford  was  visited  with  a  pow^erful  revival  of  relig- 
ion, which  also  extended  far  and  wide  in  the  State.  The 
Connecticut  Evangelical  Magazine  contains  full  and  interesting 
accounts  of  these  refreshings,  which  occasioned  great  joy  in 
all  the  churches.  Conference  meetings  were  held  and  both 
the  Presbyterian  Societies  of  Hartford  received  large  acces- 
sions to  their  membership.  The  churches  and  ministers 
at  this  time  were  always  described  as  Presbyterian.'  About 
forty  persons  united  with  the  South  Church  in  1808,  and 
nearly  as  many  in  the  year  following.  Sixteen  were  added 
in  the  year  1810.  The  additions  were,  on  an  average,  about 
five  each  year  during  the  period  from  1810  till  182 1,  and  in 

1  As  early  as  1766  overtures  were  made  to  the  General  Association  of  Connec- 
ticut from  the  Presbyterians  in  Philadelphia  and  New  York,  for  conference  in  meas- 
ures to  preserve  their  common  religious  liberties.  The  Presbyterians  and  Congre- 
gationalists  were  closely  drawn  together  in  jealousy  of  Episcopacy,  and  by  the 
course  of  things  in  the  war.  Moreover,  the  contentions  in  Connecticut  had  brought 
odium  upon  the  word  Congregational,  and  gradually  the  word  itself  gave  way  to 
Presbyterian.  The  Hartford  North  Association  in  1779  explicitly  sanctioned  this 
change  in  a  remarkable  resolution,  giving  information  to  all  whom  it  may  concern, 
that  the  "Constitution  of  the  churches  in  the  State  of  Connecticut,  founded  on  the 
common  usage,  and  the  confession  of  faith,  heads  of  agreement,  and  articles  of 
church  discipline,  adopted  at  the  earliest  period  of  the  settlement  of  this  State,  is  not 
Congregational,  but  contains  the  essentials  of  .  .  .  the  Presbyterian  Church  in 
America,  particularly  as  it  gives  a  decisive  power  to  Ecclesiastical  councils." 

It  is  true  enough  that  in  adopting  the  Saybrook  Platform,  the  Connecticut 
chiirches  embarked  in  a  semi-Presbyterian  ark.  But  the  resolution  was  ridicu- 
lously false  in  fact.  The  "earliest  period  of  the  settlement  of  this  State"  was  not 
1708,  but  1636,  when  Congregationalism  was  pure  of  Saybrook  heads  of  agreement 
and  articles  of  discipline. 

The  aforementioned  resolution  concluded  with  this  sentence  :  "  Sometimes,  in- 
deed, the  associated  churches  of  Connecticut  are  loosely  and  vaguely,  though  im- 
properly, termed  Congregational." 

It  looks  as  though  the  "established  order"  might  have  gone  entirely  over  to 
Presbyterianism,  in  truth  as  in  name,  but  for  the  dissenters  and  separatists  whom  it 
ill-treated. 


Rr7's.   Benjaiiiiii   Board  man  and  Abel  Flint  i"]"] 

the  latter  year  sixty- five  were  received  into  the  church.  The 
practice  of  "owning  the  covenant"  seems  to  have  ceased 
here  in  the  year  1809. 

Among-  those  admitted  in  1808  was  Thomas  Tileston, 
who  was  elected  deacon  in  1809,  in  place  of  Thomas  Sey- 
mour, who  resigned  at  the  age  of  seventy-four  years. 
Deacon  Tileston  obtained  a  good  report.  He  was,  by  his 
goodness,  gentleness,  and  grace,  a  pillar  in  the  Church  for 
many  years,  and  his  pious  ministrations  were  incessant  and 
fruitful. 

In  the  year  18 14  the  Church  took  measures  to  provide 
for  its  religious  uses  a  much-needed  chapel.  The  Society 
seems  to  have  taken  no  official  part  in  this  enterprise.  No 
mention  of  it  appears  in  its  records.  The  Church  appointed 
a  committee  consisting  of  Deacon  Tileston,  Russell  Bunce, 
and  Erastus  Flint  to  solicit  subscriptions  for  the  chapel, 
to  select  a  suitable  site  for  it,  and  to  superintend  its  con- 
struction. In  the  course  of  two  years  it  was  completed,  and 
the  Legislature  w^as  petitioned  to  authorize  the  Church,  as  a 
corporation,  "  to  receive  a  conveyance  of  and  to  hold  the 
Chapel  lately  built  on  the  north  side  of  Buckingham  vStreet, 
and  a  lease  of  the  grounds  on  which  said  Chapel  stands,  and 
any  other  estate,  real  or  personal,  not  exceeding  two  thou- 
sand dollars." 

The  year  1818  marks  the  origin  of  the  Sunda)'-school 
in  Hartford.  At  that  time  there  were  but  four  churches 
in  the  city,  the  First  and  Second  Congregational,  Christ 
Church,  and  the  First  Baptist.  On  the  20th  of  April,  a 
meeting  w^as  held  to  consider  the  propriety  of  establishing 
Sunday-schools.  Rev.  Dr.  Flint  was  chosen  chairman,  and 
Seth  Terry,  Esq.,  clerk. 

The  "Hartford  Sunday-school  Society"  was  formed 
May  5th  ;  Dr.  Flint  was  chosen  president,  Seth  Terry,  Esq., 
clerk,  and  nine  directors  were  also  chosen.  Four  schools 
were  organized,  and  of  the  fourth,  Vhich  assembled  in  the 
South    Church    Chapel,    Elijah    Knox    was    superintendent. 


lyS  History  of  the  Church 

During-  the  summer  of  1818  about  five  hundred  scholars 
were  gathered  in  these  four  schools.  The  Society  managed 
the  schools  until  1820,  when  it  was  deemed  best  that  each 
parish  should  manage  its  own  school,  and  the  Society  ceased 
its  operations.  In  1820  Michael  Seymour  and  Elijah  Knox 
were  chosen  Deacons,  and  about  that  time  another  great 
and  extensive  revival  occurred,  by  which  the  churches  were 
largely  increased  in  numbers.  One  feature  of  the  revival 
services  in  Hartford  was  the  powerful  preaching  of  Rev. 
Lyman  Beecher  of  Litchfield. 

In  1820  the  First  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  in  this 
city  was  organized,  and  a  house  of  worship  was  erected 
on  Trumbull  street. 

The  records  of  the  Society  furnish  a  few  items  of  inter- 
est. In  1 802  Henry  Seymour,  son  of  the  venerable  Deacon 
Thomas  Seymour,  and  father  of  Colonel  Thomas  H.  Sey- 
mour, was  elected  clerk.  In  1814  James  Babcock  was 
chosen  clerk,  and  Henry  Seymour  soon  became  treasurer  of 
the  Society.  In  1815  the  committee  were  authorized  to  take 
down  the  spire  of  the  meeting-house,  and  the  question  of 
removing  the  house  itself  was  discussed.  It  was  evidently 
going  to  decay,  and  was  also  an  obstruction  in  the  highway. 
Two  years  later  the  question  of  a  new  ineeting-house  was 
debated,  but  the  time  for  re-building  had  not  come.  The 
old  house  was  whitewashed  and  painted,  but  no  considerable 
repairs  or  alterations  of  it  were  made.  It  must  have  pre- 
sented an  aspect  of  extreme  dilapidation.  In  18 18  much 
feeling  was  manifested  and  inany  votes  were  passed  with 
respect  to  the  use  of  the  meeting-house  for  town  meetings. 
Elections  had  formerly  been  held  in  it,  and  for  many  years 
it  had  been  the  place  for  the  annual  freemen's  ineeting.  It 
was  voted  not  to  permit  the  town  to  hold  its  meetings  in  the 
House  of  Worship.  This  vote  was  rescinded,  passed  again, 
and  once  more  rescinded.  Just  how  the  question  was  finally 
settled  does  not  appear. 

A  notification  like  the  following  was  probably  issued 
each   year  : 


Revs.  Benjamin  Board  man  and  Abel  Flint  179 

"  The  Freemen  of  the  Town  of  Hartford  are  hereby  notified  to 
attend  Freemen's  Meeting,  at  the  South  Meeting-House,  on  Monday 
next,  at  9  o'clock,  A.  M. 

"  AzoR  Hatch,  Constable. 
"  April  6,  1814." 

The  meeting-house  of  the  First  Church,  dedicated  in 
1739,  had  also  become  decayed,  and  in  1804  steps  were  taken 
for  the  erection  of  a  new  House  of  Worship,  which  was  com- 
pleted and  occupied  in  1807.  While  this  new  sanctuary  was 
in  process  of  erection  the  religious  services  on  election  day 
were  held  in  the  South  Church,  which  explains  sundry 
old  bills  of  the  committee  of  the  Second  Ecclesiastical 
Society  against  the  State  of  Connecticut,  for  preparing  and 
"cleansing  the  sanctuary."  E.  A.  Kendall  was  here  on  elec- 
tion day  in  1807,  and  his  description  of  its  scenes  and  ser- 
vices is  very  graphic.  The  following  sentences  are  quoted 
as  setting  forth  with  some  particularity  the  aspect  and 
condition  of  the  South  Meeting-House  at  that  time  :  — 

"  At  about  eleven  o'clock,  his  Excellency  entered  the  State  House, 
and  shortly  after  took  his  place  at  the  head  of  the  procession,  which  was 
made  to  a  meeting-house  or  church,  something  less  than  half  a  mile  dis- 
tant. The  procession  was  on  foot,  and  was  composed  of  the  person 
of  the  governor,  together  with  the  lieutenant-governor,  assistants,  high 
sheriffs,  members  of  the  lower  house  of  the  assembly,  and,  unless 
with  accidental  exceptions,  all  the  clergy  of  the  State.  It  was  preceded 
by  the  foot-guards,  and  followed  by  the  horse.  .  .  .  The  church, 
which  from  its  situation  is  called  South  Meeting  House,  is  a  small 
one,  and  was  resorted  to  on  this  occasion,  only  because  that  more 
ordinarily  used  was  at  the  time  rebuilding.  The  edifice  is  of  wood,  alike 
unornamented  within  and  without,  and  when  filled,  there  was  still 
presented  to  the  eye  nothing  but  what  had  the  plainest  appearance.  The 
military  remained  in  the  street,  with  the  exception  of  a  few^  officers 
to  whom  no  place  of  honor  or  distinction  was  assigned  ;  neither  the 
governor  nor  other  magistrates  were  accompanied  with  any  insignia 
of  office.  The  clergy  had  no  canonical  costume,  and  there  were  no 
females  in  the  church  except  a  few  who  were  stationed  by  themselves  in 
a  gallery  opposite  the  pulpit,  in  quality  of  singers.  .  .  .  The  pulpit, 
or,  as  it  is  here  called,  the  desk,  was  filled  by  three,  if  not  four  clergy- 
men, a  number  which,  bv  its  form  and  dimensions  it  was  able  to  accom- 


i8o  History  of  the  Church 

modate."  Of  these  one  opened  the  service  with  a  prayer,  another 
dcUvered  a  sermon,  a  third  delivered  a  closing  prayer,  and  a  fourth 
pronounced  a  benediction.  Several  hymns  were  sung,  and  among 
others  an  occasional  one.  (This  hymn  is  printed  in  Kendall's  ac- 
count.)    The  total  number  of  singers  was  between  forty  and  fifty." 

There  were  about  one  hundred  ministers  in  the  pro. 
cession.  On  the  evening  following-,  the  annual  ball,  called 
the  election  ball,  occurred,  and  on  the  Monday  following-, 
a  second,  "more  select." 

In  the  year  1816,  Dr.  Strong  died,  in  the  sixty-ninth  year 
of  his  age,  having  been  pastor  of  the  First  Church  for  forty- 
two  years.  He  was  in  all  respects  a  remarkable  man,  and 
his  ministry  had  made  a  deep  and  abiding  impression,  both  of 
himself  and  of  the  Gospel  upon  the  community.'  For  nearly 
a  quarter  of  a  century  he  and  Dr.  Flint  had  labored  side  by 
side  harmoniously,  each  doing  his  proper  work.  Dr.  vStrong 
was  buried  in  the  North  Burying  Ground,  where  a  monu- 
ment was  erected  to  his  memory.  Many  of  his  jokes  have 
been  handed  down,  some  of  which,  like  that  in  which  he 
joined  Drs.  Perkins  and  Flint  with  himself  in  the  distillery 
business,  are  coarse  enough  to  have  been  forgotten.  But  as 
a  specimen  of  his  brighter  wit  the  story  told  by  Dr.  Walker 
in  his  History  (page  361)  may  be  transcribed  here  : 

Having  on  one  occasion  a  callow  young  minister  to 
preach  for  him,  he  noticed,  a  little  before  the  hour  for  after- 
noon service,  that  many  of  his  dissatisfied  congregation  were 
passing  by  his  house,  on  the  way  to  the  South  Church. 
Whereupon  he  said  to  the  unsuspecting  young  brother,  "  I 
do  wish  Brother  Flint's  congregation  could  hear  that  sermon 
you  preached  for  my  people  to-day  ;  and,  late  as  it  is,  I  think 
it  can  be  done."  A  messenger  was  immediately  sent  to  Dr. 
Flint  and  brought  a  cordial  invitation  for  a  repetition  of  the 
morning  discourse  to  the  South  congregation.  The  sequel 
can  easily  enough  be  imagined. 

In  181 7,  Mr.  Joel  Hawes  appeared  in  the  pulpit  of  the 
First  Church  for  the  first  time  and  preached.    After  a  consid- 

>  Walker's  Hist.,  Chap.  13. 


Revs.  Benjamin  Boardman  and  Abel  Flint  i8i 

erably  long-  probation  he  was  called  to  the  pastorate  left  va- 
cant by  Dr.  Strong-'s  death,  and  was  ordained  on  the  4th  of 
March,  1818.  He  labored  in  the  ministry  here  with  singular 
simplicity,  sincerity,  and  success,  for  forty-six  years,  and 
for  forty-nine  years  was  officially  in  the  pastorate  of  the 
First  Church.  He  soon  occupied  a  commanding  position  in 
the  community,  and  eventually  exercised  an  influence  second 
to  that  of  no  other  pastor  in  Connecticut. 

Although  Dr.  Hawes  was  in  the  Center  Church  and 
actively  at  work  there  when  the  present  writer  came  to 
Hartford,  and  although  it  was  granted  that  the  young  man 
should  call  the  patriarch  his  friend,  and  find  in  him  both 
friend  and  father,  yet  there  is  no  need  to  speak  further 
concerning  him  here.  Dr.  Walker's  report  of  him,  and  par- 
ticularly Dr.  Edward  A.  Lawrence's  biography  of  him  may 
easily  be  consulted. 

A  great  excitement  prevailed  throughout  the  Second 
Parish  in  the  year  1822,  caused  by  an  attempt  to  introduce 
avowed  Universalist  preaching  into  the  pulpit.  It  was  then 
believed  that  the  ultimate  object  of  the  prime  movers  in  this 
discreditable  scheme  was  to  get  control  of  the  funds  of  the 
Society,  and  to  put  the  entire  church  establishment  into  the 
hands  of  the  Universalists.  However  this  may  be,  had  their 
aims  been  realized,  the  Church  and  Society  would  inevitably 
have  been  moved  from  its  ancient  foundations,  if  not  utterly 
rained.  Some  of  the  committee  of  the  Society  were  foremost 
in    the  effort.     The  following  correspondence  will   explam 

the  movement  : 

"  Hartford,  27"^  May,  1822. 
"  Rev.  Doct.  Flint: 

"Sir,  —  As  Committee  of  the  Second  Ecclesiastical  Society,  we 
would  respectfully  represent  that  a  large  proportion  of  the  members  of 
said  Society,  believing  in  the  universality  of  the  atonement  and  of  the 
final  restitution  of  all  men,  have  expressed  their  desire  that  a  cler- 
gyman agreeing  with  them  in  sentiment  should  be  permitted  to  preach 
in  the  meeting-house  of  the  Society  one-half  of  the  Sabbaths  previ- 
ous to  our  next  annual  meeting.  The  equity  of  this  proposition  may  be 
considered  conclusive,  from  the  consideration,  that  as  they  are  members 


1 82  History  of  the  Church 

of  the  same  Society,  and  subject  to  the  like  burthens  with  their  other 

'  Christian  brethren,  so  also  are  they  entitled  to  equal  privileges,  and  of 

course  have  an  equal  claim  with  those  who  differ  from  them  in  sentiment, 

to  hear   the   Gospel  preached  according  to  their  understanding  of  the 

Scriptures. 

"  We  are.  Reverend  Sir, 

' '  Yours  &c. , 

"Signed,  "  Elisha  Shepard,    ) 

o  ITT  \  Comim'ftee." 

Sylvester  Wells,  ) 

This  astonishing  request  came  just  after  the  great  and 
powerful  revival  of  1821,  when  over  sixty  persons  were  ad- 
mitted to  the  Church.  But  the  Church  had  nothing  to  do 
with  the  movement.  The  Universalist  element  was  in  the 
Society  only,  and  was  not  particularly  characterized  by  piety 
in  the  persons  who  constituted  it.  The  doctrines  of  Uni- 
versalism  had  been  abroad  in  the  air  of  New  England  for 
some  time.  In  1821,  the  Rev.  Richard  Carrique  gathered  in 
the  State  House  the  first  Universalist  congregation  in  Hart- 
ford. Three  years  after  he  left  his  people,  occupying  a 
building  in  Central  Row,  on  the  site  of  Central  Hall. 

To  the  following  letter  Dr.  Flint  replied,  two  days  later, 
as  follows  : 

"  To  the  Comjiiittee  of  the  Second  Ecclesiastical  Society  of  Hartford : 

"  Gentlemen,  —  Your  letter  of  the  27"»  was  duly  received,  and  after 
mature  reflection  and  consideration,  I  submit  to  you  the  following  reply. 

"According  to  the  usages  of  our  country  from  its  first  settlement  to 
the  present  time,  and,  as  far  as  my  information  extends,  of  all  other 
Christian  countries,  it  is  considered  as  the  right,  the  privilege,  the  duty  of 
a  minister,  regularly  ordained  and  installed  in  a  Church  and  Society,  to 
have  control  of  the  pulpit  belonging  to  the  Parish,  on  the  Sabbath,  and  at 
such  other  times  as  he  may  have  occasion  to  occupy  it.  In  exercising 
this  right,  however,  and  in  discharging  this  duty,  he  is  bound  by  certain 
restrictions,  a  principal  one  of  which  is  that  he  do  not  encourage  what  he 
considers  as  fundamental  errors  to  be  taught  to  the  people  of  whom  he 
has  the  charge  ;  and  that  he  do  not  admit,  voluntaril3%  into  the  pulpit, 
preachers  who  inculcate  a  system  of  religion  materially  different  from  that 
one  on  which  the  church  and  society  were  founded.  I  do  not,  therefore. 
Gentlemen,  consider  myself  authorized  to  comply  with  your  proposal,  and 


Rci's.  Benjamin   noarJnian  and  Abel  Flint  183 

were  I  to  comply,  I  should  betray  the  trust  committed  to  me  when  I  took 
charge  of  the  Second  Church  and  Society  of  Hartford. 

"  The  Society  was  incorporated,  I  believe,  in  the  year  1669,  and  at 
that  time  and  ever  since,  the  Society  and  the  Pastor,  for  the  time  being, 
have  been  considered  believers  in  the  general  system  of  doctrines  adopted 
by  the  Consociated  Churches  of  Connecticut.  This  system  of  doctrine  is 
fundamentall}'  different  from  that  which,  in  your  letter,  you  propose  that 
I  should  consent  to  have  taught  for  one-half  the  Sabbaths,  in  the  pulpit 
committed  to  my  charge  thirty-one  years  ago  the  last  month. 

"  You  will  therefore  perceive.  Gentlemen,  that  by  complying  with 
your  proposal,  I  should  be  guilty  of  a  gross  violation  of  my  ordination 
vows.  I  should  give  my  sanction  to  what  I  believe,  to  what  the  Church 
believes,  and  to  what  a  respectable  portion  of  the  parish  believes  to  be  a 
dangerous  error,  and  I  should  drive  several  hundred  people  from  the 
house  where  they  have  been  accustomed  to  meet  to  worship  God  on  the 
Sabbath,  where,  according  to  the  laws  of  the  country,  they  have  a  right 
to  meet,  and  from  which  they  cannot  be  debarred,  except  by  a  exertion 
of  arbitrary  power. 

"  Permit  me  therefore  to  observe  to  you,  that  I  and  those  who  act 
with  me  in  this  business,  claim  no  right  to  dictate  to  others  what  religious 
sentiments  thej^  shall  embrace,  and  we  trust  that  we  are  really  as  much 
opposed  to  religious  persecution  as  those  who  say  so  much  concerning 
love  and  good-will  to  men. 

"All  that  we  claim  and  all  that  we  ask,  is  to  be  left  to  the  unmo- 
lested enjoyment  of  our  own  opinions,  and  to  the  occupancy  of  a  house  of 
worship  that  was  built  by  our  fathers  for  persons  of  our  general  system  of 
sentiments,  our  right  to  which  we  conceive  we  have  not  forfeited.  If  any 
members  who  have  been  members  of  the  Society  have  materially  altered 
their  sentiments,  we  are  certainly  willing  that  they  should  enjoy  their 
own  opinions;  but  we  believe  they  have  no  right,  however  numerous  they 
m.ay  be,  to  what,  upon  every  just  and  honest  principle,  belongs  to  people 
of  a  different  persuasion. 

"  I  hope,  Gentlemen,  yoi:  will  maturely  consider  what  I  have  written, 
and  if  it  should  not  produce  conviction  in  your  minds  that  I  am  correct,  I 
shall  at  least  have  discharged  my  duty,  and  I  must  leave  the  event  to  the 
wise  disposal  of  that  Providence  which  controls  all  things. 
"  Yours  with  due  consideration, 

"  Abel  Flint, 

"  Pastor  of  the  Sec.  Church  and  Soc,  Hartford,  May  2g,  1S22.'"' 

This  letter,  so  admirable  in  its  spirit,  and  so  felicitous  in 
its  firmness,  did  not  convince  the  Committee,  who  then  set 


184  History  of  the  Church 

about  to  carry  their  point  by  strategy.  It  should  be  stated 
here  that  Dr.  Flint,  at  this  time,  was  in  delicate  and  declining- 
health. 

He  had  sustained  severe  bodily  injuries  by  being 
violently  thrown  from  a  wagon,  and  was  unable  to  preach 
much,  or  to  go  abroad  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties.  Taking 
advantage  of  this  fact,  the  Committee  arranged  to  put  Rev. 
Mr.  Carrique,  a  Universalist  minister,  into  the  pulpit  on 
a  Sunday  evening.  The  project  became  known,  and  the 
sanctuary  was  filled  at  an  early  hour,  and  a  scandalous  scene 
occurred.  The  choir  (in  which  were  several  persons  with 
whom  the  writer  has  conversed  about  the  matter)  did  what 
they  could  to  hinder  the  outrage.  They  sang  on,  tuning 
up  with  ever  new  ardor,  as  if  they  would  "occupy  the  whole 
time,"  until  they  were  finally  silenced  by  authority.  The 
following  account  of  what  then  and  there  happened  was 
written  down  the  same  evening  by  an  eye-witness  of  the 
proceedings,  and  whose  name  is  a  sufficient  guarantee  of  the 
trustworthiness  of  his  statement :  — 

"Rev.  Mr.  Carrique,  a  Univer.'^alist  preacher,  came  into  tlie  house 
before  the  bell  rung,  accompanied  by  Dr.  Wells  and  Elisha  Shepard,  and 
Mr.  C.  went  into  the  pulpit.  The  house  was  well  filled.  There  had 
been  a  meeting  appointed  by  Dr.  Flint  ;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Smith  had  been 
invited  to  preach  by  Dr.  Flint,  who  was  absent  ;  the  choir  had  been  sing- 
ing for  some  time.  Soon  after  the  bell  commenced  ringing  Mr.  Smith 
came  in  and  went  up  into  the  pulpit.  Dr.  Wells  followed  him  up.  After 
some  whispering  between  Dr.  Wells  and  Mr.  Smith,  he  got  up  and  stated 
to  the  people  that  he  had  come  there  to  preach,  that  he  was  a  stranger 
and  did  not  understand  the  difficulties  in  the  Society,  but  had  been 
requested  by  Dr.  Flint  to  preach  for  him  in  that  place,  and  he  should 
preach  unless  he  was  forbidden.  He  told  the  Committee  (Dr.  Wells  and 
Mr.  Shepard)  that  he  could  preach  in  the  chapel  or  out  of  doors,  if 
he  could  not  preach  there.  Dr.  Wells  then  arose  in  the  pulpit  and 
said  that  the  Society  ought  to  know  that  the  time  for  which  the  agree- 
ment was  made  with  Dr.  Flint,  that  he  might  use  the  house  Sabbath 
evening,  ended  in  March  ;  that  Dr.  Flint  had  been  informed  on  Saturday 
afternoon  that  a  large  number  of  the  Society  were  desirous  to  hear  Mr. 
Carrique  preach,  and  that  Dr.  Flint  had  notified  his  people  to  meet  here 
when   he   knew   that   Mr.    Carriqiie  was  to  preach  !      Rev.    Mr.   Smith 


J?n's.  Benjamin  Board  man  and  Abel  Flint  185 

then  said,  '  Do  you  forbid  my  preaching?'  '  No,'  said  Dr.  Wells,  '  I  did 
not  say  so.'  Mr.  Smith  replied,  '  then  I  will  preach  if  I  am  not  for- 
bidden '  lie  then  took  hold  of  the  Bible.  Dr.  Wells  then  said,  'We 
expect  Mr.  Carrique  to  preach.'  Mr.  Smith  then  said,  '  I  will  go  to 
the  chapel  and  preach  there,  as  I  cannot  preach  here.'  There  was 
now  great  commotion  in  the  house,  many  voices  calling  on  Mr.  Smith  to 
preach.  Mr.  Smith  said,  '  If  I  am  forbidden  to  preach  by  the  Committee, 
I  wish  them  to  say  so.'  Mr.  Shepard  said,  '  I  wish  you  would  not  preach, 
I  wish  you  would  go  away.' 

The  noise  and  confusion  were  very  much  increased,  and  Mr.  Smith 
soon  left  the  house,  the  people  following  him.  Dr.  Wells  then  called  for 
Squire  Niles,  and  he  came  into  a  pew  near  the  pulpit.  Dr.  Wells 
requested  Mr.  Carrique  to  begin  the  service.  He  began  by  reading 
a  Psalm,  and  then  there  was  so  much  noise  made  by  the  people  going 
out,  that  he  was  obliged  to  stop.  Dr.  Wells  then,  in  a  loud  voice, 
said  that  religious  services  had  commenced,  and  any  person  who  made  a 
disturbance  would  be  prosecuted  according  to  law  ;  Squire  Niles  had  the 
Statute  Book,  and,  if  necessary,  would  read  the  Riot  act.  Three-fourths 
of  the  people  then  went  to  the  chapel,  headed  by  the  good  old  Deacons 
Hempsted  and  Tileston. 

"  Thus  ended  the  attempt  of  the  Universalists  and  infidels  to  obtain 
possession  of  the  good  old  South  Church  and  its  fund.  After  this 
the  people  came  out  in  their  strength,  and  their  enemies  were  scattered. 

"  I  was  present,  and  wrote  the  preceding  account  at  the  time. 

''Signed  B.  Hudson,  Jr." 

Two  other  letters  bearing-  on  this  affair  were  preserved, 
but  are  not  sufficiently  important  to  quote  here.  I  have 
given  true  and  literal  copies  of  the  foregoing  documents. 
When  Mr.  Hudson's  account  was  first  published  by  me, 
in  1870,  it  was  fully  corroborated  by  several  persons  who 
were  witnesses  of  the  notorious  proceedings. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Society  held  in  the  Meeting  House, 
Sept.  22,  1822,  the  following  resolution  was  submitted  to 
the  meeting  by  Dr.  Sylvester  Wells  :  — 

"  Whereas  the  Inhabitants  of  this  Society  are  divided  in  their  religious 
opinions,  not  onlj'  as  to  matters  of  faith,  but  also  as  to  what  descrip- 
tion of  preaching  has  the  most  salutary  and  beneficial  influence  upon 
the  community,  whereby  a  portion  of  them  have  long  been  deprived 
of  equal  civil  and  religions  privileges  and  advantages  as  members 
of  said  Society,  wherefore, 


iS6  History  of  the  Church 

' '  Voted,  that  the  Committee  of  said  Society  be  and  they  are  hereby 
empowered  and  directed  to  open  the  Meeting  House  of  said  Society 
to  such  minister  or  ministers  of  the  Gospel,  sustaining-  a  fair  moral  char- 
acter, to  preach  therein,  as  they  may  think  expedient,  a  portion  of 
the  time,  not  exceeding  one-half  of  the  Sabbaths  from  this  period  to  the 
next  annual  meeting  of  the  Society,  provided  that  the  preaching  which 
may  be  authorized  or  permitted  by  virtue  of  this  vote  shall  not  subject 
the  Society  to  any  expense  or  charge  whatever,  &c. ,  &c." 

The  Society  Record  of  that  meeting  contains  this  clos- 
ing sentence  : 

"  After  a  short  discussion  on  the  above  vote,  the  question  was  taken, 
and  decided  in  the  negative  by  a  large  majority." 

In  a  letter  written  by  Mrs.  Ruth  Patten  (widow  of  the 
former  pastor,  and  then  eighty-four  years  of  age)  under  date 
May  30,  1823,  the  sequel  of  this  affair  is  indicated. 

"  Dr.  Flint  has  of  late  been  quite  an  invalid,  goes  out  but  Httle, 
appears  dejected  and  unhappy.  About  sixty  of  his  parishioners  have 
signed  off  to  join  the  Universalists,  who  are  building  a  splendid  church 
south  of  the  State  House.  Many  other  buildings  are  going  up  ;  much 
animation  expressed  on  every  subject  but  religion." 

In  November,  1823,  Dr.  Flint  sent  his  resignation  to  the 
Church  and  Society,  and  insisted  upon  immediate  action  for 
the  dissolution  of  his  pastoral  relation.  After  several  meet- 
ings, in  which  the  proposition  to  settle  a  colleague  with  him 
was  discussed,  it  was  at  length  decided,  on  his  earnest 
request,  to  grant  him  a  complete  dismission. 

The  numerous  letters  and  communications  that  were 
interchanged  between  him  and  his  people  on  this  occasion 
show  that  a  deep  and  cordial  respect  and  affection  were 
mutually  felt  by  them.  In  one  of  his  communications  Dr. 
Flint  stated  that  "  all  the  present  members  of  the  Church, 
with  one  exception  (the  venerable  Thomas  Seymour,  Esq.), 
have  been  admitted  during  my  ministry,  which  has  con- 
tinued nearly  thirty-three  years." 

An  ecclesiastical  council  was  convened,  Jan.  13,  1824, 
"  for  the  purpose  of  dissolving,  if  found  expedient,  the  pas- 


Jicvs.  Bciijaniiii  Boardinan  and  Abel  Flint  187 

toral  relation  of  the  Rev.  Abel  Flint,  D.D."  The  result 
of  this  council  was  that  the  said  pastoral  relation  "be,  and 
hereby  is  dissolved."  In  this  result  Dr.  Flint  was  com- 
mended with  great  cordiality  and  sympathy,  as  a  good  and 
faithful  and  able  servant  of  the  Master.  The  Church  sent 
him  tender  letters  of  sympathy  and  affection.  On  the  7th  of 
March,  1825,  Mr.  Flint  died,  in  the  household  of  Col.  Elijah 
Terry,  in  a  w^ooden  house  next  north  of  St.  Peter's  Church, 
and  his  funeral  sermon  was  preached  by  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas 
Robbins  of  East  Windsor.  He  was  buried  in  the  South 
Burying  Ground,  on  Maple  Avenue,  where  his  monument 
still  stands. 

That  his  ministry  here  was  a  laborious  and  fruitful  one 
cannot  be  doubted.  He  was  active  and  earnest  in  all  good 
works.  He  was  a  promoter  of  whatever  seemed  to  be 
conducive  to  the  public  welfare.  It  is  said  that  the  Institute 
Library  may  be  traced  back  to  his  zeal  in  providing  good 
reading  for  the  people  of  the  parish.  He  was  a  Christian 
gentleman  of  unusual  culture.  Dr.  Leonard  Bacon,  in  his 
address  at  the  two  hundredth  anniversary  of  this  Church, 
1870,  described  "the  majesty  of  Dr.  Flint"  in  his  prime, 
most  felicitously  :  — 

"The  first  time  I  spoke  to  the  majesty  of  Dr.  FHnt,  was  when  I 
went  to  his  house  to  be  examined  for  admission  to  the  Grammar 
School.  He  was  one  of  the  Trustees,  and  he  often  came  to  see  how 
the  school  was  going  on,  and  to  examine  us  in  our  Latin  or  Greek. 
The  boys  liked  to  see  him  come, —  we  liked  his  beaming  face  and  his 
sonorous  voice,  for  there  was  evident  kindness  under  his  impressive 
dignity." 

"  He  was  a  man  whom  nobody  could  meet  on  the  pavement  without 
taking  particular  notice  of  him.  To  see  him  marching  up  Main  Street, 
wath  his  ivory-headed  cane,  in  his  clerical  dress,  which  was  antique  even 
then,  would  gladden  the  eyes  of  a  modern  Ritualist.  I  remember  the 
black  coat  of  a  somewhat  Quakerish  cut,  the  black  japanescd  buttons,  the 
knee-buckles  and  shoe-buckles,  the  blue  coat,  too,  that  enveloped  his 
stately  form  in  colder  weather,  and  the  broad-brim  hat  on  the  short, 
snow-white  hair,  which,  by  contrast,  made  his  smoothly-shaven  face  seem 
more  florid.  He  was  a  man  of  more  culture  than  genius,  with  a  polished 
style  of  writing,  wdth  a  graceful  and  impressive  oratory,  and  with  a  per- 
fect observance  of  all  pulpit  proprieties." 


History  of  the  Church 


FAC-SIMILE    OF    ABEL   FLINT'S    RECEIPT. 

The  first  quarter  of  the  nineteenth  century  was  a  period 
in  which  Connecticut  experienced  great  distress  and  trial  by 
the  burdensome  war  of  1812,  and  was  greatly  agitated  by  po- 
litical contentions  involving  the  downfall  of  Federalism  and 
the  adoption  of  a  new  Constitution  which  established  com- 
plete religious  liberty.  But  it  was  a  period,  also,  of  enlarged 
Christian  activites,  of  awakening  literary  life,  of  social  devel- 
opment, and  of  commercial  expansion.  The  Great  River  was 
bridged.  Insurance  and  transportation  companies  were  or- 
ganized. The  Institution  for  the  care  and  instruction  of  the 
Deaf  and  Dumb  was  planted,  the  Female  Beneficent  Society 
was  organized,  and  children  were  gathered  into  Sunday- 
schools.  The  temperance  reformation  began  in  the  churches, 
or  with  the  ministers,  and  Rev.  Lyman  Beecher  brought  his 
great  powers  to  bear  for  its  successful  prosecution.  Fairfield 
Consociation,  in  18 12,  banished  intoxicating  liquors  from  its 
meetings,  and  this  first  example  of  the  sort  was  soon  com- 
mended and  adopted  in  other  similar  bodies.  Out  of  consid- 
eration for  brethren  scattered  in  the  borders  of  the  wilder- 
ness sprang  the  Connecticut  Missionary  Society,  and  as  those 
borders  were  pushed  westward  by  the  tide  of  emigration 
from  the  eastern  coast-strip,  the  missionaries  followed.  Bible 
societies  were  formed.    The  American  Board  of  Commission- 


Revs.  Benjamin  Board/nan  and  Abel  Flint  189 

ers  for  Foreign  Missions  was  organized  at  Farmington,  in 
1810,  and  local  auxiliary  societies  sprang  up  throughout  the 
State.  The  consciousness  of  wider,  yea,  of  world  relations, 
was  quickened  in  the  people.  They  began  to  realize  the 
fact  of  their  nationality,  and  the  boundless  extent  and  re- 
sources of  their  country.  With  the  feeling  of  independence 
came  the  consciousness  of  power  and  responsibility. 

The  complete  downfall  of  Federalism,  in  the  national 
election  of  1800  which  introduced  the  long  supremacy  of  Jef- 
fersonian  principles  in  the  government,  was  attended  with 
changes  which  affected  all  forms  and  departments  of  life,  and 
which,  a  few  years  later,  completely  reversed  the  relations  of 
political  parties  in  Connecticut,  the  very  citadel  of  Federal- 
ism and  conservatism.  This  was  more  than  the  defeat  of  a 
political  party  in  the  country  and  commonwealth.  It  was  a 
revolution,  logically  developed  out  of  the  principles  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  fostereci  by  sympathy  with 
the  French  Revolution,  and  carried  forward  irresistibly 
along  the  lines  of  political  equality,  universal  suffrage, 
and  popular  government.  Out  of  that  vehement  struggle 
came  that  which  is  distinctively  American  in  manners,  cus- 
toms, habits  of  thought,  freedom  of  speech  and  opinion,  and 
in  that  confidence  in  the  people  which  the  old  Federal  aris- 
tocracy, with  all  its  splendid  virtues,  lacked. 

To  show  how  this  political  revolution  was  finally  accom- 
plished in  Connecticut  in  181 7,  by  a  coalition  of  Episco- 
palians, Baptists,  Methodists,  and  other  denominations  with 
the  Republicans,  it  is  necessary  to  briefly  state  the  succes- 
sive steps  by  which  religious  liberty  had  been  partially 
attained. 

From  the  settlement  of  the  colony  down  to  1708,  all  the 
inhabitants  were  taxed  to  support  the  religious  societies  in 
their  respective  towns  or  plantations.  The  underlying 
theory,  never  abandoned,  but  more  or  less  modified  from 
time  to  time,  was  that  each  citizen  should  pay  a  tax,  levied 
and  collected  like  other  taxes,  for  the  support  of  religion. 


190  History  of  the  Church 

In  1708,  when  the  Congregational  Churches,  consociated 
according  to  the  Saybrook  platform,  were  legally  established 
by  an  act  of  the  General  Assembly,  a  Proviso,  popularly 
known  as  the  Toleration  act,  was  appended  to  the  act  of  es- 
tablishment, by  which  sober  dissenters  from  the  established 
order  were  permitted  to  organize  and  worship  according  to 
their  ow^n  way  and  consciences.  But  they  were  not  yet  ex- 
empted from  taxation  for  the  support  of  the  Congregational 
societies. 

In  1727,  an  act  was  passed  permitting  Episcopalians  to 
pay  their  taxes  for  the  support  of  religion  to  their  own  socie- 
ties, and  exempting  them  from  taxation  to  support  the  estab- 
lished churches.  In  1729,  a  similar  liberty  was  granted  to 
Baptists  and  Quakers.  To  enjoy  the  liberty  of  this  provision 
one  must  be  near  enough  to  some  organized  Episcopalian  or 
Baptist  Society  to  be  a  member  of  it,  and  to  attend  its  public 
worship,  and  strict  constructions  w^ere  put  upon  the  law,  so 
that  persons  living  at  some  distance  from  the  aforesaid  socie- 
ties were  excluded  from  the  benefit  of  the  law.  Moreover, 
for  people  living  in  places  where  there  was  no  other  than  the 
Congregational  Church,  the  law  gave  no  relief.  They  were 
taxed  for  the  Congregational  Church  in  their  towns  as 
before. 

In  1784,  by  a  revision  of  the  Statutes,  the  legal  establish- 
ment of  the  Congregational  churches  consociated  under  the 
Saybrook  Platform  was  repealed,  and  all  religious  societies 
were  alike  tolerated,  but  "  public  worship  was  still  presumed 
by  law  to  be  the  duty  of  every  citizen,  and  those  who  were 
not  enrolled  in  other  societies  were  treated  and  taxed  as 
members  of  the  Congregational  parishes."  A  further  relief 
was  granted  in  1791.  One  might  lodge  his  written  certifi- 
cate with  the  clerk  of  a  society  and  obtain  liberty  to  "  sign 
off "  from  further  responsibility  to  it.  But  still  there  re- 
mained several  irritating  facts.  The  theory  survived  and 
was  in  force  that  every  man  must  be  taxed  somewhere  for 
the  support  of  religion.  To  get  free  from  liability  to  Con- 
gregational churches  he  must  take  measures  that  were  con- 


J^evs.  Benjamin  Boardnian  and  Abel  Flint  191 

sidcred  by  many  to  be  annoying  and  humiliating.  Often, 
where  only  Congregational  societies  existed,  the  rates  were 
rigidly  enforced  upon  unwilling  and  indifferent  persons. 
Old  grudges  and  antipathies  were  cherished.  The  time  for 
independence  had  come.  The  control  of  the  government 
and  its  patronage  were  thought  to  be  in  the  hands  of  the 
"  standing  order."  Gradually  the  churches  other  than  Con- 
gregational were  drawn  in  sympathy  to  the  Jcffersonian  or 
Republican  party,  and  many  of  the  Congrcgationalists,  as 
well,  joined  the  new  coalition  for  Toleration. 

An  Episcopalian  was  elected  Lieutenant-Governor  in 
1 816,  and  in  the  ensuing  year  Oliver  Wolcott  was  nominated 
and  elected  Governor  by  the  motley,  but  powerful,  Tolera- 
tion Party.  A  majority  of  the  same  party  were  in  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly.  Rev.  Mr.  Croswell,  an  Episcopalian  clergy- 
man, preached  the  election  sermon  in  the  Center  Church,  and 
at  the  dinner  for  the  clergy,  the  venerable  Dr.  Perkins  of 
West  Hartford  made  a  pleasant  speech,  in  which  he  said,  "'  I 
little  thought,  when  I  catechised  the  children  at  the  South 
End,  that  Harry  Croswell  would  become  an  Episcopal  min- 
ister, and  preach  the  Election  Sermon!"  Following  this 
triumph  came  the  Convention  which  abolished  the  charter  of 
Charles  II,  and  framed  the  new  Constitution  of  181S,  by 
which  complete  religious  liberty  w^as  established,  and  the 
support  of  all  religious  societies  was  made  purely  voluntary. 
Men  were  at  liberty  to  associate  themselves  as  they  pleased, 
or  to  be  completely  independent  of  all  religious  societies  if 
they  preferred.  Many  good  men,  like  Dr.  Beecher,  regarded 
this  result  as  likely  to  be  disastrous,  and  deepl}^  lamented  it, 
but  the  experience  of  seventy  years  has  not  justified  their 
apprehensions. 

All  this  time,  the  manners  and  customs  and  habits  and 
dress  of  the  people  were  rapidly  changing.  A  "Jcffersonian 
plainness  "  supplanted  the  statelier  fashions  of  a  somewhat 
aristocratic  federalism,  or  drove  them  into  conservative  and 
clerical  corners.  The  town  meetings  in  the  Second  Church 
ceased  to  be  the  decorous  and  solemn  assemblies  of  old,  and 


192  History  of  tJie  Church 

took  on  electioneering  aspects  and  a  democratic  rudeness 
and  irreverence  which  caused  many  to  object  to  having 
houses  of  worship  used  for  such  purposes. 

"  At  the  period  of  my  earliest  recollections,"  writes  S.  G.  Goodrich, 
"  Men  of  all  classes  were  dressed  in  long  broad-tailed  coats,  with  huge 
pockets,  long  waistcoats,  and  breeches.  Hats  had  low  crowns,  with 
broad  brims.  The  stockings  of  the  parson,  and  a  few  others,  were  of 
silk  in  summer  and  worsted  in  winter  ;  those  of  the  people  were  gener- 
ally of  wool,  and  blue  and  gray  mixed.  Women  dressed  in  wide  bonnets 
—  sometimes  of  straw  and  sometimes  of  silk;  the  gowns  were  of  silk, 
muslin,  gingham,  &c. —  generally  close  and  short- waisted,  the  breast  and 
shoulders  being  covered  by  a  full  muslin  kerchief.  Girls  ornamented 
themselves  with  a  large  white  Vandyke.  " 

And  the  same  writer  says  of  the  old  "  age  of  polite- 
ness "  : 

"  For  some  reason  or  other,  it  seems  to  have  gone  down  with 
old  Hartford  Convention  Federalism.  The  change  in  manners  had 
no  doubt  been  silently  going  on  for  some  time  ;  but  it  was  not  distinctly 
visible  to  common  eyes  till  the  establishment  of  the  new  constitution. 
Powder  and  queues,  cocked  hats  and  broad-brims,  white-top  boots, 
breeches  and  shoe-buckles,  —  signs  and  symbols  of  a  generation,  a  few 
examples  of  which  still  lingered  among  us,  —  finally  departed  with  the 
charter  of  Charles  II.,  while  with  the  new  constitution  of  181S,  short  hair, 
pantaloons,  and  round  hats  with  narrow  brims,  became  the  established 
costume  of  men  of  all  classes."  ' 

This  period  was  the  early  spring-time  of  American  liter- 
ature. The  coterie  known  as  the  "Hartford  wits"  was 
famous  in  the  first  )^ears  of  it.  Trumbull's  collected  poems 
were  published  in  1820.  Mrs.  Sigourney  first  appeared  as  an 
author  of  prose  and  verse  in  1815.  S.  G.  Goodrich  (Peter 
Parley)  was  here  from  181 1  onward,  and  did  much  to  stimu- 
late  an   interest   in   literature.      Literary   clubs    flourished. 

1  A  daughter  of  Dr.  Flint,  Mrs.  Norton,  told  the  following  anecdote,  in  1870 :  Dur- 
ing the  war  of  1812  some  soldiers  were  in  the  South  Church  on  a  Lord's  Day,  and 
when  the  good  Doctor  announced  his  text,  "Pear  God,  honor  the  King,"  one  of  the 
soldiers,  more  patriotic  than  sober,  startled  the  congregation  by  rising  to  his 
feet  and  crying  out,  "Fear  God,  honor  the  President,  Sir.'"  He  was  quietly 
subdued,  but  Dr.  Flint's  gravity  was  sorely  tried,  albeit  he  was  not  ardent  in 
his  honor  of  the  President. 


J?c'rs.  Bcnjainin  Board  man  and  Abel  Flint  193 

Percival's  poems  were  published  in  182 1,  Drake's  Culprit  Fay 
in  18x9,  Bryant's  Thanatopsis  and  the  North  American  Review 
in  1817,  and  Cooper's  ^r  in  1821.  Irving's  Neiv  York  was 
printed  in  1809,  and  his  Sketch  Book  in  18 19.  The  Connecticut 
Mirror  had  three  successive  editors  of  unusual  literary  abil- 
ity, Theodore  Dwi^ht,  Colonel  Stone,  and  John  C.  Brainard. 
The  Hartford  Times  was  established  under  able  editorial 
management.  Irving,  Cooper,  Bryant,  Halleck,  Paulding, 
Drake,  Brainard,  Hillhouse,  Percival,  Everett,  and  others 
were  arising  to  answer  Sydney  Smith's  question,  "  Who 
reads  an  American  book?"  The  famous  law-school  in 
Litchfield,  where  many  distinguished  men  pursued  their 
legal  studies,  may  be  mentioned.  Calhoun,  Clay,  and  Web- 
ster were  coming  to  the  front  rank  in  national  politics.  This 
literary  revival  was  powerfully  stimulated  by  the  new  school 
of  English  writers,  whose  works  were  eagerly  and  widely 
read.  Cowper  had  supplanted  or  supplemented  Dr.  Watts. 
Burns'  poems  were  read  with  avidity,  despite  their  dashes  of 
naughtiness.  Campbell's  Pleasures  of  Hope  and  Roger's 
Pleasures  of  Alemory  were  everywhere  popular.  Byron  was 
denounced  by  the  godly,  but  his  poems  spread  like  wildfire, 
and  a  Bj^'onic  rage  prevailed,  not  altogether  wholesome. 
Dr.  Lyman  Beecher  admired  his  genius,  and  thought  he 
could  have  converted  the  erratic  poet,  had  opportunity 
been  afforded.  Each  number  of  the  Edinburgh  Revieu'  was 
eagerly  awaited,  and,  notwithstanding  Jeffrey's  trenchant 
criticisms,  Wordsworth,  Southey,  Coleridge,  and  others  of  that 
school  found  grateful  readers.  Jane  Porter's  Thaddeus  of 
Warsaiv  and  Scottish  Chiefs,  Hannah  More's  mild  composi- 
tions, and  Miss  Edgeworth's  tales  were  everywhere  perused. 
But  Walter  Scott's  cheery,  hearty,  noble  bugle-blasts  were 
the  great  awakening  notes  of  the  time.  The  splendid  poems 
with  which  he  delighted  and  enkindled  all  hearts  here  were 
speedily  followed  by  the  bewitching  romances,  culminating 
in  Jvanhoe,  which  enchanted  multitudes  of  young  and  old. 
The  era  of  splendid  fiction  had  come.  No  complete  history 
of  any  church  in  New  England  at  that  time  can  omit 
^3 


194 


History  of  the  Church 


to  notice,  if  it  cannot  fully  trace  and  estimate,  the  influence 
of  such  a  literary  revival  and  culture. 

The  improvement  in  music  was  also  considerable. 
The  choir  of  the  First  Church,  in  1818,  when  Dr.  Hawes 
came  hither,  was  regarded  as  one  of  unusual  excellence,  and 
its  performances,  on  special  occasions,  were  eagerly  at- 
tended. At  Christ  Church,  in  181 6,  a  concert  was  given  con- 
sisting of  selections  from  the  Messiah.  Oratorios  of  a  mod- 
erate sort  were  given  by  the  Jubal  Society.  In  1822  the 
following  advertisement  appeared  :  — 


SELECT   ORATORIO. 

The  Choir  under  the  instruction  of  Mr.  ALVAH  HATHAWAY  will 
perform  the  following  select  pieces  of  Music,  in  the  South  Church  in 
this  City,  on  Wednesday  evenmg,  the  15th  inst. 

PART    FIRST. 

1.  Anthem.     O  praise  the  Lord.  Handel. 

2.  Hymn.     Jesus  lover  of  my  soul.  Madan. 

3.  Do.     Hence  from  my  soul.  Wyvil. 

4.  Anthem.     Hark,  the  Herald  Angels  sing.  Ar field. 

5.  Duet. 

6.  Anthem.     Behold  the  blind  their  sight  receive.  Peck. 

7.  Do.     By  the  rivers  of  Babylon.  Ashiuorth. 

8.  Do.     I  beheld,  and  lo,  a  great  multitude.  Arnold. 

9.  Duet. 

10.     Hymn.     Old  Hundred. 

PART   SECOND. 

1.  Anthem.     As  Israel's  people  in  despair.  Stevens. 

2.  Ode.     Grateful  notes  and  numbers  bring.  Madan. 

3.  Duet. 

4.  Anthem.     Strike  the  Cymbal.  Piiciita. 

5.  Do.  Shepherds  rejoice  and  send  your  fears  away.  Leach. 

6.  Do.  O  come  let  us  sing  unto  the  Lord.  Chappie. 

7.  Do.  Lord  of  all  power  and  might.  Mason. 

8.  Do.  Hosanna,  blessed  is  he  that  comes.        Rev.  C .  Gregory. 

Doors  open  at  6  o'clock. — Services  to  commence  at  half  past  6. — 
Tickets  25  cents  —  Children  half  price,  to  be  had  at  the  office  of  the 
Religious  Inquirer,  at  A.  Hatch's  Lottery  Office,  and  of  Mr.  Connor, 
State-street. — Also  at  the  door  of  the  Church. 


Revs.  Benjamin  Board  man  and  Abel  Flint  195 

In  Hartford  the  old  fuguing  style  and  tlie  Billings 
school  of  composition  had  given  way  to  English  tunes  and 
anthems  of  a  nobler  kind.  Organs  were  introduced  in 
churches,  musical  societies  of  a  superior  sort  were  formed, 
and  excellent  collections  of  church  music  were  published, 
among  which  was  Lowell  Mason's  Boston  Handel  and  Haydn 
Society s  Collection  of  Church  Music,  in  182 1.  The  great  work 
of  musical  education  accomplished  by  Mr.  Mason  dates  from 
the  year  1827,  when  he  removed  to  Boston  and  took  "gen- 
eral charge  of  music  in  the  churches  there." 

From  the  aforementioned  Recollections  of  a  Lifetime,  by 
S.  G.  Goodrich,  the  following  description  of  Hartford  in  181 1 
is  taken  ; 

"  Hartford  was  then  a  small  commercial  town  of  four  thousand  in- 
habitants, dealing  in  lumber,  and  smelling  of  molasses  and  old  Jamaica, 
for  it  had  still  some  trade  with  the  West  Indies.  There  was  a  high  tone 
of  general  intelligence  and  social  respectability  about  the  place  ;  but  it 
had  not  a  single  institution,  a  single  monument  that  marked  it  as  even  a 
provincial  metropolis  of  taste  in  literature,  art,  or  refinement.  Though 
the  semi-capital  of  the  State,  it  was  strongly  impressed  with  a  plodding, 
mercantile,  and  mechanical  character." 

And  yet,  when  Dr.  Hawes  came  to  Hartford,  in  181 8, 
after  preaching  in  the  First  Church,  he  wrote  that  he  had 
"never  preached  to  such  a  congregation  before.  The  one  in 
Park  Street  (Boston)  is  inferior  in  respect  to  numbsr,  charac- 
ter, elegance,  and,  I  believe,  in  every  other  respect." 

Thirty-five  years  later  he  said,  concerning  that  first  Sab- 
bath here  : 

"  I  shall  never  forget  the  impression  made  on  my  mind  when  I  first 
passed  up  the  broad  aisle  to  enter  this  pulpit.  I  seemed  to  be  in  the 
midst  of  an  assembly  of  Roman  senators,  so  thickly  scattered  in  every 
part  of  the  house  were  the  grave  and  reverend  men  to  whom  I  have  re- 
ferred. Their  heads,  hoary  with  age  and  with  honor,  and  their  upturned 
countenances,  so  intelligent,  so  dignified,  so  devout,  so  thoughtful,  filled 
me  with  awe  as  I  beheld  them." 

With  such  pleasant  testimony  this  chapter  may  end. 


CHAPTER    VII 

DR.  JOEL  HARVEY  LINSLEY,  REV.  CORNELIUS  C.  VANARS- 

DALEN,  DR.  OLIVER  ELLSWORTH  DAGGETT, 

DR.    WALTER   CLARKE,   1824-1S60 

Among  the  several  ministers  who  had  been  employed  to 
preach  in  the  Second  Church  during  the  closing  year  of  Dr. 
Flint's  ministry,  was  Rev.  Joel  H.  Linsley,  whose  ministra- 
tions proved  so  satisfactory  to  the  congregation,  that  the  So- 
ciety proceeded,  without  delay,  to  invite  him  to  become  their 
pastor.  Dr.  Flint  was  dismissed  January  13,  1824,  and  at  a 
meeting  of  the  Society  held  on  the  21st,  it  w^as  voted  to  ex- 
tend a  call  to  Mr.  Linsley,  and  to  offer  him  a  salary  of  eight 
hundred  dollars  and  the  use  of  the  parsonage  and  garden 
connected  therewith.  This  prompt  action  was  in  accordance 
with  Dr.  Flint's  wishes  and  recommendation,  and  he  was 
present  at  the  Society's  meeting,  and  received  thanks  for 
his  services. 

On  the  26th  of  January,  the  Church  held  a  meeting  and 
voted  unanimously  to  extend  a  call  to  Mr.  Linsley,  whose 
iabors  they  had,  for  some  time  past,  enjoyed.'  To  these  invi- 
tations Mr.  Linsley  replied  in  brief  letters  of  acceptance,  and 
the  Committees  of  the  Church  and  Society  made  arrange- 
ments for  his  ordination.  An  Ecclesiastical  Council  was 
called  for  that  purpose,  which  convened  at  the  house  of  Dr. 
Flint,  on  the  24th  of  February,  1824.      The  First  Church  in 

'Among  papers  recently  discovered,  was  one  of  which  the  following  is  a  copy. 
It  bears  no  date,  and  whether  it  was  ever  adopted  by  the  Society  is  uncertain: 
"  Voted,  That  should  Mr.  Joel  H.  Linsley  accept  the  call  of  this  Society  as  this  day 
made,  to  settle  with  them,  it  is  understood  as  a  part  of  the  contract  proposed,  that 
whenever  two-thirds  of  the  legal  voters  of  said  Society,  at  any  legal  meeting,  shall 
resolve  that  it  would  be  best  for  the  interests  of  said  Society  to  dissolve  said  con- 
tract, that  their  relation  as  pastor  and  people  shall  cease." 

The  paper  seems  to  be  in  the  handwriting  of  Henry  Seymour. 

(196) 


JOEL  HARVEY   LINSLEY 


Linsley —  Vanarsdalcn — Daggett — Clark  197 

Hartford,  and  the  Churches  in  West  Hertford,  Windsor, 
Rocky  Hill,  Wethersfield,  Newington,  Glastonbury,  and  East 
Windsor  were  represented  by  their  pastors  and  messengers. 
Dr.  Flint  was  chosen  Moderator,  and  the  business  of  the 
Council  was  then  transacted. 

After  a  full  examination  of  documents  and  candidate,  it 
was  voted  to  approve  and  ordain  Mr.  Linsley.  One  or  two 
things  in  the  record  of  the  Council  are  significant.  One  is 
found  in  the  following  clause:  "After  a  full  examination  of 
Mr.  Linsley  as  to  his  motives  in  desiring  the  office  of  a  Bishops 

Another  is  found  in  the  fact  that  Mr.  Linsley  gave  his 
"  qualified  assent  to  the  Heads  of  Agreement  adopted  for 
the  regulation  and  government  of  the  churches  in  this  State." 

The  ordination  services  were  held  at  eleven  o'clock  a.m. 
on  the  25th  of  February,  1824,  Prof.  Fitch  of  New  Haven 
preaching  the  sermon,  and  Rev.  Joel  Hawes  giving  the  right 
hand  of  fellov/ship. 

Rev.  Joel  Harvey  Linsley,  D.D.,  was  born  in  Cornwall, 
Vt.,  July  15,  1790.  His  father  was  Hon.  Joel  Linsley,  who 
went  from  Woodbury,  Conn.,  to  Cornwall  in  1775,  was  Town 
Clerk  from  the  organization  of  the  town  until  his  death,  rep- 
resented the  town  for  several  years  in  the  State  legislature, 
and  was  Chief  Judge  of  the  County  Court.  Joel  Harvey  was 
the  fourth  of  eight  children,  and  one  of  his  brothers,  Charles 
Linsley,  Esq.,  was  a  lawyer  in  Vermont.  He  fitted  for  col- 
lege tmder  Rev.  Jedediah  Bushnell,  pastor  of  the  Church  at 
Cornwall,  and  at  Addison  County  Grammar  School,  was 
graduated  at  Middlebury  College  in  181 1,  taught  one  year  in 
Windsor,  studied  law  at  Vergennes  with  David  Edmond,  Esq., 
was  two  years  tutor  at  Middlebury,  completed  his  legal 
studies,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1815,  and  practised  the 
legal  profession  until  1821.  About  that  time  he  felt  con- 
strained to  enter  the  ministry,  and  studied  theology  at  Mid- 
dlebury and  Andover.  Having  spent  a  year  in  Missionary 
work  in  South  Carolina,  he  came  to  Hartford,  and  was  pastor 
here  for  eight  years,  when  he  was  dismissed,  and  became  pas- 
tor of  the  Park   Street  Church  in  Boston  in   1832.     In  1835, 


198  History  of  the  Church 

he  was  chosen  president  of  Marietta  College,  Ohio.  In  1846, 
he  became  pastor  of  the  Congregational  Church  at  Green- 
wich, Conn.,  and  continued  there  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  on  Sabbath  morning,  March  22,  1868. 

One  of  the  earliest  minutes  in  the  Church  records  of 
1824,  is  that  concerning  a  letter  from  the  "  North  Church  and 
Society  "  in  Hartford,  requesting  that  the  Pastor  and  a  dele- 
gate of  this  Church  "  be  present  to  assist  in  the  ordination  of 
Mr.  Carlos  Wilcox'  over  said  Church  and  Society."  The 
North  Church  (now  Park  Church)  had  been  organized  in 
September,  chiefly  of  members  of  the  First  Church,  and  their 
first  minister  was  ordained  November  30,  1824.  Mrs.  Ruth 
Patten,  writing  from  Hartford  about  this  time,  said  : 

' '  The  new  Congregation  (North  Church)  appears  like  a  new  married 
couple.  Their  house  is  perfectly  neat,  aisles  carpeted,  no  gallery  except 
a  small  one  above  the  pulpit  for  singers,  and  just  such  a  minister  as  they 
want." 

She  also  said: 

"  I  think  at  the  South  (Church)  they  have  a   proper   man   for   them. 
Having  gained  considerable  knowledge  of  human  nature 
connected  with  strength  of  nerves,  he  appears  peculiarly  calculated  for 
their  minister." 

This  remark  of  the  venerable  widow  of  a  former  pastor 
of  the  vSecond  Church  may  seem  somewhat  tinged  with  per- 
sonal prejudice,  but  it  unquestionably  reflects  the  real  state 
of  things  in  the  South  Parish  at  that  time.  The  trouble  with 
the  Universalists,  in  1822,  had  somewhat  shadowed  it,  and 
for  various  reasons  it  was  in  general  disfavor.  There  were 
noble  men  and  women  in  the  Church,  but  they  were  com- 
paratively few.  There  were  discordant  elements  in  the 
Society,  and  petty  jealousies  and  rivalries  of   a   rustic  and 

1  Mr.  Wilcox,  who  had  preached  some  time  for  Dr.  Flint,  remained  in  the  North 
Church  less  than  two  years,  and  died  in  1827.  He  was  of  frail  health,  but  of  singu- 
larly engaging  qualities,  and  an  eloquent  preacher.  A  volume  of  his  sermons,  with 
some  p)oems,  was  published  here  in  1828.  A  sketch  of  his  life  is  given  in  Sprague's 
Annals,  second  volume. 


Linsley —  Vanarsdalcn — Daggett — Clark  1 99 

obstinate  sort.  The  writer  has  been  told  by  those  who  were 
members  of  the  Church  from  1820  onward,  that  "petticoat  ''\ 
infhience  "  was  banefully  strong  then  in  the  Parish.  What- 
ever that  may  mean,  it  has  a  sinister  sound.  Perhaps  the 
Society  was  never  in  a  lower  condition,  socially,  than  when 
Mr.  Linsley  vainly  strove  to  harmonize  and  elevate  it. 
The  rural  element  in  it  was  predominant. 

In  1824  the  Church  voted  that  "the  choir  of  singers 
be  allowed  to  hold  a  meeting  for  singing  in  the  South 
Chapel  on  Sabbath  evenings  after  religious  services  are 
over."  That  same  year  Mr.  Linsley  undertook  to  inaugu- 
rate a  system  of  "  Gospel  discipline "  in  the  Church,  and 
almost  immediately  thereafter,  sundry  persons  were  brought  ^ 
into  discipline  and  solemnly  excommunicated.  Doubtless 
the  persons  thus  dealt  with  deserved  their  sentences,  and 
the  whole  process  seems  to  have  been  regularly  and  faith- 
fully carried  on,  but  whether  the  course  thus  taken  was  dis- 
creet is  open  to  doubt.  It  certainly  increased  the  good 
pastor's  difficulties. 

In  1825  the  Church  was  invited  to  attend,  by  pastor  and 
delegate,  a  council  in  New  Haven  for  the  purpose  of  ordain- 
ing the  Rev.  Leonard  Bacon  as  Pastor  of  the  First  Church 
in  that  city. 

In  1827  the  Church  voted  to  "purchase  a  flagon,  a 
baptismal  font,  and  four  new  cups,  to  be  paid  for  out  of  the 
proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  chapel."  As  will  be  seen,  a  new 
meeting-house  had  been  built,  with  chapel  accommodations, 
and  there  was  no  longer  any  need  of  the  chapel  on  Bucking- 
ham Street.  What  became  of  that  building  is  unknown. 
The  proceeds  of  its  sale  were  probably  not  much  more  than 
was  required  to  pay  for  the  flagon,  font,  and  cups. 

^\n  1827  there  were  six  Sunday-schools  in  the  city,  and 
that  of  the  North  Church  was  the  largest,  numbering  two 
hundred  scholars  and  forty  teachers.  The  South  Church 
school  was  next  in  numbers,  having  one  hundred  and  fifty 
scholars  and  forty-one  teachers.  In  all  the  schools  there 
were  sev^en  hundred  and  fifty  scholars  and  one  hundred  and 


200  m story  of  tJie  Church 

ninety    teachers.      (Memorandum   by    Dr.    Linsley    in    Ch. 
Records.) 

In  1824  the  Society  voted  that  henceforth  warnings 
of  its  meetings  published  in  one  or  more  of  the  city  news- 
papers should  be  considered  as  legal.  It  was  also  voted 
to  reserve  a  certain  number  of  pews  in  the  meeting-house^ 
for  the  use  of  such  persons  as  the  Committee  think  best 
to  seat  therein,  and  to  sell  the  residue  at  auction  to  the  high- 
est bidder,  on  a  specified  day. 

It  was  also  voted  that  "this  Society  will  not  consent 
to  the  Town  of  Hartford  holding  their  meetings  in  the  2d 
Ecclesiastical  Society's  House  of  Worship,  after  this  date 
(April  10)."  It  was  also  voted  "to  allow  five  per  cent,  to  all 
purchasers  of  pews  if  they  make  payment  to  the  Treasurer 
within  thirty  days  from  the  date  of  said  sales." 

It  has  been  already  remarked  that  the  meeting-house  of 
the  Society  was  in  bad  condition,  and  that  its  removal  had 
been  more  or  less  earnestly  advocated.  It  was  in  the  high- 
way, and  was  regarded  as  an  obstruction  to  the  increasing 
travel  and  traffic  of  the  cit}'.  The  time  had  come  for  a  new 
house  of  worship,  and  in  January,  1825,  at  a  Society  meeting, 
two-thirds  of  the  members  thereof  being  present,  it  was 
unanimously  voted  "to  build  a  new  Meeting  Hou§e  and 
to  establish  a  place  where  it  shall  be  erected." 

The  place  fixed  upon  was  "  a  certain  piece  of  land  front- 
ing east  on  Main  Street  and  north  on  Buckingham  Street, 
and  bounded  south  on  Daniel  Wadsworth's  land,  and  west 
on  Ward  and  Bartholomew's  land,"  —  the  site  of  the  present 
house  of  worship.  The  old  way  of  making  out  a  rate-bill 
and  assessing  each  member  of  the  parish  his  proportion 
of  the  sum  required,  and  so  paying  for  the  meeting- 
house, was  no  longer  practicable.  Nor  was  it  possible 
to  raise  the  money  requisite  for  such  a  building  by  voluntary 
subscription.  But  it  was  possible  to  induce  the  people  who 
could  not  or  would  not  give  the  needed  money,  to  lend  it  to 
the  Society,  especially  as  they  were  promised  six  per  cent, 
interest  on  their  loans.     Accordingly,  with  much  verbiage  of 


Linslcy —  Vanarsdalcn — Daggett —  Clark  201 

a  leg-al  sort  that  need  not  be  quoted,  the  Society  authorized 
and  directed  their  committee  to  issue  certificates  of  stock 
to  the  amount  of  $12,000  to  defray  the  expense  of  purchas- 
ing a  site  and  erecting  a  meeting-house,  and  appointed 
Chauncey  Barnard,  Charles  Butler,  and  Henry  Kilbourn 
a  committee  to  build  the  meeting-house,  to  make  all  neces- 
sary contracts,  carry  them  into  execution,  settle  them  and 
all  demands  of  building,  and  to  draw  orders  on  the  treas- 
urer for  the  payment  of  all  such  expenses,  and  generally 
to  do  all  such  lawful  acts  as  might  be  necessary  to  carry  into 
effect  the  main  purpose  of  erecting  a  house  of  worship. 

This  building  committee  was  also  authorized  "to  sell 
and  dispose  of  the  present  Meeting- House  belonging  to 
the  Society  .  .  .  and  apply  the  avails  thereof  towards 
paying  the  necessary  expenses  of  building  the  Meeting- 
House  to  be  elected  according  to  the  foregoing  votes." 

After  much  consultation  with  architects  and  study  of 
plans,  a  contract  was  made  with  Col.  William  Hay  den  for 
the  entire  work  of  constructing  the  meeting-house,  and  for 
the  specified  work  he  was  to  receive  in  payment  the  sum  of 
$13,000  and  the  old  meeting-house.  Col.  Hayden  entered  at 
once  and  vigorously  upon  the  work. 

As  the  work  went  on  many  alterations,  involving  addi- 
tional expenses,  were  deemed  necessary,  and  the  Society,  in 
1828,  authorized  the  issue  of  stock  certificates  for  the  further 
sum  of  $11,000,  making  the  total  sum  for  which  such  certifi- 
cates were  issued,  for  the  purpose  of  paying  for  the  sanctu- 
ary, $23,000.  But  this  estimate  included  the  price  of  an 
organ,  which  was  ordered  by  vote  of  the  Society,  at  a  cost 
of  $3,000. 

That  same  year  the  Society  formally  released  to  the 
city  of  Hartford  all  its  right,  title,  and  interest  to  the  land 
on  which  the  old  meeting-house  had  stood,  in  consideration 
that  the  city  should  convey  to  the  Society  a  certain  piece  of 
land  belonging  to  said  city,  on  which  the  meeting-house 
now  stands,  "commencing  16  feet  from  the  North  East  cor- 
ner of  said  Meeting  House  and  running  west  to  the  land  of 


202  History  of  the  Church 

Ward  and  Bartholomew,  the  same  width  parallel  with  said 
house." 

Buckingham  vStreet  originally  joined  Main  Street  by  a 
a  southerly  curve.  The  Society  exchanged  its  land  in  the  old 
highway,  where  its  old  house  had  stood,  for  a  strip  of  the 
city  street  north  of  its  present  house  ;  and  thus  Buckingham 
vStreet  was  made  to  intersect  Main  Street  at  a  right  angle.' 
So  the  old  wooden  meeting-house,  completed  in  1754,  dis- 
appeared in  1827. 

In  1826  the  sum  of  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  dol- 
lars was  appropriated  for  mu-sic,  and  the  same  year  the 
^  South  Singing  vSociety  was  organized,  of  which  the  Ecclesi- 
astical Society  expressed  its  cordial  approval. 

Mention  has  been  made  of  the  sale  of  the  old  chapel  on 
Buckingham    Street,   which    belonged    to   the  Church.      In 

1826,  while  the  new  sanctuary  was  building,  the  Society 
graciously  leased  to  the  Church  "  the  west  room  in  the  base- 
ment story  of  the  new  Meeting  House  "  for  a  merely  nomi- 
nal rent,  on  condition  that  the  Church  should  "  finish 
off  said  room  fit  for  occupation  in  three  years,"  and  that 
the  room  should  be  used  only  for  religious  meetings, 
and  that  the  Church  should  keep  the  room  in  repair. 
The  Church  did  "  finish  off "  this  basement  room,  and 
for  many  years  used  it  as  a  chapel.  The  signs  of  such 
a  chapel  are  still  to  be  traced  there,  but,  with  defective 
drainage,  that  basement  chapel  must  have  been  a  miserable 
place  for  church  meetings.  It  was  low,  damp,  dark,  and  ill- 
ventilated,  and  must  have  been  unwholesome. 

The  meeting-house  thus  begun  in  1825  was  completed 
early  in   1827,  for  it  was  dedicated  on  Wednesday,  April  ir, 

1827,  probably  in  the  afternoon.     'Y:\iQ.  Cou rant  oi  April   i6th 

says  : 

"  The  new  Meeting  House  lately  erected  by  the  South  Ecclesiastical 
Society  was  dedicated  on  Wednesday  last.  The  introductory  prayer  was 
made  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Perkins.     The  Rev.  Mr.  Linsley,  Pastor,  preached 

1  The  map  or  sketch  of  the  Buckingham  property  given  to  the  Society,  page 
127,  will  show  how  the  land  lay  previous  to  this  change. 


Lin  sky —  Vanarsdalen —  Daggett —  Clark  203 

the  Sermon  from  Gen.  28:  17,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hawesmade  the  conchid- 
ing  prayer.  All  the  services  on  the  occasion  were  highly  a])propriate  and. 
interesting.  The  Building  itself  is  finished  in  elegant  style,  and  the 
Society  deserves  credit  for  the  laudable  spirit  and  enterprise  manifested 
in  its  erection." 


All  this  is  doubtless  trtie,  but  it  may  not  be  ungracious 
to  add  here  that  the  credit  for  paying  for  the  meeting-house 
belongs  to  a  later  generation. 

The  sermon  preached  by  Dr.  Linsley  on  that  occasion  is 
in  the  archives  of  the  Society,  and  is  in  all  respects  an  ex- 
cellent discourse.  At  a  fitting  moment,  during  his  sermon, 
the  Pastor  paused,  and  invited  the  congregation  to  rise  and 
unite  with  him  in  a  solemn  act  of  consecration.  The  con- 
gregation arose  and  reverently  stood  while  Dr.  Lin.sley 
offered  a  fervent  prayer,  from  which  the  following  dedica- 
tory sentences  are  quoted  : 

"  To  Thee,  the  only  living  and  true  God,  the  Father,  the  Son,  and 
the  Holy  Ghost,  we  dedicate  this  pulpit  for  the  preaching  of  Thy  word  — 
for  the  promulgation  of  Thy  pure  and  holy  gospel.  To  Thee  we  dedi- 
cate this  altar,  to  bear  the  sacred  vessels  of  the  sanctuary,  the  water  of 
baptism,  and  the  symbols  of  a  Saviour's  dying  love.  ToThee'^s^e  dedi- 
cate these  seats,  these  walls  and  gates,  with  all  that  pertains  to  this 
sacred  edifice,  for  the  performance  of  Thy  worship,  for  the  sanctification 
and  improvement  of  Thy  Sabbaths,  for  the  advancement  of  Thy  glory 
and  the  salvation  of  redeemed  sinners." 

The  following  notice  appeared  in  the  Courant  of  April 
9,  1827  : 

"  A  CONCERT  OF  SACRED  MUSIC 

will  be  given  on  Wednesday,  nth  April,  the  evening  of  the  dedication  of 
the  New  South  Meeting  House  in  Hartford.  Tickets,  twenty-five  cents 
—  and  may  be  had  at  the  bookstores  of  Goodwin  &  Co. ;  P.  B.  Gleason  & 
Co.;  H.  Huntington  Jr,  and  D.  F.  Robinson  &  Co.  Exercises  to  com- 
mence precisely  at  seven  o'clock.'' 

Only  a  little  later  the  North  Singing  Society  gave  an 
oratorio  concert  in  the  North  Church,  and  similar  concerts 
were  frequently  given  in  the  First  Church. 


204  History  of  tJie  Church 

From  the  report  of  the  Building  Committee  it  appears 
that  about  one  thousand  dollars  were  expended  in  furnish- 
ing the  house  with  stoves,  cushions,  desk,  sofa,  lamps, 
table,  and  chairs.  The  committee  had,  as  has  been  sug- 
gested, exceeded  the  first  estimates  and  provisions  by 
about  eight  thousand  dollars,  and  the  organ  had  cost 
three  thousand  dollars  more,  but  no  one  seems  to 
have  complained.  The  committee  reported  that  the  sales 
of  pews  or  "slips"  the  last  year  were  fully  adequate 
to  pay  the  interest  on  the  whole  amount  of  indebted- 
ness, and  to  leave  a  surplus  of  six  hundred  dollars,  although 
only  three-fourths  of  the  slips  had  been  sold.  And  they 
were  pleased  to  think  that,  with  the  same  success  from  year 
to  year,  in  twenty  years  the  house  would  pay  for  itself,  over 
and  above  the  interest.  This  hopeful  view  was  not,  how- 
ever, justified  by  subsequent  events.' 

On  the  6th  of  April,  1830,  Dr.  Linsley  addressed  a  letter 
to  the  Committee  of  the  Parish,  requesting  them  to  call  a 
special  Parish  meeting,  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  and  act- 
ing upon  a  communication  which  he  would  make  to  that 
meeting.  The  meeting  was  duly  called,  and  the  written 
communication  which  Dr.  Linsley  then  and  there  made  to 
the  members  of  the  Parish,  dated  May  i,  1830,  is  now  before 
me.  It  is  a  long  document,  in  which  the  writer  discloses, 
with  almost  too  great  frankness,  the  story  of  his  financial 
embarrassments,  and  of  his  ineffectual  endeavors  to  live 
within  the  limits  of  his  salary.  It  is  evident  that  he  had 
been  charged  with  extravagance,  for  he  rebuts  this  accusa- 
tion in  words  that  show  how  keenly  he  felt  its  injustice. 
Several  facts  of  interest  are  mentioned.  He  had  left  a 
lucrative  legal  business  to  enter  the  ministry.  He  had  been 
obliged  to  draw  upon  a  little  property  acquired  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law  to  eke  out  his  annual  expenses  as  a  minister. 
The  rent  of  the  parsonage  consumed  one-fifth  of  his  salary. 

'  Tlie  pulpit  originally  built  in  this  meeting-house  survives,  in  part,  in  the  Sun- 
day-school room.  The  mahogany  sofa  that  was  placed  in  the  pulpit  at  first  has  re- 
cently been  discovered  and  rehabilitated,  and  is  in  the  writer's  possession. 


Linsley —  Vanarsdalcn — Daggett — Clark  205 

His  expenses  for  fuel  were  upwards  of  one  hundred  dollars, 
wood  then  being  two  and  a  half  dollars  a  cord.  He  says 
that,  having  lived  awhile  in  Dr.  Flint's  family,  he  knows  that 
Dr.  Flint  was  obliged  to  engage  in  teaching  and  in  literary 
work  in  order  to  meet  his  current  expenses.  It  is  a  pathetic 
document.  "  Irretrievable  embarrassments  are  the  price  I 
must  pay  for  continuing  as  I  am,  much  longer." 

But  meanwhile  the  financial  embarrassments  of  the  So- 
ciety were  becoming  serious.  Several  persons  withdrew 
from  the  Society  and  went  elsewhere  to  worship.  Pew  rents 
were  not  paid,  and  the  revenue  was  decreasing.  The  meet- 
ing-house was  clearly  not  paying  for  itself. 

The  crisis  came  in  1832. 

It  was  proposed  to  lay  a  tax  of  five  cents  on  a  dollar  on 
the  polls  and  rateable  estate  of  all  members  of  the  Society, 
but  this  old-fashioned  and  heroic  treatment  was  declined  and 
rejected.  Then  it  was  proposed  to  sell  the  pews  outright, 
but  this  was  declared  inexpedient.  Finally  a  committee,  con- 
jsisting  of  D.  F.  Robinson,  Horace  Seymour,  Horace  Goodwin, 
Captain  Chauncey  Barnard,  and  Nathan  Morse,  was  ap- 
pointed to  raise  by  subscription,  if  possible,  $4,000,  to  apply 
on  the  debt  of  the  Society.  The  money  was  raised,  the 
members  of  the  committee  subscribing  liberally,  and  for  a 
while  the  financial  distress  was  relieved. 

In  the  month  of  August,  1832,  Dea.  George  Corning  and 
D.  F.  Robinson  were  appointed  a  committee  of  the  Society 
"  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Linsley  and  inform  him  of  the  re- 
sult of  this  meeting,"  but  the  Society  records  furnish  no  ac- 
count of  what  occurred  at  the  meeting.  The  Church  records 
show  what  the  trouble  was.  In  ]\Iay,  1832,  a  Church  meeting 
was  held,  at  which  regret  was  expressed  at  the  "  occurrence  of 
events  which  have  weakened  the  bond  of  love  between  the 
pastor  and  the  Church,"  but  at  the  same  meeting,  the  Church, 
by  a  large  majority,  requested  Mr.  Linsley  not  to  ask  for  a 
dismission,  but  to  remain.  July  nth,  Mr.  Linsley  replied  to 
the  Church,  thanking  them  kindly  for  their  vote  of  confi- 
dence, but  asking  them  to  grant  his  dismission.     The  Church 


2o6  History  of  the  Church 

voted,  by  a  large  majority,  not  to  do  this.  Another  commu- 
nication from  the  Pastor  showed  that  his  mind  was  fully 
made  up  to  remove,  and  the  Church  reluctantly  granted  his 
request.  By  joint  action  of  the  Church  and  Society,  a  coun- 
cil was  called  to  consider  the  case,  and  the  result  was  that 
Mr.  Linsley's  pastoral  relation  was  dissolved,  August  21, 
1832.  The  Church  voted  to  give  him  the  unexpended  bal- 
ance of  the  proceeds  of  the  old  chapel.  The  Council  gave  a 
sweet  and  tender  testimony  to  the  departing  Pastor,  "  whose 
praise  is  in  all  the  churches,"  and  so  ended  Mr.  Linsley's  min- 
istry here.  Just  what  was  the  nature  of  the  difficulties  that 
led  to  this  result,  it  would  not  be  easy  to  say.  It  was  a  diffi- 
cult parish  to  get  along  with.  There  had  been  a  zeal  in  dis- 
cipline that  made  trouble,  and  financial  difficulties  increased 
that  trouble.  A  letter  of  Doctor  Linsley  lies  before  me, 
written  in  August,  1832,  to  Horace  Goodwin,  in  which  he  says 
that  the  movement  for  his  retirement  did  not  originate  with 
himself,  and  in  which  he  speaks  of  "  all  the  unkind  speeches 
that  have  been  made  about  me  and  about  my  labors."  He 
states  that  there  is  a  well-known  disaffection  toward  him  in 
the  Parish  and  in  the  Society's  committee,  and,  in  a  calm  and 
Christian  manner,  declares  that  no  self-respecting  minister 
could  remain  in  a  situation  so  embarrassing. 

One  action  of  the  Church  which  Mr.  Linsley  was  instrii- 
mental  in  procuring,  and  which  created  some  disaffection,  is 
of  too  much  importance  to  be  overlooked.  Following  a  pre- 
vailing fashion  of  the  times,  the  Church,  in  1828,  voted  to  ap- 
point a  committee  to  revise  the  articles  of  faith  and  Covenant, 
and  report  their  revision  for  adoption  and  printing.  Down 
to  this  period  the  Church  had  cherished  and  used  its  ancient 
and  original  covenant,  nor  is  there  any  trace  of  the  use  of 
any  other  creed  or  confession  before  that  time.  But  in  1822, 
the  First  Church,  in  deference  to  its  Pastor's  desires,  adopted 
"a  long,  many-articled  confession  of  faith,"  as  Dr.  Walker 
well  describes  it.  About  that  time  a  good  deal  of  that  sort 
of  creed-manufacture  was  going  on.  Articles  of  faith  were 
made  to  order   in  abundance.     The    Second    Church   either 


Li/isky —  Winarsdaleii — Daggett — Clark  207 

made  or  procured  some,  and  a  confession  of  faith,  "  long  and 
many-articled,"  and  with  the  stamp  of  the  time  upon  it,  was 
somehow  adopted.  And  worse  than  that,  the  brief,  compact, 
incomparable  old  covenant  on  which  the  Church  was  founded, 
and  which  was  hallowed  by  the  use  of  generations  of  mem- 
bers, was  foolishly  set  aside,  and  a  new-fangled,  rambling,  and 
altogether  inferior  composition  substituted  for  it.  It  was  the 
fashion  just  then,  nor  does  the  fashion  speak  well  of  the  spirit 
or  culture  that  suggested  it.  The  new  covenant  and  creed 
were  adopted  and  continued  in  use  until  about  twenty  years 
ago,  when  the  old  covenant  was  recovered  and  restored,  and 
the  creed  was  dropped  for  the  Apostle's  Creed. 

A  curious  old  fragment  of  manuscript  has  recently  come 
into  the  writer's  possession,  and  is  before  him  as  he  pens 
these  lines,  which  shows  how  some  of  the  older  members  of 
the  Church  regarded  this  change  of  covenant,  and  of  the 
form  of  admission  to  Church  membership.  It  is  one  page  of 
a  book  in  which  the  venerable  Thomas  vSeymour  was  accus- 
tomed to  inscribe  such  things  as  it  pleased  him,  and  was 
written  by  him  in  the  ninety-fourth  3'ear  of  his  age  (1828), 
and  signed  with  his  initials.  It  begins  abruptly,  for  the 
pages  on  which  the  preceding  remarks  were  written  are 
missing. 

find  them  such  as  to  recommend  them,  and  if  no 
objection  is  now  made,  I  sliall  proceed  to  propose  to  them  the  Covenant, 
in  order  to  their  assenting  and  consenting  to  it. 

No  objection  made,  the  Covenant  read  and  assented  to  by  the  appli- 
cants, the  Pastor  says  to  them,  "  May  God  of  His  mercy  grant  that  you 
may  have  grace  given  you  to  Uve  agreeably  to  the  solemn  profession  you 
have  now  made."  The  time  spent  in  this  process  did  not  exceed  more 
than  ten  or  fifteen  minutes. 

N.  B. —  This  practice  has  been  continued  in  our  Chh.  until  of  late 
—  when,  and  for  what  reason  it  has  been  laid  aside,  is  not  a  little  myste- 
rious, but  such  is  the  fact  —  a  new  prolix  creed  has  been  substituted  in- 
stead of  our  good  old  Congregational  one,  and  a  new  mode  of  introducing 
and  administering  it  has  been  adopted.  The  time  spent  in  this  new  pro- 
cess detained  the  applicants  in  the  face  of  the  congregation,  at  least  three- 
quarters  of  an  hour.  I  will  not  say  that  this  savours  too  much  of  a  Phari- 
saical appearance,  or  that  it  is  a  work  of  Supererogation.  Charity  hopeth 
all  things.  (Signed)         T.  S. 


2o8  History  of  the  Church 

The  man  who  penned  this  fragment  died  in  1829,  in  the 
95th  year  of  his  age.  [See  page  134.]  The  "  Memorandum 
Book,"  used  first  by  his  father,  who  died  in  1767,  and  after- 
wards by  himself,  and  to  which  allusion  has  been  made,  is 
the  source  from  which  many  facts  stated  in  this  history  have 
been  derived.  It  contains  several  pages  of  accounts  with 
the  South  Church  for  things  required  at  the  communion  ser- 
vices, and  also  pages  of  accounts  with  the  Society  for  ma- 
terials used  in  building  the  second  meeting-house. 

The  long  list  of  names  in  this  book  —  names  of  people 
in  Hartford  and  in  various  towns  of  the  colony  with  whom 
Thomas  Seymour  had  dealings  in  his  capacity  as  a  lawyer  — 
might  be  worth  copying  and  listing  in  alphabetical  order. 
In  the  settlement  of  an  estate  there  are  forty  pages  inscribed 
with  names  in  alphabetical  order,  which  must  be  of  no  little 
genealogical  value.  Probably  no  single  layman,  in  the  en- 
tire history  of  the  Church  and  Society,  has  exerted  so  potent 
an  influence  in  their  affairs  as  this  third  Thomas  Seymour  — 
lawyer,  soldier,  and  mayor  of  the  cit}^  —  who  was  a  member 
of  the  Church  for  more  than  fifty  years,  and  a  deacon  in  it 
from  1794  to  1809. 

When  Mr.  Linsley  began  his  ministry  here  the  Church 
numbered  one  hundred  and  forty  members.  During  his 
ministr}^  the  membership  was  greatly  increased.  In  1827 
more  than  fifty,  and  in  1831  nearly  ninety  persons  united 
with  the  Church.  And  in  other  years  the  additions  were 
numerous.  His  labors  were  abundantly  fruitful  in  spiritual 
results.  Some  who  then  united  with  the  Church  are  still 
living  here,  and  many  whom  the  present  members  remem- 
ber as  most  exemplary  and  efficient  in  their  christian  life 
and  service  were  gathered  into  the  Church  under  his  minis- 
trations. It  is  not  easy  to  understand  how  a  minister  so 
godly,  able,  and  successful  could  have  been  so  lightly  re- 
garded by  many  in  the  Society.  Dr.  Bacon  said  of  him,  in 
1870,  that  of  all  the  men  whom  he  had  familiarly  known, 
"Joel  Harvey  Linsley  was  most  manifestly  characterized  by 
godly  sincerity,  by  simplicity,  grave   and  sweet,      .... 


Liusley —  Vanarsdalcn — Daggett — Clark.  209 

by  all  spiritual  graces  adorning-  and  sanctifying  the  native 
strength  of  a  mind  well  disciplined  in  various  studies." 

Of  his  excellent  wife  Dr.  Brace  wrote  in  the  Religious 
Herald,  in  1870  :  "  vShe  was  one  of  the  best  specimens  of  a 
good  pastor's  wife  that  Connecticut  ever  furnished.  She  did 
almost  as  much  for  tlie  Lord  as  her  devoted  husband,  and 
her  memory  is  embalmed  in  the  hearts  of  a  large  number  of 
ovtr  citizens." 

The  following  letter  written  by  Dr.  Linsley  to  Mr. 
Horace  Goodwin,  one  of  the  Society's  Committee,  and  with- 
out other  date  than  "  Friday  morning,"  seems  worthy  of  pub- 
lication here,  as  showing  his  sound  notions  concerning  the 
proper  use  of  houses  of  worship,  and  also  his  gentle  and 
conciliatory  spirit.  Just  what  sort  of  meeting  he  refers  to 
in  his  letter  is  unknown. 

"  Mr.  Goodwin  : 

"  I  find  I  must  be  absent  at  the  hour  appointed  to  see  you.  I  think 
there  are  strong  objections  to  using  churches  (and  especially  pulpits)  for 
political  purposes,  or  for  any  merely  secular  meetings.  I  would  always 
avoid  it  when  I  could.  On  this  subject  I  am  a  T^r^My  sound  Churchman! 
Episcopalians  never  allow  political  harangues  or  addresses  to  be  made  in 
their  pulpits. 

"  But  if  the  young  men  must  have  a  church,  they  have  special  claims 
on  the  churches  up  town  ;  because  most  of  these  young  men  belong  to 
those  churches.  Probably  four-fifths  of  the  principal  managers  of  the 
celebration  belong  to  the  Episcopal  and  Center  churches,  and  very  few 
of  our  .Society  have  anything  to  do  with  it  at  all.  And  yet,  as  it  will 
dirty  their  houses  uptown,  they  must,  as  in  former  days,  go  down  South, 
where,  //  is  said,  they  will  let  anything  be  done  in  their  Church!  I 
doubt  whether  the  North  Church  has  ever  been  used  at  all  on  such  an 
occasion.  If  meetings  of  this  sort  are  attended  in  our  Church,  let  it  only 
be  in  fair  proportion  with  the  other  churches. 

"  At  the  same  time,  if  the  young  men  can  get  no  other  place  con- 
venient for  holding  their  meeting,  and  if  there  is  to  be  no  party  politics 
in  it,  (and  especially,  if  religious  services  are  to  be  connected  with  it)  I 
would  not  persist  in  my  objections  against  the  opinions  of  the  Commit- 
tee. I  have  merel}'  stated  my  general  views  on  the  subject,  and  I  wish 
the  Committee  now  to  act  wholly  on  their  responsibility  in  the  matter. 

"  Your  friend, 

"J.  H.  LINSLEY." 
14 


2IO  History  of  the  Church 

The  financial  condition  of  the  Second  Society,  at  the 
time  of  Dr.  Linsley's  dismission  was,  according-  to  the  report 
of  the  Society's  committee,  "deplorable  indeed."  The  cur- 
rent expenses  had  far  exceeded  the  annual  income,  and 
there  was  division  of  opinion  respecting  the  best  means  to 
be  adopted  for  relief.  A  general  feeling  of  despondency 
prevailed,  and,  in  some  cases,  a  lack  of  all  interest  was  mani- 
fested, "  deeply  affecting  to  those  who  felt  that  the  responsi- 
bility rested  upon  them  of  sustaining,  at  all  evefits,  the  inter- 
ests and  respectability  of  the  Society."  The  report  from 
which  we  have  quoted  is  signed,  in  characters  betokening 
infirmity  of  age,  by  Chauncey  Barnard,  who  was  one  of 
the  few  faithful  men  who  stood  by  the  Society  through 
years  of  great  embarrassment.  Another,  but  younger  man, 
to  whose  sagacity,  patience,  and  wisdom  the  Society  was 
deeply  indebted,  was  Mr.  I\_F\_Robinson.  But  the  subscrip- 
tion of  more  than  four  thousand  dollars  relieved  the  finan- 
cial distress,  and  a  better  feeling  and  fairer  prospects  suc- 
ceeded. On  the  25th  of  November,  1832,  the  Church  voted  y 
unanimously  to  invite  the  Rev.  Cornelius  C.  Vanarsdalen  of/ 
Brunswick,  N.  J.,  to  become  their  Pastor,  and  shortly  after 
the  Society  passed  a  similar  vote,  offering  him  a  salary 
of  twelve  hundred  dollars. 

This  call  was  accepted,  and  Mr.  Vanarsdalen  was  duly 
ordained  as  Pastor  of  the  Church  and  Society,  December  27, 
1832.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Hawes  preached  the  ordination  sermon, 
which  was  printed.  The  committee  of  the  Church  and 
Society,  at  whose  request  it  was  published,  proposed  "  to 
devote  any  profit  which  may  arise  from  the  sale  of  it,  to  the 
Orphan  Asylum  in  this  city."  ' 

1  The  Orphan  Asylum  grew  out  of  the  Female  Beneficient  Society,  to  which 
allusion  has  been  piade.  Under  this  society,  which  was  incorporated^in  igrjr  fejnale 
orphans  only  were  cared  for.  In  1831  measures  were  taken  to  establish  an  orphan 
asylum  for  boys,  and  for  several  years  union  services  of  the  churches  were  annually 
held  in  its  behalf,  with  a  sermon  and  collection  at  each  service.  In  1836  a  building 
on  Washington  Street  was  occupied  by  the  asylum,  and  the  girls,  under  the  care  of 
the  Beneficient  Society,  attended  the  school  exercises  there.  In  1865  both  insti- 
tutions were  combined  under  a  new  charter,  and,  in  1878,  the  present  building 
was  occupied.  For  many  years  the  boys  of  the  orphan  asylum  have  attended 
the  South  Church  and  its  Sunday-school. 


Linsley —  Vanarsdalen — Daggett — Clark  2 1 1 

Mr.  Vanarsdalen  was  a  man  of  good  abilities,  pleasing 
address,  and  poetic  temperament,  and  entered  upon  his  minis- 
try under  favorable  auspices.  He  was  unmarried  and  fond 
of  society,  and  soon  found  himself  in  a  somewhat  trying 
popularity.  Bat  his  pastorate  was  of  brief  duration  and 
imeventful.  In  1836  he  tendered  his  resignation  on  the  plea 
of  ill-health,  and  it  was  accepted  by  Church  and  Society,  not, 
however,  without  warm  words  of  commendation  on  their 
part,  concerning  his  "amiable  manners,  high  talents,  and 
exalted  worth."  The  people  seem  to  have  been  really  very 
fond  of  him,  but  he  had  never  found  Connecticut  congenial, 
and  departed,  leaving  little  more  than  his  name  behind. 
His  pastoral  relation  was  declared  dissolved  b}^  an  Ecclesias- 
tical Council,  March  22,  1836. 

As  an  example  of  the  way  in  which  the  "  Buckingham 
property  "  was  gradually  alienated,  the  vote  of  the  Society 
in  1836  may  be  instanced,  by  which  the  lot  south  of  the 
Parsonage  was  advertised  to  be  leased  for  a  term  of  999 
years. 

The  same  year  died  Mr.  Flavel  Goldthwaite,  organist 
and  leader  of  the  choir,  who  seems  to  have  been  greatly 
esteemed  by  the  people  of  the  congregation. 

In  1832  the  Church  was  represented  in  a  council  con- 
vened at  the  North  Church  for  the  dismission  of  its  pastor, 
Rev.  Samuel  Spring,  and,  a  little  later,  in  another  council, 
convened  in  East  Hartford,  to  install  the  same  person  over 
the  church  there.  Dr.  Spring  was  settled  over  the  North 
Church,  Hartford,  in  1827,  in  East  Hartford  in  1833,  where 
the  remainder  of  his  life  was  spent.  He  died  in  1877,  uni- 
versally beloved  and  lamented.  In  1833  the  Second  Church 
was  invited  to  be  present,  by  pastor  and  delegate,  in  a 
council  called  for  the  ordination  of  Horace  Bushnell  as 
pastor  of  the  North  Church.  This  great  man,  whose  fame  is 
in  all  the  churches,  had  but  this  one  pastorate.  He  was 
twenty-six  years  the  minister  of  the  North  Church,  and  in 
the  years  thereafter,  until  his  death,  was  the  minister  of 
mankind  at  large,  in  a  most  memorable  way.' 

I  Life  and  Letters  of  Horace  Bu.shnell,  by  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Mary  B.  Cheney. 


212  History  of  the  Church 

In  1S32  was  org-anized  the  Free  Church,  which  occupied 
the  old  "Baptist  Meeting-House,"  on  Market  Street.     Rev. 

E.  P.  Barrows,  who  had  gathered  the  congregation,  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Rev.  Horatio  Foote,  who  soon  gave  way  to  Rev. 
William  C.  Walton,  at  whose  death,  two  years  after  his 
settlement,  Rev.  Charles  Fitch  became  Pastor.  A  new 
sanctuary  was  built  on  Main  Street,  known  since  its  aban- 
donment as  the  Melodeon.  In  1837  Rev.  Isaac  N.  Sprague 
was  settled,  and  the  Free  Church  became  the  Fourth  / 
Church,  and  entered  upon  a  period  of  great  prosperity. 

J  In  1833  the  Talcott  Street  Church  (Congregational,  and 
composed  of  colored  people)  was  organized.  In  1831  the 
First  Baptist  Church,  whose  Pastor  was  then  Rev.  Gustavus 

F.  Davis,  D.D.,  completed  and  occupied  a  new  house  of  wor- 
ship on  Main  Street,  known,  since  the  removal  of  the  Society 
from  it,  as  Touro  Hall.  Shortly  after  it  was  thought  best  to 
establish  another  Society,  and  the  South  Baptist  Church 
was  organized,  October  21,  1834.  Its  first  Pastor  was  Rev. 
Henry  Stanwood,  during  whose  ministry  the  first  meeting- 
house was  erected,  on  the  southeast  corner  of  Main  and 
Sheldon  Streets. 

On  the  17th  of  June,  1830,  the  first  Roman  Catholic 
Church  in  Connecticut  was  dedicated  in  this  city  by  Bishop 
Fenwick.  It  was  the  old  Episcopal  meeting-house  removed 
from  its  original  site  to  a  small  lot  on  the  north  side  of  Tal- 
cott Street.  Rev.  James  Fitton  was  the  first  Pastor,  suc- 
ceeded in  1837  by  Re v.^  John  Brady.  It  is  an  interesting 
tradition  that  the  Rev.  Dr.-Matignon,  a  French  refugee  and 
a  Roman  Catholic  priest,  traveling  from  Boston  to  New 
York,  in  181 3,  and  finding  it  necessary  to  spend  Sunday 
in  Hartford,  was  hospitably  entertained  by  Dr.  Strong,  and 
invited  to  preach  in  the  First  Church  on  the  evening  of  the 
Sabbath  day. 

In  1830,  a  Unitarian  Association  was  organized,  a  consti- 
tution adopted,  and  officers  chosen,  but  no  attempt  to  estab- 
lish a  church  or  society  was  made  until  1844. 


Linsley  —  Vanarsdalen  —  Daggeff  —  Clark  2 1 3 

In  the  year  1834,  this  Church  was  called  to  take  action, 
for  the  first  time,  on  a  case  involving  its  relations  to  churches 
of  other  denominations.  vSamuel  Humphrey  and  his  wife  re- 
quested letters  of  dismission  and  recommendation  to  the 
South  Baptist  Church.  The  application  was  referred  to  a 
committee,  which,  after  consideration,  made  a  report  recom- 
mending that  "  the  request  be  not  granted."  The  chief  rea- 
sons adduced  for  the  support  of  this  recoinmendation  were, 
that  "  we  ought  not  to  dismiss  our  memlSers  to  churches  not 
in  doctrinal  unison  with  us  ;  "  and,  that  the  "  Baptist  Church 
have  not  adopted  principles  adverse  to  ....  the  use 
and  traffic  in  spirituous  liquors."  Strange  as  it  may  seem, 
this  report  and  recommendation  were  adopted,  and  the  re- 
quest of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Humphrey  was  refused.  They  were 
received  into  the  Baptist  Church,  and  this  Church  voted  their 
suspension  frotn  communion  and  church  privileges. 

Three  years  later  the  Church  evidently  reviewed  this 
whole  matter  with  deliberation,  for  the  vote  of  suspension 
against  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Humphrey  was  formally  rescinded,  and 
they  were  declared  to  be  dismissed,  and  the  clerk  of  the 
Church  was  directed  to  send  them  the  evidence  of  such  dis- 
mission. Moreover,  in  the  preamble  to  this  vote,  the  South 
Baptist  Church  is  particularly  specified  as  "  in  all  points  es- 
sential to  salvation  an  Evangelical  church."  Another  vote 
passed  at  the  same  meeting,  December  21,.  1837,  completely 
and  generously  recognizes  other  "  Evangelical  churches, 
sound  in  all  points  essential  to  salvation,  though  not  in  fel- 
lowship with  us,"  and  establishes  the  rule  of  granting  letters 
of  dismission  to  all  such  churches.  It  is  gratifying  to  find 
that  the  illiberality  of  the  Church's  original  action  on  this 
question  was  evidently  not  according  to  the  mind  of  the 
Church,  and  that  it  was  speedily  and  totally  repudiated. 

During  the  three  years  and  three  months  of  Rev.  Mr. 
Vanarsdalen's  ministry,  forty-four  persons  were  added  to  the 
Church.  In  1830,  Elijah  Porter  Barrows  and  J.  Hubbard 
Wells  were  elected  deacons,  and  in  1831,  George  Corning 
and  Zephaniah  Swift  were  chosen  to  that  office. 


2  1 4  Ilistory  of  the  CJnirch 

The  Theological  Institute  of  Connecticut  was  chartered 
in  1S34,  the  outgrowth  of  a  theological  division  and  contro- 
versy among  the  Congregationalists,  in  some  respects  resem- 
bling that  of  the  previous  centiiry  between  the  old  and  new 
lights.  The  chief  exponents  of  the  conflicting  systems  and 
parties  were  Dr.  Nathaniel  Taylor,  D.D.,  Professor  of  Theology 
in  Yale  Divinity  School,  and  Dr.  Bennett  Tyler.  The  Pas- 
toral Union  of  Connecticut  was  the  foundation  of  the  Sem- 
inary which  was  located  at  East  Windsor,  and  more  recently 
transferred  to  Hartford,  where  it  is  known  as  the  Hartford 
Theological  Seminary.  The  once  notable  controversy  has 
long  since  passed  away,  leaving  scarcely  an  echo  of  its  great 
battles  in  the  air. 

In  1823,  the  act  incorporating  Washington  College  passed 
both  houses  of  the  Legislature,  and  in  1824,  buildings  were 
erected  where  the  State  Capitol  now  stands,  and  the  college 
was  formally  opened.  In  1844,  the  name  of  the  college  was 
altered  to  Trinity,  and  in  1871,  the  college  sold  its  grounds  to 
the  State,  and  removed  to  its  present  commanding  site. 

In  the  month  of  May,  1836,  the  Rev.  William  Patton  of 
New  York,  was  unanimously  and  repeatedly  invited  to  settle 
here,  but  his  services  were  not  secured. 

In  February,  1837,  the  Rev.  Oliver  E.  Daggett  was 
unanimotisly  called  by  the  Society  and  Church  to  become 
their  pastor.  The  salary  offered  was  twelve  hundred  dol- 
lars. The  call  was  accepted  by  Mr.  Daggett  on  the  condition 
that  the  Society  should  supply  the  pulpit  at  their  own  expense 
five  Sabbaths  in  each  year.  He  was  ordained  and  settled 
here,  April  12,  1837,  but  there  is  no  record  of  the  Council 
that  convened  on  that  occasion.  Mr.  Daggett  began  to 
preach  in  the  Second  Church  in  June,  1836,  as  a  temporary 
supply,  and  continued  his  services  until  his  settlement  as 
pastor. 

During  the  year  1838,  the  Church  and  Society  were  in  a 
flourishing  condition.  Mr.  Samuel  A.  Cooper  was  employed 
as  organist  and  director  of  music,  at  a  salary  of  four  hundred 
dollars,  and  it  was  believed  that  this  action  would  "ensure  a 


^ 


Linsley  —  Vanarsdalen  —  Daggett  —  Clark  215 

style  of  singing-  equal  to  that  of  any  church  in  the  city." 
Nevertheless,  the  committee  say  that  the  singers  "  are  all 
young  and  inexperienced." 

It  must  be  acknowledged  that  for  many  years  the  Society 
had  done  its  best  to  secure  instruction  in  music  for  its  young 
people,  and  probably  most  religious  societies  in  New  England 
had  done  likewise.  Their  idea  was  to  develop  musical  cul- 
ture in  their  own  parish  and  among  their  own  people,  and 
not  merely  to  pay  professional  singers  to  do  the  singing 
for  them.  That  idea  has  somehow  become  disregarded  in 
later  years. 

Previous  to  the  year  1838,  the  only  chapel,  or  lecture 
room,  was  in  the  western  part  of  the  basement  of  the  Church. 
Another  room  was  now  prepared  and  furnished  just  over  the 
vestibule  of  the  Church,  and  directly  in  the  rear  of  the  choir 
gallery. 

That  same  year  a  memorable  revival  occurred  in  Hart- 
ford. "  It  came  upon  the  churches  like  a  gradual,  mighty 
wave,  not  undesired  nor  unsought,  but  unexpected,  till  it  lifted 
us  all  and  bore  us  up  for  some  five  months."  The  records  of 
the  Church  show  that  committees  were  appointed  for  Parish 
visitation  and  personal  religious  ministration.  That  year  one 
hundred  and  seventy  persons  were  received  into  the  Church, 
and  of  these  one  hundred  and  ten  came  on  profession  of  faith, 
at  one  communion  season.  The  religious  interest  abated,  but 
revived  again  in  1S41,  when  sorne^thiiity  were  received  on 
profession  of  faith.  When  Dr.  Daggett  left  the  Church,  in 
1842,  it  had  four  hundred  and  six  members,  and  more  than 
half  of  these  had  united  with  the  Church  under  his  ministry. 

In  October,  1839,  A.  W.  Butler  being  Clerk  of  the 
Church,  a  committee  appointed  in  reference  to  procuring 
communion  furniture  made  a  report,  and  the  Church  voted 
to  empower  the  same  committee  "  to  procure  six  silver  cups 
and  three  silver  platters  agreeable  to  the  pattern  presented 
by  said  committee,  ....  causing  such  inscriptions  to 
be  engraved  thereon  as  they  shall  deem  expedient,  and  that 
they  be  authorized  to  obtain  subscriptions  for  the  aforesaid 
object." 


2i6  History  of  the  Church 

At  the  annual  meeting-  in  1840  this  committee  made 
their  report.  Three  silver  plates  and  six  silver  cups  had 
been  purchased  at  a  cost  of  one  hundred  and  ninety-one 
dollars,  of  which  sum  one  hundred  and  one  dollars  had  been 
raised  by  subscription,  and  the  balance  by  the  avails  of  old 
silver  belonging-  to  the  Church.  No  one  now  knows  what 
that  last  phrase  described.  On  the  new  furniture  had  been 
inscribed,  "  Second  Church  of  Christ,  Hartford,  Ct.,  Jan., 
1840,"  and  on  one  of  the  plates  is  inscribed  as  following  : 

"The   silver   plate   marked   as   above,   was   purchased   in   part   by- 
subscription,  and  in  part  by  the  avails  of  other  silver  plate,  the  property 
of  said  church  viz. 
One   Tankard   marked 

The   Gieft   of    M'   John   Ellery   Late   of    Hartford   To   The   South 
Church   In   Hartford   Who   Departed   This   Life   November  y«   10   1746 
Aged  34  Years 
Two   Cups   marked 

The    Dying   Gift   of    M"-   Richard    Lord   to   the   Second   Church   of 
Christ   In   Hartford 
Two  Cups   marked 

The   Gift   of   J.   R.    to   y«   South   Church   in    Heart  ford 

Two   Cups   marked 

S   C" 

This  report  was  accepted  and  recorded,  but  it  was  a 
"  verbal  report,"  and  the  clerk  no  doubt  made  as  good  a 
record  as  he  could.  It  leaves  some  serious  questions  in  great 
doubt.  Here  is  mentioned  for  the  first  time  in  the  records 
since  William  Stanley's  will  was  copied  therein  the  tankard 
given  by  John  Ellery  about  1746.  It  was  like  the  one  given 
by  William  Stanley  in  1786.  Was  that  among  the  "  old  silver 
plate "  disposed  of  at  this  time,  or  had  it  previously  dis- 
appeared, or  did  it  vanish  at  a  still  later  date,  when,  without 
any  recorded  vote  or  action  of  the  Church,  certain  officers  of 
the  Church  converted  some  "old  silver"  belonging  to  the 
Church  into  a  spick  and  span  new  silver-plated  communion 
service  ?  William  Stanley's  flagon  still  survives  transmuta- 
tion, but  the  one  given  by  John  Ellery,  most  ancient  of  all, 
is  gone,  and  of  it  only  an  "inscription,"  engraved  on  quite 
another  article,  remains.     And  what  of  that  gift  of  "J.  R." 


Linsley  —  VanarsJalcn  —  Daggett  —  Clark  2 1 7 

(Joseph  Richards),  and  of  Richard  Lord's  "  dyins;-  gift"? 
And  who  was  the  donor  to  whom  belonged  the  initials 
"  S.  C.  "  ?  Alas  !  that  such  memorials  should  have  been 
allowed  to  perish,  or  to  exist  only  in  comparatively  modern 
forms.  For  whenever  and  however  the  changes  were  made, 
it  is  certain  that  of  all  the  old  silver  given  to  it,  the  Church 
now  has  nothing  older  than  the  furniture  of  1840,  except 
the  beautiful  flagon  or  tankard  donated  by  William  Stanley 
in  his  last  will  and  testament  of  1786.' 

In  1842,  July  23d,  Dr.  Daggett  sent  a  communication  to 
the  Church,  requesting  the  brethren  to  unite  with  him  in 
calling  a  council  with  reference  to  his  dismission.  This  re- 
quest was  made  "  in  view  of  the  disaffection  which  I  learn 
prevails  among  some  of  you  toward  your  pastor."  A  reso- 
lution was  offered  at  the  Church  meeting  to  the  effect  that 
Dr.  Daggett's  request  be  complied  with,  and  the  resolution 
was  negatived,  eleven  voting  for  it  and  sixty-six  against  it. 

At  this  time  one  thousand  dollars  were  contribvited  an- 
nually for  benevolent  societies,  and  yet  the  pastor's  salary 
was  so  far  in  arrears  that  interest  on  the  unpaid  portion 
amounted  to  over  twenty-five  dollars.  Dr.  Daggett  re- 
mained another  year,  but  in  June,  1843,  renewed  his  request 
for  a  council  to  dismiss  him.  In  his  communications  to  the 
Society  and  Church  he  spoke  freely  of  the  "  pecuniary  embar- 
rassments "  of  the  Society  as  justifying  his  action. 

1  [It  may  be  added  here  that  the  silver  furniture  mentioned  in  the  foregoing  re- 
port of  1840  was  for  many  years  entirely  lost  sight  of  and  forgotten,  strange  as  that 
may  seem  1  About  the  year  1861  occurred  the  transaction  alluded  to  above,  by 
which  a  silver-plated  communion  service  was  procured  with  the  avails  of  some  "  old 
silver."  The  pastor  was  then  newly-settled,  and  knew  nothing  of  the  transaction 
for  years  after.  Nobody  seemed  to  know  much  about  it.  Twenty  years  later  my 
curiosity  was  e.xcited  by  reading  the  foregoing  Church  record  of  1840,  and  1  began 
to  inquire  and  search  for  the  missing  silver  cups  and  plates.  Such  veterans  in  the 
Church  as  Deacons  Stillman  and  Webster  could  give  no  information.  They  remem- 
bered the  furniture,  of  course,  but  thought  it  had  been  exchanged.  Talking  one  day 
of  the  matter  with  the  late  Deacon  Charles  Gillette,  then  President  of  the  First  Na- 
tional Bank,  I  was  told  by  him  that  in  the  vault  of  said  bank  was  an  old  and  curious 
wooden  box,  which  had  been  there  many  years,  but  of  the  ownership  or  contents  of 
which  nothing  was  known  by  the  officers  of  the  bank.  It  was  decided  to  overhaul 
and  examine  that  box,  and  when  the  screws  had  been  drawn  and  the  lid  removed, 
lo  !  snugly  and  securely  packed  therein  were  the  cups  and  plates  described  in  the 
above  report  of  1840 !  How  the  silver-plated  ware  went  out  of  use  will  be  related 
hereafter.] 


2i8  History  of  the  Church 

The  reports  of  the  Prudential  Committee  of  the  Society 
for  the  years  1840-44  reveal  a  condition  of  things  difficult  to 
explain.  Not  all  the  cheerful  and  eloquent  exhortations  of 
Mr.  S.  L.  Loomis,  then  chairman  ;  not  all  his  appeals  to 
local  feeling  and  pride  in  what  he  was  pleased  to  call  the 
"  Eden  of  Hartford,"  availed  to  elicit  the  requisite  interest 
and  money.  The  "  Old  South,"  which  he  alternately  flat- 
tered, coaxed,  and  scolded,  did  not  respond.  An  evil  spirit 
had  entered  that  "  Eden  "  which  he  glowingly  depicted. 

"It  must  be  conceded,"  said  he,  "by  all,  that  the  South 
Side  is  the  Eden  of  Hartford.  Here  we  have  a  fine  soil, 
pure  water,  and  as  pure  an  atmosphere  as  sweeps  over  the 
hills  of  any  country  !  these,  with  the  rare  inducements  that 
landscape  and  water  scenes  present,  invite  the  attention  of 
those  who  are  seeking  pleasant  residences  !  "  With  great 
fervor  of  such  ardent  but  irrelevant  rhetoric  the  argument 
was  pressed,  with  little  effect. 

In  1 841  the  same  committee  report  :  "  It  fills  the  minds 
of  your  Committee  with  unpleasant,  torturing  apprehen- 
sions, that  while  this  section  of  the  town  has  increased  in 
population,  during  the  last  two  or  three  years,  more  rapidly 
than  any  other  section,  there  has  been  no  addition,  in  point 
of  numbers  or  wealth,  to  our  congregation."  The  great 
amount  of  "tmcollectable "  pew-rents  is  spoken  of  as 
"humiliating,"  and  "the  strange  propensity  among  some  of 
the  members  to  double  and  t^cist "  is  mentioned  with  some- 
thing akin  to  disgust. 

In  1843  the  same  committee  report  a  deficit  for  the  past 
year,  and  say  "  there  is  something  revolting  in  such  a  pic- 
ture." So  run  the  annual  reports  of  that  period,  from  gay 
to  exceeding  grave.  In  his  final  request  for  dismission  Dr. 
Daggett  plainly  intimated  that  the  difficulty  in  the  Society 
was  not  inability  but  indisposition  to  meet  and  repair  their 
ill-fortune,  and  his  view  of  the  case  was  as  just  as  the  re- 
buke he  administered  was  merited. 

It  is  not  pleasant  to  write  thus  of  this  Society,  but  it 
is  necessary  to  tell  the  painful  truth.     There  were  noble  men 


Linsley  —  Vauarsdalcn  -^  Daggett  —  Clark  219 

in  it  then,  to  say  nothing  of  the  women  of  the  Church,  men 
like  D.  F.  Robinson,  A.  W.  Butler,  Charles  Webster,  P.  D. 
wStillman,  Samuel  Dodd,  John  B.  Cprning-,  and  others  who 
mioht  be  mentioned,  and  whose  names  are  familiar.  They 
did  what  they  could,  thoug-h  most  of  them  were  men  of 
limited  means,  but  they  could  not  do  all  that  was  requisite. 
There  was  wanting  some  inspiring  and  commanding  person- 
ality to  accomplish  just  what  Mr.  Loomis's  rhetoric  aimed 
at  but  failed  to  accomplish.  But  there  was  still  an  "un- 
hallowed leaven  "  in  this  Society,  an  evil  spirit  of  discontent 
and  faction,  which  made  mischief  continually,  and  brought 
discredit  upon  a  living  and  faithful  church.  In  no  other 
way  can  it  be  explained,  that  the  remarkably  fruitful  minis- 
tries of  Drs.  Linsley  and  Daggett  were  of  so  brief  duration. 
The  pastoral  relation  of  Dr.  Daggett  to  this  Church  was 
dissolved  by  a  council,  June  23,  1843. 

It  fell  to  Dr.  Daggett  to  bury  one  of  the  saintliest  men 
who  has  ever  been  named  in  the  annals  of  this  Church,  — 
good  Deacon  Thomas  Tileston,  who  departed  this  life  in  1837. 
Not  long  ago,  Mrs.  D.  F.  Robinson,  who,  as  Anne  Seymour, 
joined  this  Church  in  1820,'  prepared  a  paper  which  was 
published  in  the  Hartford  Courant,  in  which  much  about 
Deacon  Tileston  was  written,  and  from  which  the  following 
quotations  are  taken  :  — 

"  In  his  early  manhood  he  was  the  subject  of  a  remarkable  religious 
experience.  He  fell  into  a  trance,  and  for  three  days  showed  scarcely 
a  sign  of  life,  barely  enough  to  deter  his  friends  from  performing  the  last 
sad  rights  of  burial.  When  consciousness  was  restored,  his  first  utter- 
ance was,  '  Praise  God.'  From  that  hour,  he  has  often  asserted,  not  a 
shadow  of  doubt  or  fear  clouded  his  hope  of  salvation.  When  asked  if 
he  would  tell  what  he  saw  while  in  this  condition ,  his  reply  was,  '  The 
vision  was  indescribable,  but  real,  and  what  I  saw  has  firmly  fixed  in  my 
mind  the  truth  of  all  that  we  are  taught  in  the  New  Testament  concern- 
ing the  hereafter.' 

"For  many  years  previous  to  the  great  revival  of  1820-21,  Deacon 
Tileston   was   the   strength  of   the  Church.      He  was  much  more  of  a 

'  This  venerable  and  remarkable  woman  departed  this  life  in  1892,  universally 
honored  and  lamented. 


2  20  History  of  the  CJmrch 

power  among  them  than  Dr.  Flint,  who,  with  his  remarkable  gifts  as  an 
orator  and  his  high  attainments  as  a  scholar,  combined  a  fine  person  and 
elegant  and  dignified  manners.  On  Saturday  afternoon  the  Deacon 
might  be  seen  with  a  basket  full  of  refreshments  for  the  invalids  or  food 
for  the  needy,  and  a  soul  full  of  consolation  for  the  sorrowful  and  afflicted 
ones." 

It  is  but  a  few  days  since,  that  the  present  writer 
was  conversing  with  one  who  united  with  the  South  Church 
in  1827,  and  who,  for  sixty- three  years,  has  walked  in 
uprightness  therein,  with  the  honor  of  all  his  brethren, 
Mr.  Charles  Boardman.  In  the  course  of  the  conversation 
Deacon  Tileston's  name  was  mentioned,  and  my  venerable 
brother's  voice  trembled  with  emotion  and  the  tears  came 
into  his  eyes  as,  after  a  moment's  enforced  silence,  he  spoke 
of  that  "most  godly  man."  "The  memory  of  the  just  is 
blessed." 

Oliver  Ellsworth  Daggett  was  born  in  New  Haven,  Jan- 
uary 14,  1810,  the  son  of  David  Daggett,  who  was  an  eminent 
lawyer  and  a  former  United  States  Senator,  and  Chief  Jus- 
tice of  Connecticut.  He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1828, 
studied  in  the  law-school  at  New  Haven,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1831.  Not  long  afterward  he  decided  to  devote 
himself  to  the  work  of  the  Christian  ministry,  and  entered 
the  Divinity  school,  where  he  studied  for  two  years.  He 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  William  and  Mary  (Marsh) 
Watson,  of  Hartford,  and  had  four  children.  He  was 
settled  here,  as  has  been  stated,  in  1837,  and,  in  1844  was 
called  to  the  Congregational  Church  in  Canandaigua,  New 
York,  where  he  remained  until  the  autumn  of  1867.  He 
then  accepted  a  call  to  Yale  College,  where,  for  three 
years,  he  served  in  the  Divinity  professorship  and  pastorate 
of  the  college  church.  From  187 1  to  1877  he  was  pastor 
of  the  Second  Congregational  Church  in  New  London,  after 
which  time  he  resided  in  Hartford,  preaching  here  and  there 
as  occasion  was  offered.  During  the  summer  of  1881  he 
preached  frequently  in  this  Church,  where  he  was  ever 
cordially  welcomed,  in  the  absence  of  the  Pastor.  On  the 
first  day  of  September,  1880,  shortly  after  midnight,  he  sud- 


OLIVER    ELLSWORTH    DAGGETT 


Lin  shy  —  Vanarsdalen  —  Daggett  —  Clark  221 

denly  and  peacefully  passed  away  from  earth,  at  his  resi- 
dence in  this  city.  The  Sunday  previous  he  had  preached 
in  the  South  Church,  and  thus  ended  his  long  and  useful 
ministry  in  the  sanctuary  where  he  was  first  settled  as 
pastor.  His  funeral  was  attended,  September  4th,  at  the 
South  Church  in  Hartford,  and  the  services  were  conducted 
by  the  Rev.  William  Thompson,  D.D.,  the  Rev.  S.  G.  Buck- 
ingham, D.D.,  and  the  Rev.  W.  W.  Andrews.  Selections 
of  Holy  Scripture  were  read  from  Dr.  Daggett's  manuscript 
Manual  for  such  occasions,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  pro- 
nounced a  tender  funeral  discourse.  On  the  afternoon  of 
the  same  day  funeral  services  were  held  at  the  North 
Church  in  New  Haven,  and  Dr.  Buckingham  made  an 
address.  Not  long  after  his  death  the  addresses  made  at 
these  services  and  various  obituary  notices,  together  with 
personal  tributes,  were  gathered  and  printed  in  a  memorial 
pamphlet. 

Dr.  Daggett  was  a  most  lovable  character.  A  few 
extracts  from  the  numerous  testimonies  published  in  the 
memorial  will  suffice  to  show  in  what  estimation  he  was 
held,  and  how  affectionately  his  memory  was  regarded. 
Rev.  W.  W.  Andrews  said  : 

"  He  was  eminently  a  Christian  gentleman,  in  whom  sweetness  of 
spirit  and  dignity  and  affability  of  manner  were  shown  forth  in  the  pul- 
pit and  in  pastoral  and  social  life." 

Dr.  Buckingham  said  : 

"  He  possessed  naturally  good  judgment,  a  discriminating  intellect, 
rare  literary  taste,  fine  social  qualities,  a  noble  bearing,  a  beautiful  eye, 
and  a  witching  voice,  all  of  which  he  cultivated  diligently  with  reference 
to  his  work  as  a  pastor  and  preacher.  He  had  the  wonderful  faculty,  or 
spiritual  grace  rather,  of  appreciating  whatever  was  good  in  other 
sects." 

Rev.  T.  L.  Shipman  {^Father  Shipman)  said  : 

"  You  do  not  often  meet  his  like  in  a  summer's  day.  Coming  out  of 
church  one  evening  where  he  had  preached,  a  brother  said  to  me,  '  Why 
cannot  we  preach  like  Mr.  Daggett?'  I  replied,  'We  can't  take  off  our 
spectacles  like  him.' " 


222  History  of  the  C/iurch 

Dr.  Burton  said  : 

"  I  find  myself  continually  and  greatly  missing  Dr.  Daggett 
and  he  was  a  man  to  make  an  impression  wherever  he  might  be 
he  was  so  affable  and  brotherly,  and  conversational,  and  intellectual,  and 
I  had  planned  for  him  a  long-protracted  and  blessed  old  age." 

It  may  be  briefly  added  that  Dr.  Daggett  was  no  less 
highly  esteemed  for  his  singular  and  manifold  abilities  than 
loved  for  his  refinement  and  beauty  of  character.  Though 
unassuming,  he  was  inevitably  prominent  among  his  clerical 
brethren.  Like  his  predecessor  here,  Dr.  Flint,  he  was  fa- 
mous for  his  musical  voice  and  for  the  impressive  manner  in 
which  he  read  Scripture  or  hymns,  and  for  the  reverence  of 
demeanor  with  which  he  conducted  all  religious  services. 
He  possessed  a  poetic  temperament,  and  composed  many 
verses,  some  of  which  were  printed  in  a  volume  after  his  de- 
cease. In  public  discourse  he  was  thoughtful,  suggestive, 
and  elaborate.  It  is  rare  that  so  many  graces  and  virtues  of 
mind  and  character  and  person  are  combined  in  one  man.' 

In  1843,  the  Rev.  Joseph  H.  Towne  of  Boston  was  invited 
to  settle  here,  but  declined  the  invitation. 

In  1844,  earnest  endeavors  were  ineffectually  made  to 
induce  the  Rev.  Adam  Reid  of  Salisbury,  Conn.,  to  become 
the  pastor  of  this  Church. 

It  may  be  mentioned  that  in  1838,  the  Hartford  Library 
Association  and  the  Young  Men's  Institute  were  organized, 
followed  in  1841-42,  by  the  Wadsworth  Atheneum.  Late  in 
1839,  the  railroad  from  New  Haven  to  Hartford  was  opened, 
and  to  Springfield  in  1844.  Not  until  1848  could  one  go 
from  Hartford  through  to  New  York  by  railway. 

In  1841,  St.  John's  Episcopal  parish  was  organized,  and  a 
Unitarian  Society  was  also  organized  here  in  1844.     Its  sanc- 

1  Dr.  Daggett,  who  enjoyed  hearing  or  telling  a  good  story,  often  spoke  of  Dr. 
Hawes's  fondness  for  exchanging  pulpits  on  rainy  days.  A  rainy  Sabbath  morning 
was  quite  likely  to  bring  a  message  from  him  proposing  an  exchange.  Some  of  the 
South  Church  people  who  were  glad  to  hear  him,  thought  it  a  "  very  singular  Prov- 
idence which  always  orders  it  to  rain  whenever  Dr.  Hawes  preaches  at  the  South 
Church." 


Linslcy  —  Vanarsdalcn  —  Daggett  —  Clark  223 

tiiary  was  built  in  1845,  and  stood  where  now  is  the  Charter 
Oak  Bank. 

Rev.  Wm.  Patton  came  to  the  Fourth  Church  in  1846,  and 
Rev.  Dr.  Turnbull  to  the  First  Baptist  Church  in  1845. 

In  the  year  1843,  the  sum  of  three  hundred  and  twenty- 
nine  dollars  was  raised  by  subscription  in  this  Society  for  the 
purpose  of  repairing  and  painting  the  interior  of  the  Church 
edifice,  and  a  better  spirit  began  to  prevail  in  the  parish. 
The  report  of  the  Society's  committee  shows  that  Mr.  Virgil 
Corydon  Taylor  was  then  organist  and  choir  leader.  It  also 
shows  a  new  readiness  on  the  part  of  members  of  the  congre- 
gation to  unite  in  endeavors  for  the  welfare  of  the  Church  and 
Society.  Evidently  the  South  Church  had  seen  its  darkest 
days,  and  was  beginning  to  emerge  from  its  difficulties  and 
embarassments. 

In  April,  1845,  the  Rev.  Walter  Clarke  of  Canterbury, 
Conn.,  was  unanimously  called  to  the  pastorate  of  this 
Church  and  Society.  The  salary  offered  him  was  twelve 
hundred  dollars.  He  accepted  the  call,  and  was  duly  installed 
here  on  the  fourth  of  June,  1845.  Rev.  Edward  Hooker,  D.D., 
of  East  Windsor,  preached  the  installation  sermon.  Dr. 
Hawes  offered  the  installing  prayer.  Dr.  Noah  Porter  of 
Farmington  gave  the  charge  to  the  pastor,  and  Dr.  Bushnell 
extended  to  him  the  right  hand  of  fellowship. 

Dr.  Clarke  came  to  this  Church  at  a  favorable  time,  when 
its  prospects  were  fairer  than  they  had  been  for  many  years. 
But  he  contributed  greatly  to  its  growth  and  unity  and  wel- 
fare. He  was  an  able  preacher,  a  sagacious  pastor,  and  not 
only  harmonized  the  existing  discordant  elements  in  the  par- 
ish, but  gathered  about  him  new  and  strong  men,  and  in- 
spired them  all  with  confidence  and  energ)^  The  report  of 
the  Society's  committee  for  1846  shows  a  great  improvement 
in  the  financial  condition  of  the  parish,  and  congratulates  the 
Society  on  their  very  favorable  prospects. 

Twenty-four  persons  were  received  into  the  Church  that 
year,  among  whom  was  Seth  -Terry,  formerly  of  the  First 
Church,  and  afterwards  a  member  of  the  North  Church,  and 


2  24  History  of  the  Church 

one  of  the  remarkable  men  of  Hartford  for  many  years.  He 
was  elected  deacon  of  this  church  in  1847,  and  continued  in 
the  office  until  his  death  in  1865. 

Early  in  1847,  the  Society  adopted  measures  for  building 
a  new  lecture  room,  and  in  the  autumn  of  the  same  year  the 
work  was  completed.  It  is  that  western  part  of  the  present 
edifice  which  fronts  on  Buckingham  street,  and  forms  a  tran- 
sept to  the  main  building.  It  was  built  in  two  stories,  fur- 
nishing chapels  on  the  first  floor,  and  commodious  wSunday- 
school  room  on  the  second  floor.  The  excellent  plans  for 
this  building  were  drawn  by  Mr.  Joseph  Camp  of  Hartford. 
The  new  building  was  dedicated  on  the  evening  of  Septem- 
ber 14,  1847,  and  the  Pastor  preached  "an  interesting  and 
appropriate  sermon  on  the  occasion."  The  cost  of  the  chapel, 
including  the  ground  on  which  it  was  built  and  the  furni- 
ture of  it,  was  somewhat  over  four  thousand  dollars,  a  fourth 
part  of  which  sum  was  raised  by  subscription,  and  the  resi- 
due was  provided  by  adding  to  the  debt  of  the  Society,  which 
was  thus  raised  to  about  nineteen  thousand  dollars. 

In  1848,  one  hundred  dollars  was  appropriated  to  hire  "a 
female  singer  in  the  choir,"  and  a  special  grant  of  five  hun- 
dred dollars  was  made  to  the  pastor. 

In  1850,  the  "  Old  Parsonage  House"  on  Main  street,  was 
finally  sold  for  forty-two  hundred  dollars.  Dr.  Linsley  was 
the  last  of  the  ministers  who  occupied  it. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Society's  committee,  in  1853, 
signed  by  H.  F.  Sumner,  Peter  D.  Stillman,  and  James  Ash- 
mead,  begins  as  follows: 

"  Our  present  annual  meeting  is  marked  by  the  absence  of  many  of 
our  early  friends  and  liberal  supporters  of  this  Society,  .  .  .  who, 
within  the  last  year,  have  withdrawn  themselves  .  .  .  to  a  new 
field  of  usefulness. 

The  withdrawal  thus  referred  to  was  for  the  purpose  of 
uniting  with  others  from  the  several  Congregational  chiirches 
of  the  city  to  form  the  Pe^arl  Street  Church,  whose  beautiful 
house  of  worship  was  dedicated  in  1852.     Among  the  strong 


Li/islcy  —  Vanarsdalen  —  Daggett  —  Clarke  225 

men  who  thus  withdrew  to  join  the  Pearl  Street  Chureh 
w^ere  D.  F.  Robinson,  Deacon  A.  W.  Butler,  Newton  Case, 
Nelson  Hollister,  and  John  B.  Corning.  Their  departure 
was  a  great  loss  to  this  Society,  but  one  which  was  incurred 
with  grateful  recognition  of  their  past  services  and  of  their 
present  purposes.  A  Presbyterian  Church  had  meanwhile 
been  organized  in  the  city,  and  the  Roman  Catholics  had 
erected  the  edifice  known  as  St.  Patrick's  Church.     In  June, 

185 1,  the  Church  voted  ^approv^al  of  the  recently  organized 
Youn^  Men's  City  Missionary  Society,  and  recommended 
the  members  of  this  Church  and  Society  to  contribute  for  its 
support.  In  1 85 1  furnaces  were  introduced  into  the  Church, 
and  oil  lamps  gave  way  to  gas  in  1852. 

About  this  time  the  Society  united  wnth  the  trustees  of 
the  Stanley  estate  in  securing  an  act  of  the  Legislature  au- 
thorizing the  sale  of  that  part  of  said  estate  lying  on  the 
Wethersfield  road,  and  in  due  time  the  property  aforesaid 
was  sold  to  Colonel  Samuel  Colt  for  the  sum  of  six  thousand 
dollars.  vSubsequently  similar  action  w^as  taken  with  respect 
to  other  portions  of  the  Stanley  estate,  and  thus  the  entire 
estate  was  gradually  disposed  of. 

A  new  bell  was  hung  in  the  steeple  of  the  Church  in 

1852,  at  an  expense  of  three  hundred  and  forty  dollars. 

In  1853  extensive  alterations  of  the  sanctuary  were 
made,  by  w^iich  the  audience-room  was  considerably  enlarged 
and  improved,  and  put  into  substantially  its  present  form  and 
arrangement.  The  cost  of  these  alterations,  including  suit- 
able furniture  and  various  repairs,  was  about  fifteen  thou- 
sand dollars.  Five  thousand  dollars  w^as  raised  by  subscrip- 
tion, and  new  scrip  or  stock  was  issued,  to  the  considerable 
increase  of  the  Society's  standing  debt. 

In  1853  the  First  Baptist  Society  erected  their  present 
house  of  worship,  and  in  1854  the  South  Baptist  Society 
completed  their  new  sanctuary.  The  Church  was  in  a 
flourishing  condition  throughout  Dr.  Clarke's  pastorate. 
Peter  D.  Stillman  was  chosen  deacon  in  1852,  and  continued 
in  the  office  until  his  death  in  1880.  Lucius  Barbour,  Dr.  A. 
15 


226  History  of  the  Church 

W.  Barrows,  and  Thomas  H.  Welles  were  chosen  deacons  in 
1858.  Mr.  Barbour  resigned  in  1865,  Dr.  Barrows  in  1873, 
and  Mr.  Welles  died  in  the  service  in  1887. 

In  1852  seventy  persons,  and  in  1858  seventy-five  per- 
sons, were  added  to  the  Church.  Several  somewhat  painful 
cases  of  discipline  occurred  during  Dr.  Clarke's  ministry 
here  —  some  of  them  for  offences  against  morality,  and 
others  for  departures  from  the  faith.  Having  had  occasion 
to  carefully  peruse  the  records  of  the  Church's  disciplinary 
dealings  in  many  and  various  cases,  and  under  the  superin- 
tendence of  several  pastors,  it  inay  not  be  impertinent  to  re- 
mark here  that  the  former  usage  of  spreading  the  report  of 
such  proceedings  on  the  pages  of  the  Church  Book  is  open 
to  serious  objections.  It  has  been  justly  condemned  and 
abandoned  in  this  Church.  But  the  present  writer  would 
gladly  testify  that  the  records  of  this  ('hurch  show  that  in 
all  such  cases  of  discipline  the  officers  of  the  Church  have 
ever  exhibited  a  most  kindly,  considerate,  patient,  and  for- 
bearing spirit.  They  have  ever  chiefly  sought  the  reforma- 
tion and  restoration  of  offenders,  and  never  their  injury  or 
exclusion.  It  is  a  pleasant  privilege  to  bear  this  testimony. 
Even  those  who  were  "  cut  off "  for  "  departures  from  the 
faith  "  were  most  kindly  entreated,  and  action  was  not  taken 
against  them  until  they  had  explicitly  declared  their  aban- 
donment of  christian  belief  and  of  covenant  engagements. 

One  other  thing  must  be  mentioned  here,  and  that  is  the 
unfortunate  attitude  maintained  by  this  Church  for  many 
years  to  the  North  Church  and  to  its  pastor.  Dr.  Bushnell. 
It  matters  not  that  other  churches  in  Hartford  maintained 
the  same  attitude.  For  many  years  none  of  Dr.  Bushnell's 
Congregational  brethren  in  the  cit}^  would  exchange  pulpits 
with  him,  or  unite  with  him  in  any  general  work  for  the 
common  welfare.  It  is  to  the  credit  of  the  South  Baptist 
Church  that  its  pastor,  Dr.  Murdoch,  was  willing  to  be  in  fel- 
lowship with  him.  The  rector  of  Christ  Church,  Rev.  Thomas 
M.  Clark,  was  also  his  warm  friend.  There  is  no  need  to 
review  the  situation  at  that  time.     The  facts  suffice.     In  due 


> 


Linsky  —  Vanarsdalcn  —  Daggett  —  Clarke  227 

time  Dr.  Hawes's  largc-heartedness  triumphed  ov'er  all 
other  considerations,  and  he  yielded  to  Dr.  Bushnell's  move- 
ment of  brotherly  love  upon  him  ;  and  these  two  great, 
good  men  had  sweet  intercourse  in  their  declining  years, 
and  beautiful  it  was  to  behold  their  dissimilarities  dissolving 
in  substantial  and  spiritual  agreement.  But  the  South 
iChurch,  much  to  the  grief  of  many  of  its  members,  pursued 
Xja  policy  of  non-intercourse  and  exclusion  towards  Dr.  Bush- 
nell  until  the  year  i860.  How  cordially  his  reappearance  in 
the  pulpit  of  this  Church  was  then  welcomed  many  will  re- 
member. Thenceforth  he  frequently  preached  here,  and 
during  two  vacations  of  the  pastor  his  services  as  a  preacher 
were  sought  and  secured.  Early  in  the  year  of  1859  Dr. 
Clarke  announced  that  he  had  received  a  call  to  the  Mercer 
Street  Presbyterian  Church  in  New  York  city,  and  had  ac- 
cepted the  same,  subject  to  the  decision  of  an  ecclesiastical 
council,  and  asked  the  Church  and  Society  to  unite  with  him 
in  calling  a  council  for  the  consideration  of  the  case.  This 
request  was  complied  with,  and  the  council  convened  Jan- 
uary 28,  1859.  The  North  Church  was  not  represented  in 
this  council,  although  Dr.  Bushnell  had  resigned  its  pas- 
torate. The  council  declared  the  dissolution  of  Dr.  Clarke's 
pastoral  relation  to  this  Church  and  Society,  accompanying 
this  action  with  resolutions  warmly  commending  their  re- 
tiring brother  for  his  ability  and  faithfulness.  The  Church 
put  upon  their  records  an  expression  of  their  great  respect 
and  affection  for  Dr,  Clarke,  with  whom  they  reluctantly 
parted.  Under  his  ministry  of  almost  fourteen  years  great 
changes  occurred  in  this  city,  which  need  not  be  particularly 
specified.  The  South  side  of  the  city  had  outgrown  a  cer- 
tain kind  of  rusticity,  and  become  greatly  improved  in  all 
respects.  The  city,  which  in  1840  numbered  about  thirteen 
thousand  people  (including  East  and  West  Hartford),  in  i860 
had  a  population  of  nearly  thirty  thousand,  not  counting  the 
people  of  East  and  West  Hartford.  The  Hartford  Hospital 
had  been  opened,   Trinity  Church  had    been  organized  on 


2  28  History  of  the  Church 

Asylum  Hill,  and  the  City  Missionary  Society  had  been  or- 
ganized. 

Rev.  Walter  Clarke,  son  of  Warner  B.  and  Abigail 
A.  Clarke,  was  born  in  Middletown,  Connecticut,  April  5, 
1812  ;  removed  with  his  family  to  Farmington,  1837  ;  taught 
in  Waterbury ;  began  to  study  law ;  taught  in  Mobile, 
Alabama;  studied  one  term  at  Yale  Divinity  School,  1840; 
settled  at  Canterbury,  Conn.,  May  18,  1842,  whence  he 
came  to   Hartford  in    1845. 

His  first  wife  was  Mary  A.,  daughter  of  Cyrus  Clark 
of  Waterbury,  and  she  died  in  Hartford,  February  4,  1849. 
In  1850  he  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Dea.  Seth  Terry 
of  Hartford.  He  had  one  daughter,  by  adoption,  and  a  son, 
Rev.  Samuel  Taylor  Clarke.  He  was  installed  as  pastor 
of  the  Mercer  Street  Presbyterian  Church  in  New  York 
city,  February,  1859,  and  became  pastor  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church  in  Buffalo,  February,  1861,  where  he 
died,  May  22,  1871.  His  burial  was  in  the  North  Cemetery 
of  this  city. 

On  the  Sabbath  evening  after  his  burial,  the  pastor  of 
the  South  Church  closed  a  discourse  on  the  text,  "  Well 
done,  good  and  faithful  servant,"  with  the  following  words  : 

"  My  text  and  topic  were  suggested  by  the  somewhat  sudden  death 
of  my  predecessor  in  this  pastorate,  Rev.  Dr.  Walter  Clarke.  I  am 
not  competent  to  speak  of  his  life  and  labors  except  in  the  most  general 
way,  for  I  did  not  know  him.  But  his  death  demands  some  special 
notice  in  this  Church  and  from  this  pulpit.  Thirteen  years  have  wrought 
great  changes  in  this  Church  and  congregation,  but  a  goodly  number 
still  remain  who  knew  him  and  loved  him.  Many  of  you  were  brought 
as  little  children  to  receive  baptism  at  his  hands.  Some  of  you  were 
roused  by  his  preaching  and  guided  by  his  counsel  to  a  knowledge  of  the 
Saviour.  Some  of  you  he  joined  in  wedlock.  His  words  of  consolation 
and  holy  prayers  have  ministered  to  your  afflictions.  For  fourteen  years 
he  was  your  pastor,  faithful,  industrious,  and  successful  Here  his  name 
became  known.  His  influence  steadily  and  rapidly  grew,  and  was 
felt  far  and  wide  among  the  churches  of  this  State.  Two  precious 
revivals  were  experienced  during  his  ministry  here,  and  his  labors  were 
all  the  while  fruitful. 

"  Here  then,  in  this  sanctuary,  where  for  so  many  years  he  preached 


WALTER   CLARKE 


Linslcy  —  Vanarsdalcn  —  Daggett  —  Clarke  229 

the  (lospel,  and  ministered  at  the  altar,  as  is  most  fitting,  we  reverently 
pronounce  his  name,  and  pay  a  tender  tribute  to  his  memory,  and 
affectionately  and  sadly  say  farewell  to  his  earthl}'  presence.  Were 
it  practicable,  we  would  that  his  silent  form  might  be  laid  in  this  place 
where  he  served  so  long,  for  the  last  funeral  rites,  ere  it  is  committed 
to  the  final  resting  place.  Once  again,  and  no  less  solemnly  and  power- 
fully than  of  old,  would  he,  being  dead,  speak  to  us  all.  He  was  a  ser- 
vant of  God.  He  was  a  good  and  faithful  servant.  That  in  the  last 
hours  of  life  he  had  no  other  rest  or  stay  than  the  grace  of  God,  is 
evident  from  his  repetition  with  failing  breath  of  that  well-known  line, 

'  Simply  to  thy  cross  I  cling  ! ' 
—  gazing  earnestly,  meanwhile,  upon  a  picture  of  the  cross.  Of  his  own 
work  he  would  doubtless  have  said,  '  It  was  very  imperfectly  done.'  Of 
it  we  say,  '  It  was  well  done.'  We  believe  that  he  waked  up  into  life 
eternal  to  the  music  of  the  Master's  welcome  —  'Well  done,  good 
and  faithful  servant.'  Such  service  let  us  strive  to  render.  May  they 
who  on  earth  survive  us,  and  He  who  ever  liveth  in  Heaven  above 
us,  say  of  us  when  we  also  depart,  'Well  done,  good  and  faithful 
servants.' " 

/  In  1859,  after  the  dismissal  of  Dr.  Bushnell  from  the 
North  Church,  the  Rev.  Charles  D.  Helmer  came  there 
to  preach.  The  same  year  the  South  Church  and  Society 
gave  him  a  unanimous  call  to  become  their  Pastor,  which 
call  Mr.  Helmer  declined. 

In  October,  1859,  the  Church  and  Society  voted  unan- 
imously to  extend  a  call  to  Edwin  Pond  Parker  of  Belfast, 
Maine,  to  settle  with  them  as  their  Pastor,  offering  him 
a  salary  of  two  thousand  dollars,  and  generously  granting 
him  full  permission,  should  he  accept  the  call,  to  relieve 
himself  of  undue  labor,  during  the  first  year,  by  such  means 
as  should  seem  to  him  desirable.  The  call  was  accepted, 
and  the  time  fixed  for  his  ordination  and  installation  was 
January  11,  i860,  at  which  time  he  was  duly  ordained  and 
settled  in  the  ministry  here. 


CHAPTER   VHP 

REV.  EDWIN  POND  PARKER,  D.D.,  iS6o 

The  Ecclesiastical  Council,  invited  by  letters  missive 
from  the  Second  Church  of  Christ  in  Hartford,  with  a  view 
to  the  ordination  of  Edwin  Pond  Parker  as  pastor,  convened 
at  the  chapel  of  said  Church,  Jan.  ii,  i860,  at  eleven  o'clock, 
A.  M.  The  First,  North,  Fourth,  and  Pearl  Street  Churches 
of  Hartford,  and  the  churches  in  East  and  West  Hartford, 
Wethersfield,  Newington,  and  Springfield  were  represented. 
Drs.  Walter  Clarke,  Samuel  Harris,  and  R.  G.  Vermilye  were 
also  members  of  the  Council.  The  Rev.  Messrs.  B.  B. 
Beardsley,  E.  J.  Hawes,  Thomas  Childs,  C.  Little,  G.  D.  F. 
Folsom,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  E.  A.  Lawrence,  being  present, 
were  invited  to  sit  with  the  Council.  Rev.  Dr.  Spring  of 
East  Hartford  was  chosen  Moderator,  and  Rev.  M.  N.  Morris 
of  West  Hartford,  Scribe.  The  usual  course  was  taken,  and 
the  Council  finally  voted,  "  that  we  approve  of  Mr.  Parker, 
and  that  we  will  proceed  to  ordain  and  install  him  pastor  of 
the  Church,  at  seven  o'clock  in  the  evening." 

The  services  of  ordination  and  installation  were  held  at 
the  appointed  hour  in  the  church.  Rev.  N.  J.  Burton  read 
the  Scriptures,  Rev.  G.  N.  Webber  offered  prayer.  Dr.  Samuel 
Harris  (whose  daughter  the  new  pastor  had  recently  married) 
preached  the  sermon,  Dr.  Hawes  offered  the  ordaining 
prayer,  Dr.  Clarke  gave  the  charge.  Rev.  Mr.  Drummond 
gave  the  right  hand  of  fellowship.  Rev.  Mr.  Colton  offered 

1  For  several  reasons  it  seems  best  that  the  foregoing  history  should  be  supple- 
mented by  a  chapter  containing  some  account  of  the  course  of  events  in  the  Church 
and  Society  during  the  writer's  pastorate  of  more  than  thirty  years'  duration. 
Many  of  the  facts  which  have  come  within  the  field  of  his  pastoral  observation  and 
experience  might  escape  the  attention  or  perplex  the  study  of  another.  The  indul- 
gence of  the  reader  is  craved  for  the  inevitable  personal  element  in  this  chapter. 


V 


^utunyuo    ^^fGiAjDO  \HxAJ<JlAy 


Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parker  231 

the  concluding  prayer,  and  the  pastor  pronounced  the  bene- 
diction. 

The  scenes  and  discussions  in  the  Council  during-  the 
theological  examination,  and  the  controversy  which  ensued 
must,  however,  be  noticed,  for  the  case  possesses  some 
historic  interest. 

For  many  years  Connecticut  had  been  the  battle-ground 
of  contending  theological  parties —  Taylor  versus  Tyler,  New 
Haven  versus  East  Windsor  —  with  pastors  like  Drs.  Hawes, 
Bacon,  Spring,  Button,  etc.,  prominent  among  those  who 
were  suspected  and  accused,  by  their  opponents,  of  gradually 
departing  from  the  old  foundations  of  orthodoxy.  The 
ministers  and,  through  them,  the  churches  were  divided  in 
their  sympathies  and  attachments.  Dr.  Hawes,  for  instance, 
and,  presumably,  his  Church,  were  counted  among  the  ad- 
herents of  the  New  Haven  theology  or  school.  Dr.  Walter 
Clarke  and  his  body-guard  in  the  Second  Church  were  very 
pronounced  for  the  opposite  school.  The  long,  bitter,  and 
trying  controversy  occasioned  by  Dr.  Bushnell's  utterances 
and  publications  had  still  further  complicated  matters,  and 
intensified  existing  suspicions  and  antagonisms.  Into  this 
condition  of  things  the  pastor-elect  of  this  Second  Church 
had  come,  at  the  age  of  twenty-three  years,  fresh  from 
Bangor  Seminary,  and  a  total  stranger  to  Connecticut's 
theological  controversies  and  ecclesiastical  politics.' 

>  The  Hartford  Couratit,  June  29,  1892,  editorially  notices  a  pamphlet  entitled 
"Family  Records,  Parker  —  Pond  —  Peck,  by  the  Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parker,  D.D., 
Hartford,  Conn.,"  and  says  : 

"These  records  show  that  although  Dr.  Parker  was  born  in  Maine  and  came  to 
Hartford  in  i860,  yet  Connecticut  was  his  real  home.  He  is  the  direct  descendant, 
in  the  seventh  generation,  of  William  Parker,  an  original  householder  of  Hartford, 
who  had  his  lot  on  what  is  now  Trumbull  street,  and  removed  to  Say  brook  in  1649, 
where  the  family  remained  for  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  years,  and  where 
branches  of  it  still  remain.  Again,  through  his  grandmother,  Mary  Peck  of  Wood- 
bridge,  Conn.,  daughter  of  Lieutenant  Titus  Peck,  Dr.  Parker  is  directly  descended 
from  Henry  Peck,  one  of  the  first  settlers  of  New  Haven. 

"Moreover,  through  his  mother,  who  is  the  daughter  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Enoch 
Pond,  Dr.  Parker  was  related  to  the  late  Dr.  Oliver  Ellsworth  Daggett,  a  former 
Pastor  of  the  Second  Church  of  Hartford,  over  which  he  himself  is  settled,  and  also, 
remotely,  to  Dr.  Joel  Hawes." 

This  Family  Record,  to  be  found  in  the  Historical  Society,  also  shows  that  Dr. 


232  History  of  the  Church 

Unconscious  of  holding  any  heretical  opinions,  and  with- 
out any  experience  of  ecclesiastical  councils,  the  candidate 
appeared  before  the  august  body  which  had  assembled  for 
his  examination,  and  read  a  written  statement  of  his  theo- 
logical beliefs.  This  statement  contained  no  intentional 
reference  or  allusion  to  the  question  of  future  or  continued 
probation,  for  up  to  that  hour  the  candidate  had  never 
seriously  considered  that  question. 

The  reading  of  this  statement  was  followed  by  a  pro- 
tracted and,  to  the  candidate,  a  perplexing  oral  examination. 
The  doctrines  of  the  Trinit}^  Inspiration,  and  Depravity 
were  brought  into  the  examination,  and  many  questions 
asked  to  which  qualified  answers  were  made.  But  in  some 
way  and  for  some  reason,  the  then  novel  question  of  a 
possible  probation  after  death,  for  some  people,  was  brought 
into  the  examination,  and  at  that  point  the  trouble  began. 

To  the  searching  questions  put  to  him  the  candidate 
found  himself  unable  to  give  satisfactory  answers — unwill- 
ing to  affirm  that,  in  all  cases,  probation  terminates  with  this 
life.  The  excitement  of  the  hour  was  subdued  but  intense. 
Many  members  of  the  Council  were  surprised  and  grieved. 
A  few  were  shocked  and  set  in  opposition  to  further  proceed- 
ings. For,  driven  to  bay,  the  candidate  had  finally  and 
explicitly  declared,  as  the  sum  and  substance  of  all  that  he 
held  on  the  question,  that  "  God  would  give  every  man  a 
fair  chance  !  " 

In  this  declaration,  that  most  courteous  and  kindly 
Christian  gentleman.  Dr.  Vermilye,  found  the  "  true  explana- 
tion "  and  "source  of  all  the  young  Pastor's  difficulties."  It 
was  regarded  as  "  a  most  unfortunate  expression  "  !  The  ex- 
amination was  finally  concluded,  and  the  vote  of  approval 
was  not  quite  unanimous. 

Parker,  son  of  Rev.  Wooster  Parker,  was  born  at  Castine,  Maine,  Jan.  13,  1836 ; 
graduated  at  Bowdoin  College,  1856,  and  at  Bangor  Seminary,  1859  i  ^^^  married, 
Nov.  I,  1859,  Lucy  M.  Harris,  daughter  of  Rev.  Samuel  Harris,  D.D.  Of  their  eight 
children  two  died  in  infancy.  The  others,  viz.,  Harris:  Lily  Pond,-w\ieoi  Morris 
Penrose ;  Lewis  Darling;  Mary  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Fred.  C.  Billings ;  Burton  .•  and 
Robert  Prescott,  are  now  residents  of  this  town,  of  which  their  ancestor,  William 
Parker,  was  an  original  settler.     See  also  page  97. 


Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parker  233 

Sittino-  in  that  Council,  not  as  having- been  called  thereto, 
but  by  irregular  invitation  of  it,  were  sev^eral  ministers,  one 
of  whom  was  pastor  of  a  Presbyterian  Church  in  Hartford, 
and  somewhat  locally  celebrated  for  his  skill  as  a  controver- 
sialist, and  also  for  his  extreme  theological  conservatism. 
He  also  had  the  reputation  of  being  quick  and  eager  to  note 
and  report  any  supposed  signs  of  theological  unsoundness  in 
the  Congregational  churches  of  the  vicinity.  From  his 
peculiar  standpoint  and  watch-tower,  the  case  seemed  alarm- 
ing and  well  deserving  a  wider  publicity.  His  report  of  the 
case  was  published  in  the  Netv  York  Observer,  and  that  excel- 
lent paper  blew  its  trumpet  loudly  to  warn  all  Zion.  Then 
followed  a  lively  public  discussion.  The  Independent  pro- 
nounced the  report  of  Dr.  Childs,  "a  calumnious  article." 
The  Congregaiionalist  denounced  it.  The  Recorder  approved 
it.  Drs.  Hawes  and  Spring  prepared  several  letters  in  de- 
fense of  the  Council,  which  were  published  in  the  Observer, 
Dr.  Samuel  Harris  published  an  article  in  the  Recorder.  Dr. 
Childs  replied  to  his  opponents  with  characteristic  subtlety 
and  skill.  Dr.  Vermilye  made  public  his  view  of  the  matter, 
in  his  dignified  and  gentlemanly  way.  The  "  young  pastor  " 
wrote  one  bubbling  letter  to  the  Observer,  for  which  he  re- 
ceived considerable  cold  editorial  comfort  ;  and  so  the  battle 
raged  awhile.  The  older  heads  began  to  see  that  the  real 
object  of  assault  was  not  the  comparatively  insignificant 
"  young  pastor,"  but  the  Congregational  Council,  and  partic- 
ularly such  representative  members  of  it  as  Drs.  Hawes  and 
Spring  ;  and,  in  due  time,  the  "young  pastor  "  himself  per- 
ceived that  his  little  soul  was  not  in  great  peril  among  these 
theological  lions,  since  they  much  preferred  to  devour  each 
the  other.  All  this  fiery  literature  was  soon  gathered  up  and 
published  in  a  pamphlet,  now  exceeding  rare,  entitled  "The 
Hartford  Ordination."  The  same  year,  i860,  was  published 
another  pamphlet,  touching  the  whole  matter,  by  "  a  clergy- 
man of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church."  That  same  year 
occurred  the  "  Manchester  case,"  which  was,  in  some  respects, 


234  History  of  the  CJiurch 

a  repetition  of  the  Hartford  case.  The  Rev.  Lester  M.  Dor- 
man,  on  his  theological  examination,  expressed  similar  incer- 
titudes concerning-  probation,  and  was  disapproved  by  a 
Council.  A  second  Council,  of  which  Drs.  Hawesand  Spring 
were  members,  approved  and  ordained  him,  and  the  reporter 
of  the  Hartford  Council  added  this  offense  to  the  former  one.' 

So  much  for  that  somewhat  memorable  ordination  or 
rather  Council  of  i860,  in  Hartford,  which  probably  accom- 
plished something  in  the  way  of  broadening  Christian  thought 
and  fellowship  in  the  Congregational  churches,  for  which 
good  result,  thanks  are  especially  due  to  the  good  sense, 
charitableness,  and  Christian  manliness  of  Dr.  Joel  Hawes. 

The  deacons  of  the  Church  at  that  time,  were  Seth 
Terry,  Peter  D.  Stillman,  J.  Hubbard  Wells,  Lucius  Bar- 
bour, and  A.  W.  Barrows.  Dr.  Barrows,  now  of  the  Park 
Church,  is  the  only  survivor.  The  Society's  Committee  were 
P.  D.  Stillman,  Lucius  Barbour,  Marshall  Jewell,  E.  D.  Tif- 
fany, and  George  S.  Oilman,  and  they  all  have  gone  hence. 

William  Blatchley  was  clerk  of  both  Church  and  Society. 
Mr.  James  Goodman  was  superintendent  of  the  Sunday- 
school,  and  his  assistants  were  H  C.  Robinson  and  Elizabeth 
Cooledge.  James  Parker  was  secretary  and  George  S.  Gil- 
man  and  Seth  Clark  were  librarians.  Mr.  Charles  Hunting- 
ton was  organist  and  choir  leader,  and  Mrs.  Huntington  sang 
in  her  own  sweet  and  remarkable  way.  Mr.  Foley,  then  a 
stalwart  Irish  carpenter,  but  some  years  later  an  Italian 
celebrity,  known  in  all  the  capitals  of  Europe  as  Signor  Foli, 
was  the  bass  singer,  and  his  matchless  voice  was  the  delight 
of  lovers  of  music  in  Hartford  at  that  time. 

It  was  then  the  custom  to  have  morning  and  afternoon 
service,  but  the  second  service  was  soon  appointed  for  even- 
ing, and  has  so  continued  to  the  present  time.  The  Congre- 
gational churches  of  Hartford  then  had  meetings  on  Tues- 
day and  Thursday  evenings,  the  one  a  prayer  meeting,  and 
the  other  a  lecture.     Few  attended  the  lecture,  and  very  few 

1  Mr.  Dorman  afterwards  found  repose  in  the  bosom  of  the  Episcopal  Church, 
whither,  in  1890,  Dr.  Childs  followed  him. 


Rev.  Echvin  Pond  Parker  235 

the  prayer  meeting.  The  lecture,  a  tradition  of  the  elders, 
had  the  right  of  way.  The  forms  of  public  worship  were 
bleak  and  bare.  In  the  First  Church  the  Scriptures  were 
not  read  at  the  afternoon  service.  It  had  not  entered  into 
the  minds  of  Congregationalists  to  use  the  Lord's  Prayer,  the 
Creed,  or  chants,  in  worship,  or  to  observe  Christmas  or  Easter 
religiously.  The  hymn-book  then  in  use  was  the  old  Con- 
necticut Psalms  and  Hyi/nis  without  music,  and  the  choir  sang 
the  hymns  to  music  selected  from  some  of  the  numerous 
"  singing  books  "  of  that  time,  noticeable  among  which  was 
the  collection  by  H.  W.  Greatorex,  a  Hartford  musician.  In 
i860  the  Second  Church  adopted  the  Sabbath  Hymn-Book,  with 
music,  but  congregational  singing  did  not  flourish  much. 

The  House  of  Worship,  within  and  without,  presented  a 
depressing  aspect.  The  old  windows  with  inside  shutters, 
were  very  rickety  and  dirty.  From  floor  to  ceiling  every- 
thing needed  cleansing  and  renewal.  The  pulpit  was  a  semi- 
circular sort  of  fortress  constructed  of  pine  wood  and  painted. 
Behind  and  above  the  pulpit  there  was  a  huge  window, 
through  which,  from  the  Sunday-school  room,  mischievous 
boys  or  wandering  mice  sometimes  caused  grotesque  figures 
to  appear  to  the  congregation.  As  for  the  exterior,  it  wore 
an  aspect  of  neglect  and  dilapidation.  The  main  part  showed 
traces  of  the  red  paint  with  which  its  walls  had  once  been 
covered,  and  the  coat  of  white  paint  in  which  the  spire  had 
been  dressed,  was  worn  to  raggedness.  The  Chapel  had 
never  been  painted.  There  was  no  fence,  and  the  north 
yard,  now  so  tastefull)^  kept,  looked  but  little  better  than  the 
miserable  mud-hole  across  the  street. 

As  for  the  city  in  general,  almost  all  the  fine  edifices 
which  now  adorn  its  streets  have  been  erected  since  i860. 
Charter  Oak  Hill  was  marked  by  two  or  three  dwellings. 
Asylum  Hill  was  out  in  the  country.  The  South  Green  was 
an  untidy  common,  open  to  all  sorts  of  invasion.  Main  Street, 
uncurbed,  was  the  city  race-course  in  winter.  There  were, 
however,  many  fine  trees  along  Main  Street,  which  have 
disappeared. 


236  History  of  the  Church 

In  the  First  Church  was  Dr.  Hawes,  "  Pope  Hawes,"  as 
he  once  described  himself  to  Father  Brady's  astonished  ser- 
vant. Rev.  G.  N.  Webber  was  pastor  of  the  North  Church, 
and  Rev.  N.  J.  Burton,  of  the  Fourth  Church.  Rev.  Elias  R. 
Beadle,  D.U.,  had  about  him,  in  the  Pearl  Street  Church,  a 
host  of  young  men.  Dr.  TurnbuU  was  pastor  of  the  First 
Baptist  Church,  Rev.  Cephas  B.  Crane  was  settled  that  year  in 
the  South  Baptist  Church,  and  Rev.  T.  M.  Burch  was  serv- 
ing in  the  Methodist  Church.  In  Christ  Church  was  Rev. 
Mr.  Abercrombie,  and  Henry  Wilson  with  his  famous  choir 
was  there.  Father  Fisher  was  at  St.  Paul's,  and  Dr.  E.  A. 
Washburne  at  St.  John's.  Rev.  Asher  Moore  was  in  the  Uni- 
versalist  Church,  and  in  i860  his  congregation  occupied  their 
present  sanctuary.  Dr.  Burton  created  no  little  commotion 
among  the  orthodox  folk  by  preaching  one  Sunday  in  the 
Universalist  Church.  St.  Peter's  was  described  by  the  Times, 
in  i860,  as  "a  flourishing  little  Church."  Father  Kelly  was 
there.  His  flock  was  gathered  in  a  building  which  had  been, 
in  succession,  a  schoolhouse,  a  Methodist  Church,  and  a  free 
chapel,  and  over  and  about  it  the  present  edifice  was  builded. 
Dr.  Thomas  S.  Childs  was  Pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
then  located  on  Main  Street.  The  Jewish  congregation  was 
at  400  Main  Street.  The  Unitarian  Church  stood  where 
now  is  the  Charter  Oak  Bank.  It  was  sold  that  year, 
taken  down  and  rebuilt  on  Asj^lum  Hill,  and  consecrated  as 
Trinity  Church.  "  The  stone  which  the  (Unitarian)  builders 
rejected  became  the  head  of  the  (Episcopal)  corner."  Rev. 
Myron  N.  Morris  was  in  West  Hartford.  Dr.  Spring  was 
in  East  Hartford,  and  venerable  Dr.  Noah  Porter  was  still 
at  Farmington.  Dr.  Perrin  and  Rev.  Mr.  Goodell  were 
in  New  Britain.  Trinity  College  stood  where  now  is  the 
State  Capitol,  and  Rev.  Daniel  Goodwin  was  President 
thereof,  succeeded  that  same  year  by  Samuel  Elliot.  Bishop 
Brownell  resided  here.  The  Hartford  High  School  was  then 
in  a  building  at  the  corner  of  Asylum  and  Ann  Streets,  with 
Mr.  T.  W.  T.  Curtis  as  principal,  and  Samuel  M.  Capron  as 


Rev.  Eibuin  Pond  Parker  237 

principal  of  the  classical  department.  The  Hartford  Female 
Seminary  on  Pratt  Street,  Miss  Ranney  principal,  was  then  a 
flourishing  institution,  and  Miss  Draper's  Seminary  on  Trum- 
bull Street  was  prosperous.  The  City  Missionary  Society 
had  just  been  founded,  and  Father  Hawley  was  its  mis- 
sionary. Hon.  W.J.  Hamersley  was  Postmaster;  Henry 
C.  Deming-  was  Mayor ;  Wm.  A.  Buckingham  was  Gov- 
ernor of  the  State.  Allyn  Hall  was  as  yet  unbuilt,  and 
Touro  Hall  was  the  best  here.  In  i860,  the  new  Methodist 
Church  on  Asylum  Street  was  dedicated,  and  the  Hartford 
Hospital  was  first  opened  for  the  reception  of  patients.  ]\Ir. 
Dudley  Buck  was  studying  music  in  Germany.  That  year 
Dr.  Hawes  preached  a  sermon  commemorative  of  the  forty- 
third  anniversary  of  his  settlement  as  pastor  of  the  First 
Church ;  also  his  sermons  on  tobacco,  concerning  which 
numerous  anecdotes  have  been  in  circulation.  Hartford  had 
a  population  of  less  than  30,000  people,  and  700  places  where 
intoxicating  liquors  were  sold.  Now  its  population  is  twice 
as  great  as  then,  and  the  number  of  places  where  liquor  is 
sold  is  not  much  more  than  half  of  700.  Prominent  among 
Hartford  physicians  were  Drs.  Beresford,  Taft,  Wilcox,  Haw- 
ley, Jackson,  and  Browne.  Among  the  leading  lawyers 
were  Hungerford,  Perkins,  Storrs,  Chapman,  Hubbard,  and 
Lucius  Robinson.' 

In  i860  a  new  and  carefully  compiled  manual  of  the 
Church,  containing  a  catalogue  of  members,  was  published 
and  distributed.  On  Christmas  Eve  a  service  of  public  wor- 
ship was  held  in  the  sanctuary,  and,  so  far  as  the  writer 
knows,  this  was  the  first  celebration  of  Christmas,  in  wor- 
ship, by  any  Congregational  church  in  New  England. 

Very  soon  after,  it  became  the  usage  of  this  Church 
to  celebrate  Easter  as  well  as  Christmas  with  appropriate 
religious  services,  and,  in  due  time.  Palm  Sunday,  Whitsun- 
day, and,  especially.  Good  Friday  came  to  be  also  observed. 

'  For  a  more  detailed  account  of  things  at  home  and  abroad  in  i860,  see  the  dis- 
course preached  by  the  writer,  i8jo,  commemorative  of  the  30th  anniversary  of  his 
settlement  here,  and  published  under  t!ie  title  Thirty  Years  Ago,  a  copy  of  which  is 
i  n  the  Historical  Society. 


238  History  of  the  Church 

At  the  first  communion  service  celebrated  by  the 
present  pastor  the  closing  hymn  was  that  by  Dr.  Dwight, 
beginning  "  I  love  thy  kingdom,  Lord,"  and  the  same  hymn 
has  been  sung  at  the  close  of  every  communion  service,  with 
one  exception,  to  this  day.  Likewise,  Charlotte  Elliott's 
hymn,  "Just  as  I  am,  without  one  plea,"  or  a  portion  of  it, 
has  been  sung  as  an  introduction  to  the  admission  of  mem- 
bers on  profession  of  faith. 

From  the  first,  the  Church  quietly  and  gradually  began 
to  acquire  liturgical  habits,  adopting  forms  of  worship 
in  which  popular  participation  might  be  practicable.  It  was 
first  decided,  that,  as  a  rule,  all  hymns  shoulds  be  sung  con- 
gregationally.  Then  the  Lord's  Prayer  was  introduced. 
The  chanting  of  some  psalm  or  canticle  after  the  Scripture 
lesson,  the  congregation  rising  meanwhile,  proved  accep- 
table. In  due  time  the  Apostles'  Creed  became  a  part  of  wor- 
ship, and  the  communion  service  was  enriched  by  the  Kyrie 
Eleison,  Gloria  In  Excelsis,  and  the  Tersanctus.  It  became 
the  custom,  on  the  first  Sunday  of  each  year,  communion  Sun- 
day, to  read  the  names  of  brethren  and  sisters  departed  dur- 
ing the  year  past,  and  to  sing  a  suitable  memorial  hymn. 

Certain  versicles  rendered  responsively  by  the  minister 
and  choir,  came  into  use,  and  the  occasional  introduction 
of  the  Litany  proved  grateful.  Holy  week  came  into  observ- 
ance, and  the  Lord's  Supper  was  observed  on  Thursday 
evening  preceding  Good  Friday, —  the  anniversary  of  its  in- 
stitution. So,  gradually,  without  effort  and  without  objec- 
tion, and  with  general  acceptance,  the  worship  of  the 
Church  has  been  dignified  and  enriched,  not  by  modern 
invention,  but  by  the  recovery  of  old,  hallowed,  and  catholic 
uses  that  had  fallen  into  neglect  in  Puritan  worship.  In  this 
good  way  many  of  our  Congregational  churches  have  more 
recently  been  graciously  guided. 

In  i860  the  galleries  of  the  sanctuary  were  put  in  order 
and  made  comfortable  and  attractive,  and  in  due  time  began 
to  be  occupied. 


Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parker 


239 


At  that  time,  and  for  several  years  after,  the  largest  sum 
appropriated  by  the  Society  for  church  music  was  one  thou- 
sand dollars.  In  i860  thirty-two  persons  were  received  into 
the  Church,  and  for  the  ensuing  ten  years  the  number  annu- 
ally received  averaged  about  twenty- five.  There  was  no 
season  of  special  revival  in  Hartford  during  that  time. 
Thomas  H.  Welles  was  elected  deacon  in  1862,  and  con- 
tinued in  that  office,  most  devotedly  active  in  good  works 
among   the  poor   of   the    Church,   until  his  death,   in   1887. 

The  year  of  i860  was  one  of  great  political  agitation 
and  excitement,  and  the  outbreaking  of  the  War  of  Re- 
bellion, in  1861,  turned  the  thoughts  and  sympathies  and 
prayers  and  sorrows  of  all  our  citizens  into  new  channels. 
The  ministers  and  the  churches  gave  their  enthusiastic 
support  to  the  government.  Disloyalty  was  heresy,  and  as 
in  the  Revolutionary  War,  Old  Lights  and  New  Lights  for- 
got their  contentions  in  a  common  devotion  to  the  cause  of 
liberty,  so  in  the  War  of  Rebellion,  men  of  all  diversities 
of  doctrinal  opinion  combined  to  serve  their  country  and 
avert  the  common  peril  of  disunion.  The  text  of  the  ser- 
mon preached  in  this  Church  on  the  Sunday  morning  next 
after  the  attack  upon  Fort  Sumter  was,  "  O  God,  they  are 
confederate  against  Thee,"  and  the  text  was  enough.  It 
needed  no  eloquence  of  the  preacher  to  kindle  the  hearts 
of  the  congregation.  The  scene  was  one  of  intense  and 
unsuppressed  excitement.  Nor  was  it  singlar.  Tumultuous 
applause  greeted  some  of  Dr.  Burton's  splendid  outbursts  of 
eloquent  speech  in  the  Fourth  Church.  A  memorable  ser- 
vice was  held  in  the  South  Church  on  a  Sunday  afternoon  in 
October,  1861,  when  the  Eighth  Connecticut  Regiment,  then 
in  camp  in  Hartford,  and  about  to  depart  for  the  war, 
marched  into  it,  and  filled  the  body  of  the  house  to  overflow- 
ing, while  the  galleries  were  crowded  with  their  friends. 
The  pulpit  was  draped  with  flags,  and  the  uniform  of  the 
soldiers  seemed  a  sacred  vestment.  Thus,  all  through  those 
dreadful   years   of   conflict,    religion    and    patriotism    were 


240  History  of  the  CJiurch 

so  combined   as  to  produce  the  utmost  fervor  and  force  of 
self-devotion. 

In  1864  Charles  T.  Webster,  who  joined  the  Church  in 
1831,  was  chosen  deacon,  and  held  the  office  until  his  death, 
in  1878.  He  was  a  strong  pillar  in  both  Church  and  Society. 
Nelson  Kingsbury  served  as  deacon  from  1866  to  1874. 

In  1864  a  committee  was  appointed  by  the  Society  to 
raise  by  subscription  a  sum  of  money  sufficient  to  put  the 
church  edifice  in  good  condition,  without  and  within,  to  put 
a  clock  in  the  tower,  and  to  enclose  the  north  yard  with  an 
iron  fence.  The  money  was  raised,  and  the  much-needed 
repairs  were  made  without  increasing  the  Society's  debt. 

In  1862  the  Rev.  Wolcott  Calkins  was  settled  as  associ- 
ate pastor  with  Dr.  Hawes,  in  the  First  Church,  but  resigned 
in  1864.  Dr.  Hawes  then  retired  from  all  active  duty  in  the' 
Church,  and  Rev.  George  H.  Gould,  D.D.,  became  the  pas- 
tor, and  continued  in  that  relation  till  1870.  Rev.  George 
H.  Spaulding  succeeded  Rev.  Mr.  Webber  at  the  North 
Church,  and  was  pastor  there  from  1S64  to  1869.  From  1864 
to  1866  Rev.  J.  L.  Jenkins  was  pastor  of  the  Pearl  Street 
Church,  and  his  successor  was  Rev.  William  L.  Gage,  D.D., 
1868-1884. 

The  Asylum  Hill  Congregational  Church  was  organized 
March  23,  1865,  and,  December  13th  of  the  same  year.  Rev. 
Joseph  H.  Twichell  was  ordained  and  installed  as  its  pastor. 
To  this  Church,  from  time  to  time,  many  valued  members  of 
the  South  Church  have  been  dismissed  and  commended.  In 
1868  an  ecclesiastical  society  was  formed  on  Wethersfield 
Avenue  and  a  church  edifice  was  erected.  In  1873  a  church 
was  organized  there.  In  1866  the  Church  of  the  Good  Shep- 
herd was  formed,  and  the  beautiful  sanctuary  built  by  Mrs. 
Colt  as  a  memorial  to  her  deceased  husband  and  children 
was  consecrated  in  1869. 

St.  Peter's  Church  (Roman  Catholic)  was  completed  in 
1865,  St.  James'  Church  (Episcopal)  was  organized  in  1868, 
the   South    Methodist    in    1869,    and   the   Windsor   Avenue 


Rev.  EJwin  Pond  Parker  241 

Church  in  1870.  This  o-rowth  and  expansion  of  Christian 
organizations  must  be  duly  considered,  in  order  to  appre- 
ciate the  environment  and  to  estimate  the  progress  of  the 
Second  Church. 

On  the  5th  of  June,  1867,  Dr.  Hawes  died  at  Gilead, 
where  he  had  gone  to  preach,  in  the  seventy-eighth  year 
of  his  age,  and  his  funeral  service  was  attended,  June  Sth,  in 
the  church  of  which  he  had  so  long  been  pastor.  Among 
the  sermons  suggested  by  his  departure  was  one  by  the 
pastor  of  the  Second  Church,  whom  Dr.  Hawes  had  never 
ceased  to  aid  and  strengthen  by  his  fatherly  wisdom  and  en- 
couragement. In  the  death  of  this  godly  man  all  the 
churches  were  bereaved. 

The  year  1870  was  marked  by  several  important  events 
in  the  history  of  the  Church.  The  house  at  No.  47  Bucking- 
ham Street  was  purchased  and  rebuilt  for  a  parsonage.  The 
comparatively  modern  covenant  of  the  Church  was  aban- 
doned, and  the  original  covenant  of  1670  was  recovered  and 
restored  to  its  proper  place.  vSeveral  old  documents  (which 
have  been  already  described)  pertaining  to  the  early  histor}^ 
of  the  Church,  and  containing  a  catalogue  of  members 
admitted  and  children  baptized,  from  1670  to  1731,  were 
brought  to  light. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  committee  of  the  Second  Church, 
held  January  13,  1870,  it  was  decided  to  "appropriately  cele- 
brate the  forthcoming  bi-centennial  anniversary  of  the  estab- 
lishment of  this  Church,"  and  a  committee  of  arrangements 
was  appointed  to  make  all  suitable  preparation  for  the  cele- 
bration. Of  the  twenty  persons  constituting  that  committee 
eleven  are  still  living.  Letters  of  invitation  were  sent  to 
many  churches  and  individuals  outside  of  Hartford,  and 
to  all  the  churches,  of  all  denominations,  in  the  city.  A 
general  and  cordial  invitation  was  also  published  "  to  all  per- 
sons who  have  at  any  time  been  members  of  this  Church 
or  congregation."  Most  of  the  churches  invited  sent  repre- 
sentatives, and  among  the  specially  invited  guests  were  Drs. 

16 


242  History  of  the  Church 

Bushnell,  Bacon,  Daggett,  and  Patton,  and  the  Rev.  Charles 
E.  Linsley.  It  was  a  subject  of  regret  that  Dr.  Walter 
Clarke  was  unable  to  be  present. 

Arrangements  were  made  for  services  and  assemblies  on 
Tuesday  and  Wednesday,  February  2 2d  and  23d,  as  follows: 
An  historical  address  by  the  pastor,  Tuesday  afternoon  ;  a 
social  reunion  and  collation  in  the  church  parlors,  Tuesday 
evening ;  a  devotional  service,  Wednesday  inorning,  at 
9:30  o'clock,  to  be  followed  by  a  public  assembly  for  ad- 
dresses and  music  ;  the  Lord's  Supper,  Wednesday  after- 
noon, and  a  closing  discourse  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Daggett, 
Wednesday  evening.  These  arrangements  were  carried  out, 
'and,  in  the  good  providence  of  God,  the  two  days  of  the 
celebration  were  delightfully  clear  and  pleasant.  The 
decorations  of  the  sanctuary  elicited  universal  admiration.' 
Along  the  sides  were  festoons  of  laurel  and  pine,  looped 
up,  at  regular  intervals,  over  medallions  containing  the 
names  of  the  former  pastors  of  the  Church,  and  the  date 
of  their  pastorates.  Each  name  was  enclosed  in  a  wreath 
of  laurel.  In  front  of  the  organ-loft  the  festoons  were 
held  by  stars  and  crosses,  and  in  the  center  was  a  large 
lyre  with  strings  of  gold.  The  columns  were  entwined  with 
heavy  wreaths,  and. large  festoons  were  suspended  from  the 
dome  and  gathered  in  at  the  four  corners  of  the  Church. 
From  the  center  of  the  dome  hung  also  a  massive  green 
anchor  and  cross.  The  large  window  in  the  rear  of  the 
pulpit  was  elaborately  decorated  so  as  to  frame  with  green 
the  original  covenant  of  the  Church,  printed  in  large  German 
text,  on  either  side  of  which  were  similar  arrangements  con- 
taining the  text  of  the  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Creed.  The 
pastor's  name  was  inscribed  under  the  covenant.  The  pul- 
pit was  festooned  with  evergreens,  and  upon  it  stood  two 
century  plants,  while  all  around  flowers  were  bestowed  in 
great  profusion  and  with  exquisite  taste.  The  opening  ser- 
vices, at  two  o'clock  p.  M.,  Tuesday,  were  attended  by  a  con- 

'  The  picture  representing  the  interior  of  the  Church,  with  decorations,  was 
copied  from  a  full-page  illustration  in  Frank  Leslie's  newspaper,  of  1870. 


Rro.  Edwin  Pond  Parker  243 

gregation  that  filled  the  buildini^  to  its  utmost  capacity.  A 
large  choir  sang  the  great  Christian  hymn,  Te  Deum  Lauda- 
mus,  Rev.  Dr.  Field  of  New  London  read  the  Scripture  les- 
sons, and  Rev.  Dr.  Daggett  offered  prayer.  The  hymns 
sung  were  "  Glorious  things  of  Thee  are  spoken,"  "  Christ 
is  made  the  sure  foundation,"  and  "  While  shepherds 
watched  their  flocks  by  night,"  the  latter  to  old  ''Sher- 
burne." Dr.  J.  Aspinwall  Hodge  pronounced  the  benedic- 
tion. The  historical  address,  on  that  occasion,  was  deliv- 
ered by  the  pastor  of  the  Church,  and  was  published, 
together  with  a  full  report  of  the  anniversary  exercises,  in  a 
pamphlet  which  also  contained  the  papers  on  the  original 
controversy  in  the  Hartford  Church,  1656-59,  discovered  by 
Dr.  Palfrey,  of  which  mention  has  been  made. 

This  pamphlet  is  not  now  easily  procured.  Many  copies 
of  it,  stored  in  the  Church,  were  used  by  an  ignorant  sexton 
for  kindling  his  fires.  The  address  had  a  value  at  the  time, 
but  contained  some  errors  which  have  since  been  corrected, 
and  was  necessarily  brief  and  fragmentary.  Whatever  it 
contained  of  permanent  value  has  been  wrought  into  the 
texture  of  this  present  history. 

The  following  account  of  the  festival  exercises  is  taken 
from  the  aforementioned  pamphlet,  entitled,  "  Proceedings 
at  the  Two  Hundreth  Anniversary  of  the  Second  Church  of 
Christ  in  Hartford,  February  22  and  23,  1870." 

Tuesday  evening  had  been  set  apart  for  social  enter- 
tainment, and  invitations  had  been  given  to  all  past  and 
present  members  of  the  parish,  and  to  many  friends  in  other 
churches.  A  bountiful  collation  was  spread  in  the  parlors  of 
the  Church,  and  a  score  or  two  of  young  ladies,  dressed  in 
the  garments  of  their  grandmothers,  waited  upon  the  tables 
and  served  the  throng  of  people  with  gracious  cordiality.  In 
the  upper  room  of  the  chapel  an  old-fashioned  dinner  table 
was  spread,  and  the  curiosities  there  displayed  attracted 
much  attention.  There  were  gigantic  doughnuts,  an  iron  pot 
full   of   pork    and   beans,   johnny-cake    baked    in    the  "  old 


244  History  of  the  Church 

testament "  way,  vast  expanses  of  pumpkin  pie,  great  loaves 
of  rye  bread,  and  the  table  was  set  with  pewter  platters  and 
mugs  and  old  china,  while  hard  by  stood  antique  utensils 
of  all  sorts.  Later  in  the  evening  the  people  gathered  in  the 
Church  and,  led  by  the  pastor,  spent  an  hour  of  song 
together.  This  proved  to  be  a  delightful  part  of  the  cele- 
bration. The  spirit  of  God  seemed  to  be  present,  and  many 
hearts  were  graciously  touched.  A  cloud  of  witnesses 
seemed  to  hover  about,  the  home-feeling  was  predominant, 
and  the  sanctuary  seemed  to  be  the  gate  of  heaven  indeed. 

On  Wednesday  morning,  at  9:30  o'clock,  a  prayer  meet- 
ing of  great  interest  was  held  in  the  Sunday-school  room, 
which  was  conducted  by  Rev.  T.  L.  Shipman  of  Jewett  City, 
who  formerly  preached  some  months  in  the  old  South 
meeting-house. 

At  half  past  ten  o'clock  the  reunion  service  was  held  in 
the  Church,  and  the  building  was  crowded  to  its  utmost 
capacity.  A  large  chorus,  assisted  by  an  old-fashioned 
orchestra  of  violins,  bass  viols,  flutes,  etc.,  etc.,  and  the  organ, 
sang  the  tunes  of  long  ago, —  Invitation,  Turner,  Majesty,  and 
others  of  the  same  style. 

The  Pastor  read  from  the  church  records  to  the  effect 
that  in  1825  Joseph  Webster  was  appointed  delegate  to 
attend  a  council  called  in  New  Haven  to  examine  and  install 
the  Rev.  Leonard  Bacon  as  pastor  of  the  First  Church  in 
that  city,  and  then  introduced  Dr.  Bacon  to  the  audience. 

Dr.  Bacon's  remarks  were  exceedingly  felicitous.  He 
spoke  of  the  old-style  garments  worn  on  the  previous  even- 
ing, and  said  that  they  all  seemed  familiar  to  him.  He  spoke 
of  his  first  visit  to  Hartford,  almost  fifty-eight  years  before, 
and  of  the  rustic  admiration  with  which  he  then  surveyed 
"  the  beautiful  village  that  proudly  called  itself  a  city." 
He  recalled  "the  South  Meeting-House,  standing,  according 
to  an  old  Connecticut  fashion,  in  the  middle  of  the  street,  at 
the  intersection  of  two  roads,  and  closely  resembling,  within 
and  without,  any  ordinary  wooden  meeting-house  built  in 
the  last  century." 


Rev.  Echvin  Pond  Parker  245 

He  alluded  to  the  historical  discourse  of  the  previous 
day,  and  dwelt  at  length  and  with  his  accustomed  power,  on 
the  thought  that  "  our  Congregational  churches,  with  all 
the  mutual  independency  inherent  in  their  organization, 
are  one  in  the  unity  of  their  spiritual  life,  and  in  their  strong 
tendency  to  fraternal  intercommunion.  With  no  external 
bond  that  may  not  be  sundered  in  a  moment,  they  are  one 
ecclesiastical  commonwealth  through  all  the  vicissitudes  of 
their  history." 

This  thought  he  illustrated  by  many  references  to  the 
history  of  Congregationalism  in  New  England,  and  said, 
"The  testimony  of  all  these  ages  is  that  our  churches, 
'distinct  as  the  billows,  yet  one  as  the  sea,'  are  held  together 
in  a  vital  unity  safer  and  stronger  than  any  outward  bond  of 
coercive  authority." 

He  spoke  in  a  most  interesting  manner  of  Dr.  Flint  and 
Dr.  Linsley,  and  some  portions  of  this  part  of  his  address 
have  already  been  quoted.     [See  p.  187.] 

The  Pastor  then  introduced  the  Rev.  O.  E.  Daggett, 
D.D.,  a  former  pastor  of  the  Church,  whose  remarks  were 
listened  to  with  eager  interest.  He  was  a  school  boy  in  the 
Hopkins  grammar  school  at  Hartford  in  1824,  and  was 
ordained  pastor  here  in  1837.  He  alluded  in  a  very  tender 
way  to  Drs.  Linsley,  Vanarsdalen,  and  Hawes.  "  It  always 
rained  when  Dr.  Hawes  exchanged  with  him  !"  When 
he  left  the  Church  it  had  406  members,  five-eighths  of  whom 
had  joined  during  his  pastorate.  Of  the  307  admitted,  218 
were  by  profession  of  faith.  In  March,  1838,  no  persons 
were  added  to  the  Church  on  profession.  He  gave  a  most 
vivid  account  of  the  great  revival  of  1838  in  Hartford. 

After  the  singing  of  a  hymn,  the  Rev.  Horace  Bushnell, 
D.D.,  was  introduced,  and  spoke  as  follows  :  — 

"  Recollections  appear  to  be  the  kind  of  contributions  most  demanded 
here,  and  most  naturally  given,  as  they  are  certainly  most  appropriate 
to  the  occasion  ;  but  I  have  none  to  give.  My  friend,  Dr.  Bacon,  thought 
he  could  remember  a  good  part  of  these  two  centuries,  but  I  am  so  much 
older  than  he  that  I  do  not  remember  anything.     I  have  an  indistinct 


246  History  of  the  Church 

recollection  that  when  I  came  in  hither  as  a  boy  to  get  sight  of  so  great  a 
city,  I  saw  the  old  wooden  meeting-house  standing  out,  hereabouts, 
in  the  street,  but  whether  it  was  a  whole  thousand  years  back,  I  would 
not  trust  my  memory  to  say. 

"  As  Brother  Parker  went  on  yesterday  in  the  faithfully  recited  story 
of  his  discourse,  picturing  the  stormy  times  of  our  church  fathers  in  their 
little,  new-born,  scarcely  settled  community,  and  showing  out  of  what 
contentions,  embittered  by  what  asperities,  this  Second  Church  took  its 
separate  form  and  began  a  history  of  its  own,  I  could  but  say,  '  This  is 
their  Book  of  Judges', —  showing  how  Israel,  just  planted,  and  not 
yet  settled  in  any  terms  of  order,  fell  backward  into  comparative  anarchy, 
how  their  manners  and  moralities  ran  low,  and  how  the  joints  of  society 
were  loosened  for  a  fearful  lurch  towards  barbarism. 

"It  reminded  me  sharply  as  need  be  of  what  I  once  undertook 
to  show,  under  "  Barbarism  the  first  Danger"  for  a  text  —  that  there  is  a 
transitional  age  in  the  history  of  every  new  people,  commonly  in  the  sec- 
ond or  third  generation,  when  they  wear  a  sadly  deteriorated  look.  But 
there  is  a  recovery  shortly,  and  the  barbaric  excesses  of  the  Judges 
give  way  to  the  finely  advanced,  new  era  of  Samuel  and  David.  So 
it  has  been  in  all  our  New  England  communities,  and  so  it  shortly  began 
to  be  here,  as  the  story  was  given,  in  our  wretchedly  distracted  church 
community  of  Hartford.  But  God  mercifully  bridged  the  gulf  for  us,  and 
finally  brought  us  safe  over  out  of  a  troubled  past  into  a  goodly  present, 
where  order  took  the  ascendant  again  ; — permitting  us  to  dwell  in  peace, 
behold  the  decencies  and  share  the  amenities,  and  take  confidence 
in  the  recovered  moralities  of  life.  And  having  thus  come  up  out  of  our 
rough,  wild  age,  and  the  dangers  included  in  so  great  poverty  and  coarse- 
ness of  life,  how  shall  we  better  thank  God  than  to  ask  how  we  may  best 
turn  off  another  danger,  on  the  other  side,  from  our  children, —  how 
we  may  save  them  from  being  precipitated  into  the  fearfully  worse 
dangers  of  luxury,  dissipation,  godless  unbelief,  and  profligacy. 

"  Just  a  word  now  in  regard  to  the  unmentioned  people  of  the  story. 
Our  Brother  Moore  [Rev.  Wm.  H.  Moore],  referring,  in  the  prayer  meet- 
ing this  morning,  to  the  large  gaps  in  the  church  records  which  the  histori- 
cal discourse  deplored,  reminded  us  that  whole  generations  in  the  member- 
ship were  thus  lost, —  who  they  were  and  where  their  dust  reposes  never 
can  be  known.  But  if  we  had  their  names,  scarcely  more  would  be  known. 
The  body  of  Moses, —  where  was  it  laid  ?  And  if  his  name,  too,  had  been 
hidden  as  his  body  was,  would  he  not  still  have  lived  in  his  people  by  all 
his  works  ?  So  these  unmentioned  ones  of  your  church  story  are  living 
in  you  here  to-day, —  as  truly  they  that  are  in  the  gaps  of  the  records, 
as  they  whose  names  are  preserved.     These  names  tell  you  little,  and  it 


Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parker  247 

is  only  a  very  few  of  them,  four  or  five  in  a  generation,  that  ever  come 
out  to  be  so  much  as  spoken  by  their  syllables.  And  yet  all  these  unmen- 
tioned,  or  scarcely  mentioned  ones  are  yet  truly  alive,  and  I,  for  one, 
especially  love  to  give  them  greeting  at  such  times.  For  it  is  their 
special  merit  it  may  be,  their  self-forgetting  and  unforward  modesty, 
that  has  veiled  them.  And  what  more  could  their  names  signify,  when 
all  they  did  and  were  is  alive  in  you,  now  waiting  to  be  owned  and 
cherished  hy  your  tenderest  homage  ? 

Another  point  to  be  remembered:  —  Considering  the  fact  that 
our  generations  increase  in  a  geometrical  ratio,  there  are  probably 
now  as  many  as  one  or  two  hundred  thousand  people  somewhere  living 
that  were  issued  from  this  flock,  and  who,  as  you  may  say,  were 
born  here,  though  they  know  you  not.  Some  of  them  never  heard  of  this 
South  Church,  but  they  have  South  Church  ingredients  in  them,  that  for 
these  generations  past  have  been  distilling  from  such  works  and  prayers 
as  could  fitly  be  a  propagated  blessing. 

Put  now  these  last  unmentioned  and  the  unmentioned  of  the  old 
time  together,  and  imagine  how  they  will  sometime  meet,  and  how 
you  yourselves  will  meet  them  as  the  before  and  after  of  your  story  ! 
When  you  all  stand  face  to  face  in  this  great  time  coming  what  a  bringing 
together  it  will  be  !  You  will  make  how  many  beautiful  discoveries  that 
will  put  your  hearts  ringing  with  joy,  and  it  will  be  a  gathering  together 
into  what  high  brotherhood  of  love  and  acknowledged  obligation  for 
eternity  ! " 

The  Pastor  then  returned  thanks  to  all  who  had  contri- 
buted in  any  way  to  the  good  success  of  the  anniversary 
exercises,  and  particularly  to  the  distinguished  divines  who 
had  just  spoken  so  fitly  and  eloquently,  and  extended  an  in- 
vitation to  all  Christians  to  participate  in  the  celebration  of 
the  Lord's  Supper,  at  the  afternoon  service.  The  benedic- 
tion was  then  pronounced  by  the  Rev.  Charles  E.  Linsle'y. 

At  three  o'clock  p.  m.,  a  congregation  that  filled  the 
sanctuary  assembled  to  celebrate  the  Holy  Communion. 
The  Pastor,  assisted  by  the  Rev.  O.  E.  Daggett  and  the 
Rev.  Charles  E.  Linsley,  conducted  the  service,  which 
w^s  characterized  by  simplicity,  solemnity,  and  great  ten- 
derness of  feeling.  Touching  allusions  were  made,  in 
accents  of  prayer  and  praise,  as  well  as  in  remarks,  to  the 
former  members  of  the  Church,  and  to  the  overshadowing 


248  History  of  the  Church 

"cloud  of  witnesses."  The  anniversary  exercises  were 
concluded  on  Wednesday  evening,  when,  after  appropriate 
devotional  services,  an  able  and  impressive^  sermon  was 
preached  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Daggett,  the  burden  of  which  was 
the  historical  continuity  of  Christ's  Kingdom,  and  the  per- 
petuity of  the  Church  of  God  in  the  world. 
The  Hartford  Courant  said  :  — 

"  The  exercises  of  this  celebration  have  possessed'a  degree  of  interest 
seldom  secured  in  a  church  anniversary,  and  all  the  details  of  the  observ- 
ance have  been  so  admirably  arranged  that  none  could  wish  for  larger 
measures  of  success  than  has  rewarded  the  efforts  of  those  having 
the  celebration  in  charge.  Not  only  have  the  past  and  present  members 
of  the  South  Church  greatly  enjoyed  the  exercises,  but  the  people  of 
other  denominations  who  have  looked  in  upon  the  festivities,  and 
listened  to  the  addresses,  have  been  moved  by  the  spirit  of  the  occasion." 

In  1870  a  marble  font  was  placed  in  the  sanctuary  by 
the  pastor  and  his  wife,  as  a  inemorial  of  their  beloved 
daughter,  Emily  Julia,  who  departed  this  life,  February  12, 
1869,  when  about  three  years  of  age. 

In  1872  a  committee  was  appointed  by  the  Society  to 
consider  and  report  upon  the  propriety  of  making  certain 
alterations  and  repairs  of  the  church  edifice.  On  the 
report  of  this  committee,  in  1873,  it  was  determined  to  raise, 
if  possible,  the  sum  of  seven  thousand  dollars,  by  subscrip- 
tion, for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  the  plans  for  renewing 
the  church.  Henry  C.  Robinson,  P.  D.  Stillman,  and  N.  T. 
Pitkin,  together  with  the  Society's  committee,  were  ap- 
pointed a  special  committee  to  make  such  alterations  and  re- 
pairs in  and  about  the  edifice,  as  they  might  think  desir- 
able. The  windows  of  the  church  were  entirely  renewed,  a 
new  platform  and  pulpit  were  provided,  the  great  window 
behind  the  pulpit  was  walled  up  and  inscribed  with  the 
Lord's  Prayer,  the  Creed,  and  other  suitable  texts,  addi- 
tional seats  were  furnished,  the  house  was  painted  outside 
and  within,  and  the  work  of  renovation  was  extensive  and 
thorough.  The  sum  of  money  raised  by  voluntary  subscrip- 
tions  was   sufficient   to   cover   all    expenses   of    this    work. 


Rev.  Eihi'ln  Pond  Parker  249 

Indeed,  from  that  time  the  financial  condition  of  the  Society 
has  shown  a  marked  improvement.  Without  any  special 
effort,  save  that  implied  in  a  quarterly  collection,  the  large 
outstanding-  debt  of  the  Society  has  been  gradually  and 
greatly  diminished,  while  the  current  expenses  have  in- 
creased. 

In  1873  William  Blatchley  resigned  as  clerk  of  the 
Church,  having  served  in  that  office  for  twenty-four  years, 
and  a  vote  of  thanks  to  him  was  unanimously  passed  by  the 
Church.  The  same  year  William  L.  Squire  was  elected 
deacon,  and  continued  in  the  office  until  his  removal  from 
the  city,  in  1881. 

In  1874  the  question  of  a  new  organ  was  seriously 
considered,  but  it  was  finally  decided  to  rebuild  and  improve 
the  old  instrument,  and,  accordingly,  such  alterations  were 
made  in  it,  at  considerable  expense,  as  were  deemed  feasible 
and  desirable. 

In  1874  a  new  Church  Manual  was  prepared  and  pub- 
lished, in  which  many  corrections  of  errors  or  oinissions  in 
former  editions  were  made,  and  the  names  of  members 
admitted  from  1670  to  1731  were  printed.  But  this  Manual 
was  marked  by  other  and  more  striking  changes.  It  con- 
tained a  revision  of  the  rules  of  the  Church,  by  which 
the  number  of  such  rules  was  greatly  reduced,  and  the 
methods  of  procedure  were  greatly  simplified.  It  con- 
tained, also,  in  its  place  of  honor,  the  old,  original  covenant 
of  the  Church.  And  again,  it  contained,  instead  of  the 
articles  of  faith  which  for  some  time  had  been  in  use,  the 
brief  and  simple  confession  known  as  The  Apostles'  Creed, 
and,  in  addition,  The  Nicene  Creed,  and  the  Declaration  of 
Faith  set  forth  by  the  National  Congregational  Coimcil  in 
1865.  The  Church  had  carefully  considered  and  discussed 
the  whole  subject,  and  had  come  to  the  conclusion  to  discon- 
tinue the  use  of  the  many-articled  creed,  which  was  a  stum- 
bling block  to  many,  and  to  adopt  The  Apostles'  Creed  as  the 
only  doctrinal  formula  to  which  candidates  for  membership 


250  History  of  the  Church 

should  be  required  to  give  assent.  At  the  same  time  it 
set  forth  the  two  other  confessions  that  have  been  men- 
tioned, as  indicating  the  breadth  and  catholicity  of  its 
doctrinal  sympathies.  Thus,  in  putting  away  the  new 
and  putting  on  the  old  forms  of  confession  and  covenant, 
the  Church  returned  to  both  simplicity  and  truth,  and 
exchanged  narrowness  for  breadth,  provincialism  for  cath- 
olicity, and  a  set  of  unskillful  definitions  for  solid  and  sub- 
stantial symbols. 

"Early  in  the  morning  of  the  17th  of  February,  1876, 
while  the  stars  were  still  shining  in  the  clear  and  silent 
heaven,  Horace  Bushnell  passed  away  to  that  world  on 
whose  borders  he  had  so  long  dwelt." 

Dr.  Bushnell,  in  the  later  years  of  his  life,  had  fre- 
quently preached  in  the  Second  Church,  and  during  one 
summer  supplied  the  pulpit  in  the  absence  of  the  pastor. 
His  funeral  services,  in  the  Park  Church,  were  conducted  by 
Rev.  Dr.  N.  J.  Burton,  assisted  by  Rev.  J.  H.  Twichell  and 
the  pastor  of  the  Second  Church, —  the  three  ministers  of  this 
city  with  whom  Dr.  Bushnell  had,  in  later  life,  maintained  a 
peculiar  intimacy. 

On  the  nth  of  April,  1877,  occurred  the  fiftieth  anniver- 
sary of  the  dedication  of  the  present  meeting-house  of 
the  Second  Church  and  Society,  and  the  event  was  duly  cel- 
ebrated by  a  public  service  on  the  evening  of  that  day. 
A  large  congregation  assembled  in  the  tastefully  decorated 
sanctuary,  and  the  exercises  were  greatly  enjoyed.  The 
hymns  and  tunes  for  the  occasion  were  selected  from  those 
which  prevailed  in  worship  a  half  century  before,  and  their 
quaintness  afforded  no  little  amusement,  while  to  many 
of  the  elderly  people  they  sounded  forth  as  fraught  with 
many  tender  and  sacred  memories.  There  were  several 
persons  in  the  congregation  who  distinctly  remembered  the 
dedication  services  of  fifty  years  before.  The  Hon.  Henry 
Barnard  made  the  principal  address  of  the  evening,  and 
recited  many  interesting  facts  connected   with   the    earlier 


Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parker  251 

affairs  of  the  parish.  Among  other  things,  he  said  that 
in  the  large  ball  just  below  the  weather-vane,  on  the  spire, 
were  deposited  the  names  of  all  who  worked  upon  the 
edifice  during  its  erection.' 

In  the  winter  of  1878  Mr.  Dwight  L.  Moody  came  to 
Hartford,  by  invitation  of  the  united  churches,  to  conduct  a 
series  of  Gospel  services.  The  building  now  known  as 
the  armory  was  engaged  for  the  meetings,  and  the  South 
Baptist  Church  was  offered  for  overflow  and  inquiry  meet- 
ings. Every  effort  was  made  by  the  churches  and  the 
pastors  to  aid  Mr.  Moody,  and  to  render  his  work  successful. 
Vast  congregations  were  gathered,  and  a  great  blessing  was 
poured  out  upon  the  community.  As  a  result  of  this  revival 
one  hundred  and  eleven  persons,  most  of  them  adults,  united 
with  the  Second  Church  during  that  year.  One  of  this  num- 
ber, George  Woods,  was  soon  after  appointed  manager  of 
the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  which  was  organ- 
ized at  this  time,  and  two  years  later  Mr.  Woods  was  chosen 
deacon  in  the  Church.  In  1877  Mr.  Franklin  Glazier  was 
chosen  deacon,  and  continued  in  that  office  imtil  his  death, 
in  1889. 

In  1 88 1  the  Church  procured  a  new,  large,  and  elegant 
book  in  which  to  inscribe  the  names  of  all  who  have  been 
members  of  the  Church,  so  far  as  it  might  be  possible  to  as- 
certain them.  The  work  of  preparing  and  transcribing  this 
list  was  completed,  and  the  Church  now  possesses  a  chrono- 
logical and  alphabetical  record  of  its  members,  which  is 
of  great  value  for  its  accuracy,  order,  and  convenience  for 
reference.  A  duplicate  of  this  catalogue  is  also  privately 
kept  by  the  pastor. 

During  this  same  year  the  Church  received  a  very 
precious  addition  to  its  memorial  treasures,  in  the  form  of  an 
elegant  and  costly  silver  communion  service,  consisting  of  two 
flagons,  eight  cups,  and  four  plates.     This   gift  came  from 

1  Quite  full  reports  of  this  celebration  may  be  found  in  the  columns  of  the 
HariJo?-d  Courant  and  the  Hartford  Tunes,  April  12,  1877 


252  History  of  the  Church 

Eliza  Trumbull  Robinson  and  her  sister,  Mary  Alice  Robin- 
son (Mrs.  Louis  Cheney),  and  was  most  generously  made  by 
them  in  memory  of  their  younger  sister,  Harriet  Trumbull 
Robinson,  an  exceedingly  beautiful  child,  who  departed 
hence  to  go  to  be  with  her  father  and  mother  in  their 
heavenly  Father's  House,  in  the  summer  of  1S70. 

In  this  same  year  Charles  S.  Goodwin,  Charles  S. 
Gillette,  and  Henry  E.  Harrington  were  chosen  deacons. 
In  January,  1887,  Deacon  Thomas  H.  Welles  died,  and, 
shortly  after,  Deacon  Charles  S.  Gillette  was  called  hence, 
and  the  Church  was  greatly  bereaved  in  their  departure. 
George  F.  Hills  and  Joseph  A.  Graves  were  chosen  to  fill 
the  offices  left  vacant  by  these  lamented  brethren,  and,  in 
the  ensuing  year,  Hosmer  Griswold  was  chosen  deacon. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Society,  in  1884,  the  ques- 
tion of  procuring  a  new  organ  for  the  Church  was  informally 
discussed.  A  subscription  paper  was  soon  after  drawn  np 
and  circulated,  and  a  sum  suflficient  to  procure  a  suitable  and 
excellent  organ  was  secured.  A  committee  appointed  for 
the  purpose  made  a  contract  for  the  instrument,  which  was 
to  be  set  up  and  completed  in  the  early  autumn. 

On  Sunday  morning,  the  sixth  day  of  July,  1884,  the 
Rev.  Samuel  Harris,  D.D.,  professor  of  theology  at  Yale 
Divinity  School,  preached  in  the  Second  Church,  and  admin- 
istered the  Lord's  Supper,  the  pastor  being  then  in  England 
for  a  vacation.  Soon  after  seven  o'clock  on  Monday  morn- 
ing following,  the  church  edifice  was  discovered  to  be  on 
fire.  An  alarm  was  sounded  which  brought  the  fire  depart- 
ment to  the  scene  without  delay,  and  an  immense  throng  of 
people  gathered  in  the  vicinity.  Thick  columns  of  smoke 
circled  upwards  about  the  steeple,  and  it  seemed  to  the 
beholders  that  no  efforts  could  hinder  the  complete  destruc- 
tion of  the  edifice.  Meanwhile  many  men  were  eagerly 
at  work  to  save  whatever  might  be  removed  from  the  burn- 
ing building,  and  carpets,  books,  pulpits,  chairs,  the  valuable 
musical  library,   and  the  font    and   communion   table  were 


Rev.  EduHH  Pond  Parker  253 

safely  withdrawn.  The  firemen,  under  skillful  guidance, 
worked  with  great  energy  and  perseverance,  and,  contrary  to 
expectation,  soon  succeeded  in  subduing  the  flames  which 
had  mounted  to  the  belfry.  The  porch  was  well  burned, 
and  the  woodwork  of  the  belfry  and  the  framework  of  the 
roof,  above  the  main  audience-room,  was  badly  damaged. 
The  organ  was  thoroughly  drenched  with  water  and  nearly 
ruined,  and  the  main  audience-room  was  flooded  with  water, 
running  down  from  the  charred  roof  above  it.  The  other 
rooms  were  also  injured  by  water.  The  bell  was  cracked, 
and  some  of  the  windows  were  broken.  In  this  misfortune 
several  of  the  neighboring  churches  kindly  ofiiered  the  use 
of  their  sanctuaries  to  the  congregation  of  the  Second 
Church,  and  many  expressions  of  good-will  and  sympathy 
were  also  sent.  The  committee  of  the  Society  met  the  same 
day,  and  steps  were  immediately  taken  to  repair  the  dam- 
ages and  make  all  things  new.  It  was  found  that  there  was 
ample  insurance  to  cover  all  the  losses,  which  amounted 
to  nearly  fifteen  thousand  dollars,  and  it  was  counted  most 
fortunate  that  the  money  for  the  new  organ  was  all  raised. 
The  Sunday-school  room  was  soon  put  in  readiness  for 
use,  and  the  congregation  worshiped  therein  while  the  work 
of  repairing  the  church  went  on.  On  the  ninth  of  Novem- 
ber, it  being  the  Lord's  Day,  the  renovated  church  was 
re-opened  for  worship,  and  its  capacity  was  taxed  to  the 
utmost  to  accommodate  the  great  number  of  people  who 
desired  to  attend  the  services.  From  the  sermon  by  the 
pastor  a  few  sentences  may  be  given  : 

"  We  are  here,  as  I  conceive,  simply  to  rejoice  together  before  the 
Lord,  in  the  re-habilitation  and  re-occupation  of  our  dear  old  sanctuary. 
The  ravages  of  fire  and  water  have  been  repaired  ;  unsuspected  defects 
of  construction  have  been  remedied  ;  a  new  and  noble  organ  has  been  set 
up  ;  cunning  hands  have  put  a  beautiful  appearance  upon  the  house 
without  and  within  ;  whatever  was  needed  for  completeness  has  been 
liberally  supplied, —  and  all  has  been  done,  by  supervisors  and  workmen, 
with  such  fidelity  and  taste  that  our  sanctuary  is  to-day,  not  onl)^  a  more 
comfortable  and  beautiful,  but  also  a  sounder  and  stronger  building  than 
ever  before. 


254  History  of  the  C/turch 

"  In  our  thanksgiving  to  God,  it  becomes  us  to  remember  with  grati- 
tude those  who  have  generously  given  their  time,  care,  and  labor  to  this 
work  of  restoration,  and  to  whose  supervision  we  owe  the  fair  and  com- 
plete result.  It  also  becomes  us  to  recall  the  many  kind  expressions  of 
sympathy  which  were  given  us  in  the  day  of  disaster,  by  the  several 
churches  and  by  many  good  people  of  this  city,  and  to  make  here 
our  public  and  thankful  acknowledgment  of  their  gracious  works  and 
acts. 

"Good  people  of  this  congregation,  I  congratulate  you  on  the  re- 
occupation  of  our  dear  old  house  of  worship.  You  feel  to-day  the  inspira- 
tion of  holy  memories  and  associations.  We  are  compassed  about  to-day 
with  a  great  cloud  of  witnesses.  The  congregations  of  former  days 
silently  and  invisibly  throng  in  about  us,  and  we  '  sit  together  in  the 
heavenly  places  in  Christ  Jesus.'  Dear  souls  with  whom  we  have  had 
sweet  communion  here  seem  to  smile  upon  our  holy  joy.  Here  many  of 
you  were  baptized  ;  here  some  of  you  were  married  ;  here  many  of 
you  confessed  the  Saviour,  and  sat  for  the  first  time  at  his  Holy  Table, 
Here  some  of  you  have  sorrowed,  not  without  hope,  for  the  dear 
departed.  This  has  been  the  place  of  your  communion  with  the  Church 
of  Christ,  where  your  souls  have  often  found  light  and  comfort  and 
peace.  It  has  been  the  home  of  your  souls.  Some  of  you  have  remem- 
bered it  with  a  sweet  remembrance  on  Sabbath  days  in  far-away  lands. 
You  have  become  bound  to  it  by  the  sacredest  and  most  steadfast 
affections,  you  have  found  delight  therein,  in  gravest  thoughts  and 
noblest  exercises  of  faith  and  hope  and  desire  and  love. 

"  Shall  we  not  here  and  now  renew  our  self -consecrations  to  the  ser- 
vice of  the  Lord?  Shall  we  not  jealously  guard  the  interests  and  dili- 
gently seek  the  welfare  of  this  ancient  church?  And  especially  do  I  pray 
that  we  may  be  moved  to  make  this  sanctuary  a  house  of  prayer,  and  a 
Christian  home  for  all  people  who  may  incline,  or  can  be  induced  to 
enter  it ;  that  by  a  ministration  of  God's  love,  by  a  generous  provision 
for  the  poor,  by  a  genuine  brotherly  love  and  sweet  communion  of  its 
members,  by  ceaseless  activities  of  kindness,  by  a  pure  and  simple  wor- 
ship, by  a  reverence  for  all  God's  ordinances,  by  a  godly  conversation,  by 
your  continual  gladness  and  thanksgiving  for  all  God's  mercies,  and  by 
your  overflowing  faith  and  love,  this  sanctuary  may  become  more  and 
more  attractive,  from  year  to  year,  to  the  people  whose  dwellings  are  in 
this  parish,  and  that  multitudes  shall  hereafter  remember  it  with  grati- 
tude and  delight,  as  the  place  where  their  souls  were  illumined,  nour- 
ished, and  comforted  in  God's  truth  and  grace. 

"  Beloved  brethren,  take  a  new  and  deep  impression,  this  day,  of  the 
high  ends  for  which  this  house  was  builded,  of  the  holy  uses  by  which  it 
has  been  sanctified,  and  of  the  precious  privileges  which  it  now  affords. 


Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parker  255 

By  innumerable  thanksgivings,  petitions,  confessions,  praises,  and  pray- 
ers, from  generation  to  generation,  it  has  been  hallowed,  — by  joys  and 
sorrows  and  by  all  the  inexpressible  communions  of  God's  people,  —  and 
so  it  has  become  very  dear  and  holy,  and  is  the  center  of  a  multitude  of 
most  tender  associations, —  the  house  of  God  and  the  gate  of  heaven." 

The  following  report  of  the  services  on  the  aforesaid 
Lord's  Day,  from  the  Hartford  Courant,  may  be  of  interest : 

"  The  South  Church,  which  was  badly  damaged  by  fire  on  the  7th  of 
last  July,  was  opened  yesterday  for  religious  service.  Very  extensive 
improvements  have  been  made  in  the  appearance  of  the  interior,  partly 
by  the  decoration,  and  partly  by  the  refurnishing  that  was  found  to  be 
necessary.  The  new  organ  is  in  appearance  thoroughly  in  keeping  with 
the  style  of  the  interior,  and  a  beautiful  addition  to  the  building. 
At  the  morning  service,  the  usual  quartette  choir,  consisting  of 
Mrs.  Rogers,  Miss  Keeney,  Mr.  Trask,  and  Mr.  Spencer,  was  doubled  by 
the  addition  of  Mrs.  Huntington,  Mrs.  Wilson,  Mr.  Huntington,  and  Mr. 
Gundlach.     The  order  of  service  was  as  follows  :  — 

Organ  Voluntary  (Preludio  and  Andante),        .         .        .  Guilmant 

Invocation,  Responses,  etc. 

Anthem, Dr.  Boyce 

I  have  surely  built  Thee  an  house  to  dwell  in. 
Scripture  Lesson. 
Anthem, G.  M.  Garrett 

My  soul  doth  magnify  the  Lord. 
The  Creed  and  Responses. 
Prayer. 
Anthem  (Memorial) L.  Spohr 

Blest  are  the  departed. 
Sermon. 
Hymn. 

Prayer  and  Benediction. 

Organ  Postlude,  Grand  Offertoire  (in  C  minor),        .         .  Welz 

"The  sermon,  which  is  given  in  full  on  the  first  page  of  to-day's 
issue,  was,  in  large  part,  a  history  of  the  Society.  The  evening  service 
was  according  to  the  following  order  :  — 

Organ  Voluntary,  Pastorale, Kullak 

Invocation,  Responses,  etc. 

Anthem  (Solo  and  Chorus), L.  Spohr 

Scripture  Lessons. 

Anthem  (Double  Quartette) L.  Spohr 

Creed  and  Responses. 


256  History  of  the  Church 

Prayer. 

Hymn  — Anthem, E.  H.  Phelps 

Sermon. 

Anthem G.  M.  Garrett 

Prayer  and  Benediction. 

Organ  Postlude, Buck 

In  bringing  this  narrative  to  a  somewhat  abrupt  close, 
a  few  things  may  be  briefly  mentioned  which  have  had 
much  to  do  with  the  prosperity  of  the  Church,  and  the  inter- 
est manifested  in  its  services. 

For  many  years,  now,  the  material  affairs  of  the  Church 
and  Society  have  been  conducted  by  their  respective  com- 
mittees with  singular  fidelity,  prudence,  and  economy,  and 
yet,  as  regards  the  pastor  and  the  requirements  of  the  work 
in  hand,  with  equal  generosity.  If  in  respect  of  the  Church's 
spiritual  gifts,  activities,  and  fruitfulness,  a  modest  and  rev- 
erent silence  is  becoming,  grateful  mention  may  be  made  of 
its  domestic  peace,  of  its  cjuiet  growth,  of  its  constant  bless- 
ings, and  of  the  tender  and  loving  remembrance  of  its  means 
of  grace  by  those  who  have  shared  in  its  nurture  and  com- 
munion. Most  of  those  who  composed  the  Church  when  its 
present  pastor  came  to  it  have  passed  "  to  where  beyond 
these  voices  there  is  peace."  But  in  their  children  and 
children's  children,  and  in  other  successors,  the  Church  sur- 
vives and  flourishes  amid  the  removals  of  time  and  death. 

Grateful  recognition  of  the  invaluable  work  of  the  good 
zvoincii  of  the  Church  is  due.  It  is  a  fault  of  all  histories  that, 
for  the  most  part,  they  omit  the  feminine  forces  and  influ- 
ences in  society  from  their  records.  In  the  churches  of 
Christ,  from  the  beginning,  these  forces  and  influences, 
though  comparatively  silent  and  unobtrusive,  have  been  pre- 
dominant. So,  most  certainly,  has  it  been  here.  The  life 
and  powxr  and  blessing  of  this  Church,  for  the  last  thirty 
years,  at  least,  have  largely  resided  in  the  goodly  and  de- 
voted sisterhood  of  it. 

The  vSunday-school,  under  a  wuse  administration,  has 
been   a   most   efficient   arm   of   the   general    service.      The 


Rev.  Edunn  Pond  Parker  257 

admirable  work  done  in  the  primary  department  for  several 
years  past,  by  Mrs.  Laura  Gilbert  and  her  associates,  merits 
the  g-ratitude  of  all  who  have  the  welfare  of  little  children  at 
heart.  And.  for  so  many  years,  Mr.  Lucius  F.  Robinson, 
whose  father  and  grandfather  preceded  him  in  the  office,  has 
assiduously  and  successfully  superintended  the  school, 
attracting  to  his  aid  competent  assistants  and  instructors. 
The  choir  of  the  Second  Church  also  deserves  grateful 
mention  for  its  cordial  co-operation  with  the  aims  and  efforts 
of  those  who  have  been  entrusted  with  the  direction  of  pub- 
lic worship.  For  twenty  years  the  pastor  has,  as  a  rule, 
spent  Saturday  evening-  with  his  choir,  at  rehearsals,  finding 
himself  not  an  intruder  among  fractious  and  quarrelsome 
folk,  but  at  home  with  ladies  and  gentlemen  ready  in  all 
sweet  reasonableness  to  do  their  utmost  in  promoting-  his 
purposes,  and  in  securing  a  harmony  and  unity  of  devotional 
service.  The  names  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  Huntington,' 
Mrs.  Charles  Wilson,  Mrs.  Rogers,  Mrs.  Marion  (Keeney) 
Williams,  Mr.  Trask,  Mr.  Spencer,  who  for  more  than  tw-enty 
years  has  been  at  his  post  nor  falters  yet,  and  of  Mr.  John 
Gallup,  the  accomplished  and  devoted  organist  and  leader, — 
not  to  mention  others  most  worthy,  —  are  cherished  in  grati- 
tude and  affection  by  South  Church  people. 

"  The  Lord  shall  count,  when  he  writeth  up  the  people,     ...     as 
well  the  singers  as  the  players  on  instruments  !  " 

It  surely  deserves  notice  that  this  Church  has  been 
greatly  blessed  in  the  communion  and  fellowship  of  the 
other  Churches  of  the  vicinage,  and  in  the  counsels  and  min- 
istrations of  the  able,  kindly,  and  godly  pastors  who  have 
lived  and  labored  together  here  in  a  beautiful  unity.  This 
tribute  of  gratitude  and  affection,  the  pastor  of  this  Church, 
in  the  name  of  the  Church,  pays  to  his  brethren  in  the  minis- 
try, of  all  Churches,  to  the  living  and  to  the  departed.  Not 
one  of  the  ministers  of  Hartford  who,  in  i860,  kindly  greeted 

'Mrs.  Huntington  is  a  direct  descendant,  through  her  mother  —  Marcia 
White, —  of  John  White  who  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Second  Church, 
and  its  only  known  Elder.     See  pages  59  and  60. 
^7 


258  History  of  the  Church 

his  arrival  here,  survives.  The  last  of  that  "g-oodly  fellow- 
ship of  the  prophets  "  suddenly  fell  asleep  on  an  October  day 
in  1887,  —  that  great-minded,  great-hearted,  most  manly, 
most  womanly,  most  beloved,  and  every  way  remarkable  Dr. 
Burton  !  in  whose  death  every  church  in  Hartford  was  dis- 
tinctly and  greatly  bereaved. 

And  last,  but  possibly  not  least,  the  vSecond  Church  owes 
more  than  is  commonly  known,  to  the  flawless  fidelity  and 
diligence  in  the  hard  duties  of  his  humble  but  honorable 
vocation  of  John  Hassett,  the  sexton.  Such  "  a  doorkeeper 
in  the  house  of  God  "  is  seldom  found.  It  were  rude  to  fail 
of  respect  and  honor  here  towards  a  man  so  guileless,  a  ser- 
vant so  good  and  faithful. 


Here,  then,  our  task  undertaken  with  reluctance  and 
pursued  in  a  feeling  of  great  personal  unfitness  for  it,  may 
most  suitably  conclude.  Would  that  it  might  have  fallen 
to  more  capable  hands.  But  because  such  hands  seemed 
wanting,  therefore,  out  of  abounding  love  and  honor  for  this 
dear  old  Church,  and  with  such  measure  of  diligence,  accu- 
racy, and  candor  as  he  possessed,  the  writer  has  composed 
this  chronicle,  which,  however  imperfect,  he  hopes  may 
seem  to  have  some  value  and  honor  in  the  days  to  come. 

He  cannot  close  it,  however,  without  confessing  to  the 
people  of  his  charge  his  debt  of  gratitude  to  them  for  their 
unwearied  patience,  kindness,  and  charity  toward  him.  For 
thirty-three  years,  many  of  which  have  been  years  of  extraor- 
dinary public  excitement,  there  has  been  no  quarrel,  no 
contention  here.  We  have  borne  the  burden  and  heat  of 
a  long,  toilful,  but  glorious  day.  Our  communion  in  joys 
and  sorrows,  in  work  and  worship,  has  been  very  sweet. 
We  have  laid  to  their  earthly  rest  many  dear  comrades, 
brave  men  and  gentle  women,  whose  names  and  faces  are 
enshrined  in  our  loving  memories.  The  bugle-note  sounded 
in  the   first  sermon  preached   by  the  writer  in  this  Second 


Rev.  Edwin  Pond  Parke/-  259 

Church  of  Hartford,  he  sounds  again,  speaking  unto  the 
children  of  Israel  that  they  "  go  forward  !  " 

In  the  land  of  ''  The  Long  Ago  "  it  is  both  pleasant  and 
profitable  to  linger  for  awhile.  In  its  twilight  solitudes  all 
is  still  and  restful,  and  an  atmosphere  of  mystery  and 
sacredness  abounds.  The  very  ground  is  holy,  for  there  are 
the  living  roots  of  all  the  wide-spreading  prosperities  of 
the  present  age.  There,  too,  are  the  graves  of  those  heroic 
men  and  women  by  whose  toils  and  sacrifices  were  sown  in 
tears  the  precious  seed  of  such  golden  harvests  as  men  now 
reap  with  songs. 

But  the  "good,  old  times"  were,  after  all,  comparatively 
dark,  dismal,  and  undesirable.  The  conditions  of  life  were 
narrow  and  hard  and  poor.  Under  the  rigidities  of 
religious  discipline  hypocrisies  flourished.  Under  pernicious 
restraints  mischievous  eccentricities  and  abnormal  types  of 
character  were  too  often  developed.  Not  only  do  we  live 
amid  material  comforts  that  make  our  world  far  more 
endurable  and  enjoyable  than  that  of  former  ages,  but  we 
possess  an  intellectual  light,  a  social  welfare,  a  civil  and 
spiritual  freedom,  of  which  our  forefathers  scarcely  dreamed. 
The  Promised  Land,  the  Golden  Age  is  yet  to  arrive  ! 

The  fact  of  a  church  more  than  two  hundred  years  old, 
that  dates  almost  from  the  first  settlement  of  the  community 
in  which  it  exists,  living  on  from  age  to  age  as  a  continuous 
power  for  good,  gradually  gathering  into  its  fold  and  em- 
bracing with  its  ministrations  of  mercy  generation  after  gen- 
eration, and  amid  all  vicissitudes  still  uplifting  its  holy 
prayers  and  psalms,  whose  echoes  float  on  forever,  touches 
the  chords  of  imagination  and  veneration.  In  this  fact 
is  somehow  given  to  us  the  consciousness  of  an  organic  life, 
through  which  the  spiritual  forces  of  the  distant  past  act 
upon  us  and  quicken  us.  Hence  the  subtle  and  graceful  in- 
spirations of  holy  memories  and  associations.  The  repose  of 
history  is  shed  upon  our  tumultuous  life.  In  this  wide  and 
august  communion  of  saints  we  are  sobered,  steadied,  com- 
forted, encouraged. 


26o  History  of  the  Church 

Through  all  the  changes  of  two  centuries  this  Church 
has  stood,  where  its  noble  founders  placed  it,  upon  the 
broad  and  sure  foundation  "of  the  prophets  and  apostles, 
Jesus  Christ  Himself  being  the  chief  corner-stone."  The 
worship  of  God  has  been  maintained  and  the  sacraments  of 
the  Church  have  been  administered  in  her  sanctuaries,  almost 
without  interruption.  The  sacred  fire  kindled  upon  her  rude 
altar  more  than  two  centuries  ago  has  never  been  ex- 
tinguished ! ' 

Dear,  ancient  Church,  thou  art  compassed  about  with  a 
great  cloud  of  witnesses  !  God  bless  thee  forever,  and  make 
thy  sons  and  daughters  in  the  future  an  honor  to  the  men 
and  women  of  the  past  by  whom  they  are  honored  ! 

Till  the  Son  of  Man  shall  come  again  in  glory,  mayest 
thou  stand  secure  and  flourishing  upon  the  eternal  founda- 
tions, and  thy  light  still  shine  more  and  more  purely  and 
brightly  in  this  community  ! 

"  Peace  be  within  thy  walls !  Prosperity  within  thy 
palaces  ! "  For  my  brethren  and  companions'  sake  I  will 
now  say. 

Peace  Be  within  Thee  ! 

1  Between  the  pastorate  of  Mr.  Whiting  and  that  of  Mr.  Buckingham  there  was 
an  interval  of  five  years.  During  the  Revolutionary  War  the  Church  was  without  a 
pastor  for  seven  years.  With  these  exceptions  the  pastors  have  followed  each  the 
other  in  remarkably  close  succession.  Kot  counting  the  brief  service  of  Dr.  Whit- 
man's colleague,  there  have  been  ten  pastors  in  this  succession,  making  the  average 
term  of  pastoral  service  a  little  more  than  twenty-two  years.  Thomas  Buckingham 
served  thirty-seven  years,  Dr.  Whitman  served  forty-four  years,  Dr.  Flint  served 
thirty-three  years,  and  the  present  pastor  has  entered  upon  his  thirty-fourth  year. 
This  record  is  certainly  a  remarkable  one,  and  speaks  well  for  the  Church  and 
Society. 


APPENDIX   I 


PAPERS  RELATING  TO  THE  EARLY  CONTROVERSY  IN 
THE  CHURCH  IN  HARTFORD,  1656-59. 

In  the  second  volume  of  the  Connecticut  Historical  Society's  Collec- 
tions, edited  by  Dr.  J.  Hammond  Trumbull  (1870),  may  be  found  the 
valuable  papers  referred  to  in  the  title  above,  printed  from  copies  of  the 
originals  in  the  British  Museum,  together  with  the  learned  editor's  notes 
and  comments  upon  them. 

In  this  appendix  only  such  portions  and  descriptions  of  these  papers 
are  given  as  serve  to  illustrate  the  attitude,  spirit,  and  motives  of  the 
minority  or  ' '  withdrawing '"  party  in  the  controversy.  The  important 
letter  of  June  11,  1656,  signed  by  George  Steele  and  twenty  others  of 
the  minority  party,  is  printed  in  the  first  chapter  of  this  book,  page  23, 
and  therefore  is  omitted  here.  For  the  same  reason  the  letter  of  March 
20,  1656,  is  omitted  here  ;  see  chapter  i,  page  25. 


Appendix  I  263 


NOTES  OF  WHAT  PASSED  BETWEEN  CAPT.  JOHN  CULLICK  AND 
THE   REV.  MR.  STONE. 

Cullick.  If  he  had  declared  that  we  had  not  taken  content  in  his 
tryall,  the  Church  might  have  had  no  other  consideration;  but  he  not 
declaring  any  such,  then  it  Heth  on  our  part  to  hold  forth  something  to 
him,  that  we  either  do  like  and  approve  of  him  or  not. 

Mr.  Stone.  I  do  not  think  it  is  necessarie  for  him  to  expresse  any 
dislike.  Mr.  Michall  never  expressed  any  dislike  when  he  left  the  con- 
greg:  as  we  are  not  to  express  any  dislike  of  him,  that  must  be  known 
first,  whether  he  go  to  the  Bay  absolutelie  resolved  neu'  to  return. 

Cullick.  That  must  be  as  we  carry  towards  him:  we  have  had  a 
tryall:  is  it  meet  we,  now  the  time  is  out,  we  should  let  him  go  away 
and  never  say  what  our  further  desires  are  of  him  ? 

[The  discussion  of  which  this  is  a  fragment  probabl}'  occurred  at  some 
meeting  of  the  Hartford  Church,  when  the  question  of  calUng  a  minister  as 
Rev.  Mr.  Stone's  colleague  was  imder  consideration.  Mr.  Hooker  died  in 
1647.  In  1649  Rev.  Jonathan  Mitchell,  then  tutor  at  Cambridge,  preached  in 
Hartford  by  invitation,  and  was  called  to  settle  here  as  pastor,  but  declined 
the  call.  Some  years  after,  perhaps  in  1653,  Michael  Wigglesworth  preached 
here.] 

II 

REPLY  OF  THE  WITHDRAWERS  TO  A  COMMUNICATION  RECEIVED 
FROM  THE  CHURCH. 

See  Chapter  First,  page  23. 

Ill 

FROM  THE  WITHDRAWERS  TO  THE  CHURCH. 
See  Chapter  First,  page  25,  where  most  of  this  paper  is  printed. 

IV 
MR.  STONE'S  RESIGNATION  OF  OFFICE  IN  THE  CHURCH. 

Mr.  St.  express:  w"  hee  laid  downe  his  place. 

That  he  would  lay  downe  his  place  and  office  power:  That  he  should 
not  improve  that  power,  or  act  as  an  officer  anymore  amongst  them: 
That  hee  would  not  have  the  ch:  thinke  they  were  noth[ing]  but  great 
words,  but  hee  would  have  them  Assure  themselves  hee  did  not  onely 
say  it,  but  hee  would  doe  it;  tooke  his  leave  of  the  Congregation,  thank- 
ing them  for  all  theire  Loue  and  Respect  to  him,  teUing  them  that  if  any 
Bro:  thought  hee  had  received  more  than  his  Labo''s  deserved  or  an- 
swered, hee  would  restore  it  to  y">:  professing  allso  that  hee  did  it  not 
out  of  any  disrespect  to  them,  nor  with  respect  to  any  place  or  imploym' 


264  History  of  the  Church 

of  greater  honor  and  advantage  that  was  in  his  view,  for  hee  professed 
hee  Knew  not  whither  to  goe,  but  if  hee  could  doe  any  th:  for  the  Ch: 
where  euer  hee  came,  in  procuring  them  another  in  his  room,  hee  would 
doe  it;  for  another  might  doe  good  in  this  place,  though  he  could  not; 
that  he  clearly  saw  that  his  worke  was  done  in  this  place,  and  that  hee 
had  the  Advice  of  the  Ablest  Elders  in  the  Bay  for  what  hee  did. 

Uppon  this,  severall  of  the  Ch:  at  the  same  time  lamented  theire 
sad  condition,  that  they  should  be  Left  as  Sheepe  w"'out  a  Shepheard, 
and  what  should  they  do  on  the  Saboath  dayes,  with  severall  other  ex- 
pressions to  the  same  purpose. 

Then  he  replyed,  that  if  the  Brethren  desired  it,  while  hee  tarried 
amongst  them  and  as  hee  was  able,  hee  would  speak  to  them  on  the 
Saboath  dayes,  as  a  Brother;  and  upon  this  the  meeting  broke  up. 

Since  this,  hee  hath  refused  to  act  as  an  officer;  and  before  there 
was  any  Leader  or  moderato'  chosen,  hee  tooke  the  voate  of  the  ch: 
about  acquitting  him,  and  said  he  did  put  that  voate  not  as  an  ofificer 
but  as  a  brother.  Lastly  the  majo""  p'  of  the  Brethren  then  mett  have 
(as  we  conceive  disordeiiy)  chosen  (as  they  say)  another  to  lead  the  ch: 
in  his  roome. 

[In  dorso:]  June  ii"",  56. 

Mr.  Stone's  speech  when  hee  laid  downe  his  place. 

[The  date  is  not  of  Mr.  Stone's  resignation,  but  of  the  indorsement  of  the 
paper.  This  paper  and  the  preceding  ones  were  probably  a  part  of  the  case 
submitted  by  the  withdrawers  to  the  first  council  held  in  June,  1656.] 


V 

FROM  MINISTERS  IN  MASSACHUSETTS  TO  CAPT.  JOHN  CULLICK  AND 
ELDER  WILLIAM  GOODWIN  OP  HARTFORD. 

[It  is  not  worth  while  to  print  this  paper  here.  It  was  signed  by  John 
Wilson,  Richard  Mather,  Samuel  Whiting,  John  Sherman,  and  John  Norton, 
and  was  dated  Aug.  4th,  1656,  or  about  two  months  after  the  council  of 
June,  1656,  at  Hartford. 

It  begins  with  expressions  of  deep  regret  that  the  breach  at  Hartford 
"  still  continues  unhealed,  notwithstanding  the  endeavor  of  the  late  reverend 
council."  (It  should  be  remembered  that  Mr.  Stone  and  his  party  did  not 
accept  the  result  of  that  council,  and  declared  it  "of  no  force.")  Then  the 
Mass.  Elders  suggest  a  conference  of  both  parties  at  Hartford,  with  "  breth- 
ren from  these  parts,"  either  in  Boston  or  Hartford ,  for  the  "  timous  compos- 
ure of  y'  differences  of  your  church."  They  say  that  they  are  "  to  this  day 
uncertain  of  the  particulars  of  your  dissent,"  and  that  they  are  "unpraeoc- 
cupated  as  to  any  partie."  From  their  letter  it  appears  that  Mr.  Stone  was 
then  in  Boston.  Most  of  the  letter  is  given  up  to  outpourings  of  sorrow  in 
view  of  so  great  a  breach  and  scandal  in  a  church  of  so  much  reputation 
hitherto.] 


Appendix   I  265 

VI 

FROM    CHURCHES  IN    MASSACHUSETTS  TO  THE  CHURCH   IN 
HARTFORD. 

[This  letter  is  too  long  and  irrelevant  to  reproduce  here.  It  bears 
date  Sept.,  '56.  It  bewails  the  condition  of  things  at  Hartford,  gives 
much  solemn  exhortation,  and  makes  suggestions  of  conferences  in  the 

spring.] 

VII 
FROM  THE  WITHDRAWERS  TO  THE  CHURCH. 

Dear  Breathren:  — 

The  sight  and  perusall  of  your  letter  hath  caused  us  many  thoughts 
of  hart  what  to  return  to  you,  what  to  our  selues,  what  to  our  Lord  and 
Master,  whom  we  Know  to  be  the  Prince  of  Peace,  sent  from  the  Father 
of  peace,,  and  sending  his  Spirit  to  lead  us  in  the  ways  of  peace  by  those 
means  of  peace  which  himself  hath  appointed,  and  whom  we  Know  alsoe 
to  be  the  Amen,  the  faithfull  and  true  witness,  the  same  yeasterday,  to 
day,  and  the  yea  for  euer:  and  that  faithfulnes  hath  ben  shewed  in 
giving  for  us  our  straight,  stable,  suer,  imutable  waj^  of  peace,  out  of 
^^'hich  he  would  not  have  us  to  wander  under  the  pretence  of  peace,  lest 
wher  [we]  seek  lying  vanityes  we  forsake  our  own  mercies:  the  con- 
sideration whereof  we  have  often,  and  desire  we  may  alway,  have  in  our 
eye:  and  accordingly  attend  your  proposall. 

Whose  harts  are  for  peace,  he  only  that  searcheth  the  hart  can  dis- 
cearn;  whose  wayes  are  for  peace,  he  can  and  will  discover:  and  that 
we  have  walked  in  those  wayes  we  have  the  testimony  of  our  con- 
sciences within,  and  that  evidence  of  rule  that  will  clear  it  without  to 
the  world;  for  whereas  to  the  wounding  of  our  harts  their  grew  a  breach 
in  our  peace,  wee  propounded  our  thoughts  and  judgments  of  the  rule, 
and  attended  that  way  of  debate  which  your  Selues  judged  most  accord- 
ing to  rule;  and  you  expressed  yCselves  that  if  we  would  but  give  in 
our  things  in  writting,  you  looked  that  the  differences  wear  euen  at  an 
end;  which,  as  we  feared,  we  have  found  a  sad  mistake. 

In  our  writting,  we  presented  that  which  we  accounted  and  judged 
rule  and  reason.  And  yo''selves  not  concurring  wnth  us,  we,  after  many 
propositions  and  prayers,  obtayned  a  councell  of  p''sons  suiting  and  an- 
swering yo""  propositions  and  desires;  wherein  how  far  wee  condescended 
and  denyed  our  selues  to  seek  peace  your  selues  Know,  and  we  Know^ 
and  can  evince  how  loath  we  wear  it  should  haue  beene  as  it  was,  which 
yett  at  last  we  granted. 

When  this  Councell  was  come,  and  we  had  declared  our  things  to  them , 
(as  we  thought  we  had  said  what  was  rule  and  reason,  soe)  they,  in  most 
of  our  things,  concurred  with  us,  and  strenghned  our  thoughts;  whearin 
they  did  not,  we  readily  attended  their  councill,  and  their  abide,  which 


266  History  of  tJie  Church 

we  think  was  according  to  rule.  And  now  if  you  can  show  your  actings 
soe  for  peace,  there  will  be  the  less  difference.  Wee  have  thought  it 
was  reason,  we  held  foorth  for  a  way  of  peace  and  scripture  light  for 
what  we  pleaded:  you  thought  otherwise,  and  called  in  theise  persons 
for  their  help  between  us  or  to  either  of  us:  and  wee  attende,  and  you 
doe  not;  haue  we  not  forgone  our  owne  thoughts  for  a  councill,  and  in  a 
councill,  and  yet  haue  them  concurring  with  us,  when  your  selues  doe 
neither  soe,  nor  soe,  and  yett  still  ar  calling  for  converting  light? 

Off  which  who  shall  be  judge,  or  when  shall  we  know  that  we  haue 
attended  the  multitude  of  councillers  in  which  their  is  safety  ? 

You  commend  to  us  the  waves  of  peace.  But  wheare  do  you  in  all 
your  letter  go  about  to  prove  your  proposall  a  way  of  peace  or  a  rule  of 
Christ  ?  Sillogismes  we  are  not  skilled  in,  yett  we  look  at  the  reason  of 
the  letter,  in  our  way  of  reasoning,  to  be  thus:  — That  if  we  agree  in  so 
many  things,  then  we  must  and  ought  to  agree  in  sending  to  the  Bay 
for  Elders,  and  to  them  of  the  late  councill ;  though  there  be  no  rule  or 
reason  aplyed. 

Whear  is  the  convincing  light  heer  held  foorth  to  us,  or  such  course 
taken  to  doe  it,  as  we  haue  done  towards  you?  And,  Brethren,  suppose 
their  wear  a  rule  to  call  another  councill,  which  hath  not  yett  bin  shewn 
us  ;  hath  the  hardness  of  our  agreement  to  choose  the  former  councill 
(whearin  you  pleaded  that  if  we  did  not  take  that  you  Knew  not  wheather 
ever  we  should  agree  for  any  one  councill  or  noe)  made  it  so  easye  now  ? 
Wee  wear  then  long  skanning  and  debating  of  the  persons  ;  and  is  it 
noe  more  now  but  send  to  the  Matacbusets  for  their  Elders,  who  perhaps 
may  not,  at  least  some  of  them,  be  so  fitted  every  way  for  our  work. 
And  for  the  Elders  of  the  late  councill,  wee  see  not  that  your  inter- 
teynment  of  their  councell  hath  been  such  as  would  be  any  incoradg- 
ment  to  them  to  com  againe,  except  they  see  things  in  another  frame. 

Now  Brethren,  we  profess  in  words  of  truth,  all  things  considered, 
we  Know  no  rule  warranting  us  to  graunt  your  request,  neither  doe  you 
shew  us  any,  if  we  understand  your  meaning. 

Therefore,  Deare  Brethren,  we  doe  beseech  and  intreat  you,  in  the 
fear  of  the  Lord  and  for  the  sake  of  Christ,  to  yield  to  that  councell 
that  is  already  given:  Either,  in  the  first  part  of  it,  which  would  be  mat- 
ter of  great  rejoicing  and  comfort  to  our  hearts,  if  your  light  and  con- 
science can  come  thearunto;  or  elce  that  you  would,  in  like  tendernesse 
towards  us,  graunt  us  our  dismission,  according  to  our  desire  formerly 
exprest:  that  soe  boeth  you  and  wee  may  bee  in  a  capacity  to  enjoy  the 
good  things  of  Christ  asunder,  which  wee  have  now  soe  longe  time  been 
deprived  off  in  our  being  together.  And  soe  we  rest  yo"'  loving  breth- 
ren ;  in  the  name  of  the  rest, 

John  Webster,  William  Goodwin, 

John  Cullick,  Andrew  Bacon, 

Hartford,  March  13  |  14,  56-57. 

[In  dorso:]  O'  letter  to  Mr.  Stone  &  the  Ch:  desiring  them  to  attend 
the  advice  of  o'  Councell,  March  13  f|. 


Appendix   I  267 

VIII 

MR.  STONE'S  ACKNOWLEDGMENT  AND  STATEMENT  OF  HIS  POSITION. 

1.  I  acknowledge  y'  it  is  a  liberty  of  y"  church  to  declare  their 
apprehensions  by  vote  about  y«  fitness  of  a  p'son  for  office  upon  his 
Tryall. 

2.  I  look  at  it  as  a  received  Truth  y'  an  officer  may  in  some  cases 
hinder  y°  church  fro  putting  forth  at  this  or  y^  time  an  act  of  her  liberty. 

3.  I  acknowledge  y'  I  hindered  y"'  church  fro  declaring  their  appre- 
hensions by  vote  (upon  y«  day  in  question)  concerning  Mr.  "Wiggles- 
worth's  fitness  for  office  in  y«  church  of  Hartford. 

4.  I  am  not  conscious  to  myselfe  y'  I  intended  therein  y«  least  just 
grievance  to  any  brother,  yet  w°  I  discerned  that  it  was  grievous  to 
diverse  brethren,  and  I  had  expressed  my  own  apprehensions  about 
y"  rule  in  y  case,  I  should  have  been  willing  to  have  left  y*'  church  (had 
they  desired  it)  to  their  liberty  in  voting. 

5.  As  concerning  y*  manner  of  y®  carriage  of  this  businesse  I  suspect 
myself,  that  I  might  faile  therein  ;  and  whatever  error  or  failing  therein 
God  shall  discover  to  me  by  y^  helpe  of  any  of  y«  Elders  of  y«  late 
reverend  Assembly,  or  of  y^  dissenting  brethren,  taking  in  y«  help  of  y« 
messengers  fro  y«  churches  of  y*  Bay,  my  hearty  desire  is  not  only  to 
freely  acknowledge  it,  but  heartily  to  be  thankful  to  any  or  all  of  y""  by 
whom  such  light  shall  be  p''sented. 

6.  In  publishing  my  considerations  together  with  y*  determina- 
tions of  Y"  late  reverend  Assembly  at  that  time,  I  acted  unseasonably. 

Sam  :  Stone. 
This  18"'  of  2™ 
1657- 

[On  the  same  document,  under  date  of  the  20th  of  same  month,  was 
written  as  follows  ;  1 

1.  Touching  y"  matter  of  suspension,  I  owne  y*  sentence  of  the 
Councell  therein. 

2.  W"  the  charge  of  infringement  had  been  debated  in  the  church 
at  two  meetings,  wherein  I  had  answered  for  myselfe,  one  brother 
after  this  desired  M''  Goodwin  to  clear  mee,  or  to  prove  that  charge.  M^ 
Goodwin  said,  if  any  would  charge  him,  he  would  answer  him,  and  that 
was  all  he  did  say ;  yet  to  prevent  trouble  and  for  other  reasons, 
ye  church  thought  meet  to  express  their  apprehensions  for  my  clearing. 

3.  Touching  attorneyship  :  w"  y«  dissenting  brethren  charged  me 
with  infringment,  I  appeared  and  answered  in  person  two  severall 
times,  if  no  more,  and  at  a  following  meeting  the  church  acquitted  mee  ; 
afterwards  Capt.  CuUick  p''sented  a  paper  win  he  charged  mee  w"*  y* 
said  infringmen',  from  which  y«  church,  having  formerly  acquitted  mee, 
returned  y«  paper  subscribed,  as  an  answer  thereunto. 


2  68  History  of  the  Church 

4.  As  for  y  choice  of  a  moderator,  it  proi^ly  and  mostly  concerns 
y«  brethren  and  y"  person  chosen  :  But  so  far  as  I  acted  by  advising  to 
it,  it  was  y  present  exigence  of  y«  church  y'  led  me  thereunto. 

[The  above  paper  was  drawn  up  while  the  Elders  and  messengers  from 
Massachusetts  were  in  Hartford.  In  a  note  upon  it  by  Dr.  J.  Hammond 
Trumbull,  "its  cautious  concessions  and  grudging  acknowledgment  of  the 
writer's  suspicion  of  his  own  error  or  failing  "  are  remarked.  In  what  is  said 
about  charges  "of  infringment "  made  against  Mr.  Stone  by  a  party  in  the 
church,  the  root  of  the  differences  is  doubtless  touched  ;  but  on  zuhat  grounds 
that  charge  was  made,  is  not  clear.  The  nature  of  the  differences  is  indi- 
cated, though  the  facts  are  obscured.  Mr.  Stone  was  high-handed  and 
uncongregational  in  his  assumption  and  exercise  of  authority,  as  his  own 
grudging  concessions  show.] 

IX 

MR.  STONE'S   LETTER  FROM   THE   BAY,    TO   THE   CHURCH   AT  HART- 
FORD, WITH  CERTAIN  PROPOSITIONS,  &C. 

[Instead  of  giving  this  letter  in  full,  I  shall  present  only  a  digest  of  its 
more  important  portions.  It  was  written  about  the  first  of  August,  1657. 
The  Bay  Elders  and  Messengers  had  been  in  Hartford  but  a  short  time 
before  "to  endeavor  a  reconciliation"  between  the  parties  there,  and  had 
effected  some  sort  of  Pacification.  (See  Conn.  Col.  Rec,  1:290-291,  and 
Hull's  Diary,  3  :  180.)  Mr.  Stone  begins  this  letter  by  expressing  his  gratitude 
that  God  "hath  so  comfortably  composed  those  troublesome  difficulties 
which  were  between  us,"  and  his  hope  that  they  may  be  guided  in  the  ways 
of  love  &  peace. 

If  he  felt  able  to  administer  the  affairs  of  the  church  successfully,  he  would 
not  think  of  separating  himself  from  it,  but  his  age  and  infirmities  make  him 
apprehensive  that  he  may  not  be  able  to  cope  with  the  difficult  matters  of  the 
pastorate  there ;  also  he  fears  a  possible  outbreak  of  the  old  dissensions. 
It  may  be  better,  he  suggests,  for  him  to  retire,  and  minister  in  some  other 
field.  But,  if  the  Hartford  Church  luill  accept  certain  propositions  ivkich 
he  presents,  he  will  continue  to  be  their  minister.  The  propositions  are,  sub- 
stantially, as  follows  : 

I.  The  Church  of  Christ  at  Hartford  shall  bind  themselves  in  the  pres- 
ence of  God  to  Samuel  Stone,  their  teacher,  "to  submit  to  every  doctrine 
which  he  shall  propound  to  them,  grounded  uppon  the  sacred  Scriptures,  and 
confirmed  by  such  reasons  from  the  word  of  God,  that  no  man  is  able  to 
gainsay."  And  Samuel  Stone  binds  himself  to  "attend  any  reason  "  which 
shall  be  presented  to  him  by  any  brother  of  the  church  who  shall  offer 
to  dispute  with  him,  and  so  bring  his  doctrine  to  public  trial.  The  reason- 
ableness of  this  remarkable  "covenant  "  is  painfully  argued. 

II.  The  church  shall  bind  themselves  not  to  bring  in  atiy  officer  to 
join  with  Samuel  Stone  "  without  his  consent  and  approbation." 

III.  The  church  shall  allow  Samuel  Stone  full  liberty  to  "  seek  out 
a  help  to  him,"  in  preaching,  and  to  propound  such  an  one  as  he  judges 
fit  &  suitable  to  the  church,  "who  shall  give  their  free  consent  if  Samuel 
Stone  can  give  in  sufficient  testimony  and  evydence  of  his  godlynesse,  learn- 
ing, ability,  and  fitness  for  that  employment ! " 


Appendix   I  269 

IV.  He  expects  the  church  to  engage  to  procure  some  able  physician 
to  dwell  in  Hartford  "  before  the  next  October,"  if  possible. 

Comment  on  such  propositions,  in  the  circumstances,  is  unnecessary.  It  is 
no  wonder  that  Hull's  Diary  speaks  shortly  after  of  "  the  breach  at  Hartford 
again  renewed;"  of  "God  leaving  Mr.  Stone,  their  officer,  to  some  indiscre- 
tion;" and  of  "Satan  taking  occasion  also  by  Mr.  Stone's  absence  some 
weeks  from  them."    The  next  letter  shows  how  the  Pacification  ended.] 


X 

LETTER    FROM    THE    WITHDRAWERS    TO     OTHER    CHURCHES,     IX- 
CLOSING  THEIR  REASONS  FOR  SEPARATION. 

Reverend  and  Dearly  Beloved  in  Our  Lord  Jesus,  in  whome 
we  wish  you  the  muhiplication  of  grace,  mercy,  and  peace,  the  which 
wee  hope  wee  shall  so  much  the  more  earnestly  pray  for  yo''  enjoyment 
of,  by  how  much  the  more  bitter  we  have  felt  the  absence  and  loss  of  the 
same,     .... 

Wee  having  long  lived  in  the  fire  of  contention,  using  and  seeking 
means  to  the  utmost  that  wee  might  have  quenched  the  flame,  .  . 
finding  ourselves  scorched  more  and  more  therewith,  have  been  forced 
by  M''  Stone's  breaking  of  our  pacification,  after  all  other  trouble,  to  flee 
from  that  which  wee  could  neither  quench  nor  beare  ;  which,  what 
sorrow  of  heart  it  is  unto  us,  hee  only  that  searcheth  the  heart  knows  ; 
.  .  .  .  Somewhat  of  the  ground  of  our  withdrawing  wee  have  sent 
you  heere  inclosed,  and  may,  as  we  see  the  Lord  calling  us,  declare 
further  ;  our  meaning  therein  being  onely  that,  as  becomes  Christians, 
wee  might  be  ready  to  give  an  acco'  of  our  actions  and  courses  which 
else  might  in  themselves  look  doubtfully,  and  bee  by  others  represented 
otherwise  than  indeed  they  are.  So,  desiring  your  earnest  prayers 
to  the  Lord  for  us,  and  your  favorable  construction  of  that  course  which 
our  meere  necessity  and  conscience  enforceth  us  to,  we  desire  the 
presence  of  the  Lord  with  you  and  his  blessing  upon  j-ou  ;  we  take  leave 
and  rest. 

Your  sorrowfuU  and  disconsolate  friends, 

John  Webster, 
Hartford,  Nov.  11"'  :  57.  John  Cullick, 

Willi"'  Goodwin. 


[This  letter  —  most  of  which  we  have  given  —  mentions  an  "  inclosed  " 
paper  containing  "the  ground  of  our  withdrawing."  That  paper,  unfor- 
tunately, has  not  been  found. 

This  letter  also,  in  a  postscript,  mentions  "  a  former  paper  bearing  date 
26'"  October,"  which  was  probably  the  "remonstrance  sent  to  the  church  at 
Hartford"  (mentioned  in  the  next  paper),  and  which  was  afterwards  "pub- 
lished and  read  in  several  churches,"  which  has  not  been  found.] 


270  History  of  t/ie  C/iurch 

XI 

COMPLAINT  OF  NATHANIEL  BARDING  AND  OTHERS  OF  THE 
CHURCH,  AGAINST  MR.  WEBSTER  AND  OTHERS  OF  THE  DIS- 
SENTING BRETHREN,  PRESENTED  TO  THE  GENERAL  COURT. 

The  4""  of  December,  1657  : 

A  Declaration  of  sev^all  grievances  and  offenses  given  by  M'' 
Webster,  Capt.  CuUick,  Mr.  Goodwin,  and  Andrew  Bacon,  and  the 
other  subscribers  to  a  remonstrance  sent  to  the  Ch:  of  Christ  at  Hart- 
ford, now  published  and  read  in  several  churches,  tending  to  the 
defamation  of  Mr.  Stone  and  the  Ch:  at  Hartford,  and  to  the  breach  of 
the  peace  of  the  Chs.  and  commonwealth,  which  wee  whose  names  are 
subscribed  humbly  present  to  this  honored  court  for  relief,  helpe, 
and  direction,  desiring  it  may  be  duly  considered.  (See  note  to  the  pre- 
vious paper.) 

Their  offenses  are  these  which  follow  : 

1.  Wee  conceive  that  they  have  violated  their  covenant  with  us 
which  they  have  not  only  made,  but  lately  renewed  in  a  solemn  manner, 
.  .  .  .  and  yet  they  repeat  former  [matters]  which  were  all  issued 
according  to  the  Counsell  of  the  late  reverend  Elders  and  Messengers 
sent  from  seven  churches  in  Mattachusetts,  whereby  they  make  it  appear 
that  they  refuse  to  stand  to  that  determination,  to  which  wee  and  the 
Ch:  doe  stand  firmly  according  to  our  agreement  and  ingagement. 

[But  the  withdrawers  stood  steadfastly  by  the  result  of  the/rj/  Council 
—  June,  1656  — which  Mr.  Stone  condemned  and  publicly  discredited.  They 
affirmed  (see  next  paper)  that  the  Elders  and  Messengers  from  Massachusetts 
had  never  "been  called  or  owned  by  us  a  Counsell";  and  they  charged 
Mr.  Stone  with  breaking  the  Pacification  made  by  those  Elders  and  Messen- 
gers, and  renewing  the  former  offences.] 

2.  They  have  withdrawn  themselves  from  all  Ch:  communion  with 
us,  not  giving  us  any  convincing  reason  out  of  the  word  of  God  for  their 
withdrawing  from  us,  &c.,  &c. 

[The  remainder  of  this  specification  is  an  amplification  of  the  foregoing, 
charging  the  withdrawers  with  acting  unreasonably  both  in  their  withdraw- 
ing and  in  their  letters  and  papers,  to  the  defamation  of  Mr.  Stone,  to  the 
hurt  of  the  Church,  and  the  violation  of  the  laws.  And  a  ////ra^  specification 
is  added,  which  is  given  in  our  First  Chapter,  page  19,  to  the  eft'ect  that 
the  action  of  the  withdrawers,  if  tolerated,  will  cause  divisions  of  churches  in 
other  towns,  &c.] 

The  reason  why  wee  are  necessitated  to  present  these  grievances 
and  offences  to  the  consideration  of  this  honored  court,  is  because  these 
our  brethren  doe  deny  any  Ch:  relation  to  us  ;  secondly,  the  Civill 
authority  are  by  the  appointment  of  God  and  by  the  lawes  of  this  com- 


Appendix   I  271 

monwealth   to   see  that  the  peace,   ordinances,  and  rules  of  Christ  in 

every  Ch:  within  this  jurisdiction  bee  observed,  &c. 

Nathaniell  Barding, 
George  Stocking, 
George  Grave, 
Thomas  Spencer, 
William  Kelsy, 
Joseph  Eason, 
Paul  Peck, 
John  Baysy, 
Nath.  Willett. 

[One,  at  least,  of  these  signers  afterward  went  over  to  the  withdrawers. 
What  fruit  this  complaint  yielded  may  be  seen  by  referring  to  Col.  Records 
of  Conn.,  vol.  i  :  311,  312,  318.     See  also  our  First  Chapter,  page  3<S.] 


XII 

LETTER  FROM  THE  WITHDRAWERS  TO  GOVERNOR  EATON  AND 
REV.  JOHN  DAVENPORT  OF  NEW  HAVEN. 

[We  give  only  certain  sentences  and  a  general  account  of  this  not  very 
important  letter.  The  writers  affirm  that  they  had  never  been  a  party  to 
calling  or  owning  the  Elders  and  Messengers  from  Mass.  as  a  Coiincell.  They 
affirm  the  subscribers  of  the  ' '  remonstrance  to  the  church  at  Hartford  "  were 
not  allozued  by  Air.  Stone  to  speak  to  their  paper  before  the  church,  and  that 
these  subscribers  went  to  the  Governor  and  Deputy,  and  offered  in  open 
court  to  make  proof  upon  oath  to  the  particulars  in  their  remonstrance, 
but  were  not  allowed  to  do  so,  because  when'Governor  Winthrop  expressed 
willingness  to  hear  them,  Mr.  Talcott  and  others  vehemently  objected  on 
technical  grounds,  so  that  they  were  denied  a  hearing  both  in  the  church  and 
in  the  court  wherein  they  had  been  publicly  accused.  The  entire  paper  may 
be  read  in  second  volume  of  Conn.  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.] 


XIII 

FROM  THE  WITHDRAWERS  TO  OTHER  CHURCHES  OF  CONNECTICUT 
AND   NEW   HAVEN   COLONIES. 

Reverend  and  Dear  Sir  :  — 

Wee  being  necessitated  toe  make  a  reply  to  Mr.  Stpne's  papers  (in 
way  of  answer  to  ours)  which  himself  and  the  Ch:  hath  sent  to  severall 
churches,  you  may  please  to  understand  that  wee  have  sent  you  a  true 
coppie  of  what  wee  sent  in  to  Mr.  Stone  upon  the  29""  of  the  last  moneth. 
Our  humble  request  is  that  this  our  reply  may  be  read  to  your  ch:  and 
though  wee  are  (as  we  conceive)  inforced  to  withdraw  from  the  perticular 
church  wee  did  belong  toe,  which  is  a  great  grief  to  our  hearts,  yett 


272  History  of  the  Church 

we  desire  to  holde  our  comunion  with  the  churches  of  Christ  as  formerly. 
And  yett  not  being  able  to  content  ourselves  with  that,  but  earnestly 
longing  and  desiring  that  wee  might  again  be  under  the  wing  and 
government  of  Christ  in  his  church,  to  enjoy  and  meete  with  him  in  all 
the  waies  of  his  instituted  worship,  have  propounded  our  selves  to  the 
Ch:  of  Christ  at  Wethersfield  for  comunion  with  them  thearein.  Now 
thearefore,  having  found  all  former  means  by  a  councill  and  otherwise 
fruitless  as  toe  a  thorough  healing,  and  that  thear  is  noe  other  meanes 
within  our  viewe  left  but  only  to  apeale  to  the  churches  and  crave  their 
judgment  and  help  in  this  our  afflicted  state  and  condition  :  — Wee  earn- 
estly intreate  that  as  speedily  as  you  may  you  would  afoarde  us  what 
help  you  shall  judg  wee  neede,  as  our  case  requires  :  either  in  that  way 
we  have  taken  of  p'pounding  ourselves,  or  in  any  other  that  you  shall 
discerne  to  be  more  according  to  a  rule  of  Christ.  [The  remamder 
of  the  letter  is  unimportant.] 

Yo''  deeply  afflicted  friends  and  brethren  in  the  Lord,  in  the  name  of 

the  rest  withdrawne. 

John  Webster, 

John  Cullick, 
Will:  Goodwin, 
Andrew  Bacon. 
Hartford,  February  12"',  1657. 

XIV 

REV.  JOHN  DAVENPORT  OF  NEW  HAVEN  TO  THE  CHURCH  AT 
WETHERSFIELD. 

[A  digest  of  this  long  letter  is  here  given,  with  quotations  of  the  most 
important  paragraphs.] 

The  church  at  New  Haven  had  already  answered  the  letter  of 
the  Wethersfield  church,  in  which  advice  had  been  asked  concerning  the 
propriety  of  receiving  the  Hartford  withdrawers.  Moreover,  says 
Davenport,  several  of  the  Elders  of  the  late  Cotmcil  had  met  in 
New  Haven  to  discuss  the  same  question,  and  Davenport  had,  by 
courtesy,  met  with  them.  He  proceeds  to  give  a  brief  account  of  what 
he  has  done  to  inform  himself  of  the  facts  in  the  case,  and  then  to 
deliver  his  opinion.     He  finds 

jst^  "That  the  whole  church  at  Hartford  unanimously  consented 
to  call  a  council  of  Elders  of  that  colony,  with  whom  were  joined  Mr. 
Prudden  of  this  colony,  to  give  advice  for  the  ending  of  the  differences 
between  them  ;.  by  which  act  the  church  did  put  the  whole  power  of 
judging  one  another  about  the  matter  so  referred  out  of  their  own  hands 
into  the  hands  of  the  council,  with  submission  to  their  judgment,  &c." 

2'',  "That  council  thus  called  left  their  final  determination  with 
them  in  writing,  subscribed  by  them  all  ...  .  first,  that  mutual 
satisfaction  should  be  given  on  both  sides  to  each  other,  by  acknowledg- 
ing their  faults  in  the  particulars  mentioned  in  that  writing ;    second. 


Appendix   I  273 

that  if  differences  should  again  break  forth  or  not  be  healed,  the 
dissenting  brethren  should  crave  their  dismission,  and  the  church  should 
give  it  them." 

2)^,  Ml".  Davenport  mentions  Mr.  Stone's  opposition  to  the  Council's 
Result,  "published  to  their  reproach,"  and  the  Council's  defense  against 
his  strictures. 

4"',  The  Elders  of  the  said  Council  all  testify  that  the  dissenting 
brethren  "  have  fully  attended  "  both  parts  of  the  Council's  advice,  and, 
when  no  peaceful  settlement  was  obtained,  asked  for  letters  of  dis- 
mission. 

He  then  mentions  the  failure  of  the  Pacification  attempted  by  the 
Elders  from  Mass.,  and  the  final  withdrawal  of  the  minority,  who  would 
either  form  a  distinct  church  or  join  some  other,  but  the  Hartford  church 
would  not  permit  them  to  do  either. 

gth^  "  The  Elders  of  said  council  do  further  testify  that  Mr.  Stone 
and  the  church  at  Hartford  have  violated  the  determination  of  the 
Council  in  both  parts  of  its  advice,  by  their  never  giving  the  satisfaction 
prescribed  for  the  healing  of  offenses,  and  now  by  their  not  giving 
the  offended  brethren  their  dismission." 

As  to  what  should  be  done,  Mr.  Davenport  remarks  that  the  with- 
drawers  are  well  known  to  be  godly  people.  "  They  are  for  their  num- 
ber and  qualities  a  party  not  be  despised."  They  have  fulfilled  their 
duties  as  defined  hy  a  mutual  council,  and  the  church  has  violated  that 
council's  determination.  Their  proximity  to  Wethersfield  is  noted  as 
reason  why  they  should  be  admitted  there.  The  injustice  of  requiring 
all  churches  to  refuse  them  admission  is  pointed  out,  and  it  is  further 
remarked  that  such  injustice  would  also  bring  all  councils  into  disrepute 
and  the  Congregational  way  of  church  government  into  reproach. 
Mr.  Davenport  earnestly  wishes  that  Mr.  Stone  &  the  Hartford  church 
would  be  pleased  to  give  the  dissenting  brethren  their  dismissions  with- 
out an)^  conditions  or  delay,  but  if  they  are  resolved  not  to  do  this, 
he  thinks  the  Wethersfield  church  may  receive  said  dissenting  brethren. 
He  advises  cautious  procedure  and  the  advice  of  a  council  on  this  point, 
but  distinctly  says  that  if  the  Wethersfield  church  should  receive  them 
it  would  be  virtually  sustained  not  only  by  himself  but  by  the  church  in 
New  Haven. 

XV 

TESTIMONY    AND    COUNSEL    OP     THE     REV.    JOHN    HIGGINSON    OF 

GUILFORD. 

[Of  this  very  long  letter  or  document  such  portions  are  here  given  as  are 
of  chief  importance.] 

In  the  first  outbreak  of  difference  between  Mr.  Stone  and  Mr.  Good- 
win, Mr.  Higginson  endeavored  to  effect  a  reconciliation  without  a 
council.  This  was  before  the  church  was  divided  into  parties.  After 
the  council  had  delivered  its  opinions,  both  parties  sent  to  Mr.  Higgin- 

18 


274  History  of  the  Church 

son  and  appealed  to  him  for  advice.  The  question  whether  Wethersfield 
church  should  receive  the  withdrawers  was  submitted  to  him  and  to  the 
Guilford  church. 

He  gives  his  opinion  on  the  whole  question  : 

(i)    The  Council  called  to  adjust  the  differences  was  a  imitiial  one. 

(2)  It  was  the  duty  of  that  Council  to  set  down  their  definitive 
sentence  &  decisive  judgment,  which  they  did  : —  "  Satisfaction  mutual 
for  offenses  given,  separation  by  dismission  of  the  dissenting  brethren, 
in  case  of  non-satisfaction." 

(3)  It  was  the  duty  of  both  the  parties  of  the  church  at  Hartford  to 
submit  to  the  definitive  sentence  of  the  Council  ;  —  to  give  satisfac- 
tion, or  in  case  of  non-satisfaction,  the  dissenting  brethren  were  to 
ask  and  receive  dismission. 

(4)  "The  dissenting  brethren  have  submitted  to  the  judgment 
of  the  Council,  in  both  parts  of  it.  They  have  given  satisfaction  as  they 
were  advised  to  do."  That  failing,  "they  have  desired  their,  dismis- 
sion." 

(5)  "  Mr.  Stone  and  the  church  there  hath  not  submitted  to  the  judg- 
ment of  the  Council,  in  neither  part  of  it."  They  have  not  given  sat- 
isfaction as  they  were  advised  to  do,  nor  have  they  given  dismission 
when  it  was  desired. 

"  But  instead  of  submission,  Mr.  Stone  hath  risen  up  in  opposition 
to  the  Council,  setting  up  his  own  judgment  in  his  own  case  against  the 
judgment  of  the  Council ;  frequently  calling  for  disputation  after  their 
definitive  sentence,  openly  in  the  face  of  the  country  publishing  a  confuta- 
tion of  the  judgment  of  the  Council,  and  by  restless  endeavor  procuring 
other  Elders  to  come  up  from  the  Bay . "  .  .  .  This  opposition  to  the 
Council  by  Mr.  Stone  hath  been  the  blanieable  cause  of  the  continuance 
and  increase  and  multiplying  of  those  contentions  and  disorders  that 
have  been  since  the  Council  :  as  also  it  hath  given  .  .  .  such  a 
wound  to  the  Congregational  way,  that  except  Mr.  Stone's  repentence 
be  as  publicly  known  as  his  sin  in  so  doing,  his  example  in  this  and  the 
consequences  of  it  is  like  to  have  a  destructive  influence  upon  all  the 
churches  in  New  England." 

Mr.  Higginson  says  the  Magistracy  of  the  colony  should  have  seen 
that  respect  &  submission  were  given  to  the  determination  of  the  Coun- 
cil, but  the  Magistrates  were  interested  in  the  case  and  divided  among 
themselves,  and  allowed  the  Elders  of  the  Council  to  be  "  discouraged 
and  discountenanced  by  a  prevailing  party  growing  up  under  the  shad- 
dow  of  Mr.  Stone." 

Mr.  Higginson  gives  his  opinion  that  "notwithstanding  Mr.  Stone's 
opposition  to  the  Council,  and  notwithstanding  the  different  apprehen- 
sions of  the  Elders  of  the  Bay  (who  were  not  called  by  both  parties,  nor 
so  advantaged  to  understand  the  state  of  things  in  Hartford  as  the 
neighboring  Elders  were)  yet  the  definitive  sentence  of  the  Council 
stands  in  full  power,  as  it  did  at  first." 


Appendix  I  275 

He  further  says  that  the  Pacification  procured  through  the  Elders  of 
the  Bay  was  "through  importunity  yielded  unto  by  the  dissenting 
brethren." 

It  did  not  nullify  the  power  of  the  sentence  of  the  previous  Council, 
or  the  duty  of  submission  to  it.  "I  see  not  wherein  the  dissenting 
brethren  can  be  blamed  for  desiring  their  dismission  .  .  .  but  Mr. 
Stone  and  the  church  are  to  be  blamed  for  not  granting  their  dis- 
mission." 

Mr.  Higginson  had  some  legal  scruples  about  the  act  of  withdrawal 
without  regular  letters  of  dismission,  and  he  discusses  at  some  length 
"  the  defects  of  order  "  in  the  Congregational  system.  Finally  he  bears 
witness  concerning  the  dissenters  that  they  are  ' '  persons  sound  in 
the  faith  and  of  unblameable  life  ;  "  and  adds  that  in  case  the  Elders  of 
the  Council  judge  that  their  withdrawal  has  been  according  to  the  scope 
of  their  sentence,  the  withdrawers  "  are  fitt  either  to  joyn  in  church  fel- 
lowship amongst  themselves,  or  to  joyne  to  another  church  as  God  shall 
direct  and  give  them  opportunity  to  do." 

[It  will  be  seen  by  the  reader  of  these  documents  how  perfectly  the  testi- 
mony and  opinion  of  Mr.  Higginson  agree  with  those  of  Mr.  Davenport. 
The  full  text  of  these  two  documents  may  be  found  in  the  Hist.  Society's 
Coll.,  vol.  II.  The  other  documents  in  the  controversy  may  be  found  there, 
bnt  they  are  not  of  sufficient  importance  to  be  printed  here.  We  have  given 
such  papers,  or  digests  of  them,  as  pertain  to  \.\iQ,  facts  in  the  case,  and  show 
the  status  and  the  animus  of  both  parties  in  the  controversy.  The  whole 
matter  is  of  interest  and  instruction,  as  showing  the  first  marked  case  of  dissent 
from  the  established  church  in  Connecticut.  Here  in  New  England  Dis- 
senters found  their  way  almost  as  hard  as  their  fathers  had  found  it  in  old 
England.] 


APPENDIX   II 


PASTORS   AND   DEACONS    OF    THE    CHURCH 

SUPERINTENDENTS    OF    THE    SUNDAY-SCHOOL 

COMMITTEE,  CLERKS,  AND  TREASURERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY 


Appendix  II 


279 


PASTORS  OF  THE  CHURCH 


John  Whiting,  .... 

Thomas   Buckingham,  ... 

Elnathan  Whitman,   D.D., 

William   Patten,   Colleague  of  Mr.    Whitman, 

Benjamin   Boardman, 

Abel   Flint,  D.D.,  . 

Joel   Harvey   Linsley,    D.D., 

Cornelius  Vanarsdalen,    D.D.,    . 

Oliver  Ellsworth   Daggett,    D.D., 

Walter  Clark,   D.D., 

Edwin  Pond  Parker,   D.D., 


1670-1689 
1694-1731 
1732-1777 

1767-1773 
I 784-1 802 
1791-1824 
1824-1832 
1832-1S36 
1837-1843 
1845-1859 
1S60- 


History  of  the  Church 


DEACONS     IN     THE     CHURCH,     SO     FAR     AS 

KNOWN 


George  Grave, 

in 

3ffice  1670 ; 

died          1673 

Stephen  Hosmer, 

1687. 

John  Wilson, 

1688. 

Samuel  Smith, 

1707 

John  Eston, 

1711 

John  Merrolds, 

"             1712 

Thomas  Bunce, 

"             1712 

Daniel  Merrels, 

1714. 

Thomas  Richards, 

1730. 

Thomas  Seymour,  Esq., 

1767 

Daniel  Bull,      . 

1776 

Thomas  Hosmer,  Esq., 

^777 

Medad  Webster, 

1793 

Ebenezer  Crosby, 

1791 

1795 

Jonathan  Wells, 

1791 

1794 

Matthew  W^ebster, 

born  in    1720 

1807 

Thomas  Seymour,  Esq., 

chosen     1794 

j  resigned  1809 
jdied          1829 

John  Babcock, 

1794 

died          1 796 

Joshua  Hempstead,    . 

1795 

resigned  181 8 

Thomas  Tileston, 

'          1809 

\  died  1837 
(  aged  95  yrs. 

Russell  Bunce, 

1818 

resigned  1821 

Michael  Seymour, 

1820 

1830 

Elijah  Knox,    . 

1820 

1847 

Elijah  Porter  Barrow 

3. 

1830 

1831 

J.  Hubbard  Wells, 

1830 

died          1862 

George  Corning, 

1831 

1840 

Zephaniah  Swift, 

1831 

1836 

Albert  W.  Butlep<^ 

1839 

resigned  1852 

Seth  Terry,      .  " 

1S47 

died          1865 

Peter  D.  Stillman, 

1852 

18S0 

Henry  L.  Bidwell, 

1852 

resigned  1858 

Lucius  Barbour, 

1858 

1865 

Ashbel  W.  Barrows, 

1858 

1873 

Thomas  H.  Welles, 

1862 

died          1887 

Charles  T.  Webster, 

1864 

1878 

Nelson  Kingsbury, 

1866 

resigned  1874 

William  H.  Sumner, 

1870 

1877 

William  L.  Squire, 

1873 

1881 

Appendix   II 


281 


Franklin  Glazier, 
Elnathan  B.  Frisbie, 
George  H.  Woods, 
Charles  S.  Goodwin,  . 
Charles  S.  Gillette,     . 
Henry  E.  Harrington, 
George  F.  Hills, 
Joseph  A.  Graves, 
Hosmer  Griswold, 


chosen    1S78 ;       died 


18S9 


1878  ;   resigned  1881 

1880. 

1881. 

1881  ;      died  1887 

1881. 

1887. 

1887. 

188S. 


History  of  the  Church 


SUPERINTENDENTS  OF  THE  SUNDAY- 
SCHOOL 


J.  Hubbard  Wells, 

1828-9,  1830-5-6 

D.  F.  Robinson,     . 

1831 

Zephaniah  Swift,    . 

1832 

John  H.  Goodwin, 

1833-4 

Peter  D.  Stillman, 

1837-8,  1845-6 

Simeon  L.  Loomis, 

1839-40 

Charles  P.  Welles, 

1841-2-7-9 

John  B.  Corning,    . 

1843 

A.  W.  Butler, 

1844 

Henry  S.  Bidwell,  . 

1850 

James  Goodman,    . 

185 1  to  1860-62-64 

Henry  C.  Robinson, 

1861, 1866-7  to  1871 

Rowland  Swift, 

1863 

Nelson  Kingsbury, 

1865 

James  H.  Tallman, 

IS76-7-8-9 

Rev.  E.  P.  Parker.  D.D., 

1880  to  1S83 

OHn  H.  Clark, 

1884 

Frank  E.  Hyde,      . 

1885-7 

Joseph  A.  Graves, 

1886 

Lucius  F.  Robinson, 

. 

1888-93 

Appendix   II 


283 


COMMITTEE  OF  THE  SOCIETY 


[The  first  mention  of  a  Committee  in  the  Records  of  the  Society  is  under 
date  of  Dec.  19,  1787,  when  Captain  Aaron  Bull  and  Mr.  Joseph  Church  ask 
"to  be  excused  from  that  office  in  which  they  have  long  served  the  Society." 

The  following  list  comprises  the  names  of  those  who  have  served  in  that 
office.] 


Thomas  Seymour, 

1787 

Thomas  Y.  Seymour, 

17S7,  1798-1S01 

Jonathan  Bull, 

1787 

Andrew  Kingsbury, 

1798-1801 

Levi  Robbins, 

179S,  1801-4 

Roderick  Sheldon, 

1799-1800 

Zebulon  Seymour, 

I 802-1 806 

Tim  Barnard, 

I 802-1 805 

Richard  Seymour, 

I 805-1 806 

James  Wells, 

1806 

Reuben  Wads  worth, 

1807-1821 

Elisha  Shepard, 

1807-1822 

EUsha  Williams,     . 

1807-1815 

Henry  Seymour,    . 

1816-1822 

Sylvester  Wells, 

1822 

Chauncey  Barnard, 

1823-1834 

Charles  Butler,       . 

1823-1829 

Henry  Kilbourn,    . 

1823-1831 

Horace  Goodwin,  . 

1830-1S31 

Horace  Goodwin  2°"^, 

1831-1835 

George  Putman,     . 

I 830-1 83 I 

D.  F.  Robinson,     . 

1831-1837 

Horace  Seymour, 

1832-1836 

Mack  C.  Webster, 

1832-1835 

Freeman  Seymour, 

1S35 

William  Johnson,  . 

1836-1837 

Horace  Goodwin, 

1837 

James  T.  Hinsdale, 

1837 

Charles  P.  Wells,  . 

1837-1839 

Samuel  Dodd, 

1838 

Lewis  Skinner, 

1838 

John  H.  Goodwin, 

1839 

Charles  T.  Webster, 

1839 

Simeon  L.  Loomis, 

I 840-1 843 

Samuel  Dodd, 

1840-1S41 

Between  Dec.  19,   1787,  and  Jan.  11,  1798,  no  election  of  a  committee  is 
recorded. 


History  of  the  Church 


Enoch  C.  Stanton, 
Allen  Porter, 
Leander  C.  Burnham, 
David  F.  Robinson, 
EUery  Hills, 
Charles  T.  Webster, 
H.  F.  Sumner, 
Peter  D.  Stillman,| 
Samuel  Woodruff,;' 
James  H.  Ashmead, 
Lucius  Barbour,     . 
Howell  R.  Hills,     . 
Marshall  Jewell,     . 
Edwin  D.  Tiffany, 
George  S.  Oilman,  Esq 
WiUiam  S.  White, 
Peter  D.  Stillman, 
Henry  A.  Cooley,  . 
James  H.  Ashmead, 
Nelson  Kingsbury, 
James  Goodman,    . 
George  W.  Moore, 
Edward  Kellogg,    . 
Frederick  R.  Foster, 
Loren  P.  Waldo,  Esq., 
E.  Palmer  Tiffany, 
Samuel  C.  Colt, 
Charles  H.  Smith, 
Nathaniel  T.  Pitkin, 
Henry  C.  Dwight, 
Albert  L.  Butler, 
Burdett  Loomis,    . 
Alvan  P.  Hyde,  Esq., 
Franklin  Glazier,  . 
John  R.   Hills, 
Charles  S.  Gillette, 
William  E.  Baker, 
Henry  C.  Robinson,  Esq 
George  F.  Hills,    . 
Henry  E.   Harrington, 
Joseph  A.  Graves, 
Charles  H.  Northam, 


1840-1 841 

1842-1843 

1842-1848 

1 844-1 849 

1844-1849 

I 849-1 85 I 

1850-1852 

1850-1860 

1852 

1853-1859 

1853-1864 

1856-1859 

1856-1862 

1860-1862 

1860-1862 

1861-1864 

1863-1867 

1864-1874 

1S64-1865 

1865-1868 

1865 

1866-1872 

1866-1S68 

1868-1874 

1869 

1869-1874 

1870-1874 

1873-1874 

1875-1879 

1875-1881 

1875 

1875-1878 

1875-1881 

1876-1881 

1879-1881 

18S0-1883 

1882-1893 

1882-1889 

1884-1889 

1890-1893 

1890 

1891-1893 


Appendix  IT 


285 


CLERKS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 


[Such  records  of  the  Society  as  now  exist  are  opened  under  date  of  Nov. 
21,  1767,  transcribed  from  "the  original  records"  hy  Jo  Jin  Ledyatuf.  The 
first  business  meeting  is  recorded  under  date  of  Jan.  29,  1767  (copied  from 
a  former  record),  in  the  handwriting  of  the  Society's  Clerk,  Daniel  Shel- 
don. His  handwriting  continues  until  May  9,  1768.  The  record  from  Oct. 
21,  176S,  until  Feb.  22,  1773,  is  made  by  some  one  person  unknown,  with 
the  exception  of  meetings  held  April  12,  1769,  and  April  29,  1770,  which 
are  recorded  by  I'honias  Seyiitoitr,  clerk /rf  tempore  ] 


Daniel  Sheldon, 

Thomas  Seymour,  pro  tempore, 

Jonathan  Bull, 

William  Whitman, 

Henry  Seymour, 

James  Babcock, 

Charles  Babcock, 

Charles  Shepard, 

Lewis  Skinner, 

John  H.  Goodwin, 

Samuel  Dodd/ 

Caleb  L.  Packard, 

William  Blatchley, 

William  L.  Squire, 

John  E.  Morris,* 

*  Still  in  office. 


1767-1768 
1 769-1 770 
1772-179S 
1 798-1802 
1802-18 14 
I 8 14-1820 
1820-1824 
I 824-1 829 
1829-1843 
1843-1847 
1847-1852 
1852-1853 

1S53-1S73 
1S73-1881 
1881 


286 


History  of  the  Church 


TREASURERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 


[Each  of  the  following  persons  held    the    office    until    the  election  of 
his  successor  as  recorded  below.] 


Jonathan  Bull, 

elected   1775 

Barzillai  Hudson, 

1798 

Consider  Burt, 

1802 

Henry  Seymour,  . 

1805 

George  Burr, 

1821 

Daniel  Hinsdale,  . 

1824 

Charles  Shepard, 

1828 

Horace  Goodwin  2d, 

1829 

D.  F.  Robinson,    . 

1S31 

Charles  Shepard, 

1832 

Charles  P.  Wells, 

1834 

James  T.  Hinsdale, 

1835 

Henry  Francis, 

1836 

F.  A.  Brown, 

1S37 

John  B.  Corning,  . 

1841 

John  H.  Goodwin, 

1847 

H.  L.  Bidweli,  /     . 

1853 

John  H.  Goodwin, 

1S54 

Rowland  Swift, 

1856 

Edwin  D.  Tiffany, 

1864 

George  F.  Hills,    . 

1868 

Charles  F.  Gillette, 

1S75 

James  H.  Knight,* 

1880 

*  Still  in  office. 

APPENDIX    III 


[This  appendix  is  a  partial  copy  of  the  records  of  the  Second  Church 
of  Christ  in  Hartford.  The  records  up  to  i860  are  contained  in  three  vol- 
umes. The  earliest  now  in  existence  was  prepared  by  the  Reverend  Thomas 
Buckingham,  and  comprises  the  records  of  the  church  from  the  beginning, 
inclusive  of  those  presumably  kept  by  the  Reverend  John  Whiting,  the  first 
pastor,  the  original  of  which  has  probably  ceased  to  exist.  This  little  book  is 
six  and  one-half  by  six  inches  in  size,  and  contains  sixty-four  pages.  It 
is  seemingly  complete.  Two  leaves  which  are  missing  from  the  body  of  the 
book  evidently  contained  no  portion  of  the  record,  as  its  continuity  is 
perfect. 

The  volume  or  volumes  succeeding  Mr.  Buckingham's  record,  and  prior 
to  the  pastorate  of  Reverend  Dr.  Flint  {1730-1791),  are  missing  and  have 
probably  been  destroyed. 

The  second  existing  volume  contains  the  record  kept  by  the  Reverend 
Dr.  Flint,  and  covers  not  only  the  acts  of  the  church,  but  a  very  full 
list  of  baptisms,  marriages,  and  deaths. 

The  third  volume  covers  the  period  from  1824  to  i860,  and  in  it  are  found 
the  baptisms  administered  by  the  Reverend  Doctors  Linsley,  Vanarsdalen, 
Daggett,  and  Clark . 

Mr.  Buckingham's  record  is  given  in  this  appendix  almost  in  its  entirety, 
as  is  also  the  record  of  baptisms,  marriages,  and  deaths  kept  by  Dr. 
Flint,  it  having  been  thought  best  to  present  them  in  this  way  in  order  to 
preserve  the  quaintness  of  the  phraseology  and  spelling.  This  is  followed 
by  an  index,  by  means  of  which  any  name  may  be  readily  found.  The 
baptisms  recorded  in  the  third  volume  are  here  arranged  alphabetically,  and 
require  no  index.] 


288  History  of  the  Church 


REV.  MR.  BUCKINGHAM'S  RECORD. 

"Some  Acts  Done  by  the  Second  Church  in  Hartford  after  their 
Settlement  in  a  Distinct  State,  ffebi^y  12  :  1669  — 

"  March  28,  1677.  The  church  having  before  chosen  Mr.  John 
White  to  the  office  of  a  Ruhng  Elder  and  He  accepted  it,  He  was 
accordingly  this  day  ordained  to  and  in  that  office  in  the  presence 
and  with  the  aprobation  of  the  Elders  and  messengers  of  some 
neighbour  churches. 

"  This  Holy  man  having  faithfully  served  the  Lord  in  his  place  and 
that  also  with  good  success  through  grace  (He  was  a  good  man  and  god 
was  with  him)  fell  asleap  in  Christ  and  went  to  receive  his  reward  Jan-'y 
1683. 

March  24,  i6S|,  the  church  and  children  of  it  renewed  the  covenant 
as  may  be  seen  in  the  forme  as  it  is  written  in  a  loose  Sheete  among 
the  papers  belonging  to  y*  church." 

[Here  follows  a  record  (commenced  in  the  margin  of  the  page)  and  very 
badly  torn  and  defaced,  continuing  through  the  first  and  occupying  also  the 
whole  of  the  second  page,  relating  to  matters  of  discipline,  of  which  it  is  im- 
possible to  make  a  complete  copy,  on  account  of  the  mutilated  condition 
of  the  margin.  The  church  rules  and  covenant  begin  at  the  top  of  the 
third  page,  which  is  also  somewhat  mutilated.] 

"  Having  had  the  consent  and  countenance  of  the  General  Court 
and  the  advice  of  an  ecclesiasticall  councill  to  incourage  us  in  imbodying 
as  a  church  by  ourselves.  Accordingly,  upon  the  day  of  compleating 
our  distinct  state  (viz.  ffeb'^y  12,  1669),  This  paper  was  read  before  the 
messengers  of  the  churches,  and  consented  to  by  ourselves,  viz.: 

"  The  Holy  providence  of  the  most  High  so  disposing,  that  publick 
opposition  and  disturbance  hath  of  late  years  been  given  both  by 
preaching  and  practice  to  the  congregationall  way  of  church  order,  by 
all  mafier  of  orderly  establishments  settled,  and  for  a  long  time  unani- 
mously aproved  and  peaceably  practiced  in  this  place  ;  all  endeavours 
also  (both  among  ourselves  and  from  abroad)  with  due  patience  therein, 
proving  fruitles  and  unsuccessful!  to  the  removing  of  that  disturbance  ; 
we  whose  names  are  after  mentioned,  being  advised  by  a  councill  of  the 
neighbour  churches,  and  allowed  also  by  the  Honored  Generall  Court,  to 
dispose  ourselves  into  a  capacity  of  distinct  walking,  in  order  to  our 
peaceable  and  edifying  enjoyment  of  all  god's  holy  ordinances  ;  we  do 
declare,  that  according  to  the  light  we  have  hitherto  received,  the  fore- 
mentioned  Congregationall  way  (for  the  substance  of  it)  as  formerly  set- 
tled, professed  and  practiced  under  the  guidance  of  the  first  leaders  of 
this  church  of  Hartford,  is  the  way  of  Christ,  And  that  as  such  we  are 
bound  in  duty  carefully  to  observe  and  attend  it  until  such  further  light 
(about  any  particular  points  of  it)  shall  appear  to  us  from  the  Scripture 
as  may  lead  us  with  joint  or  generall  satisfaction  to  be  otherwise  per- 


Appendix  III  289 

suaded.  Some  main  heads  or  principles  of  which  Congregationall  way 
of  church  order  are  those  that  follow,  viz. : 

"  First,  That  visible  saints  are  the  only  fit  matter,  and  confedera- 
tion the  form  of  a  visible  church. 

"  Second,  That  a  competent  number  of  visible  saints  (with  their 
seed)  embodied  by  a  particular  covenant,  are  a  true,  distinct,  and  entire 
church  of  Christ. 

"Third,  That  such  a  particular  church  being  organized,  or  having 
furnished  itselfe  with  those  officers  that  christ  hath  apointed,  hath 
all  the  power  and  priviledges  of  a  church  belonging  to  it ;  In  Speciall  — 

1.  To  admit  or  receive  members. 

2.  To  deal  with,  and  if  need  be,  reject  offenders. 

3.  To  administer  and  enjoy  all  other  ecclesiastical  ordinances 
within  itself. 

"  ffouRTH,  That  the  power  of  guidance  or  leading  belongs  only  to 
the  eldership,  and  the  power  of  judgment,  consent  or  priviledge  belongs 
to  the  ffraternity  or  brethren  in  full  comunion. 

"  ffiFTH,  That  comunion  is  carefully  to  be  maintained  between  all 
the  churches  of  christ,  according  to  his  order. 

"  Sixth,  That  counsel!  is  in  cases  of  difficulty  to  be  sought  and  sub- 
mitted to  according  to  god. 

' '  The  Covenant  read  and  consented  to  the  same  day  was  as  f  ollow- 
eth  : 

"Since  it  hath  pleased  god,  in  his  infinite  mercy,  to  manifest  him- 
self e  willing  to  take  unworthy  siiiers  neare  unto  himself e,  even  into 
covenant  relation  to  and  interest  in  him.  To  become  a  god  to  them 
and  avouch  them  to  be  his  people.  And  accordingly  to  comaiid  and 
incourage  them  to  give  up  themselves  and  their  children  also  unto 
him  : 

"  We  do  therefore  this  day,  in  the  presence  of  god,  his  holy  angels, 
and  this  Assembly,  avouch  the  Lord  Jehovah,  the  true  and  living  god, 
even  god  the  flfather,  the  son,  and  the  Holy  ghost,  to  be  our  god,  and 
give  up  ourselves  and  ours  also  unto  him,  to  be  his  subjects  and  ser- 
vants, promising  through  grace  and  strength  from  christ  (without 
whom  we  can  doe  nothing),  to  walk  in  professed  subjection  to  him  as  our 
onely  Lord  and  Lawgiver,  yielding  universal!  obedience  to  his  blessed 
will,  according  to  what  discoveries  he  hath  made  or  shall  hereafter 
make,  of  the  same  to  us  ;  In  Speciall  that  we  will  seek  him  in  all  his  holy 
ordinances  according  to  the  rules  of  the  gospell,  submitting  to  his  gouv- 
ernment  in  this  particular  church,  and  walking  together  therein  with  all 
brotherly  love  and  mutuall  watchfulness,  to  the  building  up  of  one 
another  in  faith  and  love  unto  his  praise  ;  All  which  we  promise  to 
performe,  the  Lord  helping  us  through  his  grace  in  Jesus  Christ." 


19 


290 


History  of  the  Church 


Those  that  consented  to  the  Above  written  covenant  upon  the  day 
mentioned,  were, 


IRETHREN  IN  FULL  COMUNION. 

SISTERS  IN  FULL  COxM UNION, 

*I. 

John  Whiting, 

16. 

flfrances  Stebbing, 

2. 

James  Richards, 

17- 

Sibilla  Whiting, 

3- 

Thomas  Bull, 

18. 

Susanna  Bull, 

4- 

Robert  Webster, 

19. 

Sarah  Bunce, 

5- 

George  Grave,  Sen% 

20. 

Agnis  Stocking, 

6. 

George  Stocking, 

21. 

Margaret  Watson, 

7. 

James  Ensing, 

22. 

Ehz:  Watts, 

8. 

Tho:  Bunce,  Sen'', 

23. 

Sarah  Ensing, 

9- 

Tho:  Watts, 

24. 

Sarah  Grave, 

10. 

James  Steele, 

25- 

Margaret  Nash, 

11. 

Joseph  Nash, 

26. 

Samford, 

12. 

John  Cole, 

27- 

Bethiah  Steele, 

13- 

Andrew  Benton, 

28. 

Hanah  Benton, 

14. 

Benjamin  Harber, 

29. 

Sarah  Biddall, 

15- 

John  Biddall, 

30. 

Susanna  Arnold, 

31- 

Christian  Harber, 

32. 

Whaples, 

33- 

Anne  Cole. 

The  church  having  renewed  their  choice  of  Mr.  Whiting  to  be  their 
pastour  in  this  distinct  capacity,  upon  his  acceptance.  He  was  the  same 
time  Reordained,  with  prayer  and  the  imposition  of  the  hands  of  the 
Rev<^  mr  Joseph  EHott  and  mr  Nath:  ColUns,  the  Rest  of  the  messen- 
gers of  the  churches  being  present,  and  aproving  what  was  done, 
by  affording  the  Right  hand  of  ffellowship. 

The  children  of  the  church,  or  members  not  yet  in  full  comunion, 
that  personally  manifested  their  desire  of  joining  with  us  in  our  distinct 
state,  and  accordingly  owned  the  covenant,  were 


34- 

Nathan"  Standley, 

55. 

Sarah  Richards, 

35- 

John  Church, 

56. 

Susanna  Bunce, 

36 

John  Marsh, 

57- 

Eliz:  Warren, 

37- 

Stephen  Hosmer, 

58. 

Hanah  Eston, 

38. 

Tho:  Bunce,  Jun^ 

59- 

Sarah  Worthington, 

39- 

John  Seamer, 

60. 

EKz:  White, 

40. 

Jacob  White, 

61. 

Sarah  Merolds, 

41. 

John  Eston, 

62. 

Mary  Seamer, 

42. 

John  Day, 

63. 

Mary  Mekins, 

43- 

Joseph  Bull, 

64. 

Lydia  Smith, 

44. 

Jonathan  Bull, 

65. 

Ruth  Bull, 

45- 

David  Bull, 

66. 

Lydia  Cole, 

46. 

John  Bunce, 

67. 

Hanah  Benton, 

*The  www^^'j- found  upon  the  left  of  each  name  are  not  in  the  original 
record,  but  are,  inserted  here  for  the  greater  convenience  of  reference  by  the 
index. 


Appendix 

III 

47- 

John  Wilson, 

68.     Hanah  Smith 

48. 

Sam'i  Hubbard, 

69.     Sarah  Biddall 

49. 

John  Watson, 

50. 

Tho:  Halee, 

51- 

Arthur  Smith, 

52. 

Jonath:  Gilbart, 

53- 

John  Biddall, 

54- 

Jos:  Biddall, 

291 


The  names  of  such  as  are  added  to   the  church  and  received   to 
full  comunion  —  since  our  settlement  in  a  distinct  state  : 


70. 

71 
72 

73 

74 

75 

76 

77 

78 
79 


80. 


82. 
83. 


84. 

85. 


Mr  Eliezur  way  dismissed  from' 
the  first  church  in  Boston, 

John  Merolds, 

Bartholomew  Barnard,  and  his  I 
wife,  Sarah  Barnard,  J 

John  Eston, 

Sarah  Webster 


John  Church, 
Sarah  Wiard, 


John  White  and  his  wife,  ^ 

Gregory  Woolterton  and  his  { 

wife,  I 

All  dismissed  from  the  church       | 

of  Hadley,  J 

Sarah     Howard    to     full    com- 


imion, 
Her  children,  Marj-,  Sarah  and 
Elizabeth  by  personall  consent, 
John,  Lydia  and  Sam"  by  par- 
ents full  covenant,  to  mem- 
ship, 

Stephen  Hosmer  to  full  coin- 
union, 

Susanna  Samford,  received  into  I 
the  church  and  baptised,  and 
so    admitted     to    full    corn- 
union, 

Mr.  John  Blackleach,  dismissed 
from  the  first  church  in  Bos- 
ion, 

Hannah  Eston, 

Joseph  Bull  and  Sarah  his  wife, 
dismissed  from  Cambridge, 


Received  March  18,  i6f^ 

Received  Aug.  28,  1670. 
Received  ffeb'^y  26,  1670. 

Received  Aprill  9,  167 1. 


Received  Aprill  9,  1671. 


Received  June  18,  1671. 


Received 
7  *""  10,  1671. 


8  >>"  6,  1672. 


292 


go. 

91. 
92. 

93- 
94. 

95- 
96. 

97- 


93. 

99. 
100. 
101. 
102. 

103. 

104. 

105. 
106. 

107. 
loS. 

109. 
no. 

III. 

112. 

113- 
114. 


115. 
116. 

117. 
118. 


History  of  the  Church 


Mrs  Sarah  Richards,  ( 

Samuel  Cole,  j 

Tho.  Bunce  Jun'  and  his  wife, 
John  Marsh  and  his  wife, 
Mrs  Watson,  and  the  wife  of 
John  Cole, 
Sarah  Merolds,  Abigaill  Bull 
and  Sarah  Nash, 
Mr  John  Crow  and  his  wife  dis- 
mist  from  the  church  of  Had- 

phebe    Whiting,    dismist    from 

the  church  of  New  Haven, 
Nath"  Standly  and  his  wife, 
John  Seamer  and  his  wife, 
Sarah  House,  and  Mary  and 
Lydia    Howard     to    full    coin- 
union, 
Benjamin  Addams,  baptised  and 

Received  to  full  comunion. 
EUzabeth  Eston,       ] 
Sarah  Church,  j- 

Hatiah  Hosmer,        j 

Lydia  Wilson, 
Sarah  Smith, 

Nath"  Sanford, 

Sarah  Chatterton,  baptised  and 

received  to  full  comunion, 
Mirah  Mudge  baptised  and  re- 
ceived to  full  comunion. 
The  wife  of  Mirah  Mudge, 
The  wife  of  Tho.  Dickinson, 
Mr  Tho.  Hosmer  and  his  wife 
dismissed  the  one  from  ffarm- 
ington    the    other   from   N : 
Hampton, 
Joseph  and  Lydia  Smith, 
Hanah      Thornton       dismissed 

from  the  church  of  Milford, 
Mrs  Rebecca  Harris, 
NathanieU  Cole, 


July  7,  1677- 


March  24,  t67|. 


March  31,  1678. 


Received 
June  23,  1678. 

April  6,  1679. 
7  ''"  28,  1679. 

Jan'y  23,  1680. 
ffeb'-y  17,  1683. 
March  30,  1684. 


Appendix  III 


293 


119. 


120. 
121. 

122. 
123. 
124. 

125. 

126. 

127. 
128. 
129. 


Mrs  Bethiah  Steele  dismissed 
from  the  church  of  Middle- 
town, 

Mr  John  [  Bidwell  to  full  corn- 
union, 


Mrs  Sarah  ( 


John  Bunce,  ] 

Mary  Bunce,  \ 

Mrs.  Ruth  Welds,      J 

Deborah  (the  wife     ) 
of  Nath")  Crow,        t 

!Mrs  patience  Gibbons, 

and  baptised  the  same  day, 

Martha  Hanison, 

and  baptised  the  same  day, 

Sarah  (the  wife  of  Joseph)  Mygatt, 


ffeb.  21,  85. 

Aprill  25,  iGS*). 

8  •"•■■•  3.  1686  Oct. 

8  ''«■■  5    1686. 

Aug.  17,  1687. 

Aug.  26,  88. 


The  names  of  such  persons  as  are  added  to  the  church  and  received 
to  Full  communion. 


130 

131 

132 

133 
134 
135 

136 

137 
138 

139 

140 
141 

142 

143 
144 

145 
146 

147 


1694. 
\       Received  Febr:  3,  169I. 


^    received  March  17,  1695. 


Andrew  Benton  and  his  wife,        Received  Decemb''  10 

Capt  Jonathan  Bull  and 

Mrs  Sarah  Bull  his  wife, 

Mr  Richard  Lord  &  Mrs 

Abigail  Lord  his  wife, 

Jonathan  Webster  &  Dorcas  his 
wife, 

Samuel  Kalog  &  Sarai  his  wife, 

Thomas  Hills,  batavus, 

Sarai  (y«  wife  of  James  Steel 
juniO, 

Elizabeth  y"  daughter  of  Mr 
James  Steel,  Senio\ 

Samuel  Steel  and  Mary  his  wife, 

Sarai  (the  daughter  of  Mr  Jo- 
seph) Bull, 

Mary  Smith, 

Sarai  the  daughter  of  br""  Jn°  Eston,  received  Octob'  27 

Isaac  Hinsdale,  Received  Jan. 

Joseph  Benton  &  ) 

Daniel  Bull,  son  to  Mr  Jos:  Bull,  1 

Dorothy  Hosmer,  Received  April  26 


Received  June  2'',  1695. 

1695. 
5.  95- 

Received  Mar.  8,  96. 
1696. 


294 


History  of  the  Church 


148. 
149. 

150. 
151- 
152. 
153. 

154. 

155- 

156. 

157- 
158. 

159- 

160. 

161. 

162. 
163. 

164. 

165. 
166. 
167. 

168. 

i6g. 
170. 

171. 
172. 

173. 

174. 

175- 
176. 

177- 
178. 
179- 
180. 


Mrs  Wilson  and         ] 

Mary  (the    wife    of    Nathaniel)   I        received  Tune  28,  1606. 
Cole,  J 

Benoni  Steel, 

John  Turner, 

Widdow  Mary  Cole, 

Susanna  (the  wife  of  John  Tur- 

Mr.  Samuel  Welds, 
Mrs  Lydia  Way 

«& 
Lydia  Benton,  i 

Joseph  Andros  and 
Rebecca  his  wife, 


received  August  23,  1696. 

received  Jan.  31,  1696. 
received  April  25,  1697. 

August  8,  1697. 


Mary  y"  wife  of  Samuel  Nor- 
th am, 

Esther  y«  wife  of  Nathaniel 
Smith, 

Hannah  (Daughf  to  Deacon) 
Wilson, 

Thomas  Whaples, 

Mrs  Sarai  Welds  wife  to  Icha- 

bod  W., 
Mary  Whaples,  wife  to  Thomas 

W., 
Sarai  Judd, 
Nathaniel  Smith, 
Dorothy   (the   wife   of  WilHam) 

Roberts, 
Mary  the  wife  of  J"°  Warren, 

John  White  and 

Dan"  Judd  of  farmingtown, 

Jn"  Warren, 

Mr  Nath'i  Hooker, 

Hannah    Hart    y«   wife   of 

Hart, 
Elizabeth  Bird, 
Ruth  Judd, 

Daniel  Andros  of  farmington, 
Joseph  Gillet, 
Abraham  Merrils  & 
Pru.  Merrils  his  wife, 
Ann  Webster, 


Jn°   I 


June  19,  1698. 


August  28,  1698. 

Feb.  12,  i69f. 

August   20,  1699. 
Decembe  17,  99. 

Aprill  14,  1700. 

July  28,  1700. 

Decemb"'  S,  1700. 

June  20,  1702. 


Appendix  III 


295 


181. 

182. 
183. 

184. 

185. 
186. 

1S7. 

18S. 
189. 
190. 

191. 
192. 

193. 
194. 
195. 
196. 

197- 
198. 
199. 
200. 
201. 
202. 
203. 

204. 
205. 
206. 
207. 


Mrs  Ann,  y«  wife  of  Mr  Th"  Hosmer, 

Jabez  Whittlesey, 

Elizabeth,  y"  wife  of  Jn"  Woodrooff  of 
f  armington , 

Ruth  the  wife  of  Thomas  Seymour, 

John  Brownson  of  Farmingtown, 

Elizabeth  Bird  of  Farmington, 

Elizabeth  the  wife  of  Matthew  Woodruffe 
of  Farmington, 

Susanna  Mygat, 

EUzabeth  Hubbard, 

Esther  wife  of  Jonathan   Web- 
ster, 

Josej^h  Webster, 
Mary  Webster  his  wife, 
Barnabus  Hinsdale, 
Martha  his  wife, 
Mehetabel  Worthington, 
Sarai  Webster, 
Elizabeth  Davis, 


John  Seymour  junir, 

John  Webster, 

Caleb  Bull, 

Jacob  Merrels, 

Elizabeth  wife  to  Jn°  Seymour, 

Sarai  wife  to  William  Webster, 

Robert  Webster  senior, 
Hannah  Webster  his  wife, 
Edward  Foster, 
Abigail    Merrils    wife   to  Jacob 

Merrils, 
Daniel  Merrels  and 
Susanna  Merrels  his  wife, 
Samuel  Hubbard  Juni% 
Isaac  Merrel, 
Wolterton  Merrel, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Whiting, 
Widow  Elizabeth  Bunce, 
Widow  Hannah  Kellogue, 
Ensighn  John  Marsh, 
EHzabeth  his  wife, 
Samuel  Cole, 
John  Watson  juni', 
Sarai  wife  to  Joseph  Benton, 
*  Probably  intended  for  1 712-13. 


208. 
209. 
210. 
211. 
212. 
213. 
214. 

215. 
216. 
217. 
218. 
219. 
220. 


Feb.  28,  1702/3. 
Sep' 19,  1703. 

Octob''  28,  1704. 
Feb.  18,  1705. 
April  15,  1705. 
Aug.  19,  1705. 

Octob"'  21,  1705. 
Aug.  10,  1707. 

July  25,  1708. 


March  16,  17^^. 


March  30,  171 2. 


Apr.  13,  1712. 

Aug.  31,  1712. 
SejDt.  21,  1712. 

Dec.  21,  1712. 
Jan  18,  1711/12.* 

March  15,  1712/13. 


>g6 


History  of  the  Chtirch 


221.  Lydia  Loomis, 

222.  Mr.  Edmond  Dorr, 

223.  Samuel  Benton  Seni^ 

224.  Mrs  Ruth  Welds, 

225.  Mr  Ichabod  Welds  &  ) 
lib.  Lieut.  Nath.  Marsh,    S 
227.  Wife  to  L.  Nath.  Marsh, 
22S.  Daniel  Benton, 

229.  Rebecca  Barret, 

230.  Mrs.  Sarai,  wife  of  Mr  vSamuel  Mighill, 

231.  Sibyl  Bull, 

232.  Anne  Church, 

233.  Mehetabel  Waters, 

234.  Mary  Turner,       ) 

235.  Mary  Jesse,  S 

236.  Phebe  Smith, 

237.  Mrs  Jerusha  Whiting,    } 

238.  Phyllis  Parsons,  f 

239.  Serj'  Zachariah  Seymour,  ") 

240.  Jacob  Benton, 

241.  Hannah,  y«   wife   of   Zachariah 

Seymour, 

242.  Hannah,  wife  to  Welterton  Merrels, 

243.  Mehetabel,  wife  to  Jonathan  Biglow, 

244.  Sarai,  wife  to  John  Wheeler, 

245.  Ebenezer  Webster  and  Hannah  "] 

his  wife, 

246.  Thomass  Hosmer, 

247.  Jacob  Hinsdale, 

248.  Cyprian  Webster, 

249.  Sarai  Hubbard, 

250.  Ensighn  James  Church, 

251.  Caleb  Benton, 

252.  Elizabeth,     wife     to     Jonathan 

Marsh, 

253.  Martha  Hinsdale, 

254.  Elizabeth  Colefox, 

255.  Elizabeth  Hinsdale, 

256.  Hannah,  wife  to  Caleb  Benton, 

257.  Mary,  wife  to  Daniel  Steel, 

258.  Mrs.  Ehzabeth,  wife  to  L.  Ch.  Whiting, 

259.  Abigail  Bunce, 

260.  Lois  Dickenson, 

261.  EHzabeth,  wife  of  Joseph  Waters, 

262.  Elizabeth,  wife  to  Cyprian  Webster, 


i 


August  9,  1 713. 
Feb.  27,  1714/5. 

Sept.  23,  1716. 

Nov.  4"^,  1716. 

July  6,  1718. 

July  13,  1718. 
Sept.  21,  1718. 
Dec.  7,  1718. 
Nov.  29,  1719. 
April  10,  1720. 
Sept.  4,  1720. 
April  16,  1721. 

June  25,  1721. 

Nov.  5,  1 72 1. 

Feb.  10,  1722/23. 


June  23,  1723. 

Sept.  22,  1723. 
Aug.  23,  1724. 
Nov.  29,  1724. 


March  21,  1724/5. 


March  28,  1725. 


June  27,  1725. 


Feb.  20,  1725. 

July  16,  1727. 
Apr.  21,  172S. 
Nov.  17,  172S. 

Nov.  2,  1729. 

Nov.  I,  1730. 


Appendix  III 


297 


263.  Capt.  Tho.  Seymour,  \ 

264.  Mr.  Tho.   Seymour   &  his    wife,  ■- 

265.  Mrs.  Ruth  Seymour,  ) 


June  27,  1731. 


(Following  the  records  of  membership  are  three  blank  pages,  after  which 
commences  the  record  of  baptisms,  continuing  through  the  book,  and  the 
space  proving  insufficient,  Mr.  Buckingham  recommenced  his  record  on  the 
first  of  these  blank  pages,  with  the  caption  given  below.) 

Here  follows  an  account  of  y"  baptised  in  this  church 
to  come  [next?]  to  those  at  y**  end  of  this  book  : 


266.  Joseph   son  to  Joseph  Fitch, 

267.  Magalene  daughter  to  Jonathan  Seymour, 

268.  Sarai  daughter  to  Samuel  Howard, 

269.  Jared  son  to  mr.  Tho.  Seymour,    ] 

270.  Phinehas   son  to  Jacob  Benton,    ) 

271.  Elizabeth    daughter  to    Joseph   \ 

Waters,  j, 

272.  Sarah   daughter  to  Tho.  Burkit,  j 

273.  Welthean  daughter  to  Daniel  Steel, 

274.  Asa   son  to  Ebenezer  Benton,       '1 

275.  Ehzabeth   daughter  to  Jn"  Gur-   L 

ney,  J 

276.  John  son  to  Jn°  Cole, 

277.  EHsha  son  to  Mr.  Jonathan  Wehs, 

278.  Abigail   daughter  to  Joseph  Bunce, 

279.  William  Bradford  son  to  L.  Charles  Whit- 

ing, 

280.  Samuel  son  to  Nathaniel  Marsh, 

Juni"', 

281.  Jacob  son   to  Jacob   Mygat,  w"- 

282.  he  and  his  wife  owned  their 
covenant, 

284.  Darius  son  to  Samuel  Wilson, 

285.  Ehzabeth  daughter  to  Cyprian  Webster, 

286.  Jared  son  to  John  Bunce,  Juni'', 

287.  Sarai  daughter  to  Nathaniel  White, 
2S8.  Moses  son  to  Moses  Merrels, 


Nov.  I,  1730. 
Nov.  8,  1730 
Dec.  20,  1730. 

January  17,  1730. 

Feb.  7,  1730/31. 

Feb.  14,  1730/31. 

Feb.  28,   1 730/1. 

March  7,  1 730/1. 

March  22,  1730/31. 

March  28,  1731. 

Apr.  II,  1 73 1. 
May  9,  1 731. 


May  23,  1731. 
June  20,  1731. 
June  27,  1731. 
July  II,  1731. 
July  18,  1731. 


jpS 


History  of  the  Church 


Children  belonging  to  the  2d  church 
in  Hartford,  borne   after  their  settlem' 


in   a   Distinct  State 


and 


Baptised. 


289.  Hanah  the   daughter  of  James  ^ 

Steele,  | 

290.  ]\Iartha   the  daughter  of  Lydia   1" 

Smith,  j 

291.  Ehzabeth,  Joseph,  Sarah,  Mary,  1 

John  ^  i 

292.  and    Hanah,    the     children    of  i" 

Barth:  Barnard,  j 

293.  John  the  son  of  Tho:   Bull   Jun""  1 

who  this  day  owned  the  cov-   \ 
enant,  J 

294.  Samuell  the  son  of  John   Whiting, 

295.  Benjamin     the    son    of   Robert  Webster, 

296.  Hannah  the  daughter  of  Stephen  Hosmer, 

297.  Sarah  the  daughter  of  John  Eston, 

298.  Sarah  the  daughter  of  Tho:  Bunce, 

299.  Thomas  the  son  of  mr  James  Richards, 

300.  Mary  the  daughter  of  John  Seamer, 

301.  Abraham  the  son  of  John  Merolds, 

302.  Nathan"  and  Joseph  the  twins  of  Jn"  Marsh 

303.  John  Wiard  about  16  years,  and  1 

304.  Margaret  Wiard  aged  about  14 

years, 

305.  Mary   Sanford  the   daughter   of  ■] 

Nath"      Sanford    with     her   I 
mother,  baptised,  J 

306.  William  the  son  of  Left :  Robert 

Webster, 

307.  Benjamin     Smith     the    son     of 

Lydia  Smith, 

308.  William  the  son  of  Sarah  House, 

309.  Wihiam  the  son  of  Sarah  Worthington, 

310.  Johanna  the  daughter  of  Sarah  Wiard, 

311.  Lydia  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Ehezer  Way, 

312.  Thomas  the  son  of  Ehz.  Warren, 

313.  Mary  the  daughter  of  Stephen  Hosmer, 

314.  I\Iary  the  daughter  of  John  Mekins, 

315.  Joseph      the      son      of     Nath"  ^ 

Standly,  j- 

316.  Thomas  the  son  of  Tho:  Bunce,  j 


March  6,  166S. 


March  20, 

tABS 

Aprill  10, 

1670 

Aprill  24, 

1670 

May  I, 

1670. 

May  29, 

1670. 

July  24, 

1670 

August  14, 

1670 

S"*"-  9, 

1670. 

c)^"  20, 

1670. 

JQber   25, 

1670 

March  5, 

1671 

March  12 

June  18. 

July  2. 

Baptised. 

July  9,  1671- 

July  23. 

Aug.  13. 

8''«'  I. 

S*""-  22. 

lo'^'"'  17. 

ft'eb'^y  4. 

ffeb'y  25. 


317- 
3iS. 
319- 
320. 
321. 
322. 
323- 
324- 
325. 
326. 

327- 
328. 

329- 
330. 

331. 
332. 
333- 

334- 

335- 

336. 
337- 
338. 
339- 
340. 
341- 
342. 
343- 
344- 
345- 
346. 
347- 
34S. 
349- 
350. 
351. 

352. 
353- 


Appendix  III 

James  the  son  of  Hannah  Eston, 
Hanah  the  daughter  of  John  Church, 
Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Mr.  James  Richards, 
Sarah  the  daughter  of  Joseph  Bull, 
Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Lydia  Smith, 
Zachary  the  son  of  John  Seamer, 
Mary  the  daughter  of  John  Eston, 
Sarah  the  daughter  of  goodwife  Dowe, 
Sarah  the  daughter  of  John  Marsh, 
John  the  son  of  Sarah  House, 
Daniel  the  son  of  John  Merolds, 
Lydia  the  daughter  of  John  Wilson, 
Ebenezer  the  son  of  Mr.  Eliezer 

Way, 
Hanah  the   daughter  of   Hanah 

Eston, 

Ebenezer  the  son  of  Andrew  Benton, 
Abigaill  the  daughter  of   James  Steele, 
EHzabeth  the  daughter  of  Left:  Rob'  Webster, 


299 


Dorothy  the  daughter  of  Stephen 

Hosmer, 
Sarah     the    daughter    of    John   \ 

Mekins, 

Sarah  the  daughter  of  Lydia  Smith, 
John  the  son  of  Mr.  James  Richards, 
Hanah  the  daughter  of  Nath"  Standly, 
Samuel  the  son  of  Elizabeth  Warren, 
Thomas  the  son  of  John  Whiting,  pastor, 
John  the  son  of  Thomas  Bunce, 
Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  John  Church, 
Margaret  the  daughter  of  John  Seamer, 
Sarah  the  daughter  of  Sarah  House, 
Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  John  ]Marsh, 
Woolterton  the  son  of  John  Merolds, 
Joseph,  the  son  of  Joseph  Bull, 
Sarah  the  daughter  of  John  Eston, 
Lydia  the  daughter  of  Andrew  Benton, 
Thomas  the  son  of  Stephen  Hosmer, 
Elizabeth       the      daughter      of  ] 

Haiiah  Eston,  | 

Hanah    the    daughter    of  John   \ 

Wilson , 
Mary   the   daughter    of    Joseph  \ 

Biddall      that      had     before  (• 

taken  hold  of  the  covenant,     ) 


March  10,  1672. 
June  2. 

^bor  29. 

8''"  6. 

9'*"  24. 

lo'"""  22. 

IQbei-   29. 

ffeb^y  2. 

ffeb^-y  16. 

May  18,  1673. 

June  22. 

S''"  26. 


Jan^y  4. 

Jan^^•  25. 

ffeb^y  8. 

Baptised. 


Aprill  ig,   1674. 

May  3. 

7*""  6. 

8""  II. 

gber   J 

gber  8. 

IQber  20. 

lo'"'''  27. 

Jan^v  17. 

Aprill  18,  1675. 

June  27. 

July  4- 

August  15. 

9  '•"  21. 

iTebo'  13. 

ffebo-  20. 

March  12,  1676. 


March  19. 


300 


History  of  the  Church 


354.  Hanah,  the  daughter  of  Mrs  \ 
Wilson,  who  this  day  owned  ^ 
the  covenant,  ) 

-f-Mary    the  daughter  of    Sarah  ^ 
Worthington  ;  Thomas 
the  son  and  Mary  the  daughter 
of  Mary  Mekins  of  Hatfield.  J 
-(-Samuell  the  son  of  John  Mekins, 


355- 
356. 

357- 
358. 

359- 

360. 
361. 
362. 
363- 
364- 
3^5- 
366. 

367. 


368. 
369. 


370. 
371- 
372. 


373- 
374- 

375- 

376- 
377- 


378. 


Martha  the  daughter  of  Thoma: 
day   owned 


n 


Hale,    who   this 
the  covenant,  J 

Mary  the  son  of  John  Whiting,  pastor, 

Joseph  the  son  of  John  Church, 
Richard  the  son  of  John  Seamer, 
Joseph,  the  son  of  Sarah,  the  wife  of  Rich:  Sni 
Mary  the  daughter  of  Sarah  House, 
Susanna  the  daughter  of  John  Merolds, 
Edward  the  son  of  Lydia  Smith, 
Samuell  the  son  of  Samuell  Cole, 
Annah  the  daughter   of  mr  Jo- 
seph   Whiting  who  this  day 

owned  the  covenant, 
Mary  the  daughter  of  Nath"  Standly, 
Sarah  the  daughter  of  Elizabeth  "[ 

Wadsworth  having  satisfied   I 

for  her  sin,  and   owned  the   j 
covenant,  j 

Daniell  the  son  of  Joseph  Bull, 
Hanah  the  daughter  of  John  ]\Iarsli, 
Hanah  the  daughter  of  Andrew  \ 

Benton,  Jun^   who    this  day  |- 

owned  the  covenant,  ) 

Joseph,  the  son  of  Thomas  Bunce, 
Abigail    the    daughter    of    Mr.  ^ 

James  Richards,  I 

Nathan"  the  son  of   mrs   Mary   j 

Wilson,  J 

George,  the  son  of  goodwife  (Richard)  Smith, 
Samuell    the     son     of     Hanah  ] 

Thornton    recommended    to   1 

us  from  the  church  of  Mil-   j 

ford,  J 

Sarah    the     daughter     of    John  \ 

Webster,  who  this  day  owned  '- 

the  covenant,  ) 


Aprill  9. 


'&>"  S. 

August  27. 
'S°"  22. 

gber   5. 

Baptised 

9*^'  12,  1676. 

ffeVy  II. 

ith,     ffeb'-y  iS. 

May  13,  1677. 

June  3. 

June  24. 

July  8. 

7b*'-  2. 

Sb"  14. 


9""  14. 

gber   J  2. 
jQber   2. 

Jan^^■  6. 
Jan^^'  20. 

May  26,  167S. 

July  21. 

August  4. 

^b«r  29. 


Appendix  III 


301 


379.  Amy  the  daughter  of  Joseph  Biddall, 

380.  Joseph  the  son  of  Rebecca  An- 

drews,  who  this   day  owned 
the  covenant, 

381.  John  the  son  of  John  Eston, 

382.  Jonathan  the  son  of  John  Seamer, 

383.  Hanah,  the  daughter  of  Andrew  Benton  Sen" 

384.  Ebenezer  the  son  of  John  Marsh, 

385.  DcHverance  the  son  of  John  Church, 
3S6.  Amy  the  daughter  of  Sarah  House, 
387.     EUzabeth  the  daughter  of  John  ^ 

Whiting,  pastor,  I 

38S.     Mary   and   Lydia  the   twins   of   | 

Sam"  Cole,  j 

3S9.     Martha  the  daughter  of  Andrew  Benton  Jun' 

390.  Stephen  and  Esther  the  twins  ") 

of  Stephen  Hosmer,  I 

391.  John  the   son  of  John   Biddall  \ 

Jun^  who  this  day    owned 
the  covenant,  J 

392.  Mary  the  daughter  of  Lydia  Smith, 

393.  John  the  son  of  Mr  Joseph  Whiting, 

394.  Abel  the  son  of  John  jMerolds, 

395.  Caleb  the  son  of  Joseph  Bull, 

396.  Joseph  the  son  of  Sarah  Cook, 

397.  Jonathan  the  son  of  Hafiah  Eston, 

398.  John  the  son  of  John  Wilson, 

399.  John  the  son  of  Mary  (Richard)  Smith, 

400.  William  the  son  of  Elizabeth  Wadsworth, 

401.  John  the  son  of  And:  Benton,  Sen"", 

402.  Sarah  the  daughter    of    Sarah 

Knight,  who  this  day  owned 
the  covenant,  \. 

403.  Joseph     the    son     of    Rebecca 

Andrews, 

404.  Ebenezer    the   son  of  goodwife 

Dickinson     who     this      day 
owned  the  covenant, 

405.  Nathan"  the  son  of  John  Seamer, 

406.  John  the  son   of  John  Watson, 

who    this    day    owned    the 
covenant, 

407.  Anne  the  posthumus  daughter  of 

408.  nv   James   Richards,    the   June 

before  dyed, 

409.  John  the  son  of  John  Webster, 


gber   j^ 
lO'""'  I. 

Jan^y  12. 

Jan'y  19. 

]i\\V^  26. 

fTeb'^y  23. 

Baptised. 

March  2,  1679. 

March  23. 

May  25. 
August  I. 

August  8. 


^"  16. 

9''er  23. 

ffeb'-y  I. 

ffeb^y  8. 

ffeb^v  15. 

March  14,  1680. 

Aprill  25. 

May  2. 

May  9. 

May  30. 


July  II. 

<^"  7. 

9''"  14 

9''"  28. 
10''"  26. 


302 


History  of  the  Church 


410.  Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Sam"  Cole, 

411.  Joseph  the  son  of  John  Whiting,  pastor, 

412.  Joseph  the  son  of  Joseph   Bid-  ^ 

dall,  I 

413.  Hanah    the    daughter  of    John   j 

Marsh,  I 

414.  Susanna  the  daughter  of   Nath"  "| 

Standly,  ! 

415.  Mary    the    daughter     of     mrs.    \ 

Mary  Wilson,  J 

416.  Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Eliz.  Wadsworth 

417.  Andrew  the  son  of  And:  Benton,  Jun% 

418.  Rebecca  the  daughter  of  John  Mekins, 

419.  Susatia  the  daughter  of  Micah  Mudge, 

420.  Abigail  the  daughter  of  Thomas 

Bunce, 

421.  Thomas  the  son  of  Sam"  Steele, 

who  this  day  owned  the  cov- 
enant, j 

422.  Mehetabel  the  daughter  of  Mary  Dickinson, 

423.  Mary  the  daughter  of  John  Eston, 

424.  Sarah  the  daughter  of  Stephen  Hosmer, 

425.  Sarah  the  daughter  of  John  Biddall, 

426.  Mary  the  daughter  of  Sarah  Cook, 

427.  Nathan"  the  son  of  Joseph  Bull, 
S  arah     the    daughter    of    John  ^ 

Bunce,  who  this   day  owned   [- 
the  covenant,  j 

429.  Hanah  the  daughter  of  Sarah  House, 

430.  Isaac  the  son  of  John  Merolds, 

431.  Jonathan   the  son   of    Jonathan  ^ 

Webster,  who  this  day  owned   J- 
the  covenant,  j 

432.  Susanna  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Joseph  Whiting, 

433.  Thomas  the  son  of  John  Watson, 

434.  Daniel  the  son  of  Daniel  Biddall,  ~1 

who  this  day  owned  the  cov-   \ 
enant,  J 

435.  Sarah  the  daughter  of  Eliz:  Wadsworth, 

436.  Nathaniell  the   son  of   Nathan"  ■) 

Cole,   who   this  day    owned   \ 
the  covenant,  J 

437.  Anne  the  daughter  of  John  Webster, 

438.  Thomas  the  son  of  John  Biddall, 

439.  Love  the  daughter  of  Sarah  Knight, 


Baptized. 

Jan'y  27,  1680. 

ffeb^''  27. 

Aprill  10,  1681. 


Aprill  17. 

Aprill  24. 

July  31. 

August  21. 

August  28. 


7""  II. 


7""  25. 
S^"  2. 
8""  16. 
8''"  23. 
g''"  20. 
id'""'  II. 

Jan^y  I. 

ffeb'^'  12. 
March  12,  1682. 

March  26. 

June  25. 

7ber  21. 
8'"^''   22. 

Baptised. 
9''«''  5,   16S2. 

9'""'  12. 

lo^'''-  3. 

lo''*'''  31. 

ffeb'-y  18. 


Appendix   III  ^o^ 

440.  Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Sam"  "] 

Steele,  | 

441.  John  and  Mehetabel,  children  of  [  fFeb''>'  25. 

442.  Mary  Mekins  of  Hatfield, 

443.  Sarah  the  daughter  of  Sarah  Cook,  March  18,  1683 

444.  Nath"  the  son  of  John  Whiting,  pastor,  Aug'  5 

445.  Ichabod  the  son  of  Samuel  Cole,  ^ 

446.  Mercy  the  daughter  of  Andrew  \  ber 

Benton,                                         j  ^' 

447.  John  the  son  of  John  Bunce,  g''"  18 

448.  Lydia  the  daughter  of  John  Marsh,  Jan'-y  13. 

449.  Mehetabell  the  daughter  of  John  Eston,  jan'y  20. 

450.  Samuell  the  son  of  Jonathan  Webster,  ffeb'y  17. 

451.  Jonathan  the  son  of  John  Biddall  Jun%  March  16,  1684. 

452.  Joshua  the  son  of  Sam"  Welds,  Aug.  29. 


16S4. 

453-     ffeb^v  8.  Nathan  the  son  of  Tho:  Whaples,  who  this   day  owned 
cov'. 

454.  ffeb'">'  15.    Samuell  ^ 

Jerusha  f      Steele,  twins  of  Sam"  Steele. 

455.  ffelyy  22.     John  the  son  of  Andrew  Benton. 
1685. 

456.  March  15.     William  the  son  of  mr.  Joseph  Whiting. 
457-     March  29.     Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Noah  Cook. 

459-     lo'^'^'-      27.     Susana  the  daughter  of  Jonathan  Bull,  who  y^  day 
owned  the  covenant. 

460.  Jan^v     10.     Jonathan  the  son  of  John  Bunce. 

1686. 

461.  March  28.  Samuell  the  son  of  Arthur  Smith. 

462.  Aprill     4.  Abigail  the  daughter  of  John  Biddall. 
463-  Jacob  the  son  of  John  Merolds. 

464.  Aprill  18.     Mary   the   daughter   of   Ichabod   Welds   who    this 

day  owned  the  covenant. 

465.  Aprill  26.     Susana  the  daughter  of  Jonathan  Webster. 

466.  June       6.     Thomas  the  son  of  John  Whiting,  born  May  20. 
467-  W'"  the  son  of  Joseph  Andrews. 

468.  Hephzibah  the  daughter  of  John  Marsh. 

469.  8""       10.     Abigail  the  daughter  of  John  Webster 
1686. 

470.  8""     10.     John,  Joseph,  Daniell,  Stephen,  Abraham,  Elizabeth. 
471-  and  Hafaah  the  children  of  John  Andrews  of  roke 

hill,  who  the  Sabboth  before  (8""  3)  ^vas  taken   into 
an  adult  state,  to  be  under  the  watch  of  the  church,  &c. 


J04  History  of  the  Church 

472.  John  Dix,  and  his  wife  Mary,  received  into  a  state  of 
adult  membership,  and  their   children  yupon  bap- 

473.  tised,  first  Sarah  and  John  and  afterward  (Aprill  10, 

474.  '87)  AVihiam,  Marget,  Daniell  and  Elizabeth. 
1687. 

475.  March  13.  Deborah  the  daughter  of  deacon  (Stephen)  Osmer. 

476.  Ehzabeth  ye  daughter  of  John  Bunce. 

477.  20.  Abigail  the  daughter  of  John  Eston. 

478.  Mary  the  daughter  of  James  Steele,  Jun'. 

479.  May      I.  the  children  of  mrs.  patience  Gibbons,  received  into 

the  church  some  time  before. 

480.  William  and  Sands,  the  sons  [^     of  mrs. 

481.  Anne,  Sybilla  and   Mary,  the  daughters  I    Gibbons. 

482.  This  day  also  was  baptized,  Martha  the  daughter  of 

483.  mr.  Dan"   Tailor,    Mrs.  Tailor  being  a  member  at 

Boston. 

484.  29.     Lydia   the  daughter  of   Lydia  fflowers  (daughter  of 

Joseph   Smith)  who  this  day  owned  the  covenant. 
4,85.     June    19.     Thomas  the   son  of   Joseph   Whaples,  who   y'   day 
owned  the  covenant. 

486.  26.     John  the  son  of   John  White  who  y»  day  owned  the 

covenant. 

487.  July      3.     Susanah  the  daught'  of  John  and  Mary  Dix. 

488.  10.     Dorothy  the  daughter  of  Sam"  Cole. 

489.  24.     John  the  son  of  Wm.  and  patience  Gibbon,   mr.  and 

mrs. 
4go.  John  the  son  of  Nath"  and  Deborah  Crow. 


Aug.  28. 


16S7.  Baptised. 

49  r.     Ana  the  daughter  of  mr.  Joseph 
Whiting, 

492.  Sarah  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Jona- 

than Bull, 

493.  Miriam  about  16  years  old,     the  children  of       \ 

494.  Mary  about  II  years  old,        Martha  Hanison.    ) 

495.  James   the   son,   and  Sarah  the 

daughter  of  Martha  Hanison,  v''"  18. 

496.  Thomas  the  son  of  mr.  Wm.  Tow- 

sey,  comended  to   us  from 
Ipswich,  f'^'  25. 

497.  Dorothy  the   daughter   of  Wm.  ■) 

Roberts,  who  this  day  owned   \  S^"  9. 

the  covenant,  j 

498.  Jonathan  the  son  of  mr.  Thomas  ~] 

Welds,  who  this  day  owned  \  8''"  23. 

the  covenant,  J 


Appendix  III 


305 


499. 
500. 
501. 
502. 
503- 

504- 

505. 

506. 
507. 

508, 


509 


510 

511 
512 


Ichabod  the  son  of  Mr.  Ichabod  Welds, 
Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Daniel  Biddall, 
Abigail  the  daughter  of  Sam;  Hubbard, 
W'".  the  son  of  Sam"  Steele,         ) 
David  the  son  of  John  Biddall,      ) 
16S8. 
Hafiah  the  daughter  of  Sam:  Benton, 
Mary   the   daughter   of    deacon  \ 

Wilson,  [• 

Jacob,  the  son  of  Tho:  Whaples,  ) 
Mary  the  daughter  of  William 

Whiting,  borne  Aprill  i. 
John  the  son  of  Sarah  Hatchet 

(Howard)  who  had  formerly 

owned  the  covenant. 
This  day  Thomas   Hill  was  re-  1 

ceived   into  a   state  of   adult   ; 

membership  by  taking  hold   f 

of  y^  covenant,  J 

Thomas  the  son  and  Elizabeth  and  Sarah  (the 
daughters)  of  Thomas  Hill,  baptised. 
Dorothy  the  daughter  of  Andrew  Benton. 


g"'^''  20. 

Jan''>'  I. 

ffebo-  12. 

ffeb'y  25. 

16S8. 

March  19. 

March  25. 


Aprill  8. 


Aprill  22. 


513- 
514- 

515- 


516. 


Tune 


Aug. 


517- 

7''"      16. 

518. 

519- 

29. 

520. 

S**"      14. 

521. 

Jan'-y  27. 

522. 

ffeb'-y  10. 

523. 

24. 

16S9. 

524. 

March  31 

525. 

526. 

May    12. 

527- 

528. 

July      7. 

529- 

14. 

530. 

Aug.  18. 

Anne  the  daughter  of  John  Watson. 

John  the  son  of  John  Whiting,  pastor. 

Evan  Davis  taken  into  a  state  of  adult  membership 

w"  also  he  made  confession  of  some   sins  he  had 

fallen  into,  as  among  the  church  papers. 
Jemima  and  Thomas  the  children  of  Evan  Davis, 

baptised. 
Thomas,  the  son  of  Jacob  Mygatt. 
Samuell  the  son  of  Samuell  Kellog,  who  this  owned 

y"  covenant. 
Mary  the  daughter  of  Jonathan  Webster. 
Susanna  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Hill. 
Benjamin  (the  son  of  John)  Andrews  of  roke-hill. 
Marah  the  daughter  of  Sam'  Hubbard. 
James  the  son  of  James  Steele. 

Deborah  the  daughter  of  John  Bunce. 
Lamrock  the  son  of  Lamrock  fflower. 
Joseph  the  son  of  John  Dix. 
Ketura  the  daughter  of  Joseph  Andruss. 
Joseph  the  son  of  Joseph  Whaples. 
Ebenezer  the  son  of  John  Webster. 
Mary  the  daughter  of  John  White. 


3o6 


History  of  the  Church 


A  continued  account  of  the  baptisms  of  such  children 
as  belong  to  the  second  church  in  Hartford 
from  the  year  1694. 


531- 

532. 

533. 

534- 
535- 
536- 

537- 

538. 
539- 

540. 


541- 
542. 

543- 
544- 

545- 

546- 

547- 


549- 

550. 
551. 

552. 
553- 
554- 

555- 


556. 

557- 


1- 


Rachel  the  daughf  of  Edward  "~| 
Allen,  I 

Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Miriam 

Orvice, 

Mary  y"  daughter  of  Dan"  Bid-  | 

well,  J 

The  son  of  Benj :  Adams,  \ 

Jacob  the  son  of  Jn°  Bunce,  S 

of  Barnabas  Hinsdale, 
w°  he  owned  the  covenant. 
Robert  &  Abranr  the  sons  of  Robert  Webster, 
w"  he  owned  the  covenant, 
the  son  of  Ichabod  Welds. 
Mary    the    daughter    of    Tho.  "1 

I 


Sept'  30,  1694. 


Octob'  28,  94. 


Whaples, 
Mary    the    daughter    of    Tho. 
Hunt,  memb"'  of  the  church 
att  Deerfield,  J 

Jn"  the  son  of  Samuel  Kellog, 
Jn"  the  son  of  Jn"  Seamer  Juni%  \ 
w°  he  owned  the  covenant,     ) 
William  the  son  of  Capt.  William 
Whiteing  w°  he  owned  the  cov- 
enant, 
Stephen  the  son  of  James  Steel 

Juni', 
Jn"  the  son  of  Lamrock  Flowers, 
Caleb  the  son  of  Jn"  Watson, 
Jonathan   the   son  of   Susannah  ") 
Dickeson      of     Wethersfield   I 
(daughter  of  Widdow  Smith   j 
of  Hartford,  j 

Caleb  (the  son  of  Joseph)  Andros, 
William  (the  son  of  William)  Roberts, 
Joseph  (the  son  of  Thomas)  Hills, 
Richard  (the  son  of  M'  Richard)  Lord, 
Jn"  the  son  of  Jn"  Merold  w"  he  owned  the 

covenant, 
Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Tho.  \ 
Dickeson  Jun''  w"  he  owned  > 
the  covenant,  ) 

Abigail  the  daughter  of  Jn"  Turner, 


Novem''  18,  1694. 

Decemb""  16,  1694. 
Decemb'  30,  1694. 

Feb.  24,  169*. 

April  7,  1695. 
May  12,  1695. 

May  19,  1695. 

June  9,  1695. 

July  28,  1695. 

August  18,  1695. 

Sepf  29,  1695. 

Sepf  29,  1695. 

Octob'  6,  1695. 

Octob'  27,  95. 


Hannah  the  daughter  of  Robert  Webster,   Novemb^  10,  1695. 


Appendix   III 


307 


558.  Sarai  the  daughter  of  Mary  (the 

559.  wife  of  George)   Wright   w"  he 

owned  the  cov', 

560.  William    (the    son    of    William) 

Worthington    w"    he   owned 
the  coven*, 

561.  Elizabeth  the    daughter   of  Jn" 

Warren,    w"   he  owned  the 
covenant,  ) 

562.  Ebenezer  the  son  of  Jn"  Steel,      \ 

563.  Ebenezer    the    son    of    Miriam  .- 

Orvice,  ) 

564.  Dorothy  (y«  daughter  of  Mr  Joseph)  Mygatt, 

565.  Martha  (the  daughter  of  Barnabus)  Hinsdale, 

566.  Mary  (the  daughf  of  Jn")  White, 

567.  Timothy  (the  son  of  Jn°)  Seam'  Junir, 

568.  Jonathan  (the  son  of  Capt  Jonathan)  Bull, 

569.  Joseph  (the  son  of  Joseph)  Barnard, 

570.  Joseph  (the  son  of  Joseph)  Welds,   ] 

w°  he  owned  the  covenant,      \ 

571.  Ebenezer  (the  son  of  Andrew)  Benton, 

572.  Sarai  (the  daughter  of  broth''  Samuel) 

Hubbard, 

573.  Sarai     (the     daughter    of     Jn°  \ 

Whaples)  when  he  also  owned   ■- 
the  covenant,  ) 

574.  Isaac  (y«  son  of  Sam")  Kellog,       \ 

575.  Sarai     (the     daughter    of    Jn")  ^ 

Merold,  ) 

576.  Daniel  (the  son  of  Daniel)  Pratt, 

577.  Daniel  (the  son  of  Mr  Samuel)  Steel, 

578.  Thomas  (the  son  of  Thomas)  Hunt, 

579.  Abigail  (the  daughter  of  Jn")  Turner, 

580.  Eleazar  (the  son  of  Mr  Ichabod)  Welds, 

581.  Thankfull  (the  daughter  of  Andrew)  Warner, 

582.  David  (the  son  of  Miriam)  Orvice, 

583.  Ann  (the  daughter  of  William)  Warren  w"  he 

owned  y°  coven*, 

584.  Hannah  (the  daughter  of  Daniel) 

Bidwell, 

585.  Mary  (the  daughter  of  Joseph)  J- 

Websf    w"    he     owned    y"   I 
coven',  J 

586.  Ann  (the  daughter  of  Joseph)  Andros, 

587.  Elizabeth  (the  daughter  of  Thomas)  Whaple^ 

588.  Elizabeth  (the  daughter  of  Joseph)  Welds, 

589.  Mary  (the  daughf  of  Lamrock)  Flowery, 


Decemb'  i,  1695. 


Decemb""  S,  1695. 


Decemb'  29,  1695. 


Jan.  5,  1695. 

Feb.  2,  1695. 
Feb.  23,  1695. 
May  10,  1696. 
June  21,  1696. 
July  19,  1696. 
August  30,  1696. 

Septemb'  5,  1696. 
Octob--  18,  1696. 

Novem.  29,  96. 

Nov.  29,  1696. 


Jan.  17,  1696. 

Feb.  21,  1696 

April  4,  1697 

April  II,  1697 

April  iS,  1667 

April  25,  1697 

2,  3,  1697 

9,  3.  1697 

30,  3,  1697. 
6,  4,  1697. 


13,  4,  1697. 

J5,  6,  1697. 

3,  S,  1697. 

29,  8,  1697. 


3o8 


History  of  the  Church 


590. 
591- 
592. 
593- 

594- 
595- 
596. 
597- 
598. 
599- 
600. 
601. 

602. 

603. 

604. 

605. 
606. 
607. 


609. 

610. 

611. 
612. 
613. 
614. 
615. 
616. 
617. 
618. 
619. 

620. 


Mary  (the  daughf  of  Jn")  Warren, 
Abigail  (the  daughf  of  mr  R)  Lord, 
Nathan"  (the  son  of  Nathan")  Smith, 
Elizabeth  (the  daughf  of  Joseph)  Marsh, 

w°  he  owned  y*  coven', 
Stephen  (y«  son  of  James)  Steel  jun', 
Matthew  (y"  son  of  Robert)  Webster, 
William  (the  son  of  William)  Warren, 
Benjamin  (the  son  of  William)  Roberts, 
Ann  (the  daughf  of  Mr  Samuel)  Whiteing, 
Daniel  (the  son  of  William)  Worthington, 
Elizabeth  (the  daughter  of  Jn°)  White, 
Samuel  (the  son  of  mr  Samuel)  Howard, 

w"  he  owned  y®  covenant, 
Hannah  (ye    daughter  of  Tho. 

Dickenson  jun^ 
Lydia  (y''  daughter  of  Ephriam) 

Smith, 
Mary   (y«   daughter   of  Samuel) 

Newel, 
Joseph  (y«  son  of  Joseph)  Pratt, 
Jn"  (the  son  of  Cyprian)  Nicols, 
Jacob    (the     son    of     Barnabus) 

Hinsdale, 

of    Ebenezer) 


1 


J 


Lemuel  (the  son 

Gilbert, 
Rachel     (the     daughter    of    Lt) 

Wheeler, 
Benjamin  (the  son  of  Jonathan) 

Webster, 
Jonathan  (y«  son  of  Jn°)  Whaples, 
Way  (the  daughf  of  Joseph)  Barnard, 
Martha  (the  daughter  of  Edward)  Allen, 
Jacob  (the  son  of  Sam")  Benton, 
Daniel  (the  son  of  Jn°)  Seam"'  jun\ 
Samuel  (the  son  of  mr  Samuel)  Wadsworth, 
Abigail  (the  daughf  of  mr  Jn»)  Hooker, 
Ebenezer  (the  son  of  Jn°)  Merils  junis 
Daniel  (the  son  of  Daniel  Merils,)  )_ 

w"  he  owned  y«  covenS  ' 

Elizabeth  (the  daughter  of  An-  ] 

drew)  Benton, 


621.     Ruth  (the  daughter  of  Joseph) 


\ 


Benton,  J 

622.  Jerusha  (the  daughter  of  mr  Rich'')  Lord, 

623.  Elizabeth,  (the  daughf  of  Joseph)  Gilbert, 

624.  Bethiah  (the  daughter  of  Miriam)  Orvice, 


5. 

10, 

1697. 

23. 

II, 

1697. 

23. 

II. 

1697. 

30, 

II. 

1697. 

10, 

2. 

1698. 

24- 

2, 

1698. 

8, 

3. 

1698. 

8 

3- 

1698. 

15 

3. 

1698, 

22 

3, 

169S. 

12, 

4. 

1698. 

19 

4. 

1698. 

26 

4. 

1698. 

July  3 

1698. 

July  10. 

July  17. 


August  14. 

August  28. 

Sept.  II. 

Sepf  26, 

Octob'  23. 

Novemb.  13 

Nov.  13. 

Decemb''  25. 

Jan.  8. 


Feb.  12. 

Feb.  26. 

March  12,  1699. 

April  25,  1699. 


Appendix   III 


309 


625.  Stephen  (the  son  of  John)  Colefare, 

626.  Jacob  (the  son  of  Sam")  Kelojjue, 

627.  Joseph  (the  son  of  Samuell)  Church, 

w"  he  owned  the  covenant, 
62S.     Moses  (the  son  of  Maj--  Jonathan)  Bull, 

629.  William  (the  son  of  William)  Wadsworth, 

of  Farmingtown  wn  he  owned  y«  covenant, 

630.  Elizabeth  (the  daughf  of  Joseph)  Barnard, 

631.  Mary  (the  daughf  of  Mr  Nath"  Hooker 

of  farmington  w"  he  owned  the  coven', 

632.  Susanna  (the  daughter  of  Nath")  Smith, 

633.  Anna  (the  daughter  of  Tho.)  Stanley,  Farm:, 

634.  Joseph  (the  son  of  Mr  Ichabod)  Wells, 

635.  Joseph  (the  son  of  Joseph)  Marsh,   \ 

636.  Susanna   (the   daughter  of    Jn"  '- 

Turner,  ) 

637.  Aaron  (the  son  of  Dan")  Bidwell, 

638.  Susanna,  (the  daughter  of  mr  Sam")  Howard, 

639.  Mary  (the  daughf  of  Goodm)  Gillet, 

640.  John  (the  son  of  Jn°)  Warren, 

641.  Jn°  (the  son  of  Jn")  Marsh  jun', 

642.  Joshua  (the  son  of  Robert)  Web-  "] 

ster, 

643.  Elizabeth  (the  daughter  of  Jo- 

seph) Webster, 

644.  William  (the  son  of  Mr  Jonathan) 

645.  Smith  of  Farmington,  j 

646.  Joseph  (the  son  of  Andrew)  Warner, 

647.  Violet  (the  daughter  of  Thomas)  Shephard, 

648.  Hezekiah  (the  son  of  George)  Wright, 

649.  Mary  (the  daughter  of  William)  ^ 

Lewis, 

650.  Mary  (the  daughter  of  William)  | 

Wadsworth, 

651.  Thomas    (the    son  of    Samuel) 

Smith, 

652.  Eliphalet  (the  son  of  Sergt  Sam")  Steel, 

653.  Sarai  (daughter  of  Barnabas)  Hinsdale, 

654.  Joseph  (the  son  of  W"')  Roberts, 

655.  Susannah  (the  daughter  of  Dan") 

Merill, 

656.  Dan"  (the  son  of  Sam")  Newel, 

Farmington, 

657.  Elizabeth     (the    daughter    Jn")  ' 

Lee,  Farm:, 
65S.     Mehetabel  (the  daughter  of  Tho. 
Dickenson, 


V 


April  9,  1699. 
April  23,  1699. 

April  30,  1699. 
May  21,  1699. 

May  21. 
May  2S. 

Octob'  1. 

Octob^  8. 

Novemb''  12. 

L  ecemb'  3. 

Dec.  10. 

Decemb''  17. 

Dec.  29. 

Dec.  31. 

Jan.  21. 

Feb.  4,  i6fg. 

March  :o,  1700. 


Aprill  21,  1700. 

Aprill  28. 
May  ig,  1700. 
June  2,  1700. 


June  9,  1700. 


June  24,  1700. 

July  28,  1700. 

Aug*'  II,  1700. 


August  25,  1700. 


3[o 


History  of  the  Church 


Octob"^  27,  1700. 


Feb.  23,  170^. 


March  9, 
Mai-ch  16, 
March  30, 


659.  Jacob  (the  son  of  Jn°)  White,  Sept.  22, 

660.  Isaac  (the  son  of  Tho:)  Buckingham,  Sept.  29, 

661.  Mary  (the  daughter  of  Joseph  Bird  of  Farmingtown 

who  on  this  day  owned  ye  covenant,  Octob''  20, 

662.  Mary  (the  daughter  of  mr  Jn")  "| 

Hooker,  I 

663.  Hannah      (the      daughter       of   | 

Stephen)  Root, 

664.  Joseph   (y«  son  of  Tho.)    Hart, 

juni'', 

665.  EUzabeth    (y®  daughter   of    mr 

Jn")  Wadsworth, 

666.  Abigail  (y«  daughter  of  James) 

Munn, 

667.  John  (y"*  son  of  Jn")  Church  bapt: 

w°  he  renewed  his  covenant. 

668.  WiUiam  (the  son  of  Samuel)  Hubbard 

y®  younger, 

669.  Elisha  (The  son  of  mr  Richard)  Lord, 

670.  Esther  (y*  daughter  of  Nat")  Smith, 

671.  Margarett(y«  daughter  of  Mary 

y  wife  of  Jn")  North  of 
Farmington  w°  she  owned 
her  covenant, 

672.  Jonathan    (y«    son     of    Joseph) 

Skinner, 

673.  Esther  (y*"  daughter  of  Joseph) 

Gillet, 

674.  Elizabeth  (y«  daughter  of   Jn°) 

Merrils  jun% 

675.  Elizabeth  (the  daughter  of  Jn")  Seamor,  jun' 

676.  Ann  (the  daughter  of  Matthew)  Cadwell, 

677.  Lydia  (the  daughter  of  Abigail)  vShipman, 

678.  Sarai  (the  daughter  of  Ephraim) 

Smith  of  Farmington, 

679.  Matthew  (}^  son  of  Ensign  Jn") 

Hart  of  Farmington, 
6S0.     John  (y  son  of  Tho.)  Alcott, 

681.  Sarai  (y*   daughter  of  William) 

Long, 

682.  Sarai  (the  daughter  of  mr  Samuel)  Welds, 

683.  John  (y"  son  of  Jn°)  Moodey  w°  he  owned 

y«  coven', 
6S4.     Jonathan  (y«  son  of  mr  Sam") 

Howard, 
685.     Benjamin     (y«    son     of     Sam") 

Kellogue,  j 


1700. 
1700. 


1700. 


1 701. 
1 701. 
1701. 


Aprill  13,  1 701. 


April  27,  1701. 


May  9, 
May  18, 
May  25, 


1701. 
1 701. 
1701. 


\ 


June  I,  1 701. 


June  8, 
June  15, 


1701. 
1701. 


June  22,  1 701. 


Appendix  III 


3i» 


686.  Jacob  (y«  son  of  Jn")  Whaples,       \ 

687.  Leah    (y«    daughter    of    Tho.)  [• 

Morgan ,  ' 

68S.     William  (the  son  of  W"')  Buekland, 

689.  Joseph  (the  son  of  Joseph)  Gilbart, 

690.  Stephen  (y«  son  of  Nath")  Goodwin, 

691.  Ebenezer  (y«  son  of  major  Jonathan)  Bull, 

692.  Cyprian  (y«  son  of  W'")  Webster, 

w°  he  owned  y«  coven', 

693.  Thomas   (y*     son    of    Timothy) 

Porter    of    Farmtn.    w"    he 
owned  y«  covenant, 

694.  George  (y«  son  of  George)  Sexton, 

695.  Nath"  y«  son  of  Tho.  Olcott,  y"  son  of 

Tho.  Olcott  Sen^ 

696.  Mary     the     daughter     of    W" 

Worthington, 

697.  Mary,  the  daugter  of  Tho.  Por- 

ter of  Farmington, 

698.  Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Tho. 

Hart,  Farmingtown, 

699.  Daniel  (y«  son  of  Tho:)  Olmstead, 

700.  Rachel  (y**  daughter  of  mr  Jn°)  ~1 

Alcott, 

701.  Tho.  (y«  son  of  m'  Tho.)  Hos- 

mer,  w°  he  owned  y«  coven', 

702.  Hannah  (y«  daughter  of  m""  W"") 

Wadsworth  of  Farmington, 

703.  Alice  yo  daughter  of  Mr  Nath" 

Hooker, 

704.  Amos  y«  son  of  Joseph  Buttler, 

705.  Ebenezer    y^    son   of   Serj'   Jn" 

Marsh  junior, 

706.  Hezekiah   y'    son   of   Ebenezer 

Hopkins, 

707.  Mehetabel  y«  daughter  of  Tho,  Waters, 

708.  Abigail  y«  daughter  of  serj'  Jn" 

Bunce, 

709.  Pheebe  y*  daughter  of   Arthur 

Smith, 

710.  Sarai  (y*  daughter  of  Mr  Icho:)  Welds, 

711.  John  (y«  son  of  Mr  Jn")  Bird,  \ 

712.  Hebzibah  y''  daughter  of  Samuel   [- 

Spencer  jun%  ) 

713.  Noadiah  (the  son  of  John)  Burr,   ^ 

714.  Ephraim  (the  son  of  Ephraim)    - 

Whaples,  ) 


J 


V 


July  13,  1701. 

July  20,  1701. 

July  27,  1701. 
August  24,  1701. 
August  31,  1701. 


Sept.  7,  1701. 

Sept.  19,  1701. 
Sept.  21,  1701. 

Sept.  28,  1701. 

Octob''  19,  1701. 

Nov.  2,  1701. 


Nov.  16,  1701. 

Nov.  23,  1701. 
Novem.  30,  1701. 

Decemb"^  7,  1701. 
Decemb''  14,  1701. 

Decemb''  21,  1701. 


312 


History  of  the  Church 


715.  Deliverance  (y«  daughf  of  Eph- 

raim)  Turner, 

716.  Elizabeth  (y^   daughter  of  Bar- 

nabus)  Hinsdale, 

717.  Samuel  The  son  of  Samuel  Peck, 

718.  Mary  the  daughter  of  John  Goodwin, 

719.  Timothy  y«  son  of  Jn°  Skinner, 

720.  Ebenezer  (y«  son  of  Daniel)  Bid- 

well, 

721.  Joseph  (y«  son  of  Thomas)  Spen- 

cer, 

722.  Caleb  the  son  of  Robert  Web- 

ster, 

723.  Sibil  The  daughter  of  Thomas  Butler, 

724.  Sarai  the  daughter  of  Joseph  Bull  juni"" 

725.  Daniel  the  son  of  Thomas  En-  " 

signe, 

726.  Stephen    the    son    of    Obadiah 

Spencer, 

727.  Elisha  son  of  Daniel  Pratt, 

728.  Ann  The  daughter  of  Tho.  Clark, 

729.  Moses  the  son  of  Samuel  Benton, 

730.  Jemima  (y*  daughter  of  Jonathan)  Husse, 

731.  Cyprian    The    son    of    Cyprian  ' 

Nicols, 

732.  Samuel  y»  son  of  Richard  Miles, 

733.  Samuel  y*  son  of  Tho.  Smith 

both  of  newhaven, 

734.  Sarai  The  daughter  of  Ebenezer 

Gilbart, 

735.  Sarai  y«  daughter  of  Jn°Moodey, 

736.  Timothy    the   son   of    Timothy 

Phelps, 
737-     Joseph  the  son  of  Jn°  Forbish, 

738.  Mary  the  daughter  of  William 

Roberts, 

739.  Isaac  y«  son  of  Benjamin  Gra- 

ham, 

740.  Hannah  y®  daughter  of  Sam" 

Spencer, 

741.  Jn°  y  son  of  Tho.  Olcott, 

742.  Paul  y»  son  of  Paul  Peck, 

743.  Joanna  y®  daughter  of  mr  Tho. 

Richards,   w"   he   owned   y° 
covenant, 

744.  Nathaniel  y®  son  of  Jn"  Merrils 

juni"", 

745.  Ruth    y«    daughter    of    Joseph 

Bird  of  Farmingtown, 


Jan.  II, 1701. 


Jan.  18,  1701. 
Feb.  8,  i7o|. 


March  i,  1702. 

March  8,  1702. 
March  22,  1702. 

March  29,  1702. 

Aprill  12,  1702. 

April  19,  1702. 

May  3,  1702. 

May  10,  1702. 

May  17,  1702. 


May  29,  1702. 


May  31,  1702. 


July  5,  1702. 


July  26,  1702. 


Appendix  III 


Z^l 


746. 

747- 
74S. 

749- 
750. 
751- 
752. 

753- 
754- 

755- 
756. 

757- 

758. 
759- 
760. 
761. 

762. 

763. 

/  764- 
765- 
766. 
767. 
768. 
769. 
770. 
771- 

772. 


773- 
774- 

775- 

776. 

777- 

778. 
779- 


Benjamin  y*  son  of  Thomas  Porter  of 

Farmingtown, 
Esther,  y«  daughter  of  Tho.  Dickenson, 
Jerusha  y»  daughter  of  Nathaniel  Smith, 
Nathaniel  y«  son  of  Bailey  Baker, 
Hannah  (y«  daughter  of  Joseph)  Hopkins, 
Abigail  (y»  daughter  of  Tho.)  Richards, 
Humphrey  (son  of  W'»)  Davenport, 
John  y«  son  of  Joshua  Carter,        \ 
Hannah  y«  daughter  of  Joseph  [• 
Gillet,  3 

Jn"  The  son  of  Joseph  Barnard, 
Abigail  y"  daughter  of  Mr  Sam" 
Howard, 
Abigail   y«   daughter   of   Tho. 
Burr, 
Samuel  son  to  mr  Richard  Edwards, 
Sarai  daughter  to  Joseph  Collier, 
Sarai  daughter  of  mr  William  Pitkin, 
John  y«  son  of  Matthew  Bid- 
well, 
Abraham    y«    son  of   Abraham 

Merrils, 
Mary  y"  daughter  of  Nath:  An- 

dros, 
Nathan  y«  son  of  mr  Joseph  Talcott, 
Ruth  y9  daughter  of  Jn"*  North,   } 
Caleb  y«  son  of  Jn"  Church,  f 

Sarai  y*  daughter  of  Sam"  Hubbard  junior 
Moses  y«  son  of  Daniel  Merrils, 
Jonah  y^  son  of  Samuel  Richards, 
Isaac  y«  son  of  Joseph  Benton, 
Mary  daughter  to  mr  Richard 

Lord, 
Ann  y   daughter  of  Elizabeth 
Dudley,  w°  she  owned  her 
covenant, 
Jonathan  y«  son  of  Jn"  Seamer  juni^ 
Moses  y«  son  of  Sarai  Blakeley  of 

new  haven  w"  she  owned  y«  covenant, 
Ebenezer  y«   son   of    Jonathan 

Smith  of  Farmington, 
Joseph  y"  son  of  Samuel  Smith, 
John  ye  son  of  Samuel   Porter, 

both  of  Farmingtown, 
Joseph  (y«  son  of  Thomas)  Buck- 
ingham, 
John  (y«  son  of  Jn")  Turner, 


August  2,  1702. 

August  30,  1702. 

Septemb'  6,  1702. 

Sept.  13,  1702. 

Sept.  27,  1702. 

Octob''  4,  1702. 

Octob''  II,  1702. 

Octob'  18,  1702. 


OctoV  25,  1702. 


Novemb.  i,  1702. 

Novemb.  8,  1702. 

Nov.  29,  1702. 


Decemb'  6,  702. 

Decemb.  13,  702. 
Jan:  10,  7of. 

Jan.  29,  702. 

January  31,  i7of. 

Feb.  7,  i7of. 

Feb.  14,  1703. 

21,  1703. 

March  21,  1703. 
May  18,  1703. 

June  6,  703. 
August  8,  1703. 


314 


History  of  the  Church 


J 


780.  Hannah  (y''  daughter  of  John)  Moodey, 

781.  Ebenezer  y«  son  of  Jn«  Norton  ~ 

Farmingtown, 

782.  Thomas    the    son    of    Thomas 

Andros,  Hartford, 

783.  Elizabeth  y"  daughter  of  Capt 

Aaron  Cook, 

784.  William  y«  son  of  William  Web- 

ster, 

785.  Martha  y«  daughter  of  Simon  Smith, 

786.  Sarai  The  daughter  of  mr  John 

Hooker, 

787.  John  y«  son  of  mr  Jn°  Wads- 

worth  , 

788.  Susannah  y"  daughter  of  James 

Hannison,  when  he   owned 
his  covenant, 

789.  William  y"  son  of  Daniel  Bid- 

well, 

790.  Nathaniel  j"  son  of  Joseph  Bull 

Juni', 

791.  Elizabeth  y*  daughter  of  Jn"  Marsh  junior, 

792.  Mary  y'   daughter   of   Thomas  \ 

Seamer    w°    he     publiquely  >- 
owned  his  covenant,  ) 

793.  Rebecca   the    daughter    of    mr 

Samuel  Welds, 

794.  Ann    y«    daughter   of  Lamrock 

Flowers, 

795.  Stephen  y"  son  of  mr  Thomas  Hosmer, 

796.  Sarai  the  daughter  of  Jn"  Warren, 

797.  Joseph  y*  son  of  Sam"  Kellogue, 

798.  Abigal  y®  daughter  of  Jn»  Church, 

799.  Rebecca  y"  daughter  of  Thomas 

Bird, 
Soo.     Thomas  (y®  son  of  Samuel)  Bran- 
son, both  of  Farmington, 

801.  Ruth  y«  daughter  of  Woolterton 

Merrils    w°     he     renewned 
covenant, 

802.  Jonathan  y«  son  of  Jn°  North  of 

farmington , 

803.  Elizabeth  daughter  of      Porter, 

804.  Ruth  daughter  of  John  Lee, 

805.  Mary     daughter     of     Ephraim 

Smith,  (all  of   Farmington), 


August  15, 
August  22, 

Sept.  5, 
19  Sept., 


1703. 
1703. 

1703. 
1703- 


Octob"'  29,  1703. 


Octob'  31,  1703. 


Nov.  21, 
Decern.  5, 


1703- 
1703- 


Decemb.  19,  1703. 


Jan.  9, 

March  26, 

April  16, 

April  23, 


1703. 
1704. 
1704. 
1704. 


June  25,  1704. 


July  10,  1704. 


August  6,  1704. 


Appendix   III 


315 


S06.     Ruth  yo  daughter  of  John  Bidall  w"  he 
owned  y"  covenant, 

807.  Edward  y  son  of  W""  Warren, 

808.  Lois  y"  daughter  of  Tho.   Dick- 

enson , 

809.  Sarai  y"  daughter  of  Joseph  Gillet, 

810.  Sarai  the  daughter  of  mr  Nathaniel 

Hooker, 

811.  Ann  the  daughter  of  John  Mer-  '\ 

ril  junior, 
Si 2.     EHzabeth  ^  daughters    of    John   V 
&  [-    Woodruff  of  Farm- 

813.  Mary  '    ington,  J 

814.  Nathaniel  son  to  John  Seymour  ^ 

Juni',  ^ 

815.  Abel  son  To  Matthew  Cadwell,   ) 

816.  Mary  y*    daughter    of    Robert 

Webster, 

817.  Nathaniel    y«    son    of     Samuel 

Spencer, 

818.  Abel  the  son  of  Joseph  Collier, 

819.  Elisha  the  son  of  Paul  Peck, 

820.  Samuel  son  of  John  Moody, 

821.  Samuel  son  of  William  Roberts,   \ 

822.  Abigail   daughter  of  Nathaniel  )■ 

Smith,  ) 

823.  Abigial  daughter  of  Abraham  Merrils, 

824.  Richard  son  of  mr  Richard  Lord, 

825.  John   y*  son  of  Elizabeth  Church,    she 

haveing  a  little  before  made  publique 
confession  of  her  miscarriage  & 
openly  owned  y  covenant, 

826.  May  13,  1705.     Matthew  son  of         Cole, 

Farmington, 

827.  Joseph  son  of  mr  John  Hooker,  Farm:, 

828.  Daniel  son  of  mr  John  Wadsworth,  Far., 

829.  Ezekiel  son    of    mr  W"  Wads-  ■) 

worth  of  Farmington, 

830.  Jonathan  son  of  Dan"  Merrells,    > 

831.  William  son  of  Serj'  John  Marsh 

junior, 

832.  Thomas  son  to  Thomas  Seymour, 

833.  Lydia  daughter  to  Sam"  Benton, 

834.  Elisha  son  to  Simon  Smith, 

835.  Abigail     daughter     to     Joseph 

Gillet, 
S36.     Elisha  son  to  mr  Sam"  Howard, 


Aug.  13,  1704. 

Sept.  17,  1704. 

October  8,  1704. 

Novem.  12,  1704. 

Nov:  19,  1704. 
Decemb''  3,  1704. 

Decemb'  10,  1704. 

Dec.  24,  1704. 

Jan.  21,  1704. 
Feb.  25,  1704/5. 

March  4,  1704/5. 

May  13,  1705. 
June  17,  1705. 
June  17,  1705. 

July  I,  1705. 


July  29,  1705. 
Aug.  26,  1705. 


Sept.  30,  1705. 


3i6 


History  of  the  Church 


537.  Jonathan  son  of  Jonathan  Web-  \ 

ster  juni'  who  att  this  time  [■ 
publiquely  renewed  covenant,  ) 

538.  Matthew,   I    Children  of  Matthew  Woodruff 

839.  Sylvanus,  V         ^  ^        ■      . 

^■'     .  (        of  Farmmgtown, 

840.  Sarai ,         ; 

841.  Medad   son  to   Samuel  Benton,  junior, 

att  what  time  he  owned  his  coven', 

842.  John  son  to  Jn°  Bull  deceased, 

843.  Thomas,  son  of  Thomas  Hill  att  what 

time  he  owned  y  covenant, 

844.  Joseph  son  of  mr.  Tho:  Hosmer,  1 

845.  Nathaniel    son    to    Lieft"'  Nat. 

Marsh  w°  he  owned  y«  cove- 
nant, j 

846.  Sarai  daughter  to  John  Turner, 

847.  Samuel,  son  to  Sam'^  Hubbard  juni' 

848.  Daniel,  son  to  John  Whaples, 

849.  Thomas  son  to  Sam"  Catlin, 
S50.     Lois  daughter  to  Thomas  Cad 

well, 

851.  Anna  daughter  to  Mr.  Ichabod  Wells, 

852.  John,  son  of  James  Hannison, 

853.  Ann  daughter  of  Thomas  Buck- 

ingham, 

S54.  Susanna  daughter  of  Jn°  Sey- 
mour, Junior, 

855.  Miriam  daughter  of  mr.  Joseph 
Bull  juni', 

S56.  Josiah  son  to  Jn°  North  of  Farm- 
ington, 

857.  Lydia  daughter  to  Daniel  Bid- 

well, 

858.  Timothy  son  to  Matthew  Woodruff  Far: 

859.  Ebenezer  son  to         Orvice  of  Farmington, 

860.  Sarai  daughter  to  Thomas  Dickenson, 

861.  Elisha,  son  to  Stephen  Andrews  w°  he 

owned  y*  covenant, 

862.  Mehetabel  daughter  to  W™.  Worthington, 

863.  Caleb,  son  to  Timothy  Porter  of  Farmington 

864.  Joseph  son  to  Lamrock  Flowers,   } 

865.  John  son  of  Barnabus  Hinsdale,  ) 

866.  Anna    daughter    to    Mr.    Sam"  1 

Thornton,  1 

867.  Benjamin  son  to  Ephraim  Smith, 

868.  Jonathan  son  to  John  Brownson, 


Octob'  7,  1705. 


Octob''  21,  1705. 


Nov:  4 
Nov.  II 

Nov.  25 
Dec.  2 

Dec.  9 

Dec.  16 

Jan.  6 


.  1705- 
,  1705- 

.  1705- 
.  1705- 

.  1705. 

,  1705. 

1705- 


Feb.  24,  1705/6. 


March  17, 
March  24, 


[705/6. 
[705/6. 


r 


J 


April  14,  1706. 


May  26,  1706. 


June  2, 
June  16, 
June  23, 


1706. 
1706. 
1706. 


July  14 
July  21 
Aug.  II 

Aug.  18,  1706 


1706. 
1706. 
1706. 


Sept.  I,  1706. 


Appendix  III 


317 


870. 
871. 
872. 
873. 

874. 

S75. 
876. 

877. 
878. 

879- 
880. 

881. 


883. 
884. 

885. 


887. 


892. 
893- 

894- 
895- 


897. 


899. 
900. 


Mercy,  daughter  to  Nath"  Smith,  \ 
Ebenezer  son  to  John  Moody,        |- 
Obadiah  son  to  Obadiah  Wood,  ) 
Jesse  son  to  Jonathan  Biglow,  jun', 
David  son  to  John   Biglow  w"  ^ 

he  owned  y«  covenant,  I 

Abigail     daughter     to     Samuel  [ 

Cole,  -J 

Moses  son  to  William  Webster,  ) 
Mary  daughter  of  John  Church,  ) 
Joseph,  son  of  Joseph  Bird,  \ 

Matthew  son  of  Daniel  Judd,         f 
John  son  of  Jn"  Warren, 
Joseph  son  of  Richard  Smith,  who  this 

day  renewed  his  coven', 
Elizabeth  daughter  of  Daniel  Bidal,  jun' 

w"  he  Renewed  or  owned  his  coven*, 
Jacob,  son  to  Joseph  Mygat  w"  he 

owned  y"  coven', 
John,  son  to  Jn"  Bidwell, 
Jonathan,  son   to  John   Andros 

juni', 
Elizabeth,  daughter  also  of  Jn° 

Andros  when  he  owned  the 

covenant, 
John  son  of  John  Buttler, 
Daniel  son  to  Sam"  Kelogue, 
Susanna  daughter  to  Widow  Hills, 
Caleb,  son  of  Jn°  Turner, 
Noah  son  to  Isaac  Merrels  w°  he 

owned  y«  covenant, 
Ruth  daughter  of  mr.  Sam"  Howard, 
Caleb  son  of  John  Merrels, 
Samuel    son    of     L.    Nathaniel 

Marsh, 

Elizabeth  daughter  of  Mr.  Richard  Lord, 
Nathaniel  son  to  Mr.  Nath"  Stanley  juni"' 

who  this  day  did  personally  own  the 

covenant  in  publique, 
Sarai  daughter  to  Mr.  Thomas  ' 

Hosmer, 
Jonathan  son  to  Sam"    Benton 

juni\ 
Silence  daughter  to  Mr.  Moodey, 
Joseph  son  to  Robert  Webster, 
Ruth  daughter  to  Thomas  Sey-  | 

mour. 


Sept.  8,  1706. 
Sept.  15,  1706. 

Sept.  22,  1706. 

Sept.  29,  1706. 

Octob.  20,  1706. 
Nov.  10,  1706. 

Nov.  17,  1706. 

Dec.  I,  1706. 

Dec.  22,  706. 

Feb.  16,  1701. 

March  gth,  i7of. 
April  13,  707. 
Apr:  27,  707. 
May  4th,  707. 

May  II,  707. 
July  13,  707- 

July  20,  707. 

July  3d,  707. 

Aug:  17,  707. 
Sept.  7,  707. 

Octob'  26,  707. 
Nov.  16,  707. 


3i8 


History  of  the  Church 


901.  George    son    to    Mr.    Hezekiah  \ 

Willis,  V  Nov.  30,  707. 

902.  Jonathan  son  of  John  Brace,  ) 

903.  Ruth,  daughter  to  Daniel  Merrels,  Jan.  11,  1707. 

904.  Margaret  daughter  to  Jn"  Seymour  juni^  Feb.  i,  707/y. 

905.  John  son  of  Nathaniel  Cole  Juni''  "] 

at  what  time  he  owned  y* 

covenant,  V  Feb.  22,  707/8. 

906.  Abigail  daughter  to  Jn°  Andros 

Junis 

907.  George  son  of  Serj*  Jn"  Marsh 

juni'', 

908.  Moses  son  of  Thomas  Ensigne,      j^  Feb.  29,  707/8. 

909.  Esther    daughter    to    Jonathan 

Webster  jun', 

910.  Timothy  son  of  Sam"  Hubbard,  junior,  March  14,  707/8. 

911.  Joseph  son  of  John  Church,  )  March  21,  1707/8 

912.  Caleb  son  of  John  Turner,  ) 

913.  Thomas  son  of  Thomas  Dickenson,  April  4th,  708. 

914.  Ann  daughter  of  John  White,  April  nth,  708. 

915.  Mary  daughter  to  Joseph  Mygat,  May  10,  1708. 

916.  Daniel  son  of  Barnabus  Hinsdale,  May  17,  170S. 


^  o      T           \  twin  sons  of  W"".  Webster,  Sept.  5,  1708. 

918.  James  [  tr     ^^    1 

919.  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Thomas  Butler,  Sept.  12,  708. 

920.  Stebins,  son  to  John  Wilson  w°  he  owned 

y  covenant,  Sept.  19,  1708. 

921.  Abigail  daughter  to  mr.  Samuel  Thornton,     Octob''  3d,  1708. 

922.  Gideon  son  of  Nathaniel  Smith,  October  10,  1708. 

923.  Miriam  daughter  of  Jn°  Burr,  October  31,  1708. 

924.  Zebulon  son  of  Joseph  Bull  junior,  January  16,  170S. 

925.  Sarai  daughter  to  mr  Nathaniel  Stanley 

jun',  January  23,  1708. 

926.  Timothy  son  to  Isaac  Merrils,  March  27,  1709. 

927.  Patience  daughter  to  John  Moody,  April  10,  1709. 

928.  Zebulon  son  of  John  Seamour  jun%  May  29,  1709. 

929.  Margaret  daughter  to  Abraham 

Merils, 

T  1.             i     T  1-     tTT  i.        ■      -r   r  June  12,  1709. 

930.  John  son  to  John  Watson  jum"^   j  -" 

w°  he  owned  y"  covenant, 

931.  Joseph  son  of  Nathaniel  Smith,  Nov.  13,  1709. 

932.  Lydia  daughter  of  Jn"  Merrils  jun^  Nov.  20,  1709. 

933.  Isaac   son  to   Serj'   Jn"   Marsh,   \ 

jun^                                               [-  Nov:  27,  1709. 

934.  Reuben  son  to  Jn"  Whaples,  ) 


Appendix  III 


319 


935.  Dositbeus  son  to  Nathaniel  Humphrey, 

936.  Epaphras  son  to  mr  Richard  Lord. 

937.  Abigail  daughter  to  Robert  Webster, 

938.  Abijah  son  of  Joseph  Bunce  w" 

he  owned  the  covenant, 

939.  Joseph  son  to  Joseph  Mygatt, 

940.  Mary  daughter  to  John  Wilson, 

941.  Elizabeth  daughter  to  Nathaniel 

Cole, 

942.  Timothy  son  to  Samuel  Benton, 

juni", 

943.  John  son  to  Samuel  Shepherd 

\v°  he  covenanted , 

944.  Eldad  son  to  Disborough  Spen- 

cer, 

945.  Jonathan  son  of  Jonathan  Ashly, 

946.  Daniel  son  of  Jn"  Church, 

947.  EHjah  son  to  Serj*  William  Worthington, 
94S.     Jerusha  daughter  to  Thomas  Steel  w°  he 

covenanted, 

949.  Sarai  daughter  to  Jn«  Turner, 

950.  Moses  son  of  Thomas  Dickenson,  ) 

951.  Amos  son  of  Barnabas  Hinsdale,  ) 


Dec.  4,  1709. 

January  1,  1709. 

Jan.  22,  1709. 

Feb.  19,  1709. 

Feb.  26,  1709. 

March  19,  1709/10. 

Apr.  30,  1 7 10. 

June  18,  1710. 
June  25,  1710. 

July  2,  1 7 10. 
August  20,  1 7 10. 

Aug:  27,  1710. 


952.  William  son  of  mr  William  Perry  recomended 

by  the  Rev"*  mr  C.  Mather, 

953.  Hannah  daughter  of  Zachariah 

Seymour,  at  w'  time  he  pub- 
liquely  owned  y«  covenant, 

954.  John  son  to  Jarret  Spencer, 

955.  Phebe  daughter  to  Henry  Brace, 

956.  Joseph  son  to  mr  Nathaniel  Stanley  juni^ 

957.  Dorothy    daughter    to    Joseph 

Gillet, 

958.  Lydia  daughter  of  John  Wilson, 

959.  Jehiel  son  to  Joseph  Benton, 

960.  Moses    son    of    John    Seymour 

juni', 

961.  Lucy  daughter  to  Jacob  Merrils 

w°  he  owned  y  covenant, 

962.  Samuel  son  to  Maj'  Jo:  Talcott,  ■\ 

963.  Jerusha      daughter     to      Sam"  |- 

Thornton ,  ) 

964.  Aaron  son  to  John  Merrils"funior, 

965.  Thomas  son  to  Thomas  Bidwell, 

966.  Mary  daughter  to  John  Whaples, 


Dec.  17,  1710. 
Dec.  29,  1710. 

Dec.  31,  1710. 
January  7,  1710. 

January  21,  17 10. 

January  28,  1710. 

Feb.  iS,  1710. 

March  25,  17^?. 

May  6,  1711. 

May  20,  171 1. 

July  8,  1711. 


320 


History  of  the  Church 


[At  this  point  two  leaves  are  cut  from  the  original  record,  but  the 
margins  remaining  show  no  traces  of  writing  upon  them.] 


967.  William      son     To      lieutenant 

Nicols, 

968.  Jane  daughter  to  Thomas  Shep- 

hard, 

969.  Rachel    daughter    to    Thomas 

Andrus, 

970.  Hester  daughter  to  Samuel  Church, 

971.  Asahel  son  To  John  Andrus, 

972.  Susannah  daughter  to  Joseph  Mygatt, 

973.  Agnes  daughter  to  widow  Humphrey, 

974.  Isaac  son  to  Isaac  Menils, 

975.  Esther      daughter     to     widow 

Smith, 

976.  Samuel  son  to  Tho.  Steel, 

977.  Ichabod,  Posthumus  son  to  mr  R.  Lord, 

978.  Thankful  daughter  to  Abel  Merrels  when 

he  owned  his  baptismal  covenant, 

979.  Hephzibah  daughter  to  Daniel  Merrels, 

980.  Abraham  son  to  Thomas  Wat-  ] 

ers, 

981.  Sybil  daughter  to  Joseph  Shep-   [ 

hard,  1 

982.  Ann  daughter  to  John  Church, 

983.  Eunice  daughter  to  Samuel  Benton  jun^ 

984.  Susannah  daughter  To  Thomas  Dickenson, 

985.  Sarai  daughter  to  William  Webster, 

986.  Jedediah  daughter  to  Jonathan  Taylor, 

987.  Nathaniel     son     to     Nathaniel 

Goodwin, 
9S8.     Violet  daughter  to  Stephen  Tay- 
lour, 

989.  Nathaniel  son  to  John  Moody, 

990.  Mary  daughter  to  mr  Mighill, 

991.  Zachariah  son  to  Zachariah  Sey- 

mour, 

992.  Hannah     daughter     to     Joseph 

Camp, 

993.  Lois   daughter   to  Jabez    Whit- 

tlesey, 

994.  William  son  to  mr  William  Perry, 

995.  John  son  to  Ensign  Jn»  Marsh, 

996.  Martha   daughter   to  Jonathan 

Bidwell    w°   he    owned    his 
covenant, 

997.  Jacob  son  to  Jacob  Merrels, 


Octob'  21,  1711. 


Nov.  4,  1711. 

Dec.  9,  1711. 
Dec.  23,  1711. 
Feb.  17,  17^. 

March  10,  1712. 

March  16,  1712. 
March  29,  17x3-. 

March  30,  1712. 
Apr.  20,  1712. 


May  18,  1712. 

May  25,  1 712. 
June  22,  1712. 
July  13,  1712. 
Aug.  10,  1712. 
Sept.  7,  1712. 

Sept.  14,  1712. 
Sept.  21,  1712. 


Sept.  28,  1712. 

Octob'  5,  1712. 
Nov.  2,  1712. 


Appendix  III 


321 


998. 

999. 
1000. 
1001. 

1002. 
1003. 

1004. 
1005. 
1006. 
1007. 
1008. 

1009. 

lOIO. 

lOII. 

IOI2. 
1013. 
1014. 
IOI5. 
IOI6. 
1017. 
IOI8. 
1019. 
1020. 
I02I. 
1022. 
1023. 
1024. 
1025. 
1026. 

1027. 

1028. 
1029. 


1030. 
1031. 


1032. 
1033. 


Sarai  daughter  to  Sam"  Kelogue  juni^ 
James  son  of  John  Watson  Juni^ 
Bevil  son  to  serj^  Thomas  Seymour, 
Hannah    daughter    to    Lieut.    Nath: 

Marsh, 
Daniel  son  to  Jonathan  Butler, 
John  son  to  Serj»  Thomas  Hos-  ^ 

mer,  |- 

Ichabod  son  to  Samuel  Cole,         ) 
Richard  son  to  Jn"^  Seymour  y«  Second, 
Augustus  son  to  mr  Nathaniel  Stanley, 
Stephen  son  to  John  Turner, 
Lydia  daughter  to  Nathaniel  Cole,  born  a 

little  before  his  death, 
Abigail    daughter   to   mr   Tho. 

Bid  well, 
Sarai      daughter      to      Samuel 

Church, 
Jerusha  daughter  to   Gersham 

Sexton,  |- 

Cyprian  son  To  John  Merrels,       ) 
Matthew  son  to  major  Talcott, 
Mary,  daughter  To  John  Camp, 
Mary  daughter  To  Joseph  Wadsworth, 
Deliverance  daughter  To  Tho.  Graves, 
Mary  daughter  to  Abel  Merrels, 
Elisha  son  To  John  Webster, 
Jerusha  daughter  to  Abraham  Merrels, 
William,  son  To  Thomas  Steel, 
Sarai  daughter  to  mr  Joseph  Mygat, 
Hannah  daughter  to  Wolterton  Merrels, 
William  son  to  Joseph  Bunce, 
Nehemiah  Son  of  Daniel  Messenger, 
Daniel  son  To  Deacon  Daniel  Merrels, 


Nov. 

Dec. 

Jan.  II, 

January  18, 
March  8«'', 


23,  1712. 
21,  1712. 
1712/13- 

1712/13. 
1712/13. 


March  15,  1712/13. 


March  22, 
Apr. 
May 


1712/13. 

5,  1713- 
10,  1713. 


Aug.  16,  1713. 


Aug.  23,  1713. 


1 


J 


Sarai  daughter  to  Ensign  Tho. 

Seymour, 
Sarah  Daughter  to  John  Easton 

juni^ 
Eliakim  son  to  Isaac  Merrels, 
Elizabeth  daughter  to  Jn°  Cole 

at  what  time  he  owned  his 

covenant,  ) 

Timothy   son    to  Ensign     John  1 

Marsh,  1 

Kezia  daughter  to  Joseph   Ben-   { 

ton,  j 

Rebecca  daughter  to  Zachariah  Seymour 
John  son  to  mr  John  Austin, 
21 


Octob'- 

II. 

1713 

Octob-- 

iS 

1713 

Nov 

■  I. 

1713 

Nov 

8, 

1713 

Nov. 

15, 

1713- 

Nov. 

22 

1713- 

December 

'3. 

1713- 

January  10, 

17 

[3/14. 

Feb.  7, 

17 

13/14- 

Apr 

4. 

1714- 

Apr. 

II, 

1714. 

April 

25^ 

1714- 

May 

31. 

1714. 

Aug 

8, 

1714- 

Sept. 

12, 

1714- 

Sept.  19,  1714. 


Octot- 
Octob 


'  3.  1714- 
17,  1714. 


322 


History  of  the  Church 


1034. 

1035- 

1036. 

1037- 
1038. 
1039. 

1040. 
1041. 
1042. 
1043. 

1044. 
1045. 


1046. 
1047. 
1048. 

1049. 
1050. 

105 1. 
1052. 
1053- 
I054- 
1055- 

1056. 

I057- 
1058. 
1059. 
1060. 

1061. 


1062. 
1063. 

1064. 

1065. 
1066. 


1 


Octob' 
Nov. 


Nov. 


1714. 
1714. 

1715- 
1715- 
1715- 
1715- 
1715. 

1715- 
1715- 


Samuel  son  to  Serj'  Wm  Web 

ster, 
Dorothy    daughter    to    Samuel  ,'"  ^^^-  ^^'  ^^U- 

Cole,  .  j 

Elizabeth  daughter  to  Samuel  Church,         January  g"", 
Jonathan  son  to  mr  Thomas  Bidwell,  January  16, 

Hannah  daughter  to  Tho.  Dickenson,  Feb.  20, 

Jonathan     son     To     Jonathan  \ 

Marsh,  l  May  i, 

Thomas  son  to  Nathan  "Whaples,  ) 

Jacob  son  to  John  Bunce  Juni%  May  22, 

Ann  daughter  to  John  Turner,    ^ 
Mary  daughter  to  Samuel  Ben-  \  May  29, 

ton  Juni"",  ) 

Anna  Daughter  to  mr  Nath.  Stanley  baptized,  June  26, 
Sarai  daughter  to  Joseph  Big-  \ 

low  at  what  time  he  owned  >•  Sept.  1 1 , 

his  covenant,  ) 

Jared  son  to  Ensigne  Tho.  Seymour, 
Lois  daughter  to  John  Whaples  baptized, 
Mary  daughter  to  Joseph  Ash 

ley, 
Samuel  son  to  Joseph  Simonds,    \  Nov.  20,  1715. 

Abigail  daughter  to  Jonathan 

Ashley, 
Hannah  daughter  to  Hezekiah  Goodwin,  Dec.  28, 

Bathsheba  daughter  to  Jonathan  Barret,  Jan.  8, 

Stephen  son  to  Stephen  Taylor,  January  15, 

Joseph  son  of  mr  John  Whiting,  \ 
Sarai     daughter     of     Jonathan  [-  January  22,  171 5. 

Steel,  ) 

Israel  son  to  Deacon  Daniel  Merrells,  April  15, 

Amy  daughter  to  John  White  Juni',  May  6, 

Jerusha  daughter  to  Jn"  Cole,  June  17, 

Samuel  Son  of  Joseph  Root,  July  i, 

Mary,  daughter  to  mr  Jn»  and  mrs  Mary 

Austine,  July  15, 

Thomas,    son    To    Serg'    Tho.  \ 

Warren,  at  w'  time  he  owned  [-  July  22, 

his  covenant,  } 

James  son  to  James  Bidwell,  July  29, 

Andrew  son  to  Daniel  Messen-  "] 

ger,  I 

Elizabeth    daughter    to    James   V  Sept.  2,  1716. 

Ensign, 
Moses,  son  to  Jonathan  Butler,    J 
Sarai  daughter  to  Jonathan  Welds,  Sept.  9,  1716. 


1715. 
1715- 
1715- 


1716. 
1716. 
1716. 
1716. 

1716. 

1716. 

1716. 


Appendix   111 


323 


1067. 
1068. 
1069. 
1070. 
1071. 
1072. 

I073- 
1074. 

I075- 
1076. 
1077. 
1078. 
1079. 
1080. 
1081. 
1082, 
1083. 
1084. 
1085. 
1086. 
1087. 

1088. 

1089. 

1090. 
1091. 


1092. 
1093. 
1094. 
1095. 
1096. 
1097. 
1098. 
1099. 
1100. 

IIOI. 

1 102. 

1 103. 

1 104. 
1105. 
1 106. 


Samuel  son  to  Samuel  Church, 

Adonijah  son  to  Widow  Prudence  Bidwell, 

Anne  daughter  to  Jn"  Bunce  Juni^ 

Joseph  son  to  Isaac  Merrels, 

Hannah  daughter  to  John  Hubbard, 

Dorothy  daughter  to  Jonathan  Barret, 

Anne  daughter  to  Joseph  Bunce, 

John  son  To  John  Easton, 

Jerusha  daughter  to  Jonathan  Biglow, 

Susanna  daughter  to  Ensign  Nath.  Stanley 

Oliver  son  to  Thomas  Clapp, 

Thankfull  daughter  to  Joseph  Root, 

Samuel  son  of  Samuel  Benton  jun^ 

Joseph  son  to  Joseph  Biglow, 

Jemima  Daughter  to  Tho.  Dickenson, 

Hannah  daughter  to  Joseph  Ashley, 

Joseph  son  of  Zechariah  Seymour, 

Lydia  daughter  to  Isaac  Hmsdale, 

Dorothy  daughter  to  Jonathan  Steel, 
Joseph  son  To  Jonathan  Marsh,  \ 
Mary  daughter  to  Deacon  Dan"  (. 
Merrills,  ) 

Stephen    son   To  John   Turner  ^ 
one  of  his  Twins,  I 

Joseph   son    to    James   Ensign   f 
Juni%  j 

Sybill  daughter  to  Jn"  Turner,  Baptized, 
Mary   daughter    to   L.    Charles  ] 
Whiting,  and  what  Time  he   [ 
confess''  his  faults  &  owned  \ 
his  covenant,  J 

Lemuel  son  of  L.  Nath"  Marsh, 
Isaac  son  to  Stephen  Webster, 
John  son  to  John  Bunce  Juni^ 
Joseph  son  To  Serj'  Tho.  Warren, 
Abigail  daughter  to  mr  John  Whiting, 
Ruth  daughter  to  Jonathan  Welds, 
Abigail  daughter  to  Nathan  Whaples, 
Lydia  daughter  to  Jn"  Cole, 
Samuel  son  of  Isaac  Kellogue, 
Elizabeth  daughter  to  mr  Isaac  Shelden, 
Abigail  daughter  of  Joseph  Holtum, 
Rebecca  daughter  to  Robert  Webster.  Jun^  25.  11.  1718. 

Eben  posthumus  son  to  Samuel  Church,         Feb.  i,  1718/19. 
Abigail  daughter  to  John  Hubbard,     Eodem  die. 
Alice  daughter  to  Ensign  Tho.  Seymour,        Feb.  15,  171 8/9. 


Sept.  16,  1 716 

Oct.  28,  1716 

Nov.  25,  1716 

Dec.  2,  1716 

Dec.  30,  1716 

Feb.  17,  1 716/7 

March  31,  1717 

April  21,  1717 

June  23,  1717 

June  30,  1717 

July  19,  1717 

July  21,  1717 

Aug.  II,  1717 

Aug.  18,  1717 

Sept.  22,  1 71 7 

Octob^  13,  1 71 7 

Nov.  17,  1717 

Dec.  S"",  1717 

Dec.  29,  1717 

Janu:  19,  1717, 


Feb.  2,  i7i|. 

Feb.  23,  1717/18. 

March  2'',  171 7. 

March  9,  171 7/1 S. 

June  15,  171S. 

June  22,  1718. 
July  20,  1718. 

July  27,  1718. 

Aug.  10,  1718. 

Aug.  17,  1 71 8. 
Nov.  9,  1718. 

Nov.  16,  1718. 

Nov.  23,  1718. 
January  iS,  1718. 


324 


History  of  the  Church 


[107.  John   son   to   Eb:  Steel   \v°    Reowned   y« 

covenant,  Feb.  22,  171 8/9. 

[108.  Abigail  daughter  to  Daniel  Miles  when  he 

owned  y"  Covenant,  March  i,  1718/9. 

[109.  Jerusha  daughter  to  Jn"  White  Junior,  March  15,  1718/9. 

[1 10.  Lydia  daughter  to  John  Seymour  Junior,  May  17,  1719. 

[III.  Isaac  son  to  Isaac  Hinsdale,  \ 

[112.  Abigail  daughter  to  Joseph  Big-  >-  June  14,  1719. 

low,  * 

[1 13.  Amy  daughter  to  Joseph  Bunce,   ) 

[I14.  James  son  to  James  Bunce,             '  June  21,  1719. 

[115.  Hannah  daughter  to  Joseph  Root,  July  19,  1719. 

[116.  Abigail  daughter  to  mr  Nathaniel  Stanley,         July  26,  1719. 

[1 17.  Sarai  daughter  to  Samuel  Benton  Juni',  Aug.  16,  1719. 

riiS.  Andrew  son  to  Joseph  Benton,  Aug.  23,  1719. 

fiig.  Elijah  y«  son  of  Tho.  Clapp,  Aug.  30,  1719. 

1120.  Joseph  son  of  Jonathan  Barret,  Sept.  13,  1719. 

[121.  Rebecca  daughter  to  Jn»  Bunce,  Octob'  5,  1719. 

[122.  Stephen  son  to  Zechariah  Seymour,  Dec.  27,  1719. 

[123.  Samuel  son  of  James  Insign,         \ 

[124.  Hannah     daughter    to    Joseph  \  January  10,  1719. 

Moses,  ) 

[125.  Elizabeth  daughter  to  Jacob  Webster,  January  31,  1719. 

[126.  Matthew  son  of  Ebenezer  Webster,  Feb.  7,  1719/20. 

[127.  Jonathan  son  of  Stephen  Taylor,  March  20,  1719/20. 

[128.  Jonathan  son  To  Jonathan  Wells,  March  20,  1719. 

[129.  Hezekiah  son  of  L.  John  Marsh,   \ 

[130.  James  son  of  Jonathan  Steel,        S  ^^^  ^'  ^'^°- 

[131.  Hannah  daughter  to  Caleb  Benton,  July  3i>  720. 

[1 32.  Timothy  son  to  Thomas  Wells,    ^ 

[133.  George  son  to  Edmund  Dow,        >-  Aug.  7,  1720. 

[134.  Abigail  daughter  to  Jn<»Seymer,  ) 

[135.  Joseph  son  to  Isaac  Hinsdale,  Aug.  14,  720. 

[136.  Hezekiah  son  to  Deacon  Daniel  Merrels,  Sept.  11,  720. 

[137.  Jerusha  son  to  mr  Jn"  Whiting,  Sept.  18,  720. 

[13S.  Samuel  son  to  widow  Reinolds,  Sept.  25,  1720. 

[139.  Phinehas  son  to  mr  Peter  Pratt,  Oct.  23,  1720. 

[140.  Dorothy  daughter  to  John  Cole,  Oct.  30,  1720. 

[141.  Martha  daughter  to  Joseph  Benton,  Nov.  13,  1720. 

[142.  John  son  of  John  Wheeler,  \ 

1 143.  Mary  daughter  of  Stephen  Web-  [-  Dec.  11,  720. 

ster,  ) 

:i44.  Sarai  daughter  to  Robert  Reeve,  Dec.  iS,  1720. 

;i45.  Mary  daughter  of  Ebenezer  Steel,  Jan.  i,  1720. 

[146.  Elisha  son  to  James  Bunce, 

[147.  Martha  &)  Joseph  Bunces             \  Feb.  5,  1720/21. 

[148,  Mary,         I      Twins, 


Appendix   III 


325 


1 149.  Elizabeth  daughter  to  Jonathan 

Marsh, 

1 1 50.  Mary  daughter  to  Daniel  Miles, 

1 151.  Johnson  to  John  Hubbard,  ~1 

1 152.  Ebenezer  son  to  Ebenezer  Ben-   1 

ton.     w"    he    made    publick   1 
confession  of  his  sin,  j 

1 1 53.  May  14,  1 72 1.     Sarai  daughter  to  mr.  Isaac 

Sheldon, 

1 1 54.  Stephen    son    of    mr.    Stephen 

Steel  at  what  time  he  made 
some  acknowledgem'  of  his 
publick  offence  and  owned 
his  covenant, 

1 1 55.  Elias  son  to  Jn»  &  Sarai  Eason 

w"  she  owned  y«  covenant, 

1 156.  Mary  daughter  to  mr.  Nath"  Stanley, 

1 1 57.  Mary  daughter  of  Joseph  Biglow, 

1 1 58.  Josiah  son  to  Lieut.  Tho.  Seymour, 

1159.  Alice  daughter  to  mr.    Samuel  ) 

Howard,   w°    he   owned    y«  > 
covenant,  ) 

1 160.  Hannah  daughter  to  Ebenezer  1 

Webster,  I 

1161.  Jerusha  daughter  to  Jn"  Bunce  j 

juni^  J 

1 162.  Samuel  son  of  Joseph  Holtum, 

1163.  An  indian  lad  commonly  called  Yuk  Be- 

1164.  longing  to  Irene  Prents  w°  he  owned 
y«  covenant, 

1 165.  Anne  daughter  to  Jonathan  Biglow, 

1166.  Caleb  son  to  Caleb  Benton, 

1 167.  Mary  daughter  of  Jn°  White  Juni", 

1 168.  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Jn"  Turner, 

1 169.  Elisha  son  of  Jn"  Seymour  juni'', 

1 1 70.  Anne  daughter  to  Zechariah  Seymour, 

1 1 71.  Ichabod  son  to  Jonathan  Welds, 

1 1 72.  Daniel  son  to  mr.  Peter  Pratt,      ^ 

1 1 73.  John     son     to     Lieu'     Charles  [■ 

Whiting,  ) 

1 1 74.  Sibil  daughter  to  L.  Charles  Whiting, 

1 1 75.  Hannah  daughter  to  mr.  Jonathan  Steel, 

1 1 76.  Ruth  daughter  to  Stephen  Bracey, 

1 1 77.  James  son  to  James  Ensign  Juni', 

1178.  Mary  daughter  to  John  Cole, 


Feb.   12,  1720/21. 


Apr.   30,  721. 


May  14,  1 721. 


June  4,  1 72 1. 


June  25, 

July  2, 

July  23, 


1721. 
1721. 
1721. 


Aug.  6,  1 72 1. 


Sept.  17,  1 72 1. 


October 

15. 

1 72 1 

Dec. 

29. 

1721 

January 

7, 

1 72 1 

Feb 

4. 

1 72 1 

Feb.  25, 

17- 

J 1/22 

March  11, 

17; 

21/22 

March  25, 

17^ 

1/22 

April 

15. 

1722 

Ma> 

6, 

1722 

June  10,  1722. 


July  29, 

Aug:  5, 

Sept.  23, 

Sept.  30, 

Oct.  7, 


1722. 
1722. 
1722. 
1722. 
1722. 


326 


History  of  the  Church 


1 179.  Thomas  son  to  Joseph  Bunce,       \ 

1180.  Justus  son   to   Robert  Webster  > 

]mx\\  ) 

1 18 1.  Rachel  daughter  to  Deacon  Daniel  Merrels, 

1 182.  Mary  daughter  to  Samuel  Howard, 

1183.  Jonathan  son  to  Jonathan  Ensign, 

1 1 84.  Sarai  daughter  to  Thomas  Clapp, 

1185.  Anne  daughter  to  Edmond  Ben- 

ton, 

11 86.  Elizabeth    daughter    to    Robert 

King, 

1187.  Charity  daughter  to  Susanna  Messenger, 

1 188.  Joseph  son  to  mr.  John  Whiting, 

1 189.  Aaron  son  to  James  Bunce, 

1190.  Jacob  son  to  Jacob  Webster, 

1 191.  Susanna  daughter  to  Moses  Bull, 

1 192.  Joseph  son  to  Jn"  Wheeler, 

1193.  Joseph  son  to  mr.  Nathaniel  Stanley, 

1 194.  Elisha  son  to  Joseph  Biglow, 

1195.  Jerusha  daughter  to  Disborough 

Spencer, 

1 196.  Abigail     daughter     to     Samuel 

Grimes, 

■1197.  Daniel,  son  to  Daniel  Miles, 

1 198.  ThankfuU  daughter  to  Jonathan  Easton, 

1 199.  Isaac  son  to  John  Seymour  juni'',   ) 

1200.  Richard  son  to  John  Edwards,  S 

1201.  John  son  to  Ben:  Brown, 

1202.  Violet  daughter  to  Caleb  Benton, 

1203.  Temperance  daughter  to  mr.  Prat, 

1204.  Jerusha  Daughter  to  Lieu'  Tho.  ^ 

Seymour,  I 

1205.  Theodosia     Daughter     to     Jn""   [ 

Bunce  juni^  j 

1206.  Medad  son  to  Ebenezer  Webster, 

1207.  Thomas  son  to  Zebulon  Mygat, 

1208.  Isaac  son  to  mr.  Isaac  Sheldon,  } 

1209.  Joseph  son  to  Joseph  Bunce,         ) 

1 2 10.  Josiah  son  to  Eliphalet  Steel, 

121 1.  Mary  daughter  to  Jonathan  Welds, 

1212.  Joseph  son  to  Ensign  James  Church, 

1 2 13.  Elizabeth  daughter  to  Joseph  Holtum, 

1214.  Sarai  Daughter  to  Jonathan  Marsh, 

1215.  William  son  to  William  &  Elizabeth  Powel, 

1216.  Jonathan  son  to  Jonathan  Steel, 

1217.  William  son  to  mr  Nathaniel  Stanley, 


Oct.  28, 1722. 

Nov.  4,  1722. 

Nov.  II,  1722. 

Dec.  2,  1722. 


Dec.  16,  1722. 


Feb.  10, 

Feb.  17, 

Feb.  24, 

April 

April 

May 

June 

June 


1722/23. 
1722/23. 
1722/23. 

14.  1723- 
21,  1723. 
19,  1723. 
23,  1723- 
30,  1723- 


Aug.  4,  1723. 

Aug.  25,  1723. 
Oct.  6,  1723. 

Oct.  13,  1723. 

Nov.  3,  1723. 

Dec.  8,  1723. 

Dec.  22,  1723. 

Dec.  29,  1723. 

January  5"",  1723. 
January  12,  1723. 

Feb.  9,  1723/4. 

Feb.  16,  1723/4. 
April  12,  1724. 
April  26,  1724. 
June  7,  1724. 
June  28,  1724. 
July  12,  1724. 
Aug.  9"",  1724. 
Sept.  8,  1724. 


Appendix   III 


327 


J 


1218.  John  son  to  Jones 

12 19.  Elizabeth  Daughter  to  William  Powel, 

1220.  John  son  to  Ebenezer  Benton, 

1 22 1.  Sarai  Daughter  to  John  White, 

1222.  Sarai  daughter  to  John  Cole, 

1223.  Anna  daughter  to  mr  Jn°  Whit- 

ing. 

1 224.  Jonathan  son  to  Jonathan  Barret, 

1225.  Lucretia  daughter  to   Jn"  Sey- 

mour Juni^ 

1226.  Benjamin  son  to  Samuel  Graham, 

1227.  Abraham  son  to  Caleb  Benton, 

1228.  Sarai  Daughter  to  Sarai  Wheeler  Widow, 

1229.  Jerusha  daughter  to  Joseph  Bunce, 

1230.  John  son  to  Jacob  Webster, 

1231.  Charles  & )  ^ieut  Ch.  Whitings  Twins, 

1232.  Elizabeth) 

1233.  Edward  son  to  Samuel  Green, 

1234.  Susanna    daughter    to    Samuel 

Howard, 

1235.  Mary  daughter  to  Joseph  Wa- 

ters, 

1236.  Joseph  son  to  James  Bunce, 

1237.  Silvanus    son     to     John     Glad- 

win, (?) 

123S.  Abigail  Daughter  to  Jacob  Benton, 

1239.  Webster  son  to  Zebulon  Mygat, 

1240.  Esther  daughter  to  Stephen  Taylor, 

1 241.  Thomas  Son  to  Serj'  Tho.  Clapp, 

1242.  Sarai  Daughter  to  Robert  King, 

1243.  Josiah  son  To  Joseph  Biglow, 

1244.  Mary    Daughter     to    Ebenezer 

Webster, 

1245.  Timothy  son  to  Ozias  Goodwin, 

1246.  Mary  daughter  to  Jonathan  Welds, 

1247.  Mary  daughter  to  Jonathan  Seymour, 

1248.  Daniel  son  to  mr  Isaac  Sheldon, 

1249.  Abigail  daughter  to  Serj'  Jona- 

than Steel, 

1250.  Daniel  son  to  Daniel  Steel, 

1 25 1.  Susannah  daughter  to  Jonathan  Webster, 

1252.  Ruth  daughter  to  Nathaniel  Seymour, 

1253.  Hezekiah  son  to  Jacob  Webster, 

1254.  John  son  To  Joseph  Tillotson  w"  he  owned 

his  covenant, 

1255.  John  son  to  John  Seymour  Jun^ 


Sept.  12,  1724. 
Sept.  19,  1724. 
Nov.  15,  1724. 
Nov.  22,  1724. 
January  3'',  1724. 


Feb.  21,  1724. 


Feb.  28,  1724. 
Apr.  II,  1725. 
Apr.  18,  1725. 
June  13,  1725. 
June  20,  1725. 

Aug.  S,  1725. 


Aug.  22,  1725. 


Aug.  29,  1725. 

Sept.  19,  1725. 
Oct.  10,  1725. 
Oct.  24,  1725. 
Dec.  5,  1725. 
January  9,  1725. 
Feb.  6,  1725. 

March  13,  1725. 


May  I, 
May  29, 
June  12, 


1726. 
1726. 
1726. 


June  19,  1726. 


July  10, 
July  17, 
July  31- 

Sept.  26, 
Nov.  27, 


1726. 
1726. 
1726. 

726. 
1726. 


Apr.  30, 

1727. 

May  28, 

727. 

June  18, 

1727. 

June  25, 

1727. 

July  2, 

1727. 

July  16, 

1727. 

Aug.  13, 

1727. 

Aug.  20, 

1727. 

Sept.  24, 

1727. 

Nov.  26, 

1727. 

328  History  of  the  Church 

1256.  Mary  Daughter  to  Joseph  Waters,  Dec.  18,  1726. 

1257.  George  son  to  Samuel  Grimes,  Feb.  12,  1726/7. 

1258.  Mary  daughter  to  Ebenezer  Benton,  Feb.  26,  1726/7. 

1259.  John  son  to  Nathaniel  Stanley  Esquire,         March  12,  1726/7. 

1260.  Sarai  daughter  to  Abigail  Thornton  wl  en 

she  owned  her  covenant, 

1 261.  Ruth  daughter  to  Moses  Merrils, 

1262.  John  son  to  L.  John  Whiting, 

^'  ^  '  [•  Twin  children  to  John  Bunce, 

1264.  Isaac,  ) 

1265.  John  son  to  Jonathan  Marsh, 

1266.  Rachel  daughter    to    mr    John  \ 

Knowles,  F.  I 

1267.  John  son  to  John  Turner.  ; 

1268.  Susanna  seventh  daughter  to  John  Cole, 

1269.  Jeremiah  son  to  Jonathan  Bunce, 

1270.  Gamaliel  son  to  L.  Charles  Whiting, 

1271.  Gideon  son  to  Joseph  Bunce, 

1272.  Joseph  son  to  Thomas  Whaples,  January  20,  1727/8. 

1273.  Abigail  daughter  to  Ensign  J.  Church,  Feb.  3,  1727/8. 

1274.  Phinehas  and  Perez  Twin  sons  to  James 

Bunce,  Feb.  25,  1727/8. 

1275.  Joseph  son  to  mr  Jonathan  Welds,  March  24,  1727/8. 

1276.  John  son  to  Thomas  Burkit,  Apr.  7,  1728. 

1277.  Susanna  daughter  to  Ebenezer  Steel,  June  30,  1728. 

1278.  Joseph  son   to   Serj*  Zachariah  "] 

Seymour,  I 

1279.  Hannah  daughter  to  Joseph  Til-  f  J     Y   4.    7     • 

lotson,  J 

1280.  Stephen  son  to  Jonathan  Webster,  July  21,  1728. 

1281.  George  son  to  Serj'  Jonathan  Steel,  Aug.  11,  1728. 
12S2.  William  son  to  John  Seymour  jun',                       Aug.  18,  1728. 

1283.  Millesent  daughter  to  Jonathan  Seymer,  Aug.  25,  172S. 

1284.  Mary  daughter  to  Joseph  Holtum,  Sept.  15,  1728. 

1285.  Abigail  daughter  to  Sam"  Howard,  Nov.  17,  172S. 

1286.  Jacob  son  to  Jacob  Benton,  January  12,  172S. 

1287.  Mary  daughter  to  Daniel  Steel,    \ 

1288.  Laodamia  daughter    to    Moses  |-  Feb.  2,  172S/9. 

Merrels,  ) 

1289.  Sarah  &    )  ^win  children  to  Caleb  Benton,     Feb.  23,  1728-9 

1290.  Susanna,  ) 

1291.  John  son  to  mr  John  Knowles,  May  11,  1729 

1292.  Samuel  &  )  q^^ins  of  Samuel  Webster,  June  8,  1729 

1293.  \torti  out\  ) 

1294.  Joseph,  son  to Isaac  Shelden,  July  13,  1729 

1295.  Sarai  daughter  to  John  Gurney,  July  20,  1729 


Appendix   III 


329 


1296. 
1297. 

1298. 
1299. 
1300. 
1301. 

1302. 

1303. 


1304 
1305 
1306 
1307 
1308 
1309 

1310 
1311 
1312 
1313 
1314 
1315 
1316 

1317 
1318 

1319 
1320 


\ 


Phinchas  son  to  John  Cole  & 
Rt:th  daughter  to  Robert  More- 
ton,  ) 
ISIary  daughter  to  Lieu'  John  Whiting, 

Lemuel  &  |  ^^^.^^^  children  to  Jn"  Bunce, 

Lucretia.    ) 

Christian  daughter  to         Farns-  ^ 

worth,  I 

Abigail  daugter  to  Joseph  Big-   \ 

low,  J 

Sabra  daughter  to  Zebulon  Mygat. 

w°  he  made  confession  of  his  faults  in 

striking  his  neighbour  and  neglecting  to 

seek  baptism  for  it  for  over  two  years, 
Uriah  son  to  Tho.  Burkit, 
Hulda  daughter  to  Ruth  Howard, 
Thankfull  daughter  to  Ebenezer  Webster, 
Jerusha  daughter  to  Ensign  James  Church, 
Job  son  to  Jonathan  Marsh,  \ 

Huldah   daughter   to   Ebenezer  V 

Steel,  ) 

Richard  servant  to  Samuel  Waters, 
Samuel  Son  to  Thomas  Whaples, 
Martha  daughter  to  Joseph  Tillotson, 
Mary  daughter  to  Robert  King, 
Ehzabeth  daughter  to  Cyprian  Webster, 
Daniel  son  to  Daniel  Seymour, 
John  son  to  Jn"  Knowls,  ~] 

Sarah  daughter  to  James  Bunce,   ■ 
Lucretia  daughter  to  John  Sey-  1 

mour,  J 

Joseph  son    to    Serj*  Jonathan  \ 

Steel,  [- 

Samuel  son  to  Samuel  Waters,      ) 


Aug.  10,  1729. 

At:g.  31,  1729. 
Sept.  5,  1729. 


Sept.  19,  1729. 


Oct.  5,  1729. 

Nov.  7,  1729. 

Dec.  7,  1729. 

Dec.  21,  1729. 

January  11,  1729. 

March  8,  1729/30. 

March  29,  1729. 
Apr.  5,  1730. 
Apr.  20,  1730. 
Apr.  27,  1730. 
July  19,  1730. 
July  26,  1730. 

Aug.  2,  1730. 


Aug.  30,  1730. 


REV.  DR.  FLINT'S  RECORD. 
Baptisms. 


1791. 

I32I. 

May 

8.     Lucy, 

1322. 

Frederic, 

1323- 

Elizabeth 

1324. 

Frederic, 

1325- 

June 

26.    Patty, 

Daughter  of  Lemuel  Steel. 

Son  of  Levi  Robbins, 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Web- 
ster, -2^. 

Son  of  Joseph  Webster. 

Daughter  of  Stephen  Hutch- 
inson. 


33° 


History  of  the  Church 


1326. 

July 

10. 

Joseph  Henry 

1327- 

Charles, 

1328. 

Charles, 

1329. 

Fanny, 

1330. 

24. 

John, 

1331- 

Sarah, 

1332. 

Patty, 

1333- 

Z^- 

Mary, 

1334- 

Tabitha, 

1335- 

August 

13- 

Sarah, 

1336. 

October 

9- 

Epaphras, 

1337- 

16. 

Clarissa, 

1338. 

Richard, 

1339- 

Sally, 

1340. 

Polly, 

1341- 

Laura, 

1342. 

Peggy, 

1343- 

Charles, 

1344- 

1791. 

George, 

1345- 

October 

30. 

Jerusha  King, 

1346. 

Rebecca, 

1347- 

Hannah  Seymour, 

1348. 

Novemb'' 

13- 

John  Jay, 

1349- 

Edmund  Beaumon 

J350. 

1792. 

George, 

Total  1 79 1. 

1351- 

Feb'-y 

20. 

Wealthy, 

Son  of  Joseph  Bunce  Dec*. 
Son  of  Elisha  Babcock. 
Son  of  Elisha  Dodd. 
Daughter  of  William  Board- 
man. 

t  Children  of  Jonathan  Flagg. 

Daughter  of  James  Bunce. 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Web- 
ster !«'. 

Daughter  of  Dorus  Barnard. 

Daughter  of  William  An- 
druss  Jun""  baptized  at  his 
house  on  account  of  his 
sickness.  Parents  not  in 
Covenant.  Died  August 
14. 

Son  of  William  Barnard. 
1 

[children    of    Richard    Sey- 
mour. 

Daughter  of  George  Loomis. 
Daughter    of    Uriah   Shep- 

hard. 
Son  of  Charles  Shephard. 
Son  of  John  Clapp. 

Daughter  of  Epaphras  Sey- 
mour. 

Daughter  of  William  Hud- 
son. 

Daughter  of  William  An- 
druss,  Jun^ 

Son  of  Thomas  Young  Sey- 
mour.    6  weeks. 
,     Son  of  James  Olmstead. 

Son  of  James  Steele. 


Daughter  of  James  Taylor. 
Baptized  at  his  house  on 
account  of  sickness.  Par- 
ents not  in  covenant. 
Died  September  15,  1793. 


Appendix  III 


ZZ^ 


1352.  March         10.    Phinehas, 


1353- 

25.    Anson  Wells, 

1354- 

James, 

1355- 

April 

15.    Joseph  Whiting 

1356. 

Emily, 

1357- 

20.    Chauncey, 

1358.  June 
1359- 


3.    Caty, 
23.    Lucy, 


Son  of  Phinehas  Shephard. 
Baptized  in  private,  on 
account  of  sickness.  Par- 
ents not  in  Covenant. 
Died  March  10. 

Son  of  Asa  Bigelow. 

Son  of  James  Taylor. 

Son  of  Joseph  Whiting  Sey- 
mour, 

Daughter  of  Consider 
Bowen. 

Son  of  Dorus  Clark.  Bap- 
tized privately  on  ace*  of 
sickness.  Parents  not  in 
covenant.  Died  April  21, 
Aged  4|  years. 

Daughter  of  John  Cables. 

Daughter  of  Joseph  Wood- 
bridge.  Died  June  23. 
Baptized  privately,  on 
ace'  of  sickness.  Parents 
not  in  covenant.  \^Soine- 
tfmig  cut  out.] 


1360. 

24. 

Samuel, 

Son  of  Noah  Humphry. 

1361- 

Polly, 

(1  Children  of  Abraham  Cad- 

1362. 

Julia, 

f     well. 

1363. 

July 
1792. 

15- 

Eliza, 

Daughter  of  Elisha  Shep- 
herd. 

1364. 

July 

22. 

Nabby, 

Daughter  of  Thomas  Clap. 
Died  July  24.  Private, 
Sick.  Parents  not  in  cov- 
enant. 

1365. 

August 

5- 

William, 

Son  of  Joseph  Webster. 

1366. 

26. 

Charles, 

Son  of  James  Wells. 

1367.  Septem""  16.    Caty, 

1368.  Poll'y, 

1369.  James, 

1370.  Cinthia, 

1371.  October  7.     Fanny, 

1372.  28.  Leonard  Kennedy, 
1373-  Samuel  Lewis, 
1374.  Novem''  i.    Sally, 


1375- 


II.    Rufus, 


Children  of  Thomas  Clap. 

Daughter  of  Charles  Shep- 
herd. 

an  Adult. 

Son  of  Leonard  Kennedy. 

Daughter  of  Dorus  Bar- 
nard. Private  Sick. 
Died  Novem'  i,  1792. 

Son  of  Roswel  Stanley. 


332 

1376.  Decern''   9. 

1377- 


1793- 

1378.  January     13. 

1379.  February  18. 


History  of  the  Church 

Henry  Langdon,  Son   of  Rev^    Abel   Flint,  3 

months. 

Amelia,  Daughter  of    Daniel    Hins- 

dale. 
27,  in  1792.     Total  57. 


Charles  Leonard, 
Frances  Juliana, 


13S0.  March        23.    Harriet, 


I3SI. 

26. 

Henry  Ripley, 

1382. 

May 

5- 

Jane, 

1383- 

George, 

1384. 

1793- 

Samuel, 

1385- 

May 

5- 

Barzillai, 

1386. 

17- 

David  Hosmer, 

1387- 

July 

12. 

Nabby, 

1388. 

21. 

Hannah, 

1389. 

Polly, 

1390. 

Polly, 

I39I. 

Fanny, 

1392. 

Septei 

nber  12, 

,  Benjamin, 

1393- 


24.    Eunice, 


Son  of  John  Porter. 

Daughter  of  Noah  Webster. 
3.  weeks.  Private  on  ac- 
count of  sickness. 

Daughter  of  Andrew  Kings- 
bury. 3.  months. 
Private.  Sick. 

Son  of  Epaphras  Seymour. 
A  few  weeks. 

-  Children  of  Robert  Sloan. 


Son  of  William  Hudson. 

Aged    12.     years.     Private. 
Sick.     Died  May  19. 

Daughter       of      Catharine 
Hinsdale.  Private. 

Daughter  of  Barzillai  Hud- 
son. 

The  wife  of  Josiah   Hemp- 
stead. 
\  Children   of   Josiah   Hemp- 
S      stead. 

Son   of   Josiah  Hempstead, 
Private.  Sick. 

Daughter  of  Jonathan  Bige- 
low.  Private.  Sick. 


1394- 

October      13. 

Betsey, 

[  Children  of  SaUie  Wheeler. 

1395- 

Alexander, 

) 

1396. 

December  15. 

Russell, 

Son  of  Levi  Robbin. 

19  in  1793. 

Total  76. 

1794. 

1397- 

January      19. 

Fanny, 

Daughter   of  Joseph   Whit- 
ing Seymotn-. 
•>  Children  of  Timothy  Dodd. 

1398. 

February  28. 

Elizabeth, 

J                                       -' 

I      Private.  Sick.  Parents  not 

i399- 

Sally, 

J      in  covenant. 

1400. 

March         14. 

Theron, 

Son  of  Asa  Bunce.  Private. 
Sick. 

140 1. 

April          13. 

Heppy, 

Daughter  of  Lemuel  Steele. 

Appendix  III                                       1^,1 

I402. 

27. 

Sally, 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Benton. 

1403. 

Polly, 

Daughter  of  Phinehas  Shep- 
herd. 

I404. 

May 

4- 

Polly, 

Children  of   James  McCur- 

I405. 

Nancy, 

dy. 

I406. 

May 

25- 

William, 

1407. 

Anne, 

Children    of    William    Hos- 

1408. 

Maria, 

mer. 

1409. 

Henry, 

1410. 

June 

15- 

Lemuel, 

Son  of  Noah  Humphrey. 

1411. 

22. 

George, 

i  Twin  children  of  John  Ca- 

1412. 

Betsey, 

1      ble. 

1413- 

July 

27- 

George  Jepson, 

Son  of  George  Loomis. 

1414. 

Stephen, 

Son  of  Stephen  Skinner. 

1415- 

August 

20. 

Harriet, 

Daughter  of  Reuben  Wads- 

1416, 

31.    Harriet, 

1417.  Septem'' 

10.    Nabby, 

1418. 

20.    Henry, 

1419. 

21. 

James, 

1420. 

December    7. 

Charlotte  Ann 

1421. 

21. 

Harriet, 

1422. 

1795- 

Fanny, 

26.  in  1794. 

1423- 

January     28. 

James, 

1424.  February  22.    Caty, 


1425.  March 

1426.  June 

1427. 


22. 
14. 


Leonard, 
Rebecca, 


Margaret  Seymour, 


word.  Private.  Sick. 
Parents  not  in  Covenant. 
Died  August  20. 

Adopted  Daughter  of  Isaac 
Dickenson. 

Daughter  of  Thomas  Clapp. 
Private. 

Son  of  Elijah  Clap.  Pri- 
vate. Sick.  Parents  not 
in  covenant.  Died  Octo- 
ber 2''  1794. 

Son  of  Consider  Bowen. 

Daughter  of  Thomas  Y. 
Seymour. 

Daughter  of  Roswell  Stan- 
ley. 

Daughter  of  Charles  Shep- 
herd. 
Total  102. 


Son  of  Polly  Larkim.  Pri- 
vate. Sick.  Mother  not 
in  covenant.  Aged  12 
years. 

Daughter  of  William  Board- 
man. 

Son  of  Leonard  Kennedy. 

Daughter  of  Thos.  Sloan 
Junr. 

Daughter  of  William  Hud- 
son. 


334 

History  oj 

1428. 

July 

5- 

Maria, 

1429- 

Emily, 

I430. 

October 

26. 

Hervey, 

I43I- 

Novem'' 

1. 

John, 

1432. 

Decern'' 
1796. 

6. 

Charles, 

10  in  1795 

1433- 

February 

7- 

Ruth, 

1434- 

April 

3- 

Harriet, 

1435- 

10. 

Betsey, 

1436. 

24. 

Laura, 

1437. 

May 

3- 

John  Michael, 

143S. 

October 

23. 

Betsey, 

1439- 

November  13. 

Horace, 

1440. 

Hulda, 

1441. 

Heppy, 

1442. 

George, 

1443- 

1796. 

20. 

George, 

1444- 

Decemb'' 

II. 

Harry, 

1445. 

Eliza, 

1446. 

31- 

Sally, 

Daughter  of  Daniel  Hins- 
dale. 

Daughter  of  Thomas  Tis- 
dale. 

Son  of  William  Andruss 
Jun^  Private.  Sick. 
Died  Ocf  27.  1795. 

Son  of  John  Clapp. 

Son  of  Samuel  Webster. 
Total  1X2. 

Daughter  of  Daniel  Bunce. 

Daughter  of  Roswel  Stan- 
ley. 

Daughter  of  John  Cable. 

Daughter  of  Andrew  Kings- 
burJ^ 

Son  of  John  Chenevard 
Jun'.     Private.     Sick. 

Daughter  of  Abraham  Cad- 
well. 

Children  of  Freeman  Sey- 
mour. 

Son  of  Uriah  Shepherd. 
Son  of  Consider  Bowen. 

\  Children    of    Richard    Sey- 
)      mour. 
Daughter  of  Mark.     Negro. 
Private.      Sick.      Parents 
not  in  covenant. 


14  in  1796.     Total  126. 


1797- 

1447. 

January 

I, 

Emily, 

I44S. 

March 

10. 

Moses, 

1449. 

23- 

Lucy  Terry, 

1450. 

Daniel, 

I45I. 

April 

16. 

Rhoda  Hopkins, 

1452. 

Harriet, 

1453. 

May 

7- 

Thomas  Coleman 

1454- 

Samuel, 

1455, 

James  Steele, 

1456.. 

Fanny  Lewis, 

Daughter  of  Stephen  Skin- 
ner. 
Son      of    Samuel     Eenton. 
Private.     Sick. 
\  Children  of  Daniel  Dwight. 
)      Private.     Sick. 
An  Adult  Negro. 
Her  daughter. 


Sons  of  Jonathan  Bigelow. 

Daughter  of  Leonard   Ken- 
nedy. 


Appendix  III 


335 


1457.  July  30. 

1458.  August  20. 
1459. 

1460.  Sepf  10, 

1 46 1.  October  i, 


1798. 
1462.  January       i, 


Henry  Chester, 
John, 
Emily, 
William, 
Lucy  Bliss, 


Son  of  John  Porter. 
Son  of  Charles  Shepherd. 
Daughter  of  John  Clap. 
Son  of  William  Hudson. 
Daughter  of  Epaphras  Sey- 
mour. Deceased,   Private. 


15  in  1797.     Total  141. 


Mary  Juliana, 
1463.  February     9,    Sally, 


1464.  April  15, 

1465.  29, 

1466.  May  20, 

1467.  June  17, 
1468. 

1469.  iS, 

1470.  July  29, 

1471.  30, 

1472.  August  29, 

1473.  Septem'  23, 
1474. 

1799. 

1475.  January  •  20, 

1476.  February  24, 

1477.  March  3, 
1478. 

1479.  17, 

1480.  May  5, 
14S1. 


14S2. 


1483.  Septem''   8, 

1484.  Septem""   15, 
1485. 

i486. 

1487.  October       6, 


James  Davenport, 
Horace  Deming, 
Zelewina, 
Bela  Burt, 
Fanny, 
Boston, 

Mary  Anne, 

Lorenzo, 

Sally, 

John  Hubbard, 
EUsha, 

13  in  1798.     Total 

Charles, 
Patty, 

Harris  Sage, 
Mariamne, 
Jerusha, 

Charles  McClean, 
Langdon, 


22,    James  Starr, 


James  Hezekiah, 
Ruth  Margaret, 
Mary, 

Pamela  Marietta, 

Harriott, 


Daughter  of  John  Chene- 
vard  Jun'.     Private. 

Daughter  of  Stephen  Skin- 
ner.    Sick.     Private. 

Son  of  Thos.  Y.  Seymour. 

Son  of  Elisha  Wells. 

Daughter  of  Asahel  Marks. 

an  Adult. 

Daughter  of  Bela  Burt. 

an  Adult  Negro.  Private. 
Sick. 

Daughter  of  Joseph  W.  Sey- 
mour.    Private. 

Son  of  James  Steele.  Pri- 
vate.    Sick. 

Daughter  of  Elisha  Colt. 
Private.  Sick. 

son  of  John  L  Wells. 

Son  of  Elisha  Bigelow. 

154- 

Son  of  Consider  Bowen. 

Daughter  of  Daniel  Bunce. 

an  Adult. 

Daughter  of  W""  Boardman. 

Daughter  of  Joseph  Web- 
ster. 

son  of Pratt. 

Son  of  Polly  Bigelow.  Pri- 
vate. 

Son  of  George  Burr.  Pri- 
vate.    Sick. 

son  of  Rev*  A.  Flint. 

Daughter  of  James  Steele. 

Daughter  of  Jonathan  Bige- 
low. 

Daughter  of  Fred.  Stanley 
Deaces"*.     Private. 

Daughter  of  Bela  Burt. 


33^ 

History  of 

the  Church 

1488. 

27- 

Thomas  William, 

son  of  Thomas  Sloan. 

1489. 

Dec 

12, 

Mary  Eliza, 

Daughter    of    John   Chene- 
vard  Jun^     Private. 

15  in  1799. 

Total 

i6g. 

iSoo. 

I490. 

March 

30, 

Anne  Aurelia, 

Daughter  of  John  I.  Wells. 

I49I. 

June 

8, 

Lucinda, 

Daughter  of  Russell  Bunce. 

1492. 

July 

6, 

Susan  Elizabeth, 

Daughter     of    Thomas    Y. 

Seymour. 

1493. 

Jerusha, 

1494- 

Lucy, 

Children   of    Elijah    C^app. 

1495- 

Miriam, 

deceased,  pi-ivate. 

1496. 

Polly, 

1497. 

Henry, 

- 

1498. 

23. 

Emily, 

Daughter  of  Joseph  W 
bridge.       Private.       ; 
Parents  not  in  covenant. 

1499. 

August 

26, 

Clarissa, 

Daughter  of  Elisha   Well 
Private.     Sick. 

I500. 

Sep'' 

7, 

Sally, 

Daughter  of  Daniel    Hins- 
dale.    Do.     Do. 

I50I. 

Nov'' 

9. 

Andrew, 

Son  of  Samuel  Benton. 

I502. 

Dec' 

I4> 

Salmon,- 

^ 

1503. 

Ephraim, 

'  Children  of  Salmon  Bidwell. 

1504. 

Mary  Sloan, 

1      Private. 

15  in  1800. 

Total 

184. 

1 801. 

1505- 

February 

22, 

Mary, 

Daughter  of  James  Taylor. 
Private.     Sick. 

1506. 

April 

5. 

Benjamin, 

Son  of  WiUiam  Barton.   Pri- 
vate. 

I507. 

19. 

Walter, 

}  Twin  children  of  Levi  Rob- 

i5o8. 

William, 

)      bins  Jun% 

1509. 

July 

26, 

Jeannett, 

Daughter  of  William  Board- 
man. 

1510. 

August 

13. 

Caty, 

Daughter  of  CyprianNichoU. 
Private.      Sick.      Parents 
not  in  covenant. 

1511- 

September  27 

Seth  Ellsworth 

Son  of  John  I.  Wells. 

1512. 

October 

25 

Jerusha, 

Daughter  of    Thomas    En- 
sign. 

8  in  1801. 

Total 

192. 

1802. 

1513- 

February 

I. 

Roxy, 

Daughter    of    Benjamin 
Smith.  Private.  Sick. 

1514- 

March 

18. 

Margaret  Juliana, 

Daughter  of    John    Chene- 

vard  Jun""  Private. 


Appendix  III 


337 


1515- 

1 5 16.  April 

1517- 
1518. 

1519- 
1520. 
1521. 
1522. 

1523.  July 

1524.  August 


24. 

4. 


13- 

4- 
27. 

26. 


1525.  Sep' 
1526. 

1802. 
1527.  October  10. 
152S.  Decern''    5. 

1529- 
1530. 
1531- 
1532. 
1533- 
1534-  26. 


1803. 

1535.  January      2. 

1536.  February  27. 
1537- 

1538. 
1539.  April 


1540.  May 

1 541.  July 

1542.  August 

1543.  Septem'- 

1544- 

1545.  October 

1546. 

1547.  Novem' 

1548. 


24. 

15- 
17- 

30. 

29. 

9- 

23- 

6. 


Caroline, 

David, 

James, 

Leonard, 

William, 

Sarah , 

Nathaniel  White, 

Harriot, 

James  Barnard, 
Joseph, 

Leonard, 
Algernon  Sidney, 

John  Lee, 
Mehitabel  Winship, 

Thomas  Jefferson, 

Jason, 

John, 

Rhoda  Spencer, 

Walter, 

Patty, 


V 


Daughter  of  Samuel   Dan- 
forth.  Private.  Sick. 


Children  of  Nath'  Winship. 
Private. 


Daughter    of    Uriah   Shep- 

hard.  Private. 
Son  of  Thomas  Sloan. 
Son     of     Joseph     Winship, 

Jun'.  Private. 
Sons  of  Leonard  Kennedy. 

Private. 

Son  of  Russell  Bunce. 
Wife    of    Joseph    Winship, 

Jun'. 
vSons  of  Charles  Shephard. 

Private. 


\_  Children  of  Joseph  Winship, 
i       Jun^  Private. 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Web- 
ster. Private. 


22.  in  1802.  —  Total  214. 


William, 

Frederic  Bigelow, 
Chauncey  Carrier, 
Henry  Allen, 
Rebecca, 

Henry, 

Eliza  Howard, 

William, 

Alfred  Buckley, 
Adeline, 
Joseph, 

Elisha  Andrew, 
William, 


20.    Consider  Warren, 


Son  of  William  Barton.  Pri- 
vate. 

Sons  of  Timothy  Foster. 
Private.  Parents  not  in 
covenant. 

Daughter  of  George  Barrett. 
Private. 

Son  of  Nath'  Winship. 

Daughter  of  Thomas  Hop- 
kins. 

Son  of  Bela  Burt.    Private. 
Sick. 
\  Twin  children  of  Levi  Rob- 
S       bins,  Jun'.  Private. 

Son  of  David  Taylor. 

Son  of  Elisha  Wells. 

Son  of  John  Chevenard, 
Jun^  Private. 

Son  of  Bela  Burt. 


33^ 


History  of  the  Church 


1549.  Dec 

1550. 
1551- 


1804. 
1552.  March 


1553.  May 

1554- 
1555.  June 

1556- 

1557.  October 

1558. 

1559- 

1560. 

1561. 

1562. 

1563- 
1564. 


II.    Sally  White, 

30.    Anne  Aurelia, 

Elizabeth  Seymour, 


28. 


28, 


1565. 

1566.  December  13. 


1805. 
1567.  March  2       6. 


1568 
1569 
1 5  70 
1571 
1572 
1573 

1574 

1575 

1576 

1577 


June 


July 


16, 


Daughter  of  Joseph  Win- 
ship,  Jun"". 

Daughter  of  John  I.  Wells. 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Dan- 
forth. 


17.  in  1803.     Total  231. 


7.    Joseph, 


Mary, 
William, 
Horace  Skinner, 
Mary, 

Susannah, 

Mary  Seymour, 

Ann  Eliza, 

John  Benton, 

Hannah  Maria, 

Sally, 

Wid:  Mary  Day, 

Samuel    Marshal 

Clesson, 
Elizabeth  Brewster, 
William, 


Son  of  Joseph  Tucker,  Jun', 
Private.  Sick.  Parents 
not  in  covenant. 

Children  of  Noah  Hum- 
phrey. Private.  Sick. 

Son  of  Benjamin  Smith. 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Day, 
deceased.  Private.  Sick. 

Daughter  of  Russell  Bunce. 

Daughter  of  Nath'  Andrews. 

Children  of  Oliver  Terry. 
Private. 


An  adult. 

Children  of  Sam  Day. 
ceas"*. 


De- 


Son  of  Asa  Allen.  Sick.  Pri- 
vate. Parents  not  in  cove- 
nant. 
15  in  1804.     Total  246. 


Jonathan  W. , 


George  Stanley, 
Chauncey  Bleeker, 
Sophia,  \ 

Adeline, 
Julia  Ann, 
Melinda  Amelia, 


Son     of     Jonathan     Root. 
Sick.      Private.      Parents 
not  in  covenant. 

Children  of  Jonathan  Root. 
Private. 


November  3.    John  Henry 


Dec' 


17- 
3- 


Lovinia, 

Henry, 
Mary, 


Daughter  of  Samuel  Dan- 

forth. 
Son  of  Thomas  Sloan. 
Daughter  of  Levi  Robbins, 

Jun'. 
Son  of  Nathaniel  Winship. 
Daughter  of  William  Davey. 

Private.      Parents  not  in 

covenant. 
II  in  1805.     Total  257. 


Appendix  III                                     339 

1806. 

157S. 

June 

7- 

Lewis, 

Son  of  Richard  Seymour 
Private.  Sick. 

1579- 

22. 

Nancy, 

Daughter  of  John  I.  Wells 
Private. 

i58o. 

July 

4- 

Charles, 

Son  of  Thomas  Hopkins. 

1581. 

August 

SI- 

Julia  Catherine, 

Daughter   of   George  Corn 

ing. 

1582. 

October 

SI- 

William 

Zephaniah, 

Son  of  William  Boardman. 

1583- 

Novem' 

23- 

Charles, 

Son  of  Oliver  Terry.  Private 

1807. 

1584.  May 

1585.  July 

1556.  Sep"' 

1557.  Dec 
1588. 


13- 
29. 


1808. 

1589.  May      2. 

1590.  July      3 

1591- 

1591^. 

1592. 

1593- 

1594.         10. 

1595- 

1596.  September  4. 

1597- 
1598. 

1599- 

1600. 
1 601. 
1602. 
1603. 
1604. 
1605. 

1606.  October     23. 

1607.  November  6. 
1608. 


6.  in  1806.     Total  263. 


James, 
Catharine, 

George  Leverett, 
Miriam  Fitch, 
Jeremiah, 


Son  of  Russell  Bunce. 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Dan- 
forth. 

Son  of  Thomas  Sloan. 

Children  of  Leonard  Ken- 
nedy.    Private. 


5  in  1807.      Total  268. 


V  Adults. 


of 


Jabez  Smith, 
Roger  Barrows, 
Mrs. Grace  Barrows, 
Eli  Hudson, 
Sally  Sheldon, 
Nancy  Clapp, 
Eber, 
Fanny, 
Hopey,       wife 

Benj"  Flagg, 
Mary,  Wife  of  Sam 

uel  Wheeler, 
Hannah,     wife     of  \  Adults 

Roswel  Carter, 
Anne      Lockwood 

Francis, 
Levi  Stilman, 
John  Brewster, 
Benj"  Benton, 


Son  of  Elisha  Colt.    Private. 


{•  Children  of  Roger  Barrows. 


Alithea, 
Samuel  Day, 
Edmond, 
Marv, 


I   Children  of  Benjamin  Flagg. 
Private. 


Daughter  of  William  Brad- 
ley, Esq^ 


Samuel  Jones, 

Peggy,  wife  of  W""  \-  Adults. 
Brown, 


340 


History  of  the  Church 


1609. 

Martha  Jacobs, 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Dan- 
forth. 

I6I0. 

Decem"^ 

II. 

John  Crocker, 

Son  of  James  Pitman. 

I6II. 

Decern' 

18. 

Joseph  Woodbridge, 

an  Adult.     Private.     Sick. 

I6I2. 
1613. 
I6I4. 

1809. 

Emma  Ann  Bissell.  ■ 
William  Henry, 
Dudley  Mumford, 
27  in  1808.— Tota 

Children  of  Joseph  Wood- 
bridge.     Private. 

295. 

I6I5. 

January 

I. 

John  Durrie  Jun', 

I6I6. 

Julia  Beach, 

-  Adults. 

I6I7. 

Mehetabel  Foster, 

I6I8. 

February 

28. 

Lucy  Jane, 

Daughter  of  Charles  Shep- 
ard.     Private. 

i6ig. 

March 

5- 

Silas  Andrus, 

1620. 

Wid:    Charlotte 
Kentfield, 

-  Adults. 

1621. 

Elizabeth  Clark, 

1622. 

Harriet  Roberts, 

1623. 

May 

7- 

Anne, 

Wife  of  Wm  Merritt.  Adult. 

1624. 

Julia, 

Daughter  of  Thomas  Wil- 
liams.    Private. 

1625. 

21. 

William, 

Sons  of  William  Merritt. 
Private. 

1626. 

Edwin, 

1627. 

June 

25- 

Betsey, 

Daughter  of  Bela  Burt. 

1628. 

30. 

Roswell, 

Son  of  Roswel  Carter. 

1629. 

August 

13- 

George, 

Son  of  Roger  Barrows. 

1630. 

Sep"" 

3- 

Richard  Scott, 

Adult. 

1631. 

Daniel  Camp, 

Son  of  Nath'  Seymour.  De- 
ceased. 

1632. 

Martha, 

Daughter  of  Benjamin 
Flagg. 

1633- 

October 

22 

William, 

Son  of  Nath'  S.  Andrews. 

1634. 

November  26 

Emeline, 

Daughter  of  Oliver  Terry. 

Private. 

20  in  1S09. —  Tota 

1  315- 

1810. 

1635- 

March 

II. 

Clarissa  Clark, 

an  Adult. 

1636. 

May 

4- 

Joseph, 

Son  of  Joseph  Winship.  Jun'. 

1637. 

Charles, 

Son  of  William  Merritt. 

1638. 

June 

26. 

Harriet, 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Dan- 
forth.     Private.     Sick. 

1639 

August 

26. 

Mary  Agnes, 

Daughter  of  James  Pitman. 

1640 

vSeptember  2. 

Sally, 

Wife  of  Josiah  Bicknel. 

1641 

Hannah  Terry, 

Daughter  of  Do. 

Appendix  III 


341 


1642.  October       7. 

1643.  December  9. 


Catherine  Wendell,         Daughter  of  John  M.  Gan- 
nett. 
Charles,  Son  of  William  Boardman. 

9  in  1810. —  Total  324. 


I8II. 

1644. 

January- 

4- 

Elizabeth  Clap, 

Daughter  of  David  Ta3-lor. 

1645. 

March 

3- 

Beulah, 

wife  of  Cato  Kent,  an  adult. 

1646. 

July 

28. 

John  Benton, 

Son  of  George  Corning. 

1647. 

Sep' 

22. 

Samuel, 

Son  of  Edward  Watkinson. 

1648. 

Phebe  Hubbel, 

Daughter  of  Erastus  Flint. 

1649. 

Novem' 
1812. 

I. 

Charles  Pitkin, 

6  in  181 1.— Total 

Son  of  John  I.  Wells. 
330. 

1650. 

March 

8. 

Caroline, 

Daughter  of  William  Brad- 
ley. 

I65I. 

May 

3- 

Thomas  Brattle, 

son  of  John  M.  Gannet. 

1652. 

July 

3- 

Frederic, 

Son  of  Thomas  Sloan. 

1653. 

Philura, 

Daughter  of   Samuel   Dan- 
forth. 

1654. 

George  Austin, 

Son  of  Benjamin  Flagg. 

1655- 

12. 

Thomas, 

Son  of    Thomas   Williams 
Private. 

1656. 

26. 

Catharine  Williams, 

Daughter   of    Chester   Bid- 
well. 

1657- 

Sep' 

6. 

Charles, 

Son  of  Charles  Star. 

8  in  1812.— Total  338. 

1813. 

1658. 

May 

30. 

Edward  Blair, 

Son  of  Edward  Watkinson. 

1659. 

Nov"" 
1814. 

7- 

Jerusha  Maria, 

2  in  1813.— Total 

Daughter   of    George   Bar- 
nard. 
340- 

1660. 

Jan'y 

13- 

Charles, 

son  of  Roger  Barrows.    Pri- 
vate. 

1661. 

30. 

George  Woodhouse, 

Son  of  Charles  D.  Skinner. 

1662. 

April 

19. 

Sophia, 

Daughter   of   Samuel   Dan- 
forth.     Private. 

1663. 

May 

I. 

John  Buell, 

Son  of  Erastus  Flint. 

1664. 

June 

12. 

George  Alfred, 

Son  of  John  M.  Gannett. 

1665. 

26. 

Mary  Ann, 

Daughter  of    Chester  Bid- 
well. 

1666. 

July 

I. 

Donald  Walter, 

Grandson    of    Mrs.  A.    Mc- 
Lean. 

1667. 

Asa  Farewell, 

Son  of  Benjamin  Flagg. 

1668. 
1669. 

3- 

Nancy, 
Austin, 

Wife  of  Charles  Starr. 
Son  of  Ashur  Ishara. 

342 


History  of  the  Church 


1670.  Sep' 
1671. 

1672. 


Mary  Ann, 
Frances  Emiline, 

Hannah  Shepard, 


1673. 

I8I5. 

25- 

William  Henry, 

14.  in  1814.     Tota 

1674. 

June 

II. 

William  Cutler, 

1675. 

25- 

Emma, 

1676. 

John  Marselus, 

1677. 

August 

27- 

Julia  Ann, 

1678. 

Sepf 

I. 

John  Kilburn, 

1679. 

Jerusha  Ann, 

1680. 

Oliver  Chauncey, 

I68I. 

George  Burr, 

1682. 

Edward  Raymond, 

1683. 

James  Goodrich, 

1684. 

Elizabeth, 

1685. 

Mary  Goodrich, 

1686. 

3- 

John  Anthony  Hemp 
sted. 

1687. 

October 

14 

Eliza, 

22.    Hannah  Maria, 


Daughter  of  Elijah  Knox. 
^  Children  of   Daniel    Bunce, 
I      Jun^  Dec'^. 

I  Baptized  for    D.    Bunce   & 
j      Wife,     grand  Parents. 
Son  of  Charles  Starr. 


Son  of  Nathan  Ruggles. 
Daughter  of  Russel  Bunce. 
Son  of  Silas  Andrus. 
Daughter  of  Horace  Good- 
win. 
Son  of  Levi  Shepard. 

Children  of  Abner  Jones. 


Children  of  James  Barnard. 


an  Adult. 

Daughter  of  Josiah  Hemp- 
sted.     Private.     Sick. 

Daughter  of  George  Com- 
ing. 


1689. 

Nov 

5- 

Calvin, 

Son  of  Erastus  Fhnt. 

1690. 

26. 

Mehitabel  Esther, 

Daughter   of   Jeremiah   Ja- 
cobs. 

I69I. 

Dec 
1816. 

24. 

Phebe  Preston, 

I8ini8i5.     Total 

Daughter  of  Elijah  Knox. 
372. 

1692. 

Jan. 

II. 

Mary  Ann,                   "^ 

1693. 

EUzabeth, 

Children  Jonathan  C.  Fair- 

1694. 

Clarissa, 

man. 

1695- 

Jonathan, 

1696. 

Feb. 

4. 

Henry  Marsh,              ^ 

1697. 

Ehza, 

y  Children  of  Henry  Duier. 

I69S. 

Mary  Ann, 

1699. 

Emeline, 

1700. 

William  Harvey, 

I70I. 

April 

5- 

Eliza  Catherine, 

daughter  of            Burnham. 
private. 

1702. 

21. 

Frances  Louisa, 

daughter    of    Chester    Bid- 
well. 

0 

Appendix  III                                       343 

I703- 

28. 

Ann  Amelia, 

daughter  of  Thomas  Put- 
nam. 

1704. 

Nancy  Elvira, 

daughter  of  Charles  D. 
Skinner. 

I705- 

May 

5- 

Abby  Eliza, 

daughter  of  George  Bar- 
nard. 

i7o6. 

July 

5- 

Martha  Deming, 

daughter  of  James  Barnard. 

1707. 

Sepf 

I. 

Samuel, 

son  of  Samuel  Danforth, 
Deceased. 

1708. 

Elizabeth, 

Daughter  of  William  Wads- 
worth. 

1709. 

Eliza  Fanning, 

Daughter  of  Archibald  Bulk- 
ley. 

1710. 

October 

6. 

Helen  Maria, 

Daughter  of  Silas  Andrus. 

1711. 
1712. 

Nov^ 

1817. 

I. 

Frances  Ann,                i 

Jane,                              ! 

21.  in  1816.    Total 

Daughters  of  David  Taylor. 
393- 

1713- 

Feb. 

23- 

Jeremiah, 

son  of  Russell  Goodwin. 

1714. 

May 

2. 

William  Wells, 

son  of  Horace  Goodwin. 

1715- 

July 

3- 

Walter,                         \ 

1716, 

Mary  Butler,                [• 
Lucy,                             ) 

Children  of  James  Seymour. 

1717. 

1718. 

Sep. 

5- 

Giles  Miranda, 

son  of  Moses  P.  Holt. 

1719. 

Dec. 

1818. 

28. 

Harriet  Rebecca  Cutlei 
7  in  181 7.     Total 

,  Daughter  of  Nathan  Rug- 

gles. 
400. 

1720. 

April 

12. 

Thomas  Augustus, 

son  of  Thomas  Putnam. 

1721. 

May 

10. 

Charles  Henry, 

son  of  Charles  D.  Skinner. 
Private.     Sick. 

1722. 

Catherine, 

Daughter  of  Silas  Andrus. 

1723. 

June 

7- 

Frances  Ann, 

Daughter  of  William  Wads- 
worth. 

1724. 

Oct^ 

30 

DeHa, 

Henry, 

Sarah  EHzabeth, 

1725- 
1726. 

Children  of  Daniel  Hinsdale, 

1727. 

Susan, 

Jun. 

1728. 

Daniel  Cabot, 

1729. 

Nov. 

15- 

Martha, 

Daughter  of  James  Barnard. 

1730. 

David  Henry, 

1731- 

Charles  Townsend, 

Children  of  Mack  C.   Web- 

1732. 

Laura, 

ster. 

1733- 

George, 

14  in  1818.     Total  414. 


344 


History  of  the  Church 


1819. 

1734- 

Jan. 

I. 

John  Chester, 

son  of  Chester  Bidwell. 

1735- 

Feb. 

19. 

Mary, 

Daughter  of  Moses  P.  Holt 
Private.     Sick. 

1736- 

March 

7- 

Cina, 

Wife     of     Mack    Webster 
Adult. 

1737- 

George, 

son  of  George  Barnard. 

1733. 

April 

II. 

Lucy  Gaylord, 

Daughter  of  Seth  Stiles. 

1739- 

August 

18. 

Wolcott, 

son  of  Daniel  Hinsdale,  Jun 
Private.     Sick. 

1740. 

Sep. 

5- 

Elijah  Preston, 

son  of  Elijah  Knox. 

1 741. 

Elizabeth, 

daughter     of     James    Sey- 
mour. 

1742. 

10. 

Sarah  Louisa, 

daughter  of  Abner  Jones. 

^743- 

Oct. 

17- 

Elizabeth, 

daughter  of  Silas  Andrus. 

1744. 

Nov. 
1820. 

5- 

Jane  Adelaide, 

II.  in  1S19.     Tota 

daughter  of  Sylvester  Clark 

I  425. 

1745- 

June 

14. 

Delia  Maria, 

daughter  of    Thomas    Put- 
nam. 

1746. 

Jtiiy 

9- 

Mary, 

-  Children  of  Benjamin  Flagg. 

1747- 

Henry  Clapp, 

1748. 

August 

20. 

Albert, 

son  of  Charles  D.  Skinner. 

1749. 

Sep. 

3- 

John  H.  Thompson,  ~ 

1750. 

David  F.  Robinson, 

1751. 

Mary  Durrie, 

^  Adults. 

1752. 

Anne  Seymour, 

1753. 

Eunice  Barber, 

1754- 

Elizabeth  Andrus, 

1755. 

ID. 

Horace, 

son  of  James  Barnard. 

1756- 

Nov. 
1821. 

19. 

Wooster  Brace, 

12  in  1820.     Total 

son  of  Michael  Seymour. 
437- 

1757- 

Jan. 

14. 

Henry  Francis, 

an  Adult. 

1758. 

21. 

Hannah  Amelia, 

daughter    of    Jeri"    Jacobs, 
private. 

1759- 

March 

4- 

Hannah  Clark, 

an  Adult. 

1760. 

April 

I. 

Lydia  Ann, 

daughter  of  Seth  Stiles. 

1 76 1. 

June 

10. 

William  Henry, 

son  of  George  Corning. 

1762. 

J^iy 

I. 

Charles  Reuben, 

son  of  William  Wadsworth. 

Appendix  III 


345 


1S21. 
1763.  July      S. 
1764. 
1765- 

1766. 
1767. 

1768. 

1769. 

1770. 

1771. 

1772. 

1773- 

1773^. 

1774.         29. 

1775- 
1776. 

1777- 

1778. 

1779.  August   23. 

1780. 

1781. 

1782.         26. 

1783- 

17S4. 

1785.  September  2. 

1786. 

1787. 

1788. 

1789. 

1790.  Sep.      2. 

1791. 

1792. 

1793-        23. 

1794. 

1795- 

1796. 

1797.  October   7. 

1798. 

1799.  21. 


Parde  Baker, 
Fanny  his  wife, 
Mrs    Sally     Board- 
man, 
Mrs  Delia  Knox, 
Mrs    Harriet    Lyn- 
don, 
Alexis  S.  Baker, 
Heppy  Benton, 
Jane  Benton, 
Grace  Staunton, 
Maria  Taylor, 
Mary  Humphrey, 
Mary  Ann  Gleason, 
Sarah  Ann  Maria, 
Nelson  Gershom, 
Mary  Elizabeth, 
George      Washing- 
ton, 
Almira, 
Henry  Clark, 
Mary  Ann, 
Jerusha  Elizabeth, 
Sarah  Ann, 
Henry, 
Mary, 

John  Roberts, 
Mrs  Amanda  Rob- 
erts, 
Mrs  Elizabeth  Hins- 
dale, 
Mrs    Martha   Web- 
ster, 
Cynthia  Clark, 
Louisa  Stone  Howe, 
Henry  Burr, 
Elizabeth  Burr, 
William , 

Oliver  Randolph, 
Harriet  Prudence, 
Julia  Benton, 
Elizabeth  Rebecca, 
Charles, 
Lucretia  Law, 


>  Adults. 


)  Children    of  Asahel  Hinck- 
f      ley. 


>  Children  of  Joseph  Fuller. 

[  Children    of    Uzal    Miner, 
j        Private. 

I    Children  of  Benjamin  Board- 


\  Adults. 


Adults. 

son  of  Silas  Andrus. 

)    Children    of    Oliver   Terry. 
I        Private. 

daughter  of  Zadoc  Hinsdale. 
Son  of  Amariah  Knox. 
Daughter  of  Daniel    Hins- 
dale, Jun. 


346 


History  of  the  Church 


1800. 

Nov. 

4- 

Maria  Benton,            ^ 

I80I. 

Enoch   Crandalv  Adults. 
Staunton,                 ) 

1802. 

Dec. 

2. 

William  John, 

1803. 
1804. 

Edwin, 

■gjj  ■  ,                             V  Children  of  John  Roberts. 

1805. 

1822. 

Hiram, 

50  in  1 821.     Total  487. 

1806. 

Jan. 

13- 

Maria, 

1807. 
1808. 

William  Horace, 
Cornelia  Wyllys, 

Children  of  Horace  Burr. 

1809. 

Melancthon, 

1810. 

20. 

Jerusha  Olivia,              Daughter  of    Joseph   Web- 
ster. 

18II. 

Feb. 

16. 

Prudence,                        Daughter     of  Andrus 

deceased.     Private. 

I8I2. 

May 

26. 

Harriet  Newel,              Daughter  of  Mack  C.  Web- 
ster. 

I8I3. 

July 

7- 

Lester  Cornelius,           son  of  Samuel  Humphrey. 

I8I4. 

Aug. 

4- 

George  Edward,            Son  of  Horace  Burr. 

i8i4« 

Elizabeth  Fitch,             Daughter  of  Thomas  Put- 
nam. 

1815. 

Sep. 

16. 

Catherine,                      daughter  of Fuller. 

i8i6. 

Nov. 

10. 

James,                               Son  of  Charles  D.  Skinner. 

1817. 

1823. 

24. 

Cornelia  Ann,                Daughter  of   Michael  Sey- 
mour. 
13.  in  1822.     Total  500. 

1818. 

Jan'y 

12. 

Naomi  Carew,                an  Adult. 

1819. 

May 

18. 

George  Spencer,            Son  of  Daniel  Hinsdale.- 

1820. 

June 

15- 

Martha, 

1821. 

Mary, 

Children    of    John    Carter 

1822. 

Lavinia, 

Deceased.     Private. 

1823. 

Hez:  Butler, 

1824. 

James  Elizur,                 Son  of  James  Seymour. 

1825. 

Sep. 

14. 

Jane  Elizabeth,               Daughter   of Sweet 

land. 

1826. 

Eliza,                               Daughter  of  Asahel  Hinck 
ley. 

1827. 

Charles  Henry,              Son  of  Chester  Bidwell. 

1828. 

Nov. 

4- 

Ira,                                   Son  of  Ira  Todd.     Private 
Sick. 

II.  in  1823.     Tota 

I511. 

>  Mr.  Strong.     Hartford.     N. 


Appendix  III  347 

BAPTISMS    IN    THE    SOUTH    CHURCH    BY    MINISTERS    OF 
OTHER  CHURCHES. 
1791. 

1829.  Deem''  4.    Peggy,  Daughter  of  Elisha  Bigelow, 

Jun'     Mr.    Perkins.  Hart- 
ford.   W.* 
1792. 

1830.  Sep'     23.    William,  Son  of  John - 

Carter. 
'^31-  F^'^^y-  ^^^ig^terof  ,j^^  g^^^^g_     Hartford.    N.f 

Sam'  Webster. 
1S32.  George,  Son  of  Sam' 

Benton. 

1833.  30.    Jason,  Son  of  James  Bunce.     Dec'. 

Mr.  Marsh.    Wethersfield. 
Total  5. 

1793- 

1834.  June  16.    Epaphras,      son     of^ 

Jonathan  Steele. 

1835.  Lorenzo,       Son       of 

James  Steele,  Jun^ 

1836.  Amelia,  Daughter  of 

Asa  Bigelow. 

1837.  July  7.    Nabby,  Daughter  of  James  Taylor. 

Mr.  Strong.  Hartford.   N. 

1838.  Septem""        i.    Rhoda,  Daughter   of  Richard   Sey- 

mour.   Mr.  Strong.    Hart- 
ford.    N. 
1S39.  29.    Rhoda,  Daughter    of    John    Clapp. 

Mr.  Patten.     Newport. 
1793.     6.     Total  II. 

1795. 

1840.  April  19.    Charles,  )  '^'^'^^     ^^^^^'"^'^     °^    ^^^^^^ 

1841.  Caty,  \      Bigelow. 

^  )      Mr.  Marsh.  Wethersfield. 

1842.  May  10.    Betsey,  Daughter  of Norcutt, 

deceased. 

Mr.  Brown.    Glastenbury. 
1S43.  Nov"'  8.    Nancy,  Daughter  ofl 

Jos.  W^ebster.  ;  Mr.  Strong.     Hartford. 

1844.  Lucy,    Daughter    of  T         North. 

James  Steele,  Jun'.  J 

1845.  15.    Polly,  l'^^'^"    Daughters    of    John 

^  ^  ' ^^^^^'  )      Mr.  Marsh.   Wethersfield. 

*  Hartford,  W.  (west),  the  church  in  West  Hartford, 
t  Hartford,  N.  (north),  the  present  "  Center"  church. 


348 


History  of  the  Church 


A  child  of    Phineas    Shep- 
hard. 

Mr.   Rowland.      Windsor. 
1795.     8.     Total  19. 


1796. 

1849. 

August 

14. 

Nancy, 

Daughter  of  Noah  Humph- 
rey.    Mr.  Strong. 

1850. 

Septem'' 

4- 

Joshua, 

)  Sons  of  Josiah  Hempstead. 

I85I. 

Elisha, 

I      Mr.  Strong. 

1852. 

9. 

A  Daughter  of  Bela  Burt, 
Mr.  Strong.  Private.  Sick. 
Parents  not  in  Covenant. 

1853- 

October 

30. 

Charles, 

Son  of  William  Boardman. 
Mr.  Marsh. 

1796.     5. 

Total  24. 

1797- 

1854. 

April 

23- 

Polly, 

Daughter  of  Asahel  Marks, 
Mr.  Rowland. 

1855- 

Sep' 

17- 

Eliza, 

Daughter  of  Thomas  Sloan 
Mr.  Perkins. 

1856. 

Dec- 

I. 

Anne  Amelia, 

Daughter  of  Rev"  A.  FHnt, 
Mr.  Strong. 

1797-     3- 

Total 

27. 

1798. 

1857- 

October 
1799. 

14. 

Horace, 

Son  of  Noah  Humphrey. 
Mr.  Strong. 

1858. 

Nov"' 

3- 

Betsey, 

Daughter  of  John  Carter. 
Mr.  Strong. 

2  in  1798  and  : 

1799. 

Total  29. 

1800. 

1859. 

June 

29. 

Heppy, 

Daughter  of  Phinehas  Shep- 
hard.     Mr.  Strong. 

1800.     I. 

Total  30. 

1801. 

i860. 

June 

14. 

Rufus  Bunce, 

Son  of  David  Taylor. 
Mr.  Washburn. 

I86I. 

Oct' 
1802. 

29. 

Ruth, 

Daughter  of  Jonathan  Bige- 
low.   Private.  Mr.  Strong. 

1862. 

May 
1806. 

9- 

Royal  Bissell, 

Son  of  Rev.  A.  Flint.    Do. 

1863. 

June 

8. 

Roswell  Seymour, 

Son  of  Nath'  Andrews. 

Mr.  Johns. 

1864. 

Nov' 

2. 

Nancy, 

Daughter  of  Bela  Burt. 
Mr.  Strong. 

Appendix  III 

349 

1S07. 

i865. 

July 

5- 

Emeline, 

Daughter  of  Nath'  Andrews. 
D.  D.  Strong. 

1866. 

August 
1808. 

30. 

John  Edward, 

Son  of  David  Taylor. 
D.  D.  Strong. 

1867. 

June 
1809. 

5. 

George  Webster, 

Son  of  George  Corning. 
Mr.  Strong. 

1868. 

April 
1810. 

30. 

Jane, 

Daughter  of  Russell  Bunce. 
Mr.  Rowland. 

1869. 

Sep' 
1816. 

30. 

Louisa, 

Daughter  of  Horace  Good- 
win.    Mr.  Rowland. 

1870. 

Feb. 
1817. 

25- 

Caleb  J.  T.  Gannet, 

Son  of  J.  M.  Gannet. 
Mr.  Kingsbury. 

1871. 

Nov. 
1S19. 

9- 

Delia, 

Daughter  of  Elijah   Knox. 
Mr.  Fairchild. 

1872. 

Oct. 
1822. 

10. 

Charles  Reuben, 

Son  of  William  Wadsworth 
Mr.  Fairchild. 

1873- 

Nov. 

17. 

William  Henr>% 

Children  of  William  Tinker 

1874- 

Martha  Jane, 

-     bap.  by 

1875- 

1823. 

Sarah  Maria, 

Rev.  S.  Whittlesey. 

1876. 

July 

6. 

Maria, 

Daughter  of  E.  Knox. 

Doc.  Perkins. 


BAPTISMS  ADMINISTERED   BY  THE  PASTOR  OF    THE 
SOUTH   CHURCH   IN   HARTFORD,    IN    OTHER 

CHURCHES. 
1791. 

1877.  Aug'  14.    William  Henry, 

1878.  Tristram, 


1S79.  October       2.    Rachel, 
iSSo.  23.    John, 

1881.  Novem'       6.    Mary  Banks, 

1882.  Deem'         4.    Caty, 

In  1791.  6. 


Sons  of  William  Verstille. 

East  Windsor. 
Daughter    of     Josiah    Ste- 
phens. Glastenbury. 
Son  of  Samuel  Barnard. 

Wethersiield. 
Daughter  of  Jesse  Root 

Hartford.  North. 
Daughter  of    Moses   Good- 
man. Hartford.  West. 


iSS3. 

1792 
Feb'y 

1884. 

1885. 

April 

1886. 

J^iy 

350  History  of  the  Church 


12.    Abigail  Woodbridge,    Daughter  of  Frederic  Lord. 

Hartford.  North. 
26.    Jared,  Son  of  Manoah  Pratt. 

Glastenbury. 
8.    William,  Son  of  Aaron  Warner. 

Wethersfield. 
29.    Sally,  Daughter    of    Hez''    Whet- 

more.  Stepney. 

1887.  Septem'     23,    Benjamin  Seymour,      Son  of  Ben°  Wood. 

Hartford.  North. 

1888.  October     14.    Betsey,  Daughter  of  William  Weare. 

Hartford  North. 

1889.  Decem'      23.    Mahala,  Daughter  of  Samuel  Eggles- 

ton.  Wintonbury. 

1890.  Heppy,      ,  Daughter  of  Stephen  Loomis 

Dec*.  Wintonbury. 

8.  in  1792.     Total  14. 

1793- 

1891.  June        16.       Sarah,  Daitghter  of    Caleb   Wood- 

ward.       Hartford  North. 

1892.  Septem'       i.    Nimbly,  Daughter  of  James  Wads- 

worth.       Hartford  North. 

1893.  Mary,  Daughter   of   Freeman  Kil- 

burn.        Hartford  North. 

1894.  Patty,  Daughter  of  Thomas  Spen- 

cer. Hartford  North. 

1895.  Nabby,  Daughter  of  Oliver  Clap. 

Hartford  North. 
5  in  1793.     Total  19. 
1794. 

1896.  October       5.    Betsey,  Daughter    of    Eliph:    Mur- 

dock.  Windham. 

1897.  21.    George,  Son  of Brainard.     Private  on  account 

of  sickness.     Hartford  North. 
1S98.  Nov'  9.    James,  son  of  Joshua 

Leffingwell, 


1899,  Henry,    j  Children  of  Cath- 

riot.  ( 


Hartford  North. 


1900.  Harriot,  (     erine  McLean, 

5  in  1794.     Total  24. 

1795- 
igoi.  August        9.    Elijah,  Son  of  Samuel  Simons. 

Orford. 

1902.  October     11.    George,  Sou  of  Morley. 

Hartford.  North. 


Appendix  III    '                                   351 

1795- 

1903- 

Novem'' 
1796. 

15- 

Sarah, 

3  in  1793.     Total 

Daughter  of  Samuel  Wells. 
Wethersfield. 
27. 

1904. 

January 

10. 

Emily, 

Daughter  of  Wells. 

Wethersfield. 

1905. 

May 

I. 

Eliza, 

Daughter  of  Dwell  Morgan. 
Hartford  North. 

1906. 

John, 

Son  of  James  Anderson. 

Hartford  North. 

1907. 

August 

14. 

Caty, 

Daughter  of  Nath'  Marsh. 
Hartford  North. 

igo8. 

September  4. 

James, 

Son  of  James  Wells. 

Hartford  North. 

1909. 

Jason, 

Son  of  George  Goodwin. 

Hartford  North. 

1910. 

Charles  Hopkins, 

Son  of  Ashbell  Wells. 

Hartford  North. 

1911. 

Novem' 

27. 

Phebe,                          \ 

Sylvester, 

Elias,                            5 

Children  of  Sylvanus  Tubbs. 

1912. 
1913- 

Farmington. 

10  in  1796.     Total  37. 

1797- 

1914. 

April 

23- 

Mary  Maria, 

Daugh  :  of  Jacob  Latimer'. 
Windsor. 

1915. 

October 

8. 

Talcott,  son  of  John  ' 
Loveman, 

1916. 

1798. 

Sally,   daughter    of 
Wells,           J 
3  in  1797.     Tota 

-  Wethersfield. 
.  40. 

1917 

April 

22. 

Abigail  Porter, 

Daughter  of  Frederic  But- 
ler,                 Wethersfield. 

1918. 

October 

14- 

Luther  Paine, 

Son  of            Sargeant. 

Hartford.  N. 

1919 

Decern' 
1799. 

16. 

Lemira, 

3  in  1798.     Tota 

Daughter  of  Moses  Hills. 

East  Hartford. 
I43. 

1920 

October 

3- 

Norman,      son      of  " 
Ezra  Brainard, 

1 

1                      .     .           , 

1921 

Thankful,  daughter 
of  Joseph  Smith, 

>  East  Hartford,  at  a  Lecture. 

1922 

13 

William, 

Son  of  George  Boardman. 

Wethersfield. 

1923 

Novem' 

3 

Mary  Ann, 

Daughter  of  Jehiel  Roberts. 

Hartford.  North. 


352  History  of  the  Church 

1799. 

1924.  10.    Anne,  daughter  of  ^ 

George  Cowles,  ,        ^     , 

1925.  ■  Marvin,     son      o f  T  ^^^^  ^^^t^^'*^- 

George  Hills,  J 

1926.  17.    Rebecca  Bass,  Daughter  of  Charles  Eddy. 

New  Britain. 
7  in  1799.     Total  50. 
iSoo. 

1927.  January     12.    Asenath  Hart,  Daughter  of  Titus  Goodwin. 

Hartford.  West. 

1928.  May  16.    Sophia,  Daughter  of Johnson. 

Hartford  N.    Private. 
2  in  1800.     Total  52. 
1 801. 


1929. 

February 

9- 

Justin, 

Son  of  William  Flagg. 

East  Hartford.     Private. 

1930. 

April 
1802. 

4- 

Michael, 

Son  of Tucker. 

Hartford  N.    Private. 

1931- 

Feb'y 

7- 

Julia, 

Daughter  of  Henry  Allen. 

Windsor. 

1932. 

April 

II. 

Robert, 

Son  of  Robert  Robbins. 

Wethersfield. 

1933- 

May 

30. 

Jerusha, 

Daughter  of  Timothy  Pitkin. 
East  Hartford. 

1934- 

July 

II. 

Sarah, 

Daughter  of  James  Smith. 
Wethersfield. 

1935- 

October 

24. 

Edward, 

Son  of  Asa  Corning. 

Hartford  North. 

1936. 

Novemb' 

14. 

Luvina,  daughter  of  " 
CoUard  Merrill, 

1937- 

Wm  Woobridge.son 
of  Erastus  Wells, 

■  Hartford.  West. 

1938. 

1803. 

Abigail,      daughter 

of  Lora  Brace, 
10  in  1801  and  1802. 

Total  62. 

1939- 

Jan'-y 

16. 

George, 

Son  of  George  Taylor. 

East  Hartford. 

1940.  August      14.    Leonard  Raymond,       Son  of  Levi  Smith. 

East  Hartford. 

1941.  Azor,  Son  of  Eli  Roberts. 

East  Hartford. 
3  in  1803.    Total  65. 
1804. 

1942.  May  13.    Jerusha,  Daughter  of  Jabez  Clark. 

Windham. 


Appendix  III 

353 

iSo4. 

1943- 

1805. 

20. 

John, 

Son  of  Daniel  Buckland. 

East  Hartford. 

19+4- 

April 

28. 

Israel, 

Son  of  Benjamin  Elsworth. 
East  Windsor,  North. 

1945- 

June 

23- 

Lucy, 

)  Twin    Daughters   of    Fred- 
)      eric  Fox.            Eastbury.* 

1946. 

Ltira, 

1947- 

30. 

Austin,  son  of  Ozias 

Williams. 

1948. 

Aurena,  daughter  of  Moses  Forbes. 

-  E.   Hartford. 

1949- 

Sophia,  daughter  of  Martin  Hills. 

I950. 

Betsey,  daughter  of 

Cadwell. 

I95I- 

October 
1S06. 

13- 

Roswel  Wadsworth, 

Son  of  Roswell  Francis. 

West  Hartford. 

1952. 

April 

20. 

Stephen, 

Son    of    Stephen    Willard, 
Jun^     Wethersfield. 

1953- 

August 

3- 

Anson  Hartshome, 

Son  of  Taylor. 

Hartford,  North. 

1954- 

1S07. 

10. 

Josiah  Griswold, 

Son  of  Tim"  Olmstead,  Jun^ 
Hartford.     West. 

1955- 

June 

21. 

Horace, 

Son  of  Ozias 

Williams. 

East  Hartford. 

1956.  October      11.    Mary,  daughter  of  Curtis  Crane.     1 

1957.  Ebenezer,   son  of    Ebenezer   Stil-   V  Wethersfield. 

man.  J 

1809. 

1958.  January       8.    William,  son  of  Thomas  Bull.  ) 

1959.  Adrian  Russell ,  son  of  Nath' Terry,  f 

Daughter  of   Latimer. 

Wethersfield. 


i960.  April  9.  Nanc}^  Riley, 

1961.  October  29.  Peter  Deming, 

1962.  Jane, 

1811. 

1963.  March  13.  Lucy  Wells, 

1964.  June  9.  Sarah  Ann, 

1965.  August  iS.  Otis, 

1966.  October  13.  Laurana, 


1812. 
1967.  August 


9.    Sarah  Anne, 


*  Glastonbury,  "East  Farms." 
23 


Son  of  George  Stilman. 

AVethersfield. 

Daughter   of    Thomas   My- 

gatt.  Wethersfield. 

Daughter   of    R.    Doolittle. 

Hartford.  North.  Private. 

Daughter  of  Sam  P.  Crane. 

East  Windsor.  North. 

Son  of  George  Stillman. 

Wethersfield. 
Daughter  of  Asa  Wilcox. 

Farmington. 

Daughter  of  Ira  Webster. 
West  Hartford. 


354 


History  of  the  Church 


1812. 

I96S. 

October 

2. 

Roxana  Freeman, 

1969. 

John  Barzillai, 

1970. 

16. 

Gushing  Allen, 

I97I. 

18. 

Harvey  Bancroft, 

1972. 

Nov'' 
1813. 

15- 

Emily, 

1973- 

May 

16. 

Edwin    Henry,     s 

Daughter  of  John  Spencer. 

Hartford.    N. 
Son  of  Barzillai  Russell. 

Hartford.    N. 
Son  of  Morse.  Private. 

Hartford.    N. 
Son  of  Daniel  Allen. 

East  Windsor.  North. 

Daughter  of  Brewer. 

East  Hartford. 


Merrill. 

1974.  Nehemiah    Alexander,  son    of  Jo- 

seph Colton. 

1975.  July  iS.    Thaddeus  Wright,  an  Adult. 

1976.  Southworth,    son  of  Thaddeus 

Wright. 
1977-  Mary  Olivy,  daughter  of  John  O. 


Slater. 

I97S. 

July 

18. 

Mary  Ann, 

1979. 

1S14. 

Edwards, 

1980. 

July 

9. 

William  Case, 

I98I. 

Levi  Hubbard, 

1982. 

Jerusha  Parmela, 

1983. 

Orin, 

1984. 

Sept^ 

18. 

Mary  Lucy, 

1985. 

Russel  Chester, 

1986. 

1815. 

James, 

T987. 

February 

20. 

Mary  Strong, 

I9S8. 

July 

9. 

Walter,  son  of  Jc 

1989. 

Martin    Osborne, 

W.  Hartford. 


Orford.* 


1990.  Ocf  15. 

1816. 

1991.  Sepf  8. 


\  Children  of  George  Case. 
f  Orford. 

Adult.  Wintonbury.f 

Adult.  Do. 

Daughter  of  David  Filley. 

Wintonbury. 

Son    of    Benjamin    Brown, 

Jun''  Wintonbury. 

Daughter  of  Thomas  Shep- 

ard,  Jun^        Wintonbury. 

Son  of  Perry. 

Wintonbury. 
Son  of  Orin  Eggleston. 

Wintonbury. 

Daughter    of     Sheldon   W. 
Candee.   Private. 

Hartford.    N. 

Judson.  1 

m    of    Martin   V  E.  Hartford. 

Hills.  J 

Sarah,  daughter  of  Timothy  Dem- 

ing.  East  Hartfoi'd. 


Asahel, 


*  Now  Manchester. 


Son  of  Asahel  Porter.     East  Hartford. 

+  Now  Bloomfield. 


Appendix  III 


355 


1S17. 
1992.   Sep. 

1993- 

1994.  October 

1995- 
1996. 

1997. 

199S. 

1999.  Nov. 
2000. 
2001. 
2002.  Dec. 


2003. 
2004. 
2005. 

2006. 

181S. 
2007.  August 

1819. 
200S.   Feb. 


2009.  April 

2010.  July 

1820. 

201 1.  April 

2012.  July 
2013. 
2014. 
2015. 

2016.  August 

1S23. 

2017.  Aug. 
201S. 
2019. 


21.    Henry  Austin,  son  of  Toel  Porter.  /    ^,     ^     , 

TT  t  ^  en  f   Glastenbury. 

Henry,  son  01  James  Sellew.  ) 

3.    Gertrude    Richards,    daughter    of  ^ 

Ralph  May. 

Edmund,  son  of  Roderic  Terry. 

William    Williams,    son  of  Caleb 

Goodwin. 

Mary  Catherine,  daughter  of  John 

Beach,  Jun. 

Elizabeth  Goodman,  daughter    of 

Lynde  Olmsted. 

9.    Emily,  daughter  of  Hez.  Goodwin. 

Paulina,    )  Grand  children  of  

Edward,   S    Bidwell. 

5.    Henry  Edmons,  Son  of  Eli  Ely. 

Hartford.  North. 

126. 

5.    Rcsella,    )  Twin  children  of  John 

Barzillai,  S    Spencer. 

Elizabeth,     daughter     of     George   (■ 

Goodwin,  Jun.  I 

George,  son  of  Peter  Thatcher.         j 


Hartford. 
North. 


\-  E.  Hartford. 


Hartford. 
North. 


9.    Sarah  Minerva, 
22.    Albert  Deodat, 

29.     Lucius  Hamlet, 
18.    John  Marsh, 

2.    William  Dwight, 

16.     Mercy, 

Ira, 

Eber, 

Levi, 
20.    Francis  Charles, 


daughter     of    Jon°     Balch, 
Jun.  West  Hartford. 

Son  of  Deodat  Taylor.  Pri- 
vate.    Sick. 

Hartford.   North. 
Son   of  Rev.    Joy  H.   Fair- 
child.  East  Hartford. 
Son  of  William  Watson. 

Hartford.    North. 

Son  of  E.  Beamont. 

East  Hartford. 

Children  of  Mark  Gridle}'. 
West  Hartford. 

Son  of  Solomon  Smith.  Pri- 
vate.       Hartford.    North. 


3.    James  Emmons,  son  of  T.  E.  Clark. 

Julian,  son  of  Wm.  W^illiams.  i   Tjtica 

Charles  Huntington,    Son  of  1 

Doolittle.  J 

Total  143. 


2020. 
202I. 

1 791 

April 
May 

2022. 

June 

2023. 

Sept' 

2024. 
2025. 

Ocr 

2026. 

Nov 

356  History  of  the  Chii7-ch 

MARRIAGES. 

27.    Angress  Martin.  Albany,  to  Dolly  vStanley.  Hartford. 

II.  Peleg  Symmes.  Hartford.  Elizabeth  Brewster. 
Hartford. 

10.  James  Newell.  Hartford.  Helen  McClean.  Hart- 
ford. 

18.  William  Emmerson.  Vermont.  Mitty  Drake.  Hart- 
ford. 

Roswell  Stanley.  Hartford.   Annie  NicoU.  Hartford. 
27.     Eli  Bliss.  "  Hannah  Bradley.    Hart- 

ford. 
8.     Robert     Wood.      East     Windsor.      Wido.     Sarah 

Tucker.  Hartford. 
24.    Phinehas     Shephard.    Hartford.     ]\Iary    Webster. 

Hartford. 
8.    Benjamin     Skinner.     Hartford.    Abigail    Spencer. 
Hartford. 

Total  1791,  9. 

19.  Freeman  Ensign.  Hartford,  to  Mary  Ann  Brace. 
Hartford. 

5.     Timothy  Wells.  Wethersfield,  to  Abigail  Andruss. 
Hartford. 

2031.  Jonathan  Steele.  Hartford,  to  Wido.   Ester  HoUis- 

ter.  Glastenbury. 

2032.  August       16.    Elias  Morgan.  Hartford.    Lavinia  Bull.  Hartford. 

2033.  26.    Allen   Cotton.    East  Hartford.     Elizabeth   Weare. 

Hartford. 

2034.  Novem''      14.     Giff  Johnson.  Middletown.  Phebe  Ovid.   Hartford. 

2035.  15.    Jared  Wells.  Hartford.    Abigail  Bunce.  " 

1792  —  7.     Total  16. 

1793- 

2036.  January     23.    Isaac  Dickinson.  Hartford,  to  Wido.  Sarah  Wyman. 

Hartford. 

2037.  Febrary     10.     Daniel    Sheldon.    Windsor,   Ver'.    Eunice    Steele. 

Hartford. 
203S.   Decern'       14.    James  Spencer.   Hartford,  to  Betsey  Nancy  Tryon. 
Hartford. 

1793  —  3-     Total  19. 
1794. 

2039.  January       i.    Robert  Boston.  Hartford,  to  Mary  Faro.  Hartford. 

2040.  April  24.     Ithamar  Colton.    Hartford.    W,  to  Miriam  Benton. 

Hartford. 

2041.  May  5.     John  Hull.  Hartford.  Abigail  Forbes.  Do. 

2042.  18.    James  Bigelow.     Hartford.    Anne  Spencer.  Do. 

2043.  25.    Josiah  Brewster.        "  Diadema  Swaddle.  Do. 


2028. 

Dec 

1792. 

2029. 

Jan'y 

2030. 

Feb'y 

Appendix  IIP 


357 


1794. 

2044.   July 


13- 


2045.  August      31. 

2046.  September  r. 

2047.  16. 

2048. 

2049.  October      12. 

2050.  19. 

2051.  20. 

2052.  November2o. 

2053.  23. 

2054.  December  7. 


205  5- 
2056. 

II. 
14. 

2057- 

1795- 

18. 

2058. 

January 

4- 

2059. 

29. 

2060. 

February 

19. 

2061. 

March 

iS. 

2062. 

March 

26. 

2063. 

May 

5- 

2064. 

14. 

2065. 

August 

9- 

2066. 

2067. 

26. 

2068. 

Sep^ 

17- 

2069. 

20. 

2070. 

October 

I. 

2071. 

4- 

2072. 

Novem'' 

8. 

2073. 

1796. 

29. 

2074. 

Jan'-y 

3- 

I.ewis    McCHntock.    Negro.     Hartford.     Susannah 
Freeman.  Do. 

Samuel  Nevins.  Hartford.  Eliza  Seymour. 

Michael  Chenevard.    Hartford.    Martha  Bull.    Do. 

John  Purchase.    Negro.      "        Lydia   Boston.    Ne- 
gro. Do. 

Joseph    Clap.     Northampton.    Jerusha    Shephard. 
Hartford. 

Fortune.  Negro.    Hartford.   Hannah  Peter.  Negro. 
Hartford. 

Jonathan  Root.  Hartford.  Sophia  Stanley.  Hartford. 

John  Johnson.  Wilmington.  Sabra  Andruss. 

John  Chenevard,  Ju^  Hartford.  Mary  Juliana  Sey- 
mour. Do. 

Walter   Buddington.    Hartford.     Elizabeth    Wood- 
bridge.  East  Hartford. 

Nath'  Miller,  Jun^  Middletown.  Wido:  Eliz"'  Bunce. 
Hartford. 

Samuel  Day.  Hartford.  Polly  Brewster.  Hartford. 

John  Dodd,  Jmr.    "  Esther  Pratt. 

Amos  Thompson.  "  Eunice  Benton. 

19  in  1794.     Total  38. 

Solomon  Ventris.  Negro.     Tamar  Loomis.  Negro. 

Afred  Janes.  Hartford.    Polly  Warren.  Hartford. 

Jonas  Sloan.  "  Betsey  Chappel. 

John  Spencer.         "  Polly  Adams. 

Jason    Jerome.     Wintonbury.    Wealthan      Bissell. 

Wintonbury. 
Prentiss  Mellen.  Biddeford.  Sally  Hudson.  Hartford. 
John  Packard.  Hartford.     Annie  Wilson.         " 
Stephen  Collins.     Do.  Ruth  Smith. 

Jonathan  Crosby.  Do.  Polly  Burt. 

John  Louis.  Do.  Betsey  Paxman. 

John  Hempstead.  Do.  Nabby  Graham.      " 

Jonathan   Allen.   Rehoboth.     Betsey  Allen.  Reho- 

both. 
Simon  Hoffman.  Hartford.  Chloe  Bunce.  Hartford. 
Richard  Fortune.  Stepney.  Tamar  Boston. 
Oliver  Terry.     Hartford.  Prudence  Benton.     " 
WiUiam  Wetmore.  "  Anne  Ogden. 

16  in  1795.     Total  54. 

John  Watson.   Hartford.  Wid:  Sally  Bunce.   Hart 
ford. 


History  of  the  Church 


lo.    Nathaniel    Bacon.    Woodbury.     Rebecca    Strong. 

Hartford. 
i8.    Rev''  Noah  Benedict.  Woodbury,  wid:  Nabby  Shel- 
don. Hartford. 
24.    Jonathan   Bigelow.    Hartford.    Ruth  Steele.    Hart- 
ford. 
31.     Ezra  Pratt.   Hartford.    Eunice  HoUister.  Hartford. 

Samuel  Smith.  Do.    Jane  Aikens 
10.    Barnabas  Swift.  Do.    Cinthia  Wheeler.  " 

2.    Edmund   Deming.    Hebron,   wid.    Bethia  Nichols. 
Hartford. 
Augustus   Porter.    Salisbury.    Levina  Steel.   Hart- 
ford. 
29.    William  Carter.    Hartford.    Delia  Cadwell.    Hart- 
ford. 
29.    William  Taylor.  Pokeepsie.  Levina  Cadwell.  Hart- 
ford. 
Abiel  Thompson.  Hartford.  Sally  Kneeland.  Hart- 
ford. 
10.    Charles  Olcott.  "  Polly  Stedman.    Ber- 

lin. 
24.    Aaron  Alford.  "  Bathsheba  Hammock. 

Hartford. 
208S.  Atigust       25.    James  Lamb.  "  Wid:    Prudence  Lee. 

Hartford. 
20S9.  October       2.    John  Starr.  New  London.     Eunice  Burr.  Hartford. 

2090.  4.    Stephen  Strong.  Torringford.     Betsey  Bunce.   " 

2091.  Novem''      20.    Ebenezer   Tucker.    Hartford.     Betsey  Humphrey. 

Hartford. 

2092.  Decem""        9.    Daniel    Winship.    Hartford.     Ruth    Brainthwaite. 

Hartford. 

2093.  22.    Frederic  Steele.  "        Huldah  Webster. Hart- 

ford. 

20  m  1796.     Total  74. 

1797- 

2094.  May  II.    Ashbel   Spencer,    Ju^^    Hartford.     Polly    Marsh. 

Hartford. 

2095.  18.    Nathaniel  Seymour.  Hartford.    Anne  Camp.    Hart- 

ford. 

2096.  28.    John  Porter.  Hartford.     Ruth  Tryon.  Hartford. 

2097.  June  4.    William    Pierce.     Hartford.    Mary    Potter.    Hart- 

ford. 

2098.  1 8.    Chauncey  Benton.  Hartford.  Betsey  Bidwell.  Hart- 

ford. 

2099.  J^%  4-    Joshua  Miller.  Hartford.     Sally  Cook.  Hartford. 


358 

1796. 

2075. 

2076. 

2077- 

2078. 

2079. 

2080. 

March 

2081. 

April 

2082. 

20S3. 

May 

2084. 

May 

2085. 

2086. 

July 

20S7. 

Appendix  III 


359 


1797- 
2IOO.  August      28. 


2 10 1. 


31- 


2102.  Noveni''  11. 

2103.  19. 

2104.  26. 

2105.  Dec'  20. 

2106.  December  28. 

1798. 

2107.  January  4. 

210S.  23. 

2109.  March  11. 


2II0. 

April 

iS. 

2III. 

25- 

2II2. 

May 

15- 

2II3. 

20. 

2II4. 

24. 

2II5. 

June 

II. 

2II6. 

19. 

2II7. 

Septem'' 

9- 

2II8. 

13- 

2II9. 

30. 

2120. 

November  i. 

1799. 

2122.  April  14. 

2123.  21. 


JosiahCapen.  Hartford.  Betsey  Wadsworth.  Hart- 
ford. 

Joel  W.  Bliss.  Hartford.  Luc}'  Hitchcock.  .Spring- 
field. 

Ebenezer  Warner.  Hartford.  Sail}'  Pierce.  Glasten- 
bury. 

Herman  Way.  Windsor.  Heppy  Groton.  East 
Haven.     Negroes. 

John  Cook.  Hartford,  wid:  Thankful  Coon.  Hart- 
ford. 

William  Marks.  Hartford.     Mary  Lamb.  Hartford. 

Moses  Burr.  Hartford.  Lois  Barnard.  Hartford. 
13  in  1797.     Total  87. 

Joseph  Hanson.  Hartford.  Rhoda  Williams.  Hart- 
ford. 

Benjamin  Flagg.         "  Hopey  Brewster.  Hart- 

ford. 

Joseph  H.  Aiken.       "  Peggy      Brainthwaite. 

Hartford. 

Cyprian  Nichol.  "  Mary  Sooter.  Hartford. 

Elijah  Terry.  "  Lucy   Seymour.   Hart- 

ford. 

John  Root.  Esq'.  Granbjr.  Christian  iNIerrill.  Hart- 
ford. 

Samuel  Driggs.  Hartford.     Caty  Turner.  Hartford. 

John  Robbins.  "  Sally    Seymour.    Hart- 

ford. 

Joshua  P.  Burnham.  "  Sally   Williams.    Hart- 

ford. 

William  Camp.  "  wid:      Bede      Wheeler. 

Hartford. 

Noadiah  Russell.  Thompson.  Nabby  Church. 
Hartford. 

Erastus  Wells.  Hartford.  Nabby  Benton.  Hart- 
ford. 

John  Johnson.  Do.  Rose    Phillips.     Hart- 

ford.    Negros. 

Elisha  Robbins.  "  Lucy  Butler.  Wethers- 

field. 

James  Church.  "  Marj^  Wadsworth. 

Hartford. 
15  in  179S.      Total  102. 

Thomas  Hale.   Hartford.     Polly  Steele.  Hartford. 
Russell  Bunce.  "  Lucinda  ]\Iarvin.    " 


360  History  of  the  Church 

1799. 

2124.  May  19.    William  Bradley.  Hartford.  Lydia  Chapman.  Hart- 

ford. 

2125.  Jmie  13.    John  Barnard,  Jun''  Hartford.  Sally  Robbins.  Hart- 

ford. 

2126.  20.    Daniel  Avery.  Aurora  N.  Y.     Abigail  Smith.  Hart- 

2127.  August       II.    Charles    Lewis.    Southington.    to    Sally    Crocker. 

Hartford. 

2128.  14.    William   Allynson.    Hartford.      Lovisa   Reed.    E. 

Windsor. 

2129.  October      13.    David  Taylor.  Hartford.      Elizabeth  Bunce.  Hart- 

ford. 

2130.  26.    Ichabod  Plumb.    Cheshire.      Catharine   Hinsdale. 

Hartford. 

2131.  31.    Jared    Andrews.    Wethersfield.     Laura    HolHster. 

Hartford. 

2132.  November  28.    William  Davey.  Hartford.  Clarissa  Warner.   Hart- 

ford. 

2133.  December  22.    Nathaniel    Hooker.    Hartford.      Rachel   Babcock. 

Hartford. 

12  in  1799.     Total  114. 
iSoo. 

2134.  January.      i.    William    Whitman.    Hartford.    M"    Lucy   Beach. 

Hartford. 

2135.  February  16.    John  Johnson.  Hartford.  Sylvia  Alford.  Hartfoi'd. 

Negroes. 

2136.  20.    Russell  Forbes.  East  Hartford.  Thankful  Deming. 

East  Hartford. 

2137.  March  2.     Henry  Dwier.   Hartford.     Eliza  Marsh.   Hartford. 

2138.  9.    Joshua  Flint.    Wethersfield.    Huldah   Bull.    Litch- 

field. 

2139.  30.    Thaddeus  Gates.  Hartford.     Sally  Case.  Hartford. 

2140.  April  13.    Mason   Fitch   Cogswell.    Hartford.      Mary   Austin 

Ledyard.  Hartford. 

2141.  May  II.    William  Hoskins.  Hartford.     Abigail  Kelsey.  Wind- 

sor. 

2142.  August        3.    Andrew    Corning.     Wethersfield.       ]\Iary    White. 

Hartford. 

2143.  John  Hooker.    Hartford.     Betsey  Wheaton.  Hart- 

ford. 

2144.  Septem""     14.    George    Benton.    Hartford.     Mitty    Steele.    Hart- 

ford. 

2145.  18.    Daniel   Andruss.    Hartford.      Anne  Pierce.  Hart- 

ford. 

2146.  25.    John  Cook,  Jim''  Hartford.     Nancy  Steele.  Hart- 

ford. 


Appendix  III 


361 


1800. 

2147. 

October 

5- 

2148. 

S. 

2149. 

20. 

2150. 

Novem"' 

9- 

2I5I. 

Decern'' 

9- 

2152. 

1801. 

10. 

2153- 

June 

3- 

2154. 

18. 

2155- 

J"iy 

26. 

2156. 

2157- 

ISep^ 

22. 

2158. 

28. 

2159. 

29 

2160. 

Ocf 

22. 

2161. 

Nov'' 

I. 

2162. 

4- 

2163. 

26. 

2164. 

2165. 

Decern'' 
1802. 

27. 

2166. 

January 

II. 

2167. 

21. 

2168. 

Felyy 

4. 

2169. 

April 

12. 

2170. 

May 

30. 

2171. 

June 

13- 

Jacob  Chapman.  Hartford.  Chloe  Andrews- 
Wethers  field. 

Ezra  Corning.  Hartford.  Wid;  Hannah  Benton. 
Hartford. 

John  Jones.  Coventry,  wid:  Mary  Elias.  Hart- 
ford. 

Elijah  Kentfield.  Middletown.  Charlotte  Chap- 
man. Hartford. 

Lewis  Terry.  Hartford.  Nabby  Seymour.  Hart- 
ford. 

Samuel  Clark,  Jun^    "  Polly  Buckland.    Hart- 

ford. 
19  in  1800.     Total  133. 

Luther  Burt.    Hartford.      Sally  Adams.   Hartford. 

Zelotes  Athington.  Bolton.     Lydia  Simons.     " 

Joel  Huntington.  Hartford.  Mary  Bingham.   " 

Abiel  Brown.  Providence.      Lucy  Taj'lor.        " 

Timothy  P.  Perkins.  Hartford.  Jerusha  Benton. 
Hartford. 

George  Taylor.  Hartford.     Sally  Cone.   Hartford. 

Amos  Bull.  "  Clarissa  Tryon.     " 

Michael  Burnham.  New  York.  Betsey  Seymour. 
Hartford. 

Thomas  Hopkins.  Hartford.  Ehzabeth  Bull.  Hart- 
ford. 

Cyrus  Whitney.  Boston.  Amelia  HoUister.  Hart- 
ford. 

Nathaniel  Lamson.  Woodbury.  Mary^  Adams. 
Litchfield. 

Nathaniel  Andruss.  Hartford.  Mary  Seymour. 
Hartford. 

John  Russ.  Hartford.     Sally  Dodd.  Hartford. 
13  in  1 80 1.     Total  146. 

John  Barnard.  Hartford.  Wid :  I^Lartha  Stanley., 
Hartford. 

Larnerd  Dean.  Plainfield.  Rhoda  Marks.  Hartford. 

Chauncey  Barnard.  Hartford.  Betsey  Andruss. 
Hartford. 

David  Atherton.  Coventry.  Elizabeth  Hildrup. 
Hartford. 

Edward  Butler.  Wethersfield.  Sally  Owen.  Hart- 
ford. 

John  Stavely.  Hartford.  Wid  :  Lucy  Cable.  Hart- 
ford. 


362  History  of  the  Church 


2172.  20.    Nathaniel    White.     Hadley.      Rebecca     Shephard. 

Hartford. 

2173.  Sep''  5.    Ransom  Halse3^  Hartford.  Chloe  Foster.  Hartford. 

Negroes. 

2174.  Nath'  St  Skinner.  Albany.  Jane  Sej^mour.        " 

2175.  12.    Richard  C.  Skinner.    New  York.    Mary  Whitman. 

Hartford. 

2176.  October      24.     Stephen  Camp.  Hartford.  Heppy  Webster.  Hart- 

ford. 

2177.  November24.    Lebbeus  P.  Tinker.   Bolton.  Anne  White.        " 
217S.  December  30.    Howel  Holmes.  Wethersfield.  Sally.  Carter.     " 

13  in  1802.     Total  159. 
1803. 

2179.  January     23.    George  Cook.  Hartford.  Phebe  Rogers.  Hartford. 

2180.  24.    Joshua  Cone.         "  Nancy  Fay. 
21S1.  March          6.    Joseph  Jenkins.     "           Julia  Tucker. 

2182.  April  iS.    Chester  Parsons.   Hudson.  Phebe  Turner.       " 

2183.  May  22.    David  Watkinson.  Hartford.  Olivia  Hudson.  " 

2184.  June  iS.    John  Morrison.  Charleston.  S,  C.  Philena Chapman. 

Hartford. 

2185.  19.     Caleb  Galpin.  Berlin.  Betsey  McLean.  Hartford. 

2186.  July  17.     Lewis    Skank.    Hartford.   Tamar    Flag.    Negroes. 

Hartford. 

2187.  August        4.    Jonathan  Hartshorne.  Hartford.     Nabby  Humph- 

rey. Hartford. 

2188.  September  4.    William    Greenleaf.     Hartford.      Mary    Williams. 

Hartford. 

2189.  8.    James  Ward.  Hartford.  Ruthy  Butler.   Hartford. 

2190.  Novem""      20.    James  Benton.       "  Eunice  Stanley.  " 

2191.  Decern"'        4.    Freeman   Shepard.    Hartford,   to  Betsey  Warren. 

Hartford. 

13  in  1803.     Total  172. 
1S04. 

2192.  Jan'-y  I.    Seth  Hills.    East  Hartford.    Mary  Bigelow.     Hart- 

ford. 

2193.  2.    Wilham  Barrett.   Hartford.  Mary  Judd.   Hartford. 

2194.  8.    Benjamin  Holland.      "  Sally  Johns.  " 

2195.  April  22.    Horace  Burr.  "  Elizabeth       Hinsdale. 

Hartford. 

2196.  May  23.    Charles     Johnson.     Hartford.       Bethany    Cotton. 

Negroes.  Hartford. 

2197.  27.     Luther  Peck.  Hartford.   Patty  Steele.  Hartford. 

2198.  June  7.    William  Bishop.      "  Betsey  Steele. 

2199.  Asher    Adams.    Charlestown.      Catharin^    Bissell. 

Hartford. 

2200.  17.     Henry  Seymour.  Hartford.    Jane  EUery.  Hartford. 


Appendix  III  363 

1804. 

2201.  July  12.    George  Peton.  Hartford.  Phebe  Edwards.  Negroes. 

Hartford. 

2202.  George   Clarke.    Hartford.   Charlotte  Warren.  Ne- 

groes. Hartford. 

2203.  29.     Elihti  Harrison.  Hartford.  Wid;  Ruth  Perry.  Chat- 

ham. 

2204.  October        7.    Young.  Windsor.     Polly  Mize.  Hartford. 

2205.  Nov''  S.    Zared  Eaton.  Hartford.  Mary  Dyer. 

2206.  II.    Nahum  Cutler.    Guilford.    Ver'.     Patty    Robbins. 

Hartford. 

2207.  15.    Jonathan  Hancock.  Hart''.  Patty  Storer.  Hartford. 
220S.  George  Corning.  Hartford.  Hannah  Benton.  Hart- 
ford. 

2209.  Ezra  Parsons.   Hartford.    Nancy  Carter.  Hartford. 

2210.  20.    Donald  McLean.     "  Harriet  May.  " 

2211.  25.    Harris  Sage.     New  York.      Sally  Seymour.     " 

20  in  1804.     Total  192. 
1S05. 

2212.  January     31.    Elijah  Hill.  Hartford.   Lucretia  Riley.  Hartford. 

2213.  February  17.    Zethan    Bunnell.     Hartford.    Jerusha  Hutchinson. 

Hartford. 

2214.  March         16.    Andrew  Cook.  Hartford.   Betsey  Mix.  Hartford. 

2215.  June  2.    Samuel  Camp.  Hartford.  Tabitha  Seymour.  Hart- 

ford. 

2216.  16.    Isaac    Jones.    Hartford.    Wid:    Anne    Bowerman. 

Norwich. 

2217.  July  21.    David    Gay.    Thompson.    Wid:    Esther    Warren. 

Hartford. 
221S.  Septem"'      22.    Christopher  Saunders.  Hartford.  Wid  :  Mary  Day. 
Hartford. 

2219.  October       9.    Hezekiah  Wadsworth.  Hartford.  Clarissa  Eldridge. 

Hartford. 

2220.  William    Maloy.    Hartford.    Jerusha    Wadsworth. 

Hartford. 

2221.  November2S.     Ira  Wadsworth.   Hartford.    Helen  McCarty.   Hart- 

ford. 

2222.  December 25.    Samuel  Elmer.   East  Windsor.  Wid:  Dolly  Hurd. 

East  Windsor. 

II  in  1805.     Total  203. 
1806. 

2223.  January     21.    Joel  Pomeroy.  Canaan.  Elizabeth  Carey.  Hartford. 

2224.  26.    William  Merit.  Litchfield.  Anne  White. 

2225.  30.    Thomas  W.  Talmadge.   Poughkeepsie.   Polly  Skin- 

ner. Hartford. 

2226.  February  16.    Alfred.  Ely.  Hartford.  Nancy  Hinsdale.  Hartford. 

2227.  March  2.     Ezra  Corning,  Jun^  Hartford.  Mary  Barnard.  Hart- 

ford. 


364  History  of  the  Chu7'ch 

1806. 

2228.  g.    John  Kelsey.  East  Hartford.  Mary  Weeden.  Hart- 

ford. 

2229.  24.    Noah  W.  Gomer.   Wethersfield.   EUzabeth  Murray. 

Boston.     Negroes. 

2230.  April  23.    Roderic  Cook.  Hartford.  Sally  Day.  Hartford. 

2231.  May  22.    Roswell  Carter.       "         Hannah   Clark.    Wethers- 

field. 

2232.  28.    Francis   Stilman.   Wethersfield.    Harriet   Robbins. 

Ditto. 

2233.  August       17.    Joseph     Edwards.     Watertown.     Wid  :      Susanna 

Blagge.  Hartford. 

2234.  September  i.    WiUiam  Dexter.  Hartford.  Wid  :  Wealthan  Jerome. 

Hartford. 

2235.  Sep''  7.    Isaac  Perkins.  Esq".  Hartford.  Betsey  Belden.  Hart- 

ford. 

2236.  James  Butler.  East  Hartford.  Wid  :  Anne  Seymour. 

Hartford. 

2237.  14.    John  Brace.  Hartford.  Rachel  Special.  Hartford. 

2238.  18.    Nevi  Norton.         "  Sally  Pratt. 

2239.  October       4.    Simeon  Hovey.     "         Wid:  Mary   Barrett.    Hart- 

ford. 

2240.  9.    Asahel   Keney.  Hartford.  Theda  Woodruff.   Farm- 

ington. 

2241.  Novem""      22.    Richard  Dowzick.  Lyme.  Lucy  Judd.  Hartford. 

19  in  1806.     Total  222. 

19.    Rev.    Amos    Bassett.     Hebron.     Eunice  Pomery. 

Hartford. 
24.    Burrage    B.     Dimock.    Hartford.     Hannah    Pratt. 

Hartford. 
17.    Nathan  Porter.    East   Hartford.  Wid  :   Mary  War- 
ner. Hartford. 
21.    Henry  A.  Warner.  Hartford.  Wid  :  Elizabeth  War- 
ner. Hartford. 
7.    Joseph   Dee.    Hartford.    Sabra   Foster.      Negroes. 
Hartford. 
2247.  August       10.    Joseph   Grist.    Hartford.    Hetty   Flannigen.   Hart- 
ford. 
224S.   Sepf  10.    Selden   Bailey.   East   Haddam.   Susannah  Church. 

Hartford. 

2249.  13.    Ledyard  Seymour.   Hartford.   Wid  :   Hannah   Ber- 

kenhead.  Hartford. 

2250.  23.    Rev.  Oliver  Wetmore.   Trenton.  N.  Y.   Chloe  Ben- 

ton. Hartford. 

2251.  October       4.    Byron   Allen.    Hartford.    Clara   Harris.     Negroes. 

Hartford. 


1807, 

2242. 

Jan'-y 

2243. 

May 

2244. 

June 

2245. 

2246. 

July 

Appendix  III  365 

1807. 

2252.  iS.     Nathaniel    Webb.     Hartford.     Harriet     Seymour. 

Hartford. 

2253.  25.    Thomas  Huntington,  Jr.   Hartford.   Mary  N.   Bur- 

bidge.  Hartford. 

2254.  Novem"'      22.    William  Brown.  Hartford.  Margaret  Primus.     Ne- 

groes.    Hartford. 

2255.  26.    Stephen    Roberts.    Hartford.    Wid.    Anne    Bodge. 

Hartford. 

14.  in  1S07.     Total  236. 
iSoS. 

2256.  January       i.    Richard  Drake.  Hartford.  Hannah  Cook.  Hartford. 

2257.  3.    Samuel  Wadsworth.  New  Haven.  Catharine  Wads- 

worth.  Hartford. 
225S.   February  25.    Elijah   Keeney.    East    Hartford.    Lydia    Huntley. 
Norwich. 

2259.  April  10.    James   Boston.   Hartford.    Betsey  Carrison.   Hart- 

ford. 

2260.  13.     Ephraim   Grant.    Esq^    Tolland.    Sally    Babcock. 

Hartford. 
2261!  David  Smith.  Hartford.  Sally  Conley.  Hartford. 

2262.  21.    Barzillai   Deming.    New  York.    Hannah  Robbins. 

Hartford. 

2263.  May  8.    Frederic  Lothrop.  Hartford.  Martha  Benton.  Hart- 

ford. 

2264.  22.    Samuel  Skinner.  Bolton.  Percy  Adams.  Hartford. 

2265.  July  3.    Eber  Ward.  Middletown.  Sally  Cable. 

2266.  SeptemberiS.    John  Clapp.  Hartford.  Anne  Wells.  " 

2267.  25.     Barnabas  Chipman.  Hartford.  Wid:  Abigail  Beck- 

with.  Hartford. 

2268.  October     24.    James  Nichols.  Hartford.  Betsey  Buckland.    Hart- 

ford. 

2269.  November  i.     WilHam  Pomeroy.  Hartford.  Sarah  Seymour.  Hart- 

ford. 

2270.  3.    Thomas    Steele.    Hartford.    Wid:    Olive    Rogers. 

Hartford. 

2271.  6.     Heman   Bunce.    Hartford.    Ehzabeth    Wadsworth. 

Hartford. 

2272.  23.    Benjamin  Meachum.  Hartford.  Lury  Gains.  Hart- 

ford. 

2273.  24.    Jedidiah  Hovey.  Hartford.  Philura  Seymour.  Hart- 

ford. 

1 5.  in  1808      Total  254. 
iSog. 

2274.  February    9.     Edward  Rash.  Hartford.  Mary  Frazier.  Hartford. 

2275.  March        30.    Joseph  Brown,  Jun^  Windsor.  Catharine  Seymour. 

Hartford. 


366  History  of  the  Church 

1809. 

2276.  April  9.    Thomas   J.    Hall.   Wallingfoi-d.  Ann   Jones.   Hart- 

ford. 

2277.  May  14.    William  Dodd.   Hartford.   Heppy  Seymour.   Hart- 

ford. 

2278.  June  4.    Abner  Jones.  Hartford.  Nancy  Burr.  Hartford. 

2279.  August      27.    John    Brown.    Boston.    Wid  :    Charlotte  Canfield. 

Hartford. 
22S0.  31.    George  "Williams.  Middletown.  Mercy  F.  Johnson. 

Hartford. 
2281.  Septemberii.    Ira  Webster.  Hartford.  Ann  L.  Francis.  Hartford. 

2252.  13.    Robert     Wells     Warner.     Wethersfield.      Harriet 

Wright.  Wethersfield. 

2253.  20.    Elisha  Smith.  Pittsfield.  Jerusha  K.  Seymour.  Hart- 

ford. 

2284.  24.    Eli  Wadsworth.  Hartford.  Laura  Boardman.  Hart- 

ford. 

2285.  Jesse  H.  Everitt.  Middletown.  Sally  Church.   Hart- 

ford. 

2286.  October      18.    Samuel  Pettes.  Wethersfield.   Sarah  Porter.   Hart- 

ford. 

2287.  23.    Samuel  Slater.  Hartford.  Elizabeth  Webster.  Hart- 

ford. 
22SS.  November  2.    Jesse  Charlton.   East  Windsor.  Rebecca  Thomas. 
Hartford. 

2289.  5.    Thomas  Warren.   Hartford.  Jane  Williams.  Hart- 

ford. 

2290.  20.    Samuel    Barnard,    Jun''    Litchfield.    Mary   Clarke. 

Hartford. 

2291.  25.    George  Goodwin,  Jun'  Hartford.  Maria  Kingsbury. 

Hartford. 

2292.  30.    David   Wadsworth,  Jun''    Hartford.    Lucy   Steele. 

Hartford. 

2293.  December   3.    Solomon  Loomis.  Hartford.  M''*  Sally  Ames.  Hart- 

ford. 

2294.  17.    Samuel  Steele.  Hartford.  Cynthia  Seymour.  Hart- 

ford. 
21.  in  1809.     Total  275. 
1810. 

2295.  February    4.    Joseph  Hai-ris.  Brooklyn.  Lucy  Roberts.  Hartford. 

2296.  14.    Timothy  Gorham.  New  Haven.  Martha  S.  Merrill. 

Hartford. 

2297.  April  5.     Eben'  Wilcox.  Sandisfield.  Matilda  Hosmer.  Hart. 

ford. 

2298.  29.    John  Venton.  Coventry.  N.  Y.  Diana  Weare.  Hart- 

ford. 


Appendix  III  367 

1810. 

2299.  May  20.    Simon   Bartama.  Albany.  Elizabeth  Curtiss.   Hart- 

ford. 

2300.  21.    Richard    Bunce.    Wethersfield.    Fanny     Johnson. 

Wethers  field. 

2301.  June  3.     David  H.    Hickok.   Hartford.   Betsey  Rice.   Hart- 

ford. 

2302.  7.    Rufus  Wells.  Hartford.  Tirzah  Wheeler.  Hartford. 

2303.  July  22.    Horace   Meacham.   Hartford.   Sally   White.    Hart- 

ford. 

2304.  26.    David     Kelsey.    Wethersfield.     Lovisa     Hastings. 

Hartford. 

2305.  30. Kilbourn.     Litchfield.     Wid  :    Ruth    Wright. 

Hartford. 

2306.  Sep""  3.    Edward  Watkinson.    Hartford.    Lavinia   Hudson. 

Hartford. 

2307.  20.    Anson   Brace.    Hartford.    Rebekah   Phelps.   Hart- 

ford. 

2308.  October     28.    James  Skinner.  Hartford.  Elizabeth   Sooter.  Hart- 

ford. 

2309.  November25.    Ariel  Hancock.  Hartford.  Ruth  Wells.  Farmington. 

2310.  29.    Richard    Wadsworth.     Hartford.     Ann     McLean. 

Hartford. 

23 1 1.  Frederic   Seymour.   Hartford.   Nancy  Cullio.   Nor- 

wich. 

2312.  Lemuel  Steele.   Hudson.   Tabitha  Barnard.    Hart- 

ford. 

2313.  December   2.    Asahel  Saunders.   Hartford.     Patty  Alcott.    Hart- 

ford. 

2314.  20.    Enoch   Frisbie.  Wintonbury.    Eliza   Taylor.  W^in- 

tonbury. 

2315.  27.    Sylvester   Wells.     Hartford.    Wid:    Esther   Dodd. 

Hartford. 
21.  in  1 8 10.     Total  296. 
1811.  "     . 

2316.  January       5.    Solomon  Porter,  Jun^     Hartford.     Nancy  Belden. 

Hartford. 

2317.  24.     Heman     Welden.     Hartford.      Amanda    Hughes. 

Hartford. 

2318.  January     31.     Edward  Steele.  Hartford.  Mary  Spencer.  Hartford. 

2319.  February     6.    George  Peters.  "  Jane  Daniels.  " 

2320.  7.    Thomas  Webber.  Palmer.  Chloe  Carter.  " 

2321.  18.    Caleb  Church.  Hartford.  Hannah  Hart.  " 

2322.  March  3.    Moses  Learned.       "  Mrs.       Betsey        Cargill. 

Palmer. 

2323.  April  4.    John  Lee.     Hartford.    Esther   Church.     Hartford. 


368 


History  of  the  Church 


1811. 

2324.  May 

2325- 

2326. 

2327.  June 

2328. 

2329. 

2330. 

2331.  July 

2332. 

2333- 


26. 
16. 

17- 
20. 
II. 

16. 

28. 


2334.  August  25. 

2335.  Septemf  9. 

2336.  14. 

2337.  October  13. 

2338.  Novem''  i. 

2339.  10. 


2340. 

21. 

2341- 

Novem"' 

28. 

2342. 

2343- 

29. 

2344- 

Decembe 

•  I. 

2345- 

12. 

2346. 

18. 

2347- 

25 

2348. 

1812. 

29 

2349- 

January 

26. 

2350. 

2351- 

30 

Martin  Cable.  Hartford.  Cyrene  Flint.  East  Hartford. 
Chester  Bidwell."  Catharine  Ensign.         " 

Ebenezer  Kilby.  Wethersfield.  Sally  Sennett.  " 
AUyn  Bacon.  Hartford.  Jane  Knox.  " 

Rufus  Dunton.       "  Abigail  Roberts. 

William  Corning.  "  Welthy  Huntington.  " 

Charles  Starr.         "  Nancy  Bodge.  " 

Menzies  Webster."  Abigail  Bunce.  " 

Walter  Phelps.       "  Julia  Beach.  " 

Henry  Sooter.        "  Rebecca  Warren.        " 

Jonathan    Hartshorne.    Hartford.     Wid :     Pamela 

Kellog.  Hartford. 
Eleazar   Badger.    Middletown.     Harriet    Brigden. 

Wethersfield. 
Samuel  Bateman.  Newburgh.  N.  Y.  Sally  Russell. 

East  Haven. 
Isaac  Boles.  Hartford.  Deidama  BoUes.   Hartford. 
Leonard  Keney.    "         Hannah  Morley.  Coventry. 
Michael   Case.    Granby.      Wid  :    Huldah    Dudley. 

Hartford. 
Amos  Buckland.  East  Hartford.   Mary  Flint.   East 

Hartford. 
Asa  Goodwin.  Hartford.  Parthena  Rogers.  Hart- 
ford. 
Thomas    Tileston.     Hartford.     Kezia   Hempstead. 

Hartford. 
George    Webster.    Hartford.    Thankful     Morgan. 

Hartford. 
Timothy  Tyler.   Hartford.  Chloe  Keler.  Mulattoes. 

Hartford. 
Lyman   Curtiss.    Hartford.    Sally   Buckland.    East 

Hartford. 
Elisha  Williams,  Jun^  Hartford.   Catherine  Dodd. 

Hartford. 
White  Osborne.   Danbury.   Peggy  Shepard.   Hart- 
ford. 
Norman    Spencer.    Hartford.    Betsey   Washbvirn. 

Hartford. 
33   in  181 1.     Total  329. 

Jedidiah   Morgan.    Scipio.    N.    Y.     Wid  :    Harriet 

Smith.  Hartford. 
Titus  Bancroft.  Hartford.  Olive  Skinner.  Hartford. 
Edward    Mize.    Madison.    N.  Y.    Nabby  Spencer. 

Hartford. 


Appendix  HI  369 

1S12. 

2352.  March         12.    Jesse  Biirdurn.    Hartford.  Cynthia   Waters.   Hart- 

ford. 

2353.  May  17.    Anthony  Jeffrey.   Hartford.    Eunice  Jones.    Hart- 

ford. 

2354.  21.     Eijhraim    Robbins,   Jun^    Boston.    Rebecca    Burr. 

Hartford. 

2355.  24.    Seymour     TaUmadge.     Ludlow.     Lydia     Cloiigh. 

Hartford. 

2356.  Edward  McGuier.  New  York.  Phila  Waters.   Hart- 

ford. 

2357.  June  8.    Ti-ueman   IMcLean.    Hartford.    Sally    Wadsworth. 

Hartford. 

2358.  July  I.    Erastus  Clark,  Esq^  Utica.  Sophia  Flint.  Hartford. 

2359.  5.    Charles   Hosmer.    Hartford.   Abigail    Wadsworth. 

Hartford. 

2360.  14.     Harry  Bulkley.  Litchfield.  Betsey  Dodd.  Hartford. 

2361.  19.    Jesse  Jewet.  Amherst.  N.   H.   Mrs  Amelia  Worth- 

ington.  East  Hartford. 

2362.  Sep""  3.     Reuben  Chamberlain,  Jun'.   Hartford.   Sally  Fox. 

Hartford. 

2363.  6.     Edward  Andrus.  Farmington.  Prudence  Chamber- 

lain. Hartford. 

2364.  Russell  Buckland.  Hartford.  Fanny  Waters.   Hart- 

ford. 

2365.  28.    James    H.    Phinney.    Simsbury.     Lovisa    Waters. 

Hartford. 

2366.  Octo''  8.    George  Barnard.   Hartford.   Jeruslia  Clapp.   Hart- 

ford. 

2367.  12.    William  Thompson.  Hartford.  Lurinda  Wadsworth. 

Hartford. 

2368.  25.    Andrew  Smith.  Hartford.  Ann  Roberts.   Hartford. 

2369.  Novem"".       8.    Daniel  Bunce,  Jun^   Hartford.   Lovisa  Sweetland. 

Hartford. 

2370.  29.    Aaron  Roberts.  Hartford.  Fanny  Weeks.  Hartford. 

2371.  Horace  Goodwin.   Hartford.   Mary  Ramsey.   Hart- 

ford. 

2372.  Dec  TO.    Prince  Miranda.  Hartford.  Alice  Lord.   Neg.   Hart- 

ford. 

2373.  14.    Moses  Van  Doom.  Fitzwilliam.  N.  H.  ]\Irs.  Hannah 

Pratt.  Hartford. 
25  in  18 (2.     Total  354. 

1813- 

2374.  January     14.    Augusta  Andros.  Hartford.  Susannah  Clark.  Hart- 

ford. 

2375.  February  11.     Richard  Seymour,  Jun^   Hartford.   Amanda  Foot. 

Hartford. 
24 


37° 


History  of  the  CJiiwch 


1813. 


2376. 


14. 


2377- 

18. 

2378. 

March 

4- 

2379- 

7- 

2380. 

April 

7- 

2381. 

13- 

2382. 
2383- 

15- 
18. 

2384. 

2385- 

April 

25- 

2386. 

May 

6. 

2387. 

16. 

2388. 

31- 

2389. 

June 

13. 

2390. 

14. 

2391. 

30. 

2392. 

July 

4. 

2393 

20. 

2394- 

October 

5. 

2395- 

November  7. 

1814. 

2396- 

January 

2. 

2397- 

13- 

2398. 

27- 

2399- 

Feb'-y 

24. 

2400. 

March 

13- 

2401. 

20. 

2402.  27. 

2403.  April     6. 

2404.  12. 


Samuel  Wheeler.  Hartford.  Dorothy  vShepard. 
Hartford. 

James  Winship.  Hartford.  Emily  Clapp.   Hartford. 

Abel  Deming.  Wethersfield.  Wid  :  Abigail  Wolcott. 
Wethersfield. 

Harry  Winship.  Hartford.  Eliza  Sage.  Hartford. 

Robert  Smith.  Hartford.  Mary  Waterman.  Hart- 
ford. 

William  S.  Deming.  Hartford.  Esther  Morgan. 
Hartford. 

Henry  Buckland.  Hartford.  Clarissa  Seymour. 
Hartford. 

John  James.  Hartford.  Charlotte  Mahar.  Hartford. 

Samuel  Humphrey.  Hartford.  Rebecca  Ripney. 
Hartford. 

William  Tinker.  Hartford.  Martha  Barber.  Hart- 
ford. 

Benjamin  Hudson.  Hartford.  Harriet  Dickinson. 
Hartford. 

Edward  Day.  Hudson.  Alice  Rogers.  Hartford. 

Ashur  Adams.  Charlestown.  Mass.  Amelia  Wyllys. 
Hartford. 

Merril  Morse.  Vermont.  Harriet  Wilcox.   Hartford. 

Henry  Kilburn.  Hartford.  Betsey  Babcock. 

Ethan  Dolphin.  "         Cynthia  Burrage.     " 

Joseph  Dee.  "         Lucy  Hannibal.        " 

Daniel  Dewy.  "         Fanny  Shepard.       " 

James  Geer.  Windham.  Frances  Seymour.  Hartford. 

Samuel  Jones.  Hartford.  Susan  Roberts.  " 

22  in  1813.     Total  376. 

John  Spencer,  1^.  Hartford,  to  Olive  Rogers.  Hart- 
ford. 

Charles  Seymour.  Hartford.  Elizabeth  Spencer. 
Hartford. 

William  Dunham.  Hartford.  Rebecca  Hudson. 
Hartford. 

Roswel  Clapp.  Hartford.  Susan  Pease.  Hartford. 

James  Reed.  Bristol.     Eunice  Bunce. 

Abraham  Shaw.  Washington.  N.  Y.  Abigail  Ripner. 
Hartford. 

Henry  AxteU.  Newport.  Harriet  BiUings.  Newport. 

David  North.  Berlin.     Sally  Benton.  Hartford. 

Frederic  Burkitt.  Hartford.  Offey  Cogswell.  Cov- 
entry. 


Appendix  III 


371 


1S14. 


2405- 

2406. 

13 

2407. 

May 

15 

240S. 

22. 

2409. 

June 

16. 

2410. 

24. 

24II. 

August 

21. 

2412. 

24. 

2413. 

25- 

2414. 

Sep' 

8. 

2415- 

October 

13- 

2416. 


2417. 

November  3. 

2418. 

15- 

2419. 

22. 

2420. 

24. 

2421. 

Dec^ 

I. 

2422. 

8. 

2423. 

11. 

2424. 

22. 

2425- 

2426. 

25- 

2427. 


1815. 

2428.  Feb'">"  5. 
2428^. 

2429.  Febo-  12. 

2430.  21. 

2431.  March  3. 

2432.  9. 


James    M.    Holmes.    Providence.    vSarah    McKee. 

Hartford. 
Alvin  Stedman.   Hartford.   Fanny  Webster.   Hart- 
ford. 
John  Russel.  Hartford.  ]\Iartha  Wadsworth.  Hart- 
ford. 
Isaac  Palmer,  Jun'.  Hartford.  Laura  White.     Do. 
William  Carter.     Hartford.  Chloe  Wadsworth.  Do. 
John  W.  Mason.  "  Honour  Lyman.    Do. 

John  Williams.  Philad.  Mary  Freeman.     Do. 

Charles.  Shepard,  Jun^  Hartford.   Eliza  W.  Jones. 

Do. 
Lucius  Nichols.  Hartford.     Nancy  Humphrey.  Do. 
Horace  Battas.  "  Margaret  Petison.    Do. 

Charles  Buck.    Granby.    Sarah  W.  Warner.  Weth- 

ersfield. 
George    Riph.    East    Hartford.      Sarah    Winship. 

Hartford. 
David  Johnson.    Hartford.    Dinah  Pell.     Hartford. 
Salmon  Lyman.    East  Hartford.  Acta  Jones.  East 

Hartford. 
John  Allen.     East  Windsor.    Wid:  Lucy  Williams. 

Hartford. 
John  W.  Humphrey.  Hartford.  Rebecca  Buckland. 

Hartford. 
Chauncey  Greene.  Monson.  Alice  Rathbone.  Hart- 
ford. 
Frederic  Robbins.  Hartford.  Lydia  Burr.  Hartford. 
William  Butler.  "  Betsey  Rose.  Branford. 

Calvin  Dibble.  Granby.  Lodama  Hillj-er.  Hartford. 
James  McLean.  Windsor.  Polly  Wilson.  Windsor. 
Thomas   Putnam.      Hartford.      Mehitabel    Foster. 

Hartford. 
Benjamin   Crampton.     Hartford.     Lucy  Danforth. 
Hartford. 
32  in  1 8 14.     Total  408. 

James  Dodd.  Hartford,  to  Cornelia  Bull.  Hartford. 

Cornelius  Myers.  Hudson.  Emma  Clapp. 

John  J.  White.  Hartford.  Charlotte  L.  Wood- 
bridge.     Hartford. 

Charles  Kelsey.     Hartford.    Sally  King.    Hartford. 

Rev.  Elisha  Cook.  East  Hartford.  Esther  H.  Wood- 
bridge.     East  Hartford. 

Phipps  Deming.  Hartford.  Harriet  Kilbourn. 
Hartford. 


372  History  of  the  Church 

1815. 

2433.  20.    Pomp  Pitkin.   East    Hartford.      Lumind   Welden. 

Hartford. 

2434.  23.    Aaron  Tryon.     East  Windsor.  Rebecca  Kneeland. 

Hartford. 

2435.  April  13.    John  E.  Hart.    Hartford.  Ann  Woodbridge.  Hart- 

ford. 

2436.  Thomas   H.    Robbins.     Hartford.     Mary    Burkitt. 

Hartford. 

2437.  23.    Cj'i-us  Cathey.  Hartford.  Catharine  Boston.    Hart- 

ford. 
243S.  30.    John  Burr.  Hartford.     Hannah  Moore.  Windsor. 

2439.  May  4.    Jacob  Carney.     "  Lynda  Light.  Hartford. 

2440.  II.    Joseph    Spencer,    East   Hartford.    Ann   Seymour. 

Hartford. 

2441.  25.    Chauncey  Waters.  Hartford.  Martha  McKee.  Hart- 

ford, 

2442.  Jime  12.    Collins  Hosnier.  Durham.  Lucy  Colvin.  Hartford. 

2443.  25.    Alfred    Avery.    Aurora.    N.    Y.    Clarissa    Smith. 

Hartford. 

2444.  William  Benton.  Hartford.  Lydia  Burt.  Hartford. 

2445.  26.    George  Collier.  "  Heppy  Steele.      " 

2446.  July  13.    Samuel  B.  Woodward.  Wethersfield.  Maria  Porter. 

Hartford. 

2447.  August      24.    Thomas  P.  Sweetser.  Hartford.  Susan  Northrop. 

Milford. 
244S.  31.    Ariel  Cooke.  Hartford.  Catherine  Jones.  Hartford. 

2449.  Sep*  17.    Archibald  Bulkley.  New  York.  Wealthy  Ann  Buit. 

Hartford. 

2450.  21.     Horace  R.  Seymour.   Hartford.   Harriet  Wheeler. 

Hartford. 

2451.  October       4.    Timothy  H.  Dix.  Wethersfield.  Catherine  Risley. 

Hartford. 

2452.  17.    William  Connor.  Hartford.  Rebecca  Porter.   Hart- 

ford. 

2453.  19.    George  Pitkin.  East  Hartford.  Pamela  -Hills.  East 

Hartford. 

2454.  Ocf  26.    John    Durrie,    Jun'.     Hartford.     Clarissa    Clarke. 

Hartford. 

2455.  Nov'  12.    Leonard  Curtiss.  Hartford.  Nancy  Swift.  Hartford. 

2456.  15.    John  Johnson.  "  Honor  Tryon,         " 

30  in  I  Si  5,     Total  438. 
1S16, 

2457.  Feb.  18.    Jonathan  Green.  Hartford.  Sally  Esty.      Hartford. 

2458.  March         17.    James  Taylor.  "  Mary  Spencer. 

2459.  27.    John  Cooke.  "  Wealthy  Risley.     " 


iSi6. 

2460. 

April 

2461. 

2462. 

2463. 

2464. 

^lay 

2465. 

2466. 

Appendix  III  373 


4.  Joseph  Miller  East  Hartford.  Sally  Burnham.  East 
Hartford. 

7.  Roderic  Walker.  Vernon.  Catherine  Cullio.  Hartford. 

17.  Ora  Stoddard.  Windsor.  Lucy  Seymour. 

25.  Aaron  F.  Olmsted.  East  Hartford.  Delia  Pitkin. 
East  Hartford. 

20.  Joseph  Underwood.  Hartford.  Chloe  Miranda. 
Hartford. 

26.  Ichabod  Lord.  Marlborough.  Harriet  Bulkley. 
Hartford. 

27.  Abner   Culver.    E.    Hartford.    Betsey   Hills.    East 

Hartford. 

2467.  AugTist        8.    Stephen  Hosmer.  Hartford.  Susan  Colvin.  Hartfoixl. 

2468.  25.    Jonathan  Skinner,  Jun.  "      Abby  Dodd. 

2469.  Sepf^  8.    Roderic  Seymour.  "      Emily  Benton.       " 

2470.  30.    Ebenezer  Bevins.  Vernon,  wid:  Annah  Miller.  Ver- 

mont. 

2471.  October     20.     Horace  Seymour.  Hartford.  Sophia  Spencer.  Hart- 

ford. 

2472.  Novem'       3.    Henry    Whitman.    East    Haddam.    Harriet    Phip- 

peney.  Hartford. 

13.  Jeremiah  Pears.  East  Windsor.  Azubah  Peters. 
Hartford. 

29.  Jonathan  W.  Holmes.  Hartford.  Roxana  Chamber- 
lain. Hartford. 

II.  Lorenzo  Bull.  Hartford.  Elizabeth  Goodwin.  Hart- 
ford. 

18.  Da\'id  Johnson.  Tolland.  Anne  Eaton.  Tolland. 

19.  Harvey  B.  Roberts.  Middletown.  Sai'ah  M.  Burr. 
Hartford. 

25.    Fredus    Vanhom.    Springfield.    Nancy    Edwards. 
Hartford. 
22.  in  1816.     Total  460. 

25.    Samuel  Smith.  Springfield.  Betsey  Lewis.  Hartford. 

9.    Horace  Daniels.  Hartford.  vSally  Richards. 
13.     Hezekiah    P.    Clark.    Wethersfield.    Wid:    Esther 
Hale.  Hartford. 

I.    Horace  Palmer.  Windsor.  Mary  Spencer.  Hartford. 

8.  Allen  M.  Colegrove.  Middletown.  ]\Iary  Sej-mour. 
Hartford. 

15.  Lewis  Robinson.  Hampton.  Dolly  Hinsdale.  Hart- 
ford. 

IQ.  John  L.  Comstock.  South  Kingston.  ^Nlarv  E. 
Chenevard.  Hartford. 


2+73- 

2474- 

2475- 

Dec^ 

2476. 

2477. 

2478. 

Dec 

1817. 

2479. 

Jan. 

2480. 

Feb. 

24S1. 

April 

2482. 

May 

2483. 

2484. 

2485. 

1817. 

2486. 

July 

2487. 

Sep' 

2488. 

2490. 

2491. 

2492. 

2493- 

October 

2494. 

2495- 

2496. 

Nov 

2497. 

Dec 

249S. 

374  History  of  the  Church 


3.    Jabez  Ripley.    Hartford.  Harriet  Olcott.    Hartford. 
7.    Jedidiah  Hovey.       "  Heppy  Bunce.  " 

John  B.  Williams.    "  Elizabeth  Bulkley.     " 

10.    Nathaniel  Spencer."  Maria  Danforth.        " 

15.  Eleazer  Huntington.  New  York.  Maria  Hinsdale. 
Hartford. 

16.  Daniel  Pierce.  Springfield.  Huldah  Flint.  Hartford. 
23.    Austin  P.   Phelps.  Granby.  Sally  Bunce.  Wethers- 
field. 

9.     Henry    Bailey.    Sangerfield.    N.    Y.    Lucy   Clapp. 

Hartford. 
13.    Henry   Corning.   Hartford.   Elizabeth   B.    Kappel. 
Hartford. 

16.  James   C.    Patterson.    Hartford.    Mary   Lambert. 
Hartford. 

20.    Joseph     Wright.    Wethersfield.    Nancy    Wheeler. 
Hartford. 

17.  Jesse  Bull.  Winchester.  Abigail  Anderson.  Hartford. 
30.    Theodore  Dwight  Lyman.  Greenfield.  Rebecca  B. 

Bull.  Hartford. 
20  in  1 81 7.     Total  480. 
1818. 

2499.  January      11.    Peter  Scott.    Hartford,  to  Jane  Peters.    Hartford. 

2500.  Samuel  Webster.  Hartford,  to  Betsey  Carter.  Hart- 

ford. 

2501.  25.    David  Blackmore.    Greenwich.   Mass.   Sally   Ray- 

more.  Hartford. 

2502.  28.    James  Hosley.  Hartford,  to  Lorrej;-  Sears.  Hartford. 

2503.  Feb.  I.    Benjamin     Colton.         "  Jerusha    W.    Porter. 

Hartford. 

2504.  15.    Chauncey    Barnard.     Hartford.     Eliza    Seymour. 

Hartford. 

2505.  Rufus  Bunce.    Hartford.    Rhoda  Clapp.    Hartford. 

2506.  March  i.    Jesse  Barber.  South  Hadley.  Fanny  Bodge.  Hart- 

ford. 

2507.  May  24.    Oliver  S.  Jones.  Hartfoi'd.  Emily  Pelton.  Hartford. 

2508.  June  21.    Zadok    Hinsdale.       "  Mrs    Elizabeth    Howe. 

Hartford. 

2509.  Oct.  2.    Samuel  Phillips.   Hartford.  Mary  Burnham.   Hart- 

ford. 

2510.  12.    Joseph  Choat.  Hartford.  Eliza  T.  Cotton.  Hartford. 

2511.  Nov.  I.    Joseph  John.son.      "         Eliza  Porter.  " 

2512.  8.    Frederic   Homer.    Southbury.    Charlotte  Johnson. 

Hartford. 

2513.  10.    Manning  Thrasher.  Hartford.  Betsey  Clark.   Hart- 

ford. 


Appendix   HI  375 

1S18. 

2514.  26.    Nathaniel    Woodhouse.     Wcthcrsfield.     Henrietta 

Hayden.  Hartford. 

2515.  Dec.  10.    Luke  Loomis.  Hartford.  Elizabeth  Williams.  East 

Hartford. 

2516.  31.    Joseph  Webster.  Hartford.  Martha  Clark.  Hartford. 

18.  in  1818.     Total  498. 
1819. 

2517.  Jan.  10.    Jesse'Chaucer.  Hartford.  Sarah  Andrus.  Hartford. 

2518.  20.     Kenoni  A.  Shepard.  Hartford.  Abigail  Taylor.  Hart- 

ford. 

2519.  Feb.  4.     Reuben    Brown.     Hartford.     INIary    Ann    Cartiss. 

Hartford. 

2520.  18.    James  Wright.   Glastenbury.  Abigail  May.    Hart- 

ford. 

2521.  April  25.    John  Farmer.    Hartford.    Julia  Ann  Miller.   Hart- 

ford. 

2522.  May  16.    James  J.   Knap.   Middletown.  Clarissa  C.   Combs. 

Hartford. 

2523.  July  14.    Thomas  Marvin.  Hartford.  EUza  Greenfield.  Hart- 

ford. 

2524.  August         2.    Bela  Landfear.   Auburn.  N.   Y.,  to  Mary  Barber. 

Hartford. 

2525.  Sep.  9.    Joseph  Church.  Hartford.  Eliza  Janes.     Hartford. 

2526.  Oct.  19.  ^Walter   Hills.    East    Hartford.    Huldah    Roberts. 

Hartford. 

2527.  21.    Primus  Babcock.   Hartford.   Lucj^  Webster.  Hart- 

ford. 

2528.  Nov.  7.    Augustus  Reed.  Wethersfield.   Abby  Wells.  Hart- 

ford. 

2529.  30.    George   Francis.    Hartford.    Martha    Wadsworth. 

Hartford. 

2530.  Dec.  2.    Freeman     Seymour.     Hartford.    Margaret    Clark. 

Hartford. 

2531.  8.    Lot  Mitchel.  Hartford.  Mary  Freeman.  Colchester. 

2532.  22.    Oswyn  Booth.  Berlin.  Francis  Hempsted.  Hartford. 

2533.  23.    George  Stanley.  Hartford.  Sally  Shepard.       " 

2534.  30.     Hugh  Lyndon.  New  York.  Harriet  Waters.     " 

18.  in  1S19.     Total  516. 
1820. 

2535.  March        13.    Rev.    Elisha    B.    Cooke.    East    Hartford.    Harriet 

Sweetland.  Hartford. 

2536.  iQ.    Charles  Weeks.  Hartford.   Lucy  White.    Hartford. 

2537.  April  2.    William  H.  Morgan.  Hartford.  Margaret  J.  Chene- 

vard.  Hartford. 

2538.  20.    William  Saunders.  Hartford.  Mrs.  Mary  Patterson. 

Hartford. 


376 


History  of  the  Church 


1820. 


2539- 

30. 

2540. 

May 

9- 

2541. 

June 

7- 

2542. 

8. 

2543- 

12. 

2544- 

21. 

2545.  Sep. 


2546. 

20. 

2547- 

Oct. 

5- 

2548. 

Dec. 
1821. 

5- 

2549- 

Jan. 

25- 

2550. 

March 

25- 

2551- 

April 

25- 

2552. 

May 

I. 

2553- 

9- 

2554- 

June 

5- 

2555- 

Sept. 

30. 

2556- 

October 

14. 

2557- 

31 

2558. 

Dec"- 

13- 

2559- 

1822. 

23- 

2560. 

Jan'-y 

29, 

2561. 

Feb. 

15- 

2562. 

March 

28. 

2563. 

May 

2. 

2564. 


Zenas  Alden.   Springfield.  M.  Betsey  Taylor.  Hart- 
ford. 

Daniel   Fish.  Falmouth.   M.   Fanny  Benton.  Hart- 
ford. 

William  Elsworth,  Hartford.  Julia  AVells.  Hartford. 

Amariah  Knox.  Hartford.  Betsey  Burnham.  Hart- 
ford. 

Asahel  Tuttle.  Vernon.  Sarah  Wells.   Hartford. 

Bela    Balch.     Hartford.    Fanny    Elizabeth    Yale. 
Hartford. 

James     Morrison.     Hartford.      Hannah     Monroe. 
Hartford. 

Samuel  Dunlap.  Hartford.  Olive  Daniels.  Hartford. 

George  Brainard.  Hartford.  Margaret  Steele.  Hart- 
ford. 

William  Birchmore.   U.  S.   Navy.   Juliana   Bissell. 
Hartford. 
14  in  1820.     Total  530. 

Charles  J.  Burr.  Hartford.   Lucy  Sedgwick.   Hart- 
ford. 

James  Ross.  Hartford.  Harriet  Applewhite.   Hart- 
ford. 

Squire    Rogers.    Hartford.    Mary   Ann    Denslow. 
Hartford. 

Ephraim  Hart.  Utica.  Martha  Seymour.   Hartford. 

Horace  Wells.  Hartford.  Emily  Skinner.  " 

John   Olmstead.    Hartford.  Charlotte  Law     Hull, 
Hartford. 

George  Wyllys.  Hartford.   Melinda  Tyler.   Brook- 
field.  Mass. 

Noah  Nichols.  Hai-tford.  Gusta  Dolphin.  Hartford. 

Joshua  Cross.  Blandford.  M.  Laura  Moore.  Windsor. 

Willis  Root.  Vernon.  Hannah  P.  Collins.  Hartford. 

John  A.  Pratt.  Hartford.    Ann  Rice.    New  Hart- 
ford. 
II.  in  1S21.     Total  541. 

Daniel  Goodale,  Jun.   Hartford.   Lucretia  Porter. 

Hartford. 
Walter  Lewis.  Hartford.  Nancy  Stafford.  Hartford. 
John  Goodale.  Woodstock.  Susan  Waters.  Hartford. 
Israel    L    Palmer.     Hartford.    Harriet    Sweetser. 

Hartford. 
John  B.  Flagg.  Hartford.  Louisa  Burr.   Hartford. 


Appendix   III 


377 


1822. 


2565- 


2566.  July 

2567.  August 
256S.  Sept. 

2569.  Oct. 

2570. 


30.    Benoni   B.   Barber.    Hartford.  Eliza  Dwier.   Hart- 
ford. 
4.    William  Taylor.  Hartford.  Ellen  Earle.   Hartford. 
28.    Sidney  Burr.  Hartford.  Hannah  Baker. 

26.  John    H.   Thompson.    Hartford.   Electa   Williams. 

Hartford. 
17.    James  Watson.  Hartford   Abigail  W.  Terry.  Hart- 
ford. 

27.  William  Jackson.  Hartford.    Betsey  Adams.    Hart- 

ford. 
II.  in   1S22.     Total  552. 


[The  record  of  marriages  by  Rev^  Abel  Flint,  is  evidently  incomplete. 
It  ends  in  1822,  while  Mr.  Flint  remained  as  pastor  of  the  church  until 
January,  1824.  A  "table  of  contents"  on  the  last  page  of  the  record 
book  indicates  that  the  marriages  were  carried  forward  from  the  last 
page  containing  them  to  pages  "  262  "  and  "  280,"  both  of  which  are  in- 
cluded in  a  batch  of  a  dozen  or  more  leaves  which  have  been  cut  out  of 
the  book.]  ' 


DEATHS  IN  THE  SECOND   SOCIETY  IN  HARTFORD. 


1791. 
2571.  June 
2572. 
2573-  July 

2574.  Aug'i 

2575.  Sep^ 

2576.  Dec 

2577- 

2578. 


1792. 

2579- 

Jan''y 

2580. 

2581. 

Feb'-y 

2582. 

March 

2583- 

2584. 


3.  Horace  Seymour,  son  of  Freeman.      Aged  5  years. 
25.    An  infant,  child  of  Neil  MacClean.  Still  Born. 

7.    Betsey  Curtiss.     A  Negi'o.  Aged  60  years. 

14.    Sarah  Andruss.     Daughter  of  William.  Jun^ 

Aged  14  months. 
17.    An  Infant.     Child  of  Jeremiah  Barrett. 

Aged  3  weeks. 
7.    John  Bunce.  Aged  74  years. 

17.    Sabina.     A  Negro  belonging  to  Rev**  Mr  Board- 
man.  Aged  24  years. 
29.    Amos  Hinsdale.                                      Aged  82  years. 
Total  in  1791.     8. 

10.     Ralph    Pomeroy.   Jun".     Son   of   Ralph  Pomeroy. 
Fever.  Aged  20  years. 

24.    Solomon  Wyman.     Gout.  57       " 

28.    An  infant  Daughter  of  Jonathan  Chapman. 

8  weeks. 

4.  Wid"  Jemima  Taylor.     Fever.  67  years. 
10.     Phineas.  an  Infant  Son  of  Phineas  Shephard.    Fits. 

3  weeks. 
Daniel  Taylor,  died  at  Sea,  sometime  since.  Fever. 

25  years. 


378 


History  of  the  Church 


1792. 

2585- 

April 

21. 

2586. 

Ma5' 

i5. 

2587. 

June 

23- 

2588. 

2589. 

July 

24. 

2590. 

August 

4- 

2591- 

2592. 

10. 

2593- 

2594.  Septem''   8. 

2595.  September  9. 
2596-  15- 
2597- 

2598.  November  i. 


2599- 

2600. 
2601. 
2602. 
2603. 
2604. 


1793- 
January 


February    12. 
March         13. 


April 

April 


2605.  April 


28. 


2606. 

May 

19. 

2607. 

June 

8. 

2608. 

August 

2. 

2609. 

Septem'' 

2. 

2610. 

9- 

26II. 

14. 

Chauncey.  son  of  Dorris  Clark.     Kicked  by  a  horse. 

4X  years. 
Elizur  Warren.     Dropsy.  43       " 

Daniel  Merril.     Found  dead  in  Bed.     Epileptic  fits. 

42  years. 
Lucj\  an  Infant  Daughter  of  Joseph  Woodbridge. 

I  Day. 
Nabby.  Daughter  of  Thomas  Clap.     Worms. 

2  years. 
Sophia  Howel.     Consumption.  19      " 

Priscilla.  Wife  of  Neptune.  Negro.  Consump- 
tion. 65  years. 
An  Infant.  Child  of  Thomas  Sloane.  4  hours. 
William  Benton.  Died  at  the  southward  some 
time  since.  26  years. 
Robert  Chapman,  a  stranger.     Cholera  Morbus. 

46  years. 
Lavinia.  the  wife  of  Elias  Morgan.     Consumption. 

18  years. 
Sarah,  the  wife  of  Jonathan  Taylor.     Drops3\ 

61  years. 
James  Bunce.     Killed  by  caving  in  of  earth  when 
digging  a  ditch.  47  years. 

Sally,  an  Infant  daughter  of  Dorus  Barnard. 

I  Day. 
20  in  1792.     Total  28. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Jonathan  Chapman. 

Still  Born. 
An  Infant  child  of  Jeremiah  Barrett.  Still  Born. 
Aaron  Bull.     Old  age.  Aged  82  j-ears. 

Jonathan  Taylor.     Apoplexy.  73      " 

Medad  Webster.     Hydrocele.  70     " 

George,  a  Son  of  John  Steele.     Worms. 

20  months. 
An  Infant  Child  of  John  Cables.     Convulsions. 

4  weeks. 
David  Hosmer.  son  of  William.  Fever.  12  years. 
A  child  of  Edward  Dolphin.     Negro.     Canker. 

4  months. 
Neil  McLean.     Consumption.  47  years. 

John,  son  of  Jonathan  Bull.     Laudanum. 

4  months. 
John  Wheeler.  Drowned  in  Con.  River.  28  years. 
Benjamin.  Son  of  Josiah  Hemstead.     Dentition. 

15  months. 


Appendix   III 


379 


1793- 


2612. 

15. 

2613. 

14. 

2614. 

21. 

2615. 

25 

2616. 

October   15 

2617. 

November  30 

2618. 

2619.  Decemb'     14. 


2620. 

16 

2621. 

1794. 

29 

2622. 

January 

25 

2623. 

March 

I 

2624. 

II 

2625. 

22 

2626. 

30. 

2627. 

April 

I. 

2628. 

19. 

2629. 

20. 

2630. 

2631. 

LI  ay 

22. 

2632. 

24. 

2633. 

28. 

2634. 


31- 


2635.  June 

II. 

2636. 
2637.  ^uly 

20. 
10. 

2638. 

2639.  August 

20. 

Wealthan.     Daughter     of    James     Taylor.     Con- 
sumption. 2  years. 
Clarissa.     Daughter  of  Amos  Wheeler.     Fits. 

15  months. 
William.     Son  of  John  Allen.     Diarrhcca. 

14  months. 
Eunice.     Daughter  of  Jonathan  Bigelow.     Fits. 

3  weeks. 
Fanny.     Daughter   of    Charles    Shepherd.     Diar- 
rhcEa.  iC  months. 

Charles  Seymour.     Palsy.  51  years. 

Ashbell  Steele,  son  of  Ashbell    \ 
Steele.  DeC^.     Died  in  the  W.   j-    aged  21  years. 
Indies,  of  a  fever  Ocf  31.  1793.   ' 
Susannah  Dodd.   Daughter  of  wido:  Dodd.     scar- 
let Fever.  19  years. 
Rachel  Nicoll.     Small  Pox.     Natural.         62       " 
Widow  Agnes  Seymour.     Small  Pox.     Natural. 

82  years. 
23  in  1793.     Total  51. 

John  Bunce.     Apoplexy.  Aged  44  years. 

Sally.     Daughter  of  Timothy  Dodd.  scarlet  Fever. 

A.  16  months. 
Joseph  vSheldon.     Palsy.  Aged  64  years. 

Rhoda.     Daughter  of  Richard  Seymour. 

18  months. 
Tlieron.     Son  of  Asa  Bunce.     Convulsions. 

8  months. 
John.     Son  of  John  Bunce.     Deceas''.     Scarletina. 

C  years. 
Widow  Eunice  Nicoll.     Pleuris3^  48      " 

T.  Parkin.  Son  of  Amos  Bull.  Peripneumony.  3      ' ' 
Roswel  Butler.    Small  Pox.     inoculation.  23  j^ears. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Uriah  Shepherd.   Natus  Mortuus. 
An  Infant  Child  of  W^"i  Dexter.     Natus  Mortuus. 
George.     Son  of  Richard  Butler.     Scarlettina. 

7  months. 
Pomp.     A  Negro  Servant  of  Joseph  Sheldon.     Epi- 
lepsy. 15  )-ears. 
William  Hooker.     Gravel.                               70  years. 
Prime.     A  Negro  Man.     Dropsy                  56  years. 
Daughter  of      Malone.     Scarlettina.        years. 
Almond  Shepherd,     died  at  Sea.                  22 
Harriet.     Daughter  of  Reuben  Wadsworth.     Diar- 
rhoea.                                                            18  months. 


38o 


History  of  the  Church 


2640. 

2641. 
2642. 
2643. 

2644. 
2645. 
2646. 

2647. 

2648. 

2649. 

2650. 

2651. 

2652. 
2653. 
2654. 
2655. 
2656. 
2657. 

2658. 

2659. 

2660. 
2661. 
2662. 


1794- 
August      30. 


September  9. 
18. 

24. 


25- 


October 


20. 
27. 
30. 
Novemb''  10. 
II. 


30. 


December  1 7. 
31- 


1795- 

2663.  January   7. 

2664.  18. 

2665.  24. 

2666.  February  18. 


2667.  March 

2668.  April 

2669. 
2670. 


15- 


Nancy.     Daughter  of  Uriah  Shepherd.     Idiocy. 

Aged  10  years. 
Patty.  Daughter  of  Frederic  Stanly.  Complex.  7. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Jonathan  Chapman.  3  weeks. 
Susannah.     Wife  of  Jacob  Cadwell.     Dysentery. 

26  years. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Jeremiah  Barret. 
An  Infant  child  of  Sarah.     Negro. 
James  Church.     Gout. 
Laura.     Daughter  of  Jacob  Cadwell. 


Rachel.     Daughter  of  Roderic  Bunce. 


Henry. 


10.     Samuel. 


3  weeks. 

6  weeks. 

58  years. 

Diarrhea. 

10  months. 

Scarlettina. 

2  years. 

Son  of  Elijah  Clapp.     Hydrocephalus. 

3  months. 
Son  of  Samuel  Wheeler.     Consumption. 

15  months. 
Isaac  Bartlett,  of  Charleston.     Consumption. 

36  years. 
A  child  of  Edward  Dolphin.  Negro.  4  months. 
A  child  of  Bela  Burt.  2  months. 

Jonathan  Wells.  Hypoc:  Hydrocele  &c.  75  years. 
Sally.  Wife  of  Nathaniel  White.  Fever.  28  years. 
Benjamin  Webber.     Fever.  32  years. 

Betsey.     Daughter  of  John  Cable.     Tussis. 

8  months. 
John.     vSon  of  John  Cable.     Died  in  Eustatia. 

18  j^ears- 
Henry.   •  Son  of  Asa  Francis.     Scarlettina. 

10  months. 
Widow  Jemima  Flint.     Apoplexy.  63  years. 

Joseph  Wheeler.     Dropsy.  35  years. 

Patty.     Daughter  of  James  Bunce.     Dec^.     Scar- 
lettina. 6  years. 
41.  in  1794.     Total  92. 

Frederic  Stanley.     Complex.  Aged  43  years. 

Ebenezer  Crosby.     Old  age.  86       " 

An  Infant  child  of  Elias  Morgan.  5  weeks. 

Mabel.     Wife  of  Moses  Smith.     Pregnancy. 

44  years. 
Louisa.  Wife  of  Jonathan  Bigelow.  Jaundice.  37. 
James  Goodwin.  Son  of  Mary  Larkim.  Con- 
sumption. 12  years. 
John  Mize.  Son  of  Wilham.  died  at  Demerara.  22. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Alfred  Janes.     Fits.      5  weeks. 


Appendix  III 


381 


1795- 
2671. 

2672.  August      22 


2673. 

2674.  Sep' 
2675. 
2676. 
2677. 

2678. 

2679.  Octobei" 

2680. 
2681. 

2682. 
2683. 


21.     Sall3^     Wife  of  Elias  Morgan.     Consumption. 

29  years, 
Parsons.     Son  of  Greenwood.     Dysentery. 

14  years 
25.     John.     Son  of  Jonathan  Flagg.     Dysentery. 

15  years 
3.     Wido:  Mary  Butler.     Dysentery. 
8.     A  child  of  Amos  Bull.     Dysentery. 

George.    Son  of  John  Cable.    Dysentery 
Harriet.     Daughter  of  Roswel  Stanley. 


28. 
7- 

II. 
16. 


26. 
30. 


The  wife  of  Elisha  Bigelow. 
Zipporah.  a  Negro  Woman. 


2684. 

2685.  November  3. 

26S6.  13- 

2687.  Novem'     26. 

2688.  Decern'       i. 

2689.  28. 


1796. 
2690.  January 
2691. 

2692.  Feb'y 
2693. 

2694.  March 

2695.  April 

2696. 

2697. 

2698.  May 
2699. 

2700.  June 
2701. 


30. 


30. 
9- 


26. 


3- 
26. 


67  years. 

10  weeks. 

15  months. 

Diarrhoea. 

II  months. 

Dysentery.     74  years. 

Old  Age.     Dropsy. 

80  y-ears. 

James,  son  of  Robert  Seymour.     Rattles.     2  years. 
Benjamin  Holland.     Fever.     Died  at  New  Bruns- 
wick. 50  years. 
Samuel  Gibson.     A  Negro.     Fever.  34 
Hervey.  son  of  William  Andruss,  Jun".  Dysentery. 

2  years. 
Maria.    Daughter  of  William  Hosmer.    Do.  5 
A  Daughter  of  John  Babcock,  Jun'.   Do.  6  months. 
The  Widow  Abigail  Whitman.     Apoplexy. 

76  3'ears. 

Aaron  Seymour.     Apoplexy.  Aged  52  years. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Jere''  Barrett.  i  hour. 

Nath'  S.  Benton.     Cancer.  37  years. 

27  in  1795.     Total  119. 

John  Babcock.     Cancer.  Aged  65  years. 

An   Infant   Child    of    Robert    Seymour.      Lauda- 
num. 8  weeks. 

A  Child  of  Burbidge.     Natus  Mortuus. 

Richard  Bunce.  Died  in  the  West  Indies.  28  years. 
An  Infant  child  of  John  Allen.  Fits.  3  weeks, 
Leonard,  son  of  Leonard  Kennedy.    Measles. 

17  Months 
The  Widow  Nabby  Brown.     Peripneumony. 

55  years 
Priscilla.  Wife  of  Eli.     Negro.     Consumption. 

26  years 
James  Steele.     Rheumatism. 
Hannah.  Daughter  of  Barzillai  Hudson 


An  Infant  child  of  Dorus  Barnard. 
Thomas  Hender.     Fits. 


76  years. 
Measles. 

3  years. 

I  Hour. 
45  years. 


382 


History  of  the  Church 


1796. 


2702. 


18. 


2703. 

23- 

2704. 

July 

3 

2705. 

4- 

2706. 

August 

2. 

2707. 

9- 

2708. 

10. 

2709.  August       14. 


2710. 

iS. 

27II. 

22. 

2712. 

Sepf 

1. 

2713. 

2714. 

4- 

2715- 

9. 

2716. 

2717. 

October 

13- 

2718. 

21. 

2719. 

Nov' 

15. 

2720. 

1797. 

17- 

2721. 

January 

I. 

2722.  February  7. 

2723.  20. 

2724.  25. 

2725.  March  10. 

2726.  31. 

2727.  April  17. 

2728.  July  23. 

2729.  Septemf  3. 

2730.  Novem''  22. 

2731.  December    4. 


An  Infant  Child  of  John  Hempstead.     Natus  ]\Ior- 

tuus. 
Elisha  Bigelow.     Asthma.  73  j^ears. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Gordon.  2  weeks. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Sarah.     Negro.  5  Days. 

Lorenzo,  son  of  James  Steele.     Dysentery. 

lYz  years. 
William,  son  of  John  Steele.  Dysentery,  i^  years. 
Margaret    Seymour.    Daughter   of    W'"    Hudson. 
Dysentery.  15.  months. 

Sarah.     Wife  of  John   Watson.     Dropsy.     Partu- 
rition. Aged  38  years. 
Wid:  Mary  Steele.     Old  age.  94  years. 
Betsey.     Daughter  of  Sally  Wheeler.     Dysentery. 

12  years. 
Jabez  Howell.     Consumption.  21  years. 

Lucy.     Daughter  of  James  Steele.     Diarrhoea. 

I  year. 

29  years. 

Dysentery. 

8  months. 

38  years. 

50  " 
67  " 
74      " 

51  " 


Epaphras  Seymour.     Fever. 

An  Infant  Daughter  of  Bela  Burt. 


Dorus  Warren,  drowned  at  Sea. 
Elisha  Dodd.     Dropsy  in  the  breast. 
Peggy  Nicoll.     Asthma. 
Neptune.     Negro.     Dropsy. 
Williard  Barnard.     Inflamation  Lungs. 
31  in  1796.     Total  150. 


Sally.     Daughter     of     Mark.     Negro. 

tion. 
Richard,  son  of  Asa  Allen.     Pleurisy. 
Joseph  Bull.     Inflam.  Fever. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Henry  Butler. 
An  Infant  child  of  Samuel  Benton. 
Daniel,  son  of  Daniel  Dwight.     Canker. 


Consump 

2  years. 

i^  5^ears. 

60  years. 

2  weeks. 

10  Days. 

I  year. 


2732. 


24. 


Sally,  the  wife  of  Josiah  Bigelow.     Consumption. 

42  years. 
Sarah.     Negro.     Fever.  about  35  years. 

John  Roberts.     Drowned  in  Con:  River.    17  years. 
Mary  Ledyard.     Palsy.  82       " 

The  Widow  of  Epaphras  Seymour.     Consumption. 

28  years. 
Hezekiah  May.     Palsy,  gout  &c.  69      " 

12  in  1797.     Total  162. 


Appendix   III 


Z'^2> 


1798. 

2733- 

January 

3- 

2734- 

15. 

2735- 

February 

9- 

2736. 

March 

7- 

2737- 

9- 

273S. 

21. 

2739- 

2740. 

23- 

2741. 

27- 

2742. 

April 

19. 

2743- 

May 

6. 

2744- 

July 

31- 

!745- 


2746. 

August 

3- 

2747. 

15- 

2748. 

16. 

2749. 

28. 

2750. 

29. 

2751. 

31- 

2752.  vSeptem''   3. 

2753.  November  8. 


2754- 

30. 

2755- 

Dec' 

4- 

2756- 

1799- 

10. 

2757- 

January 

5- 

275S. 

13- 

2759- 

February 

23- 

2760.  March   13. 

2761.  30. 


Samuel  Smith.     Consumjition.  22  years. 

Lucy   Bliss,    daughter  of  Epaphras   Seymour,  de- 
ceased. I  year. 

Sally.     Daughter  of  Stephen  Skinner.     Fits. 

2  weeks. 

Sally,    the  Wife  of  Moses  Ensign.     Rheumatism. 
Consumption.  60  years. 

Peggy.    A  Negro.    Dropsy.    Complex.       48      " 

John,  son  of  John  Burbidge.     Peripneumony. 

13  years. 
An  infant  child  of  Jemima.     Negro. 

Mary  JuHana.  Daughter  John  Chenevard.  Den- 
tition. 8  months. 
Wid:  Temperance  Moore.  Consumption.  54  years. 
An  Infant  child  of  John  Porter.  Jun^  i  Hour. 
Wid:  Sarah  Farnsworth.  Fit.  68  years. 
Lorenzo,  son  of  James  Steele.  Dysentery.     Worms. 

14  Months. 
Louisa,    the  Wife   of  Joseph  W.    Seymour.     Con- 

38  years. 

77  years. 

32     " 

14  " 
Diarrhea. 

I  year. 
1     " 
Do.   & 


sumption. 
Wid:  Sarah  Bull.     Fever  and  Age. 
Mary  Waters.     Consumption  &c. 
Martha  Barnard.     Fever. 
A  Son  of  Lemuel  Adams.     Dentition. 

Sally.     Daughter  of  Elisha  Colt.     Do. 
Delia.    Daughter  of   Samuel  Thompson 

Tussis. 
Henry  Langdon  Flint.     Son  of  Rev'  / 

Mr.  Flint.     Dysentery.  f 

An  Infant  Child  of  Juda.     Negro 

Boston.     Fits. 
John  Brace.     Chronical. 
John  Cable.     Pleurisy.     Complex. 
William  Andruss.  Jun^     Dropsy. 
24  in  1798.     Total  186. 


J  years. 

Daughter  of 

I  week. 

55  years. 

5S      " 
35      " 


Anne,  the  wife  of  John  Van  Orden.     Consumption. 

40  years. 
An  Infant  Child  of  John  Carter.  2  Days. 

Mary  Anne.     Daughter  of  Joseph  W.  Seymour. 

7  Months. 
Wid:  Deliverance  Seymour.  Dropsy.  68  years. 
A  Negro  Child,  belonging  to  Levi  Robbins. 

2  years. 


384 


History  of  the  Church 


1799. 

l-](:il. 

April 

5- 

2763. 

21. 

2764. 

May 

12. 

2765. 

15- 

2766. 

22. 

2767. 

June 

8. 

276S. 

19. 

2769. 

July 

7- 

2770. 

August 

5- 

2771. 

Septem"' 

3- 

2772. 

25. 

2773- 

October 

13- 

2774- 

16. 

2775- 

20. 

2776. 

18. 

2777. 

1800. 

31- 

2778. 

February 

16. 

2779. 

March 

13- 

27S0. 

14. 

27S1. 

26. 

2782. 

23- 

2783- 

April 

13- 

2784. 

22. 

2785- 

29. 

2786. 

June 

2. 

2787.  10. 

2788.  18. 

2789.  July  II. 

2790.  24. 

2791.  August  26. 
2792. 

2793.  September 29. 

2794.  October  16. 


Polly,  the  wife  of  Alfred  Janes.     Consumption. 

22  years 
Wid:  Elizabeth  Bunce.     Consumption.       56 
Isaac  Dickenson.     Hemerods.  60       " 

Harry  Woodbridge.     Consumption.  24       " 

James  Starr.     Son  of  George  Burr.     Scalded. 

13  Months 
Anne  Barnard.     Rheumatism. 
Benjamin  Waters.     Cancer. 
Anne,  the  Wife  of  Joshua  Hempsted. 

tion. 
Prudence,  the  Wife  of  Frederic  Seymour. 


John  Thomas.     Apoplexy. 
Simeon  Edwards.     Negro.     Fever. 
Dige.     Negro.     Asthma. 
Isaac  Tucker.     Old  age.     Complex. 
Anne  Hempsted.     Consumption. 
George.  Son  of  George  Barrett.     Rattles 
Chauncey.  Son  of  George  Burr.     Tetanus.  9 
21.  in  1799.     Total  207. 


19  years. 

66  years. 
Consump- 

67  years. 
Con. 

30  years. 
66  years. 

35 

56       " 
8t 
32 
4 


2795- 


iS. 


Elijah  Clapp.     Dropsy.  47  years. 

Hannah.  AVife  of  John  Barnard.  Dropsy.  Palsy. 

62  years. 
Mary.  Wife  of  Roger  Clapp.     Suddenl3^       34     " 
An  Infant  Child  of  Stephen  Skinner.  1  Day. 

Wife  of  W"  Mize.     Pleurisy.  52  years. 

An  Infant  Child  of  W"'  Hudson,  3  Days. 

Widow  Sarah  Clark.     Old  age.  91  years. 

Freeman  Seymour.     Perpneumony.  45      " 

Pamela   Marietta.   Daughter  of  Frederic   Stanley. 
Cholic.  6  years. 

George,  son  of  John  Wheeler.  Deceased.  Drowned. 

8  j^ears. 
Hannah  Peter.     Negro.     Dropsy.  33  years. 

Ezekiel  Winchel.     Cold  water  &c.  42 

Emily.  Daughter  of  Jo:  Woodbridge.     Dysentery. 

17  Months. 
Clarissa.  Daughter  of  Elisha  Wells.  Fits.  6  weeks. 
Henry  A  Child  of  Porter  Burnham.       Dysenterj'. 

2  years. 
Polly  Sisson.     Consumption.  30      " 

A   Daughter   of   Ebenezer  Phelps.     Consumption. 

6  months. 
An  infant  child  of  George  Steele.     Fits.       10  Days. 


Appendix  III 


3S5 


2796.  November  10. 


2797. 

16. 

2798. 

Decern'' 
1801. 

17- 

2799. 

January 

30- 

2S00. 

March 

7- 

2801. 

19. 

2S02. 

April 

8. 

2803. 

May- 

5- 

2804. 

June 

8. 

2805. 

22. 

2806. 

July 

16. 

2807. 

Feb'-y 

2S08. 

August 

6. 

2809. 

Septem'' 

23- 

2SI0. 

October 

5- 

2SII. 

28. 

2812. 

2813. 

Decern'' 

16. 

2814. 

19. 

2815. 

1802. 

22. 

2816. 

January 

6. 

2817. 

29. 

2SI8. 

Feb^y 

12. 

2SI9. 

]\Iarch 

27. 

2820. 

April 

6. 

2821. 

14. 

2822. 

23- 

2823. 

May 

II. 

2824. 

June 

2. 

2825. 

12. 

2826. 

August 

29. 

2827. 

Sep' 

2828. 

17- 

2829. 

October 

13- 

Elizabeth.   Wife  of   George   Steele.    Consumption. 

28  years. 
Mary  Benton.     Complex.  49      " 

Salmon.   Son  of  Salmon  Bidwell.    Hydrocephalus. 

3  years. 
21  in  iSoo.     Total  228. 

Wid:  Eunice  Claj^p.  Old  age.  Aged  79  years. 

Henry,  son  of  Porter  Burnham.  3  Month. 

Betsey.  Daughter  of  Roger  Clapp.  Fever.  ]6  years. 

Michael,  son  of Tucker.    Fever.         18      " 

Lucy.  Wife  of  William  Whitman.  Hydrops  pectoris. 

32  years. 
James  Tajdor.         Complex. 
John  Kepple.  Apoplexy. 

Ralph  Bingham.  Complex. 
Thomas  Holland,  died  at  Sea. 
Harriet.  Daughter  of  William  Starr. 
Fitz   Edward.    Son   of  John   Burbidge. 

Rattles. 
Walter.  vSon  of  Levi  Robbins.  Jun^  Do. 
Caty.  Daughter  of  Cyprian  Nicolls. 
William.  Son  of  Jonathan  Bigelow 

Indies. 
Wid:  Eunice  Tucker.  Complex. 
Wid:  Anne  Humphrey.     Old  age. 
Joseph  Webster,  found  dead  in  a 

neck  broke  by  a  fall. 
17  in  1801.      Total  245. 


34 
43 
46 


Deceas'd. 
2  years. 


16  months, 
died  in  West 
17  years. 
72  years. 
87  " 
field.  Supposed 
50  years. 


Sarah,  -wife  of  Levi  Robbins. 

Wid:  D .  Brown.  Old  age. 

Rev.  Benjamin  Boardman.  Complex. 

An  infant  Child  of  Samuel  Danforth. 

Emily.  Daughter  of  Thomas  Tisdall. 

Uriah  Shephard. 

W'"  Hinsdale.     Consumption. 

James  McCurdy. 

James  Davenport  Seymour,  son  of  Tho= 

mour.     Fever. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Oliver  Miner.     Fits. 
An  Infant  child  of  Joseph  Winship.  Jun^ 
William  Clapp.     Fever  from  W.  Indies. 


Epaphras.  Son  of  W'"  Barnard.  Dec'.  Fever 

I] 
Wid:  Mary  Carter.  Old  age.  8( 


50  years. 

95      " 
70      " 

7  Days. 

8  years. 
40      " 
47      " 
54  years. 

Y.   Sey- 
4  years. 

10  Days. 

4  weeks. 

iS  years. 


25 


386 


History  of  the  Church 


1802. 

2830. 

Noveni'' 

3- 

2831. 

10. 

2832. 

24. 

2833. 

1803. 

2834. 

January 

19. 

2835- 

24. 

2836. 

April 

II. 

2837. 

23. 

2838. 

May 

3. 

2S39. 

13- 

2840. 

19, 

2841. 

June 

15- 

2S42. 

24, 

2S43. 

July 

27' 

2844. 


2845. 
2846. 

August   26. 
October   5. 

2847. 
2848. 
2849. 
2850. 

12. 
16. 

iS. 
20. 

2851. 

21. 
The  J 

2853. 
2854. 

Novemb''  18. 
20. 

2855. 

24. 

2856. 

29. 

2857- 

Decern''   2. 

2858. 


2859- 

2860. 
2861. 


Wid:  Anne  Sheldon.     Fever.  Complex.  73  years. 

Hez''  W.  Bissell.     Consumption.  30      " 

Wid:  Elizabeth  Kneeland.  Complex.  61 

Lewis  Bliss,  died  at  Sea.  24      " 
18  in  1802.     Total  263. 

Anne   Amelia.    Daughter   of  Jonathan   Chapman. 
Rattles.  2I  years. 

Nathaniel  Seymour.  Quick  consumption.  34  " 
An  Infant  Child  of  Dorus  Barnard.  i  Day. 

Samuel  Benton.     Complex.  52  years. 

Royal  Bissell.  Son  of  Rev.  A.  Flint.  Tussis.  i  " 
Anne.  Wife  of  Isaac  Jones.  Consumption.  35  " 
Wid:  Mary  Catlin.     Rupture.  75      " 

Robert  Seymour.     Hydrops  Pectoris.  41      " 

John  Jones.  Drowned.  55      " 

Catherine   Julia.    Daughter   of    Roderic    Sheldon. 
Tussis.  3  years. 

29.    Sarah.  Wife  of  Giles  Hurlburt.  Parturition. 

27  years. 
.  William.  Son  of  George  Steele.  Fever.  17  months. 
,    Timothy.     Son  of  Joseph  Winship.     Dysentery. 

14  years. 
.    Betsey.  Daughter  of        Wells.  Dysentery.  8      " 
.    Sarah.  Wife  of  Joseph  Winship.  Dysentery.  60    " 
.    Albert.  Son  of  Alfred  Jones.     Dysentery,      i      " 
.    Anne  Aureha.  Daughter  of  John  I.  Wells.  Scarlet- 
tina.  4  years. 

.    Seth  Elsworth.  Son  of  Do.  Do.  2 

above  two  children  were  buried  in  one  coffin. 

Samuel  Thompson.     Dropsy.  35   years. 

Henry.     Son  of  Nath'  Winship.     Dentition. 

14  months. 

Thirza.     Wife   of   Moses    Smith.  Jun^     Puerperal 

Fever.  28  years. 

Roxy.     Daughter  of  Benjamin  Smith.    Scarlettina. 

2  years. 
Horace.     Son  of  Noah  Humphrey.     Scarlettina. 

6  years. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Joseph  Butler.  Tussis.    7  weeks. 
24  in  1803.     Total  287. 


1804. 
January    26. 
February   5. 
24. 


An  Infant  Child  of  Chauncey  Benton.  14  Hours. 
Sophia  Bell,  a  Negro  child.  Tussis.  9  months. 
Samuel  Day.     Complex.  30  years. 


Appendix   III 


387 


IS04 

2S62. 

March 

3- 

2863. 

7- 

2864. 

9- 

2865. 

16. 

2866. 

18. 

2867. 

April 

5- 

2868. 

May 

26. 

2869. 

29. 

2870. 

June 

5- 

2871. 

2872. 

July 

I. 

2S73. 

August 

4- 

2874- 

7- 

2875. 

13. 

2876.  July  22. 

2877.  August  2. 

2878.  Septem''  13. 

2879.  Ocf  II. 


2S80. 

13. 

2881. 

Nov' 

20. 

2S82. 

Decern'' 
1805. 

14. 

2S83. 

January 

2. 

2884. 

31- 

2885. 

Joseph  Williams.     Son  of  Joseph  Hanson. 

21  months 
A  Child  of  Prince  Miranda.     Negro. 
Wid  :  Dorothy  Wells.     Old  age. 
An  Infant  Son  of  Joseph  Hanson. 
Ebenezer  Webster.     Fit. 
William  Hooker.     Fit.     Apoplexy. 
Samuel  P.  Son  of  Joshua  P.  Burnham. 


2S86.  February  10. 

2887.  19. 

2888.  March  26. 

2889.  April  7. 

2890.  April  18. 
2S91.  May  21. 
2892.  29. 


10  Weeks. 
86  years. 
3  Weeks. 
72  3-ears.  , 

55     " 
Scarlettina. 
15  months. 
Mary.     Daughter   of    Noah    Humphrey.      Scarlet- 
tina. 4  years. 
Mary.  Daughter  of  Samuel  Day.  Hydrops.  4 
Sally  Terry.     Apoplexy.                                   37 
George  Newton.     Son  of  E.  Canfield.     Hydroceph- 
alus.                                                                 3  !2  years 
Harriett.     Daughter  of  Reuben  Wadsworth.    Con- 
sumption. 9  years. 
Wid:  Mary  Barnard.     Dropsy.                     53 
Eunice.     Wife  of  Thomas  Steele.     Consumption. 

59  years. 
James  Steele.     Son  of    James  Steele,     drowned   at 
Sea.  22  years. 

John  McCurdy.  Starved  on  a  wreck  at  Sea.  27 
Joseph  Hanson.     Hemorrhage.  33 

An  Infant  child  of  Benjamin  | 

Smith.  J-  Twins.      4  Weeks. 

An  Infant  child  of      Do.  J 

.  the  Wife  of  Jeremiah  Barrett.  Fit.  42  ^-ears. 

William.     Son  of  Asa  Allen.  7  months. 

24  in  1804.     Total  311. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Sam'  H.  Webster.     Fits. 

3  months. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Roger  Clap.     Fits.        3  Weeks. 

Roswell.  Son  of  William  Andruss.  died  of  a  Fever 
at  Sea.  December  31.  1804.  18  years. 

William  Thomas.     Pleurisy.  74      " 

Wid:  Mary  Ensign.     Old  age.  78      " 

An  Infant  Child  of  Jonathan  Root.  7  months. 

Francis.     Son  of  Francis  Rockwell.   Fever. 

19  years. 

Oliver  Roberts.     Complex.  34  years. 

Wid:  Mary  Shepard.     Consumption.  43       " 

Mary.  Daughter  of  James  Taylor.     Dec'.     Scarlet- 
tina. 6  vears. 


388 


History  of  the  Church 


1805. 

2893.  June  I. 
2S94. 

2895.  August  I. 

2896.  4. 

2897.  iS. 

2898.  Septem'  24. 

2S99.   October    31. 

2900.  November  9. 

2901.  December  2. 

2902.  7. 


2903. 

14. 

2904. 

16. 

2905. 

20. 

2906. 

1806. 

27- 

2907. 

March 

20. 

290S. 

29. 

2909. 

April 

2. 

2910. 

]\Iay 

6. 

29II. 

15- 

2912. 

27. 

2913. 

28. 

2914. 

June 

II. 

2915- 

June 

18. 

2916. 

20. 

2917. 

July 

2. 

29IS. 

17- 

2919. 

August 

5- 

2920. 

26. 

2921. 

Septem' 

10. 

2922. 

13. 

2923. 


14. 


2924. 

16. 

2925. 

19. 

2926. 

24. 

2927. 

25. 

Pop.     Negro.     Dropsy. 
John  E.  Brewster,     died  at  Sea.  April  22. 
Wid  :  Sarah  Sweatland.     Old  age. 
Sarah,  the  wife  of  John  Steele.    Dropsy. 
Wid  :  Elizabeth  Webster.     Palsy. 
Henry.     Son  of  Henry  Butler. 

Indies. 
Lurancy.     Wife  of  William  Dexter. 


76  years. 
23 
82 
41 

83       " 
Fever  in  the  West 
1 9  years. 
Complex. 
42  years. 
John  Benton.     Paralysis.  81      " 

Mary.     Daughter  of  William  Davey.        13  months. 
Patty.     Wife   of    Jonathan  Hancock.        Puerperal 
Fever.  20  years. 

Henry.     Son  of  Isaac  Sanford.     Drowned.    7      " 
Mary  Wheeler.     Old  age.  87      " 

John  Carter.     Cancer  in  throat.  51      " 

A  Child  of  Samuel  Bartholomew.     Pleurisy. 

6  months. 
24  in  1805.     Total  335. 

Maria  A.  Raphael.     Dropsy.  41  years. 

John  Garsha.  a  Mulatto.     Fever.  29      " 

A  child  of  Jonathan  Skinner.     Fits.  9  months. 

Ichabod  Kellog.     Fever.  32  years. 

Lucy.  Daughter  of  Jared  Wells.    Pleurisy.  13      " 
Rebecca.  Wife  of  Elisha  Colt.     Consumption. 


38  years. 

48      " 
18      " 
70  years. 
60      " 
54      " 


John  Porter.     Consumption. 

Sophia  Wetherly.     Complex. 

Timothy  Steele.     Dropsy. 

Peter  Miranda.     Consumption.     Negro. 

PhilJis.     a  negro  Woman.     Dropsy. 

An  infant  child  of  John  Morrison.  Consumption. 

8  months. 

Martha.  Wife  of  Norman  Butler.     Complex. 

43  5'ears. 

Lucia.  Daughter  of  John  Allen.     Fe\-«r.       4 

A  Child  of  John  Shelter.     Dentition.         g  months. 

Nancy.     Daughter  of  Thomas  Tisdall.     Consump- 
tion. 

Chariot  tee.   Daughter  of  Wid ;  Trj'on. 
tion. 

An  Infant  Son  of  Elijah  Terry. 

Aaron,     a  Negro.     Old  age. 

Roger  Clap.     Colic. 

Widow  Tryon.     Consumption. 


25  years. 
Consump- 

27  years. 
S  months. 

83  years. 

43 
62 


Appendix   III 


389 


292S. 
2929. 
2930. 
2931. 
2932. 
2933- 
2934- 


2935- 

2936 
2937 

2938 

2939 
2940 

2941 
2942 

2943 
2944 

2945 
2946, 

2947 

2948 
2949 

2950, 
2951 

2952 
2953 
2954 
2955 
2956 

2957 
2958 

2959 
2960 
2961 


1S06, 
October     21. 
November  i. 
15- 

23- 

29. 

18. 

25- 


Dec 


1 807. 
January      9. 


March 


March 


April 


May 


June 

July 
August 


Septem'' 


30. 

5- 
8. 

II. 

14. 


25- 

28. 


8. 
24. 


A  Child  of Bullard. 

A  child  of  Peter  Pero.     Negro. 
Maria.     Daughter  of  David  Shephard. 
Joseph  Pero  Gilbert.     Negro.     Fever. 


Mrs.  Shelter. 
A  child  of  — 


Consumption. 
—  Johnson.     Negro. 


A  child  of  Nathan  Ruggles. 
28  in  1S06.     Total  363. 


4  months. 
2 

4  years. 

41      " 

27      " 
8  months. 

3 


Catliarine.  Daughter  of  Nath'  Benton.  Dec^. 

12  years. 
John,  son  of  John  Russ.     Rattles.  2       " 

Lucy  Jerome.  Daughter  of  Mrs.   Dexter.     Rattles 

7  years. 
An  Infant  child  of  Martin  Cables.  Do.  7  months. 
Wid:  Lucy  Stavely.     Consumption.  55  years. 

An  infant  child  of  John  Barnard.  Junv     Pleurisy. 

10  months. 
William,  son  of  Stephen  Camp.  Fever.  2  years. 
Julia.  Daughter  of  John  Robbins.  Do.  s'^ 
Orvel.  Son  of  Giles  Hurlbut.     Do.  2 

Sally.  Daughter  of  Giles  Hurlbut.     Do.         4 
Polly.  Daughter  of  Elijah  Clap.  Deed.   Do.    8>^ 
Mabel.  Wife  of  John  Clap.    Consumption.    37 
Emiline.  Daughter  of  Elisha  Babcock.    Scarlettina. 

10  j-ears. 
A  Son  of Fielding.     Fever. 


Laura.  Daughter  of  Robert  Ramsdell 

Wid:  Hannah  Painter.     Dropsy. 
George  H.    Son  of  Stephen  Collins. 


Prudence.  Wife  of  Josiah  Benton.     Do. 
Henry.    Son  of  Timothy  Barnard.    Fever. 
Zebulon  Seymour.     Cronic-Complex. 
Benjamin  Holland,  died  at  Sea. 
Charles.    Son  of  Samuel  Webster.    Fever.  13 
Horace  H.  son  of  Elisha  Bigelow.     Con.  Fits. 


S      " 
Fever. 
4  years. 
65      " 
Consumption. 
8  years. 
42 

6 
70 
24 


27.  Mary.     Wife  of  Thomas  Seymour  Esq^ 

7.  Samuel  Barnard.     Influenza. 

9.  Stephen  Pound.     Complex. 

27.  Hannah.  Wife  of  Barzillai  Hudson 


2962    October       4.     Honor AVhite.  Mortification, - 


3  years. 

Influenza. 

72  years. 

51      " 

59      " 
Influenza. 

58  years. 
Nail  in  foot.  43      " 


39° 


History  of  the  Church 


1S07. 


2963. 


24.  Sibyl.  Wife  of  Prince  Miranda. 


2964.  Novem''   6. 

2965.  Novem''  16. 

2966.  20. 


2967. 
2968. 

2969. 

2970.  Decern'' 

2971. 

2972. 
2973. 


25- 
29. 


15- 

24. 

27- 
31- 


1S08. 
2974.  January  10. 

2975- 

2976.  20. 

2977.  February    6. 

2978.  March        15. 


2979. 

2980.  April 

2981.  May 

2982.  June 

2983.  July 

2984.  August 
2985. 

2986. 


23- 

19. 

2. 

23- 
27- 

10. 

14. 


2987.  August      25. 

2988.  Septem"'    13. 
2989-  25. 


2990. 

October 

3. 

2991. 

7. 

2992. 

Nov"^ 

17 

2993- 

28. 

2994. 

Dec"" 

I. 

2995- 

19. 

Consumption. 

37  years. 
A  Daughter  of  Gains  Lyman.     Fits.  5  months, 

Mary.  Wife  of  Stephen  Skinner.     Colic.     50  years 
William,  son  of  William  Barnard.     Scarlettina. 

15  months, 

A  son  of Colton.     Do.  2  years 

A  Child  of  Richard  Sey-1  Natus  Mortuus 

mour.  I  Twins. 

A  Child  of  Do.  J 

Epilepsy. 


William  Hudson 

Abigail,  the  wife  of  Abel  Saunders. 

A  Child  of  Ledyard  Seymour.     Fits. 
Jeremiah,  son  of  Leonard  Kennedy. 


39  in  1807.     Total  402. 
Jemima.  Wife  of  Thomas  Tisdall. 


I  Day. 

39  years. 

Consumption. 

57  years. 

3  Months. 

Fever. 

20  Months. 


Charles,  son  of  William  Boardman. 
Delight.  Wife  of  Roswell  Wattles. 
Polly  Nott.     Consumption. 
Caty.  Daughter  of  Ashbell  Shepard. 

Reuben  Hadlock.     Consumption. 
John  Chenevard.     Dropsy  &c. 
An  infant  Son  of  Elisha  Colt. 
John  Wells.     Dropsy. 
Jonathan  Wells  Babcock.     Fever. 
Edward  Thomas.     Fever. 
Amelia.  Wife  of  Elisha  Colt.     Asth. 
Edwin,  son  of  Daniel  Seymour.  Jun 


Nathaniel  Hedges.     Fever. 

An  infant  Son  of  Nathaniel  Webb 

Anne.     Wife  of  Ariel  Hancock. 


Consumption. 
44  years. 
Fit.    12      " 
Fit.      58      " 
62      " 
Consumption. 
17  years. 

54      " 
38      " 
10  Days. 
57  years. 
28      " 
23      " 
Cons.  37      " 
Drowned. 
10  years. 
34  years. 
3  Weeks. 
Consumption. 

30  years. 
21      " 
15  Months. 
17  Months. 
14  years. 


2996. 


Fanny  Steele  Sanford.     Fever. 

M .     Daughter  of  John  Morrison. 

Leaveret.  son  of  Moses  Burr.     Scalded. 
Orra  Colton.     Fever. 
Ebenezer.  Son  of  Timothy  Barnard.  Fever.  15 
Emiline.     Daughter    of     Daniel     Seymour.     Jun^ 
Scalded.  2  years. 

Boston,  a  Negro,     old  age.  82      " 


Appendix  III 


39' 


iSoS. 


2997. 


28. 


1809. 
2998.  January  22. 


2999. 

3000. 

3001.  Feb''>' 

3002. 
3003. 

3004. 

3005. 

3006. 

3007.  March 

3008. 

3009. 

3010.  March 

3011. 

3012. 

3013. 

3014.  April 

3015.  June 
3016. 

3017.  July 
3018. 


27. 

28. 


24. 

27. 

28. 

1. 

2. 

5- 
6. 

7- 
8. 

19. 

21. 

16. 

22. 

10. 

iS. 


3019.  Septem'' 

3020. 

3021.  October 

3022. 

3023. 

3024.  November  3, 

3025.  December  1 7 

3026.  20, 


1810. 
3027.  January 
3028. 


19. 


Sarah.  Wid  of  Timothy  Steele,  died  at  Albany. 

68  years. 
24  in  1808.     Total  426. 

T.  Sophia.  Daughter  of  Timothy  Barnard.  Spotted 

Fever.  10  years. 

Abigail.  Wife  of  Levi  Robbins.  Jun'.    Parturition. 

37  years. 
Hope  Rol)bins.     Spotted  Fever.  19 

Eunice.  Wife  of   Sylvester  Wells.     Spotted  Fever. 

41  years. 
Mary  H.  Daughter  of        Do.  Do.     11      " 

Cornelia.  Daughter  of  Cyprian   Barnand.  Do. 


Catherine.         Do.  Do. 

Betsey.  Wife  of  Solomon  Loomis. 
Nancy.  Daughter  of  Jonathan  Bull. 
Hannah.        Do.  Do. 

Rebecca.        Do.  Do. 

John  Dodd. 

Josiah  Dodd.     Spotted  Fever. 
Phebe.  Wife  of  Cyprian  Barnard.  Do 

A  Child  of Wales.  Do. 

Joseph  Woodbridge.     Consumption. 

Roswell  Steele.     Peripneumony. 

Lucy.  Wife  of  Consider  Burt.     Epilepsy 


6  years 

Do. 

10 

Do. 

35      " 

Do. 

28      " 

Do. 

32      " 

Do. 

22 

Do. 

43      " 

Royal  Howell.     Measles. 
Jonathan  Bigelow.     Dropsy. 
John.  Son  of  Jcseph  Winship. 


Jun^ 


3029.  February   6. 

3030.  16. 


30  years. 

44      " 

16  months. 

60  years. 

44      " 

56      " 

76      " 

52      " 

Scalded. 

13  years. 
A  Child  of  Nathan  Ruggles.  Fever.  11  months. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Erastus  Flint.  Nat.  IMort. 

Charles.  Son  of  Elisha  Bigelow.     Fever.    14  years. 
Rhoda  Miranda.     Complex.  49 

Seth  Buckland.     Phrenitis.  27 

Delia.  Wife  of  Thomas  Tisdall.     Fever.    30 
Wid  :  Ann  Boardman.     Old  Age.  92 

Joseph  Church.     Old  age.  86 

29  in  1S09.     Total  455. 

James  Lamb.     Cancer.  58      " 

Amelia.  Wife  of  Rev.  Abel  Flint.     Consumption. 

45  years. 
Jonathan  Flagg.     Peripneumony.  65 

A  Child  of  Reynolds  Benton.  i  month. 


392 


History  of  the  CJutrch 


1810. 

3031. 

22. 

3032. 

3033- 

April 

10. 

3034- 

14. 

3035- 

20. 

3036. 

May 

15- 

3037- 

29. 

3038. 

June 

3- 

3039- 

July 

II. 

3040. 

17- 

3041. 

August 

2. 

3042. 

Septem' 

5- 

3043. 

30. 

3044. 

October 

14. 

3045- 

27. 

3046. 

28. 

3047- 

3048. 

Novem'' 

15- 

3049- 

28. 

3050. 

December  6. 

3051. 

7- 

3052. 

16. 

3053- 

1811. 

24. 

3054- 

January 

30. 

3055- 

February     7. 

3056. 

23- 

3057- 

28. 

3058. 

January 

26. 

3059- 

March 

20. 

3060. 

23- 

3061. 

April 

12. 

3062. 

May 

16. 

3063. 

23- 

3064. 

24. 

3065. 

25. 

3066. 

June 

2. 

3067. 

II. 

3068. 

22. 

3069. 

25' 

3070. 

A  Son  of  Daniel  Dwight.  5  years. 

Whiting  Seymour.  Jun'.  19      " 

Roswell  Wattles.     Fit.  66      " 

Abigail.    Wife  of  Jonathan    Hartshorn.      Spotted 
Fever.  30  years. 

Philena.  Wife  of  John  Morrison.  Dropsy.  30      " 
Harriet  Roberts.     Spotted  Fever.  22 

A  Child  of  George  Larkum.  17  months. 

John  White.     Dropsy.  78  years. 

A  child  of  Samuel  Bartholomew.  9  months. 

Polly.  Wife  of  Isaac  Kellogg.     Consumption. 

27  years. 
Elizabeth.  Wife  of  John  Allen.     Fits.  52      " 

Henry  R.  Seymour.     Consumption 
John  Clap.     Fever  at  sea. 
The  wife  of  Hosea  Sage.     Fever. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Isaac  Jones 


Asa  Sej^rnour.     Complex. 
The  Wife  of  Thomas  Ensign.     Complex 
Roderic  Larkum.     Consumption. 
An  infant  child  of  Eli  Wads  worth. 
Wid  :  Sybil  Boardman.     Old  age. 
Joseph  Bigelow.     Old  age. 
An  Infant  Child  of  Benjamin  Boardman.  2  months. 
Wid  :  Mary  Bunce.     Old  age.  95  years. 

27  in  1810.     Total  482. 


19 

45      " 
28      " 
Hooping  Cough. 

5  Weeks. 

51  years. 

44       " 

49 

5  Weeks. 

78  years. 
94      " 


Matthew  Grear.     Consumption. 

Wid:  Mary  Church.  Paralysis. 

Mary.  Wife  of  Seth  Hills.  Consumption. 

Asa  Benton.     Suddenly. 

Jared  Seymour,  died  at  Demarara. 

Reynolds  Benton.     Consumption. 

A  child  of  Titus.  Negro. 

Wid:  Lucy  Barrett.     Pleurisy. 

Thomas  Y.  Seymour.     Mania. 

An  infant  child  of  Mr Stive. 

Wid:  Ruth  Benton.     Old  age. 
Jonathan  Root.     Consumption. 
A  Child  of  Samuel  Waters. 
Lury.  Wife  of  Benjamin  Meachum. 


55  years. 

81      " 


Pero.  a  Negro. 

Michael  Seymour.     Nervous. 

Asa  Ensign.     Consumption. 


25 

69  " 
19  " 
43       " 

9  months. 
77  years. 

54      " 

I  Day. 
86  years. 

38      " 

3      " 
Consumption. 
2S  years. 

70  " 
62  " 
53       " 


Appendix  III 


393 


I8II. 

3071- 

August 

5- 

3072. 

18. 

3073- 

25- 

3074- 

Septem"' 

9- 

3075. 

25- 

3076. 

26. 

3077- 

Oct^ 

6. 

3078. 

October 

19. 

3079- 

23. 

3080. 

Novem'' 

16. 

3081. 

19. 

3082. 

23- 

30S3. 

Dec- 

2. 

3084. 

II. 

3085. 

15- 

3086. 

1812. 

16. 

3087. 

January 

7- 

3088. 

13- 

30S9. 

February 

6. 

3090. 

March 

14. 

3091. 

April 

25- 

3092. 

May 

4- 

3093- 

5. 

3094- 

12. 

3095- 

June 

26. 

3096. 

August 

15- 

3097- 

27- 

3098. 

Sep' 

9- 

3099- 

16. 

3100. 

Sep'' 

22. 

3101. 

Novem'' 

14- 

3102. 

Dec 

25- 

3103. 

1813. 

29. 

3104. 

January 

14. 

3105. 

Feb'.v 

4- 

Ashbcl  Dodd.     Complex.  54  years. 

An  Infant  Child  of  James  Skinner.  4  Weeks. 

An  infant  Child  of  Cephas  Fitch.  Negro.    4  Weeks. 
John,  son  of  Giles  Hurlburt.     Tetanus.         5  years. 
Caty.  wife  of  Prince  Miranda.    Negro.     Consump- 
tion. 23  years. 
Jonathan  Chapman.     Gout.                            56      " 
A    son    of    Matthew    Grear.    deceased.     Hooping 
Cough.  4  years. 
Julia  Ann  Wadsworth.        Consumption.    20  years. 
Anne.  Wife  of  Roswell  Stanley.    Do.           56      " 
Wid.  Rachel  Nott.     Negro.           Do.            37 
Hannah,  wife  of  Daniel  Bunce.  Jun^  Consumption. 

24  years. 
Abigail,  wife  of  Dorus  Barnard.  Dropsy.    52      " 
Catharine,  wife  of  Nathan  Ruggles.  Parturition. 

32  years. 
Wid:  Sarah  Dicken.son.     Typhus.  68      " 

William  Barnard.  29      " 

I\Iargaret.  wife  of  Daniel  Dwight.    Consumption. 

42  3'ears. 
33  in  1811.      Total  515. 

Roderick  Sheldon.     Fit.  52  years. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Joshua  Flint.  2  Days. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Noah  Humphrey.  12     " 

Sally  Harwood.     Drowned.  30  years. 

Joseph,  son  of  Joseph  Tucker.     Fever.         9  years. 
Hezekiah  Buckland.  Consumption.  27      " 

George  Steele.     Fever.  46 

Mary,  wife  of  Samuel  Wheeler.  Consumption. 

45  years. 
Juda.     Negro.     Consumption.  32      " 

Horace  Fosdick.     Tetanus.  19      " 

William  Ellery.     Dropsy.  72      " 

Samuel,  son  of  Edward  Watkinson.  13  months. 

Nancy  Humphrey.     Palsey.  48  years. 

Ruth,  wife  of  Daniel  Winship.  Complex.     43  years. 
Anne.  Widow  of  Zebulon  Seymour.     Dropsy. 

73  years. 
Mrs  Elizabeth  Sage,  of  Middletown.  49 

Rose.  Wid:  of  Boston.  Negro.     Old  age.    89 
17  in  1812.     Total  532. 

H.  Allen  Warner.  Peripneumony.  45  years. 

Wid:  Louisa  Burbidge.     Do.  55      " 


394 


History  of  the  Church 


1S13. 


3106. 


3107. 

II. 

3108. 

12. 

3109. 

•70 

31x0. 

31 1 1.  March 

10. 

3112. 

18. 

3113- 

20. 

3114- 

24. 

3115- 

26. 

3II6. 


3132. 


30. 


3117- 

31- 

31IS. 

3119- 

May 

19. 

3120. 

23- 

3I2I. 

3122. 

May 

30. 

3123. 

June 

9- 

3124- 

10. 

3125. 

20. 

3126. 

3127- 

July 

2. 

3128. 

3' 

3129. 

23- 

3130. 

31- 

3131- 

Sepf 

7' 

13- 


3133- 

25- 

3134- 

October 

7' 

3135- 

28. 

3136- 

Novem'' 

9- 

3137- 

20. 

3138. 

Dec'- 

15. 

3139- 

22. 

3140. 

23- 

3I4I. 

28. 

Phila.  Wife  of  Edward  McGuier.  Parturition. 

25  years. 
Edward.     Negro.  55      " 

A  Negro  woman.     Peripneumony.  25      " 

Asa  Bunce.  Do.  57      " 

Martha  J.  Daughter  of  Samuel  Danforth.     Cholic. 

5  years. 
A  child  of  Porter  Burnham. 
Ashbell  Shepard.  Consumption. 
Thomas  B.  son  of  John  M.  Gannet. 
Samuel  Webster.  Peripneumony. 
Mrs  Mary  Ann  Dodd.  wife  of  Elisha  Dodd.  Child- 
bed. 27  years. 
The  Widow  of  Samuel  Webster.     Peripneumony. 

59  years. 
The  Wife  of  Lemuel  Swift.  Consumption. 
The  Wife  of  Jesse  Harwood.     Complex. 
Mercy.  Wife  of  William  Waters.  Peripn. 
Daniel  Williams.     Consumption. 
An  Infant  Child  of  John  Barnard.  Jun^ 

The  Wife  of Morley.     Peripn. 

Samuel  Clark.     Dropsy. 
An  Infant  Child  of  W"  Marsh. 
Mary  Bull.     Consumption. 
Jacob  Cole.     Peripneumony. 
An  Infant  of  Charles  Shepard. 
Trueman  McLean.  Consumption. 
A  child  of  Ebenezer  Hurlburt. 
Charles  Sheldon.     Epilepsy. 
A  Child  of  Noah  Humphrey. 


10  months. 

58  years. 
15  months. 

63  years. 


27 

61      " 

46      " 

27  " 

I  Week. 
25  years. 
70  " 
5  Weeks. 
72  years. 
58      " 

8  Days. 

28  y". 
15  Months. 

56  years. 


Convulsions. 

9  Weeks 
Mary.  Daughter  of  Phineha  Shepard.     Fits. 

20  years 

A  Child  of .Myers.  i 

A  Child  of  Jonathan  C.  Fairman. 
Patty.   Daughter  of  John  Carter.  Dec'd. 


Wid:  Anne  Clapp. 

Catherine  Shepard.    Consumption. 

John  Shepard.     Peripneumony. 

A  Child  of  Usher. 

Lydia  Dodd.     Complex. 

John  Barnard.     Do. 

38  in  18  J  3.     Total  570. 


I  year. 
Fever. 
19  years. 
92      " 
24      " 

77      " 
3  Months. 
50  years. 
81      " 


Appendix   HI 


395 


ISI4. 

3142. 

January 

3- 

3143- 

February 

'  21. 

3144- 

]\Iarch 

20. 

3145- 

April 

16. 

3146. 

17- 

3147- 

16. 

3I4S. 

17- 

3149- 

27- 

3150. 

23. 

3151- 

May 

I. 

3152. 

3- 

3153- 

5- 

3154- 

June 

5- 

3155- 

13- 

3156. 

18. 

3157- 

July 

28. 

3158. 

August 

II. 

3159- 

17- 

3160. 

21. 

3I6I. 

25- 

3162. 

28. 

3163. 

SeiDtem' 

5- 

3164. 

3165. 

16. 

3166. 

July 

21. 

3167. 

Sept' 

18. 

3168. 

30. 

3169. 

Nov' 

19. 

3170. 

Nov' 

27- 

3171- 

Dec' 

1S15. 

19. 

3172. 

IMarch 

IT. 

3173- 

16. 

3174- 

27- 

3175- 

May 

I. 

3176. 

II. 

3177- 

16. 

3I7S. 

June 

10. 

29  years. 

50      " 

23      " 

3  Months, 

42  years. 

61      " 

47      " 

I 

32      " 

I  Hour. 

30  years. 

Daniel  Bunco.  Jun'.     Consumption. 

Thomas  Williams.     Consumption. 

Rebecca,  wife  of  W™  Dunham.     Fever. 

A  Child  of  Miss  Brunson. 

Joseph  Barrett.     Peripneumony. 

Wid:  of  Samuel  Clark.     Do. 

Samuel  Pel  ton.     Do. 

A  Child  of  Joseph  Fuller.     Lung  Fever 

Jonathan  Bissell.     Fever. 

An  Infant  Child  of  William  ]\Iarsh. 

Peter  Bunce.     Peripneumony. 

Lydia.     Wife  of  William  Marsh.     Parturition. 

22  5'ears 
Julia  Ann.  Daughter  of  Jon"  Root.  Dec'''.  12      " 
Asa  Allen.     Fit.     suddenh-.  47      " 

Consider  Burt.     Paralysis.  70      " 

Edwin,  son  of  Uzal  Miner.     Whooping  Cough. 

4>^  years 
An  infant  child  of  Thomas  Williams. 
A  Child  of  Sally  Hadlock. 
Wid.  Martha  King.     Complex. 
A  child  of  Henry  Winship.     Diarrhoea 
Wid:  Mary  Steele.     Old  age. 
A  child  of  Uzal  Miner.     Diarrhoea. 
A  child  of  Henry  Buckland. 
AVid:  Marv  Thomas. 


I  hour. 
I  V-y  vears. 


5  Months. 
87  years. 

iK      " 
4  Months. 
73  years. 


Joseph  Bigelow.  died  at 

Albany. 
James  Bigelow.   Fever.    I 
Ebenezer  Benton.     Do. 
A  Child  of  Luther  Burt 


sons  of  John  B. 


20 
24 


Whooping  Cough. 

17  Months. 
Polly  Dolphin.     Fever.  iS  years. 

Wid:  Elizabeth  Seymour.     Fever.  70      " 

30  in  1S14.     Total  600. 


A  Child  of  Lucius  Nichols. 

Wid:  Sarah  Hadlock. 

Catharine,    daughter    of    John  Shelter. 

fever. 
William  Andruss.     Old  age. 
Wid:  Rachel  Wheaton.     Fit. 
Elisha  Williams.     Fit. 
A  Child  of Hixson.     Negro. 


3  months. 

65  years. 

Spotted 

13  years. 

79  " 
83  " 
60      " 


39^ 


History  of  the  Church 


1815. 
3179.   July 
3180. 

31  Si.  August 
3182.  Sepf 
3183- 
3184. 

3185.  October 
3186. 


16. 
30. 

S. 

5- 
8. 

30. 
6. 

14. 


3187.  29. 

3188.  November  6. 

3189.  7. 

3190.  10. 

3191.  12. 

3192.  20 

3193.  21. 
3194-  22. 
3195.  Sept^ 


1S16. 

3196.  January      <8 

3197.  21 

3198.  February    i 

3199.  8 


3201. 

13- 

3202. 

16. 

3203. 

17 

3204. 

20. 

3205. 

21 

3206. 

23 

3207. 

26 

3208. 

March 

21. 

3209. 

3210. 

April 

4 

32II. 

8 

3212. 

May 

4 

3213- 

3214. 

12 

3215- 

31 

3216. 

3217- 

J^^iy 

3 

A  Child  of  John  Barnard. 

A  Child  of  Jacob  Carney.     Negro. 

William  Dexter.     Fever. 

Huldah  Seymour. 

Joseph  Whiting  Seymour. 

Patty  Howel.     Consumption. 

A  daughter  of  Jed""  Hovey.     Fever. 

Eliza,  daughter  of  Josiah  Hempsted. 


13  months. 
2  years. 

58 ' 


53 

44 

■4 

Fever. 

12  years. 
An  infant  child  of  Lewis  Boardman.  3  weeks. 

Lucy.  Wife  of  James  Ensign.     Influenza.     45  j'ears. 
Daniel  Seymour.  Do.  85      " 

Catherine,  daughter  of  George  Steele,  dec*.  9      " 
Martha,  wife  of  Josiah  Clarke.     Influenza.   73      " 


Joseph  Winship.  Do. 

Stephen  Roberts.     Consumption. 
Lemuel  Steele.     A  fall. 
Cap.  Thomas  Warren,  lost  at  sea. 
24  in  181 5.     Total  624. 

A  child  of  Elijah  Clap.     Fits. 
A  child  of  Silas  Andrus.     Measles. 
Molly,  widow  of  Lemuel  Steele. 
Elizabeth,  wife  of  Chauncey  Barnard. 

tion. 
L.  Robbins.  son  of  John  Barnard 


76 

38 
73 


Wid  :  Miriam  Clapp. 

Daniel  C.  Seymour.     Spotted  Fever. 

Henry  Dwier.     Consumption. 

Prudence  Benton.     Spotted  Fever. 

Samuel,  son  of  Nathaniel  Wales. 

A  child  of  Samuel  Steele. 

Fanny,  wife  of  Charles  Dodd.     Fever 

Hannah,  daughter  of  Luther  Peck. 

The  wife  of Phelps. 


3  Months. 

13       " 

69  years. 

Consump- 

45  years. 

Spotted  Fever. 

14  years. 

57      " 
18      " 

39      " 

37      " 

7      " 


23      " 

S      " 

45      " 
Peripneumony. 
31  years. 
Do.       41      " 
Do.        20      " 

13  months. 
Consumption. 

19  years. 
Ashbell.  )  Children  of  Stephen  Collins.  11  years. 
Elizabeth.   )      Scarlettina.  8      " 

Frederic  Webster,     complex.  26      " 


Philura.  wife  of  Jedidiah  Hovey. 


Cynthia,  wife  of  Joseph  Foote. 
Harris  Hayden. 
A  Child  of  Daniel  Winship. 
Mary.  Daughter  of  Joel  Fish. 


Appendix  III 


397 


1816. 

321S. 

August 

iS. 

3219. 

28. 

3220. 

Sepf 

16. 

3221. 

24. 

3222. 

October 

8. 

3223. 

12. 

3224. 

IS- 

3225. 

IS- 

3226. 

Dec 

16. 

3227. 

17- 

3228. 

22. 

3229. 


25- 


I8I7. 

3230. 

Jan. 

6. 

3231- 

10. 

3232. 

3233- 

II. 

3234- 

12. 

3235- 

Feb. 

4- 

3236. 

10. 

3237- 

18. 

3238. 

20. 

3239- 

21. 

3240. 

March 

27. 

3241. 

April 

17- 

3242. 

23- 

3243- 

30. 

3244- 

July 

19. 

3245- 

August 

2. 

3245^ 

13- 

3246. 

August 

15- 

3247- 

Sep. 

5- 

324S. 

8. 

3249- 

3250. 

12. 

3251- 

27- 

3252. 

Oct. 

9- 

3253- 

20. 

3254- 

An  infant  child  of vSmith.  4  weeks. 

An  infant  child  of  Joel  Fisk.  i  Day. 

A  Child  of  Nathan  Ruggles.  16  months. 

Phebe  Preston,  daughter  of  Elijah  Knox.  10     Do. 
A  Child  of  Capt.  Levi  vStewart.  2  months. 

Catherine  Dige.     Negro.     Consumption.    21  years. 
Hart  Forbes.     Dropsy.  27 

Charles  Waterman.     Kicked  by  a  horse.     56      " 
Frances  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Henry  Barnard. 

17  months. 
Joseph  Woodbridge.  Dropsy.  32  years. 

vSarah.  wife  of  Daniel  Hinsdale.  Jun'.     Parturition. 

31  years. 
Elizabeth.  Wife  of  Retiben  Wadsworth.     Fits. 

55  years. 
34  in  1816.     Total  658. 

Wid.  Hannah  Bunce.     Consumption.  63  years. 

WiUiam  Steele.     Complex.  48      " 

A  child  of  James  Taylor.  6  months. 

An  infant  child  of  Ariel  Hancok.  11  days. 

Wid.  Mary  Gains.  84  years. 

Jonathan  C.  Fairman.     Consumption.  39      " 

Elijah  Humphrey.     St.  Anthony  Fire.  66      " 

A  child  of  ]\Ir.             House.  5  months. 

Michael  Shepard.     Consumption.  28  years. 

A  child  of  Uzal  Miner.  14  weeks. 
An  infant  Child  of  Dan'  Hinsdale.  Jun^   3  months. 

A  child  of  Jonathan  Green.  7 

Lucy,  wife  of  James  Steele.     Dropsy.  55  years. 

Hannah,  wife  of  W""  Hart.     Fever.  52      " 

Martha  D.  Daughter  of  James  Barnard.  18  months. 

Elizabeth  Butler.     Complex.  49  years. 

Mary  Bodge.     Consumption.  17 

Thomas  Steele.  Jun.     Consumption.  38  years. 

Ruth,  wife  of  Jon"  Butler.     Cancer.  80 

An  infant  child  of  John  E.  Hart.  3  hours. 

A  child  of  John  Gaines.  4  months. 

The  widow  of  Elisha  Williams.  61  years. 
Samuel,  son  of  Joshua  P.  Burnham.  drowmed. 

10  years. 

A  child  of  W.  Stephenson.  15  months. 

Jacob  Carney.  59  years. 

A  child  of  Elisha  Dodd.  15  months. 


398 


History  of  the  Church 


I8I7. 

3255- 

Nov. 

14. 

3256. 

22. 

3257- 

Dec. 

1818. 

25- 

3258. 

Jan. 

14. 

3259- 

18. 

3260. 

30. 

3261. 

Feb. 

24. 

3262. 

March 

3- 

3263. 

16. 

3264. 

17- 

3265. 

19. 

3266. 

26. 

3267. 

April 

24. 

3268. 

May 

2. 

3269. 

7- 

3270. 

II. 

3271. 

May- 

12. 

3272. 

August 

25- 

3273- 

26. 

3274- 

30. 

3275- 

Sep. 

2. 

3276. 

13- 

3277- 

20. 

3278. 

24. 

3279- 

26. 

3280. 

Oct. 

9- 

3281. 

23- 

3282. 

29. 

3283. 

Nov. 

16. 

3284. 

20. 

3285. 

Dec. 
1819. 

27- 

3286. 

Jan. 

8. 

3287. 

9- 

328S. 

Feb. 

I. 

3289. 

9- 

3290. 

II. 

3291. 

13- 

3292. 

4- 

3293- 

15. 

3294. 

March 

9- 

Rhoda.  Wife  of  Elisha  Shepard.  64  years. 

James  Steele.  63      " 

Widow Lamb,     old  age.  87 

29  in  1817.     Total  6S7. 

Mrs  Lewis.     Consumption.  43  years. 

Dorus  Barnard.     Dropsy.  59      " 

A  child  of  Edward  Steele.    Hydrocephalus.  3      " 
A  child  of  Alvan  Stedman.  10  months. 

Barnabas  Swift.     Consumption.  58  years. 

A  son  of  Moses  P.  Holt.     Fits.  20  months. 

A  son  of  Richard  Sejmiour.  Jun.  2  ^  years. 

Mabel,  wife  of  Joel  Fish.     Consumption.  39      " 


10  days. 
43  years. 
10  weeks. 
28  years. 
62  " 
81  years. 
73       " 


A  child  of  Joel  Fish. 

Horace  Andrews.     Consumption. 

An  child  of  Horace  Goodwin.  1^. 

Edward  Andrews. 

Mary,  wife  of  Robert  Waterman.  Palsy. 

Josiah  Clark.     Old  age. 

Roswel  Stanley. 

Mary  Howel.     Cancer.  50       " 

A  child  of  Chauncey  Waters.     Dentition. 

17  months. 
Thomas  Tisdall.     Fit.  61  years. 

A  child  of  Seth  Hills.     Cholera.  \%, 

A  child  of  Jonathan  Skinner.  Jun.  2 

Charles  Shepard.     Consumption.  55 

Hannah  Barrett.     Old  age.  85 

Jesse  Harwood.     Complex.  67 

A  child  of  James  Dodd.  6  months. 

Joseph  Belden.     Consumption.  33  years. 

Anne.  Wife  of  Peter  B.  Gleason.     Fever.    38 
Wid:  Mary  Seymour.     Old  age.  93 

Wid:  of  Edward  Dolphin.     Negro.     Fit.    65       " 
28  in  1S18.     Total  715. 

Dorothy  Warren.     Palsy.  68  years. 

Julia  Bradley.     Rheumatism.  14 

Bede.  Wife  of  William  Camp.     Hernia.  57 
A  son  of  Rufus  Dunton.     Drowned.  7 

William  Stanley.     Epilepsy.  37 

Freeman  Shepard.     Peripneumony.  43 
Sally,  daughter  of  John  Robbins.     Fever. 

at  New  York.  20  years. 

Wid:  Elizabeth  Benton.     Old  age.  95       " 

James  S.  Son  of  Elijah  Terry.     Fever.  20       " 


Appendix   III 


399 


1819. 


3295- 

28. 

3296. 

31- 

3297- 

April 

13- 

329S. 

May 

31. 

3299- 

June 

5- 

3300. 

July 

9- 

3301. 

August 

3- 

3302. 

4- 

3303- 

■   7. 

3304- 

October 

7. 

3305. 

8. 

3306. 

Nov. 

10. 

3307- 

26. 

330S.  Dec. 


3309- 

3310. 

33II- 

3312. 

3313- 
3314- 
3315- 
3316. 
3317- 
3318. 
3319- 
3320. 
3321. 
3322. 
3323- 
3324- 
3325- 
3326. 

3327- 

332S. 

3329- 
3330. 


1S20. 
Jan. 


Feb. 

April 

May 
June 

July 

July 
Sep. 

Oct. 


16. 


9- 

3- 
II. 
iS. 
24. 

6. 
14. 

2. 
26. 

3- 
iS. 
26. 

6. 
10. 
15- 

24. 
14. 
24. 


Jonathan  Crosby.     Consumption.  51  years. 

An  Infant  Child  of  Harry  Winship.  i  month. 

Henry  Sooter.     Hydrothorax.  33  years. 

Elizabeth,    wife    of    Daniel    Hinsdale.     Peripneu- 
mony.  65  years. 

Wid:  Jerusha  Benton.     Complex.  76       " 

An  Infant  Child  of  W'"  Montague.  i  Day. 

James  Hinsdale.     Cynanche.  67  years. 

Widow  of  Jonathan  Chapman.  63       " 

A  Child  of Withenb^iry.  drowned.     19  months. 

David  Gay.     Complex.  35  years. 

Jerusha.  daughter  of  J.  Webster,   deceased.     Dys- 
entery. 21  years, 
the  wife  of  George  Barrett.               60 

Nancy,  wife  of  John  Hart.     Consumption. 

34  years. 

Calvin  Seymour.     Complex.  53       " 

23  in  1S19.     Total  738. 


7.     A  Child  of  Sylvester  Clark.     H^-drocephalus. 

\%,  years. 
[2.     W^id:  of  Elijah  Humphre3\     Peripneumony. 

66  years. 
I.     Mehitabel.  wife  of  Thomas  Belden.     Chronic. 

58  years. 
A  Child  of  Nathaniel  Woodhouse.     Tussis. 

4  months. 
60  years. 
76       " 
4  days. 

3  months. 
21  years. 

5  hours. 

4  months. 
50  years. 

17  " 

66  " 
15  years. 

18  " 

67  " 


John  Knowles. 

Stephen  Webster. 

An  infant  child  of  Samuel  Steele. 

An  infant  child  of  Ariel  Hancock. 

Chauncey  Seymour.     Dysentery. 

An  infant  of  Augustus  Reed. 

An  infant  of  Henry  Barnard. 

Wid.  Jemima  Shepard.     Consumption 

Ira  Wadsworth.     Fever. 

George  Seymour.     Do. 

George,  son  of  George  Benton.     Fever 

Catherine  Birkenhead.  Do. 

The  wife  of  Daniel  Bunce.     Complex. 

A  child  of  Jedidiah  Hovey. 

A  child  of  W^illiam  W'adsworth. 

W'idow  Webster.     Old  age. 

Daniel  Seymour.     Lock  Jaw. 

Lucius,  son  of  Ariel  Hancock.     Fever. 


15  months. 
87  years. 
52      " 
14      " 


400 


History  of  the  Church 


1820. 

3331- 

27 

3332.  Nov. 

12 

3333.  Dec. 

10. 

3334- 


1821. 

3335- 

Jan. 

16. 

3336- 

17- 

3337- 

Feb.  ■ 

iS. 

333S. 

March 

20. 

3339- 

April 

7- 

3340. 

3341- 

May 

16. 

3342. 

26. 

3343- 

30. 

3344 

July 

28. 

3345- 

31- 

3346. 

August 

I 

3347- 

12. 

334S. 

August 

18. 

3349- 

25 

3350. 

10 

3351- 

Sept. 

3- 

3352. 

October 

13- 

3353- 

20 

3354- 

31- 

3355- 

Nov. 

2 

3356. 

4 

3357- 

8. 

3358. 

16. 

3359- 

3360. 

23- 

3361 

28. 

3362 

Dec. 

I. 

3363 

1822. 

8 

3364 

Jan. 

^  . 

3365 

17 

An  Infant  child  of  Lucius  Nicolls.  3  weeks. 

Abigail  Whitman.     Paralysis.  74  years. 

Ruth,  wife  of  Stephen  Collins.  Consumption. 

44  years. 
John  Hooker.     Fever.  74      " 

26  in  1820.     Total  764. 

Josiah  Bingham.     Froze.     Intox.  45  years. 

Joshua  Hempstead.     Old  age.  87  " 

A  daughter  of  Ezra  Corning.     Hooping  cough. 

7  years. 
A  child  of  John  Humphrey.     Dropsy.  2      " 

Elisha  Babcock.     Peripneumony.  68      ' 

A  child  of  Louisa  Waters.  5  months. 

James  Bigelow.     Apoplexy.  73  years. 

Eliza,  daughter  of  Samuel  Camp.  Fever.     15 
William  Boardman.  Hydrothorax.  58 

Wid.  Susan  Todd.     Consumption.  69 

Elizur  Carter.  Do.  61 

Clarissa  Chamberlain.     Do.  28 

A  Child  of  Zared  Eaton.     Whooping  Cough. 

4  Weeks. 
Joseph  Humphrey.  81  years. 

Wid:  Mary  Shepard.     Dropsy.  66 

George  Hempstead.     Fever  at  sea.  21 

Maria  Jane,  daughter  of  Zared  Eaton.  3 

Wid.  Prudence  Andrus.     Consumption.      35 
Bela  Burt.     Fits.  54 

Wid:  Lucia  Seymotir.     Dropsy.  61 

A  Child  of Mar.shall.     Measles.  2 

Cynthia  Ann.  daughter  of  Rufus  Bunce.    Measles. 

3  years. 
George  Clapp.  son  of  Rufus  Bunce.  Measles. 

I  year. 
Do.  3  years. 

32      " 
Measles. 

24      " 

A  Child  of  Meachum.     Measles.  i 

A  Child  of  Horace  R.  Seymour.  4  Weeks. 

Sally,  daughter  of  John  Russ.   Consumption. 

19  years. 
29  in  1821.     Total  793. 

Wid.  Cynthia  Swift.     Peripneumony.  52  3'ears. 

A  child  of  Richard  Waterman.  Measles.       2 


George,  son  of  Horace  Burr. 
William  Hart.     Consumption. 
Sarah,  daughter  of  Dan'  Hinsdale. 


Appendix  III 


401 


1822. 

3366. 

28. 

3367- 

Feb. 

iS. 

3368. 

3369- 

24. 

3370. 

28. 

3371- 

April 

10. 

3372. 

14. 

3373- 

AjDril 

15- 

3374- 

3375- 

May 

8. 

3376. 

16. 

3377- 

June 

27. 

3378. 

28. 

3379- 

July 

20. 

3380. 

August 

29. 

3381. 

Sep. 

20. 

3382. 

Oct. 

5. 

3383- 

7- 

3384. 

19. 

3385- 

Nov. 

33S6. 

3387- 

Dec. 

3388. 

3389- 

3390. 

3391- 

1823. 

31- 

3392. 

Jan. 

7- 

3393- 

8. 

3394- 

27- 

3395. 

Feb. 

7- 

3396. 

15- 

3397- 

17- 

3398. 

March 

iS. 

3399- 

April 

25- 

3400. 

Max- 

14. 

3401. 

19. 

3402. 

28. 

3403 

August 

I. 

3404- 

8. 

3405- 

October 

20. 

3406. 

Nov 

10. 

Nancy  Saunders.  Epilepsy. 

Wid:  Huldah  Williams.     Complex. 

Prudence,  daughter  of Andrus. 


dec^. 


Wid:  of  John  White.     Old  age. 

A  child  of  Charles  Shepard.     Measles. 

Molly  Dodd.     Dropsy. 

Wid:  Mary  Dodd.     Consumption. 

John  Dana,     drowned. 

A  child  of  Silas  Andrus.     Measles. 

Do.  Do.  Do. 

Jason  Shepard.     Consumption. 
George  Wyllys.     Epilepsy. 
The  Wife  of  John  Gains.     Consumption. 
A  Child  of  George  Wyllys. 
Richard  Seymour,     a  sudden  fall. 
A  Child  of  George  Barnard. 
James  Nicolls.     Malignant  Fever.  41  years. 

A  Child  of  Samuel  Wheeler.  11  Months. 

Julius.  £0:i  of  Richard  Sej^mor.  Jun.  a  fall.  6 years. 
Edward  Seymour.     Typhus  Fever. 
A  Child  of  James  Wright. 
Uzal  Miner.     Consumption. 
The  wife  of  Eza  Corning.     Fever. 
Geeorge  Stanley,  sudden. 
A  Child  of  Hez:  Bunce.     Worms. 
Abagail  Andrus.     Consumption. 
28  in  1S22.     Total  821. 


33  years. 
69      " 

Measles. 

4  years. 

87      " 
3      " 

57      " 

67      " 

33  years. 

2.'       " 
I      " 

20      " 

35       " 
25 
3  months. 
59  years. 
II  Months. 


59  " 
10  months. 
37  years. 
45  " 
56  " 
2  " 
21      " 


James  Burt.     Consumption.  31  years. 

The  wife  of  Thomas  Williams.      Do.  49      " 

A  child  of Fuller.     Do.  5  Months. 

Abel  Saunders.     Peripneumony.  62  years. 

The  Wife  of  William  Elsworth.     Fit.  25      " 

The  Wife  of  David  Boston.  Consumption.   51      " 
Alfred  Wyllys.  33  years. 

Oliver  Terry.     Peripneumony.  59      " 

John  Carter.     Consumption.  42      " 

George  Benton.     Peripneumony.  45      " 

Elisha  Bigelow.     Decay.  72      " 

Earzillai  Hudson.     Old  Age.  82      " 

George  Benton.     Insania.  37      " 

A  Daughter  of  Henry  Steele.     Hydrocephalus. 

3  years. 
William  Dodd.     Complex. ,  46      " 


26 


402  History  of  the  Church 

1823. 


3407. 

II. 

Martha.  Widow  of  John  Barns 

Lrd.  ] 

Palsey.  71  years. 

340S. 

14. 

Austin  Porter.     Fever. 

24      " 

3409- 

27. 

Heppy.     Wife  of  Jed'>  Hovey. 

Consumption. 

41  years. 

iS  in  1S23.     Total  839. 

1824. 

3410. 

Feb. 

7- 

Sally  Taylor.     Consumption. 

36  years. 

34II. 

March 

16. 

Widow  of  Richard  Seymour. 

Fit. 

59      " 

3412. 

April 

2. 

Daniel  Bunce.     Complex. 

77      " 

3413- 

do 

22. 

Reuben  Chamberlain.     Compl 

ex. 

69  years. 

3414- 

May 

6">. 

John,  son  of  Reuben  Chamberlain. 

Drown'd. 

9  years. 

3415. 

do 

9- 

Jane  Benton.     Drowned. 

30  years. 

3416. 

26. 

Luther  Burt.     Fit. 

44      " 

3417.  June  6.     The  widow  of  Reuben  Chamberlain.     Complex. 

[Here  ends  the  record  of  deaths  in  Dr.  Flint's  book,  continued  in  his 
handwriting  for  six  months  after  his  retirement  from  the  pastorate.] 


BAPTISMS 


By  Rev.  Joel  H.  Linsley,  D.D.,  Rev.  Cornelius  C.  Vanarsdalen, 
D.D.,  Rev.  Oliver  E.  Daggett,  D.D.,  and  Rev.  Walter  Clark,  D.D., 
1824-1859,  Chronologically  and  Alphabetically  arranged. 

John  Stuart,  son  of  Robert  Allen. 

Austin  Terry,  son  of  James  H.  Ashmead. 

Mary  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  James  H.  Ashmead. 

Helen  Maria,  daughter  of  James  H.  Ashmead. 

William   Hayden,   son  of  Roswell  S.    Andrus    (at 

home). 
Mary   Elizabeth,    dau.    of  Roswell   S.    Andrus   fat 

home). 
Robert  Howell,  son  of  J.  H.  Ashmead. 
Harriet  Russ,  dau.  of  J.  H.  Ashinead. 
Susan  Jane,  dau.  of  J.  H.  Ashmead. 
William  Henry,  son  of  Henry  P.  Allen. 
Helen  Lucinda,  dau.  of  William  Andrus. 
Elizabeth  Isabella,  dau  of  William  Andrus. 
Catherine,  dau.  of  William  Andrus. 
William,  son  of  William  Andrus. 
Cornelia  Andrus     (Profession). 
Mary  Eliza  Adams,  dau.  of  Henry  P.  Allen. 
Charles  Edward,  son  of  George  Barnard. 
Jerusha,  dau.  of  Mitta  Benton. 


Tan. 

3. 

1841. 

July 

10, 

1S42. 

Jan. 

4. 

1843. 

Jan. 

4- 

1S43. 

Oct. 

16, 

1S47. 

July 

4. 

1852. 

Jan. 

13. 

1856. 

Nov. 

8, 

1856. 

May 

2,  185S. 

July 

4.   1858. 

-,   1S24. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S27. 

June 

— , 

1S30. 

July 

— , 

1830. 

— , 

1S3.1. 

Sept. 

— , 

1S32. 

May 

— , 

i'^34- 

July 

I, 

1^37- 

Tuly 

I, 

1S3S. 

July 

14, 

183S. 

vSept. 

•9- 

183S. 

Appendix  III  403 

July  4,   1824.     Lavinia  P.,  dau.  of  Mitta  Benton. 

— ,      "         Julia,  dau.  of  Mitta  Benton. 

Aug.  — ,     "         Eliza  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Benj.  J.  Boardman. 

— ,      "         Chai'les  Carroll,  son  of  Henry  Bailey. 

Charles  Miller,  son  of  Charles  Bliss. 

Isaac,  son  of  Charles  Bliss. 

Maria  Wells,  dau.  of  Andrew  Benton. 

Lucy  Jane,  dau.  of  George  Barnard. 

Frances  Adelaide,  dau.  of  George  Barnard. 

Ellen  Smith,  dau.  of  George  Barnard. 

Flavel  Goldthwaite,  son  of  Charles  Boardman. 

Mary  Jane  Barnard. 

Ellen  Dayton,  dau.  of  Henry  Butler  (at  house). 

Benjamin  Jaduthan,  son  of  Benjamin  Boardman. 

"      "         John  Stillman,  son  of  Benjamin  Boardman., 
"  "      "         George  Washington,  son  of  Benjamin  Boardman. 

"  "      "         Anna,  dau.  of  William  Buckland. 

"  "      "         Elizabeth,  dau.  of  William  Buckland. 

"  "      "         Emily,  dau.  of  William  Buckland. 

July  6,  1S40.     William,  son  of  William  Baker. 

"        Charles  Hoi  ton,  son  of  Charles  Boardman. 

Albert  Lee,  son  of  A.  W.  Butler. 

Henry  Seymour,  son  of  J.  Seymour  Brown. 

Isabella,  dau.  of  William  Baker. 

William  Uavid,  son  of  John  Boyd. 

Charles  Wells,  son  of  Sylvester  Bliss. 

Thomas  Jacob,  son  of  William  Baker. 

Harriet  Hamilton,  dau.  of  N.  J.  Brocket  (at  house). 

Leander  Strong,  son  of"L.  C.  Burnham. 

Elizabeth  Warren,  daughter  of  Horton  Bidwell. 

Helen  Eudoria,  dau.  of  Henr}'  Butler. 

William  Nelson,  son  of  N.  J.  Brocket. 

Cadwell,  son  of  John  Boyd. 

Edward  Michael,  son  of  Leander  C.  Burnliam. 

Frances  Maria,  dau.  of  Charles  Boardman. 

Charles  Wyllys,  son  of  A.  W.  Butler. 

Alice  Webster,  dau.  of  N.  J.  Brocket. 

Charles  Horton,  son  of  Horton  Bidwell. 

Daniel,  son  of  John  Belmer. 

George  Buck,  son  of  George  Bodwell. 

Alice  Frances,  dau.  of  George  Bodwell. 

Margaret  Agnes,  dau.  of  John  Belmer. 

Eldora  Adelaide,  dau.  of  J.  M.  Blood. 

Mary  Jane,  dau.  of  James  Boyd. 

Anne,  dau.  of  James  Boyd. 

Sophia,  dau.  of  Nelson  J.  Brocket. 

James  Henry,  son  of  Horton  Bidwell. 

Margaret  Agnes,  dau.  of  John  Bulmer. 


July 

12, 

1840. 

Sept. 

7, 

1S40. 

May 

2, 

1841. 

Sept. 

5. 

1S41. 

May 

I, 

1842. 

July 

26, 

1S42. 

Aug 

21, 

1842. 

Sept. 

4. 

1842. 

Jan. 

15- 

1843. 

Sept. 

I, 

1844. 

Jan. 

5. 

1845- 

Sept. 

7. 

1845. 

April 

5. 

1846. 

June 

6, 

1847. 

Sept. 

5. 

1847. 

July 

2, 

1848. 

Sept. 

3, 

1848. 

Nov. 

4, 

1849. 

July 

7. 

1850. 

Sept. 

15, 

1850. 

Feb. 

28, 

1S51. 

June 

22, 

1S51. 

July 

4- 

1852. 

:\Iay 

1, 

1853- 

404 

July 

2, 

TS54. 

Nov. 

9- 

1S56. 

J"iy 

4- 

1S5S. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S26. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S26. 

April 

— , 

1S2S. 

March 

— , 

1S29. 

June 

— , 

1S29. 

Jime 

— , 

1S29. 

June 

— , 

1829. 

Jan. 

4. 

1840. 

]\Iav 


Oct. 

J^iiy 

July 

Sept. 
Sept. 
Jan. 

July 

Jan. 

July 


Oct. 
Feb. 

July 


3,  1S40. 


July 

10, 

1842. 

Sept. 

4> 

1842. 

Nov. 

3. 

1844. 

Sept. 

7. 

1845. 

Sept. 

6, 

1846. 

June 

27. 

1847. 

Jan. 

7, 

1S49. 

Feb. 

17, 

1S50. 

July 

iS, 

1S52. 

july 

20, 

1S52. 

7,   1852. 

3-  1853. 
30,  1854. 
30,  1S55. 

9,  1855- 
7,  1856. 
4.  1S57. 

5,  1857. 
3,  1S58. 

4-  1858. 


6,  1S25. 
6,  1842. 
I,  1838. 


History  of  the  Church 

William  C.  Boardman. 

Sarah  J.  Boardman. 

WiUiam  R.  Brainard.     (Profession.) 

Hiram  Buckingham.     (Profession.) 

Mary  Eveleth,  dau.  of  Eliza  Choate. 

E-Uzabeth  Ware,  dau.  of  Eliza  Choate. 

Joseph  Wells,  son  of  Wid.  Eliza  Choate. 

Samuel  Brainard,  son  of  Erastus  Cunningham. 

James,  son  of  Sylvester  Clark. 

Jane,  dau.  of  Sylvester  Clark. 

Charlotte,  dau.  of  Sylvester  Clark. 

Joseph  Choat,  son  of  Allen  Cotton. 

Emely  Frances,  dau.  of  Allen  Cotton. 

Frances  Maria,  dau.  of  Joseph  Camp.     * 

Isabella  Sophia,  dau.  of  Joseph  Camp. 

Mar}!-  Lavinia,  dau.  of  John  B.  Corning. 

Allen,  son  of  Allen  Cotton. 

John  Alexander,  son  of  Alexander  Curry. 

John  Jay,  son  of  John  B.  Corning. 

Thomas  Smith,  son  of  Alexander  Curry. 

Frederick  Spencer,  son  of  Seth  H.  Clark. 

Edward,  son  of  Allen  Cotton. 

Alex.  Marshall,  son  of  Alex.  Curry. 

Frederick  A.,  son  of  John  B.  Corning. 

William  Henry,  son  of  Daniel  and  Amelia  Camp. 

Daniel  Seymour,  son  of  Daniel  and  Amelia  Camp. 

George  Winship,  son  of  Daniel  and  Amelia  Camp. 

Samuel  James,  son  of  Daniel  and  Amelia  Camp. 

Albert  Birge,  son  of  Daniel  and  Amelia  Camp. 

Edward  Norton,  son  of  Edwai'd  and  Maria  Car- 
penter. 

Loisa  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Alexander  Curry. 

,  dau.  of  H.  A.  Cooley. 

Emily  Amelia,  dau.  of  Wid.  Daniel  Camp. 

Frederick  Henry,  son  of Cady. 

Walter  Scott,  son  of  Lewis  S.  Crittenden. 

Mary  Terry,  adopted  dau.  of  Walter  and  Elizabeth 
Clark. 

Adelaide  C.  Cone.     (Profession.) 

Mary  A.  Coolege.     (Profession.) 

Hopey  Curtis.     (Profession.) 
Eltruda  Carter.     (Profession.) 

Amy  L.  Carter.     (Profession.) 

,  of  Horace  Deming. 

Susan  EHzabeth,  dau.  of  O.  E.  Daggett. 

Thomas  B.,       \ 

Mary  Frances,  ,  children  of  Samuel  Dodd. 

Samuel,  ) 


Appendix    III  405 

Martha  A.  Donaldson. 

Ellen  Marie,  dau.  of  Chades  H.  Dickinson. 

Alice,  adopted  dau.  of  Austin  Daniels. 

Charles  Warren  Day. 

Edward  Hooker,  son  of  Timothy  Ensign 

George  Thompson,  son  of  William  D.  Eaton. 

Charles  Edward  Eaton. 

Horatio  Doolittle,  son  of  William  D.  Eaton. 

Francis    Cornelius,    son    of    Frances    A.    Emmett 
(widow  of  Cornelius). 

Emily  Cheney,  dau.  of  Henry  Francis. 

Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Henry  Francis. 

Roselle  Mather,  dau.  of  Henry  Francis. 

Adelaide,  dau.  of  Henry  Francis.  * 

Mary,  dau.  of  Henry  Francis. 

Rebecca  Wheeler,  dau.  of  Henry  Francis. 

Amanda,  dau.  of  Abraham  Foot. 

James,  son  of  Abraham  Foot. 

Henry,  son  of  Abraham  Foot. 

Mary  Annette,  dau.  of  Ralph  H.  Foster. 

George  Henry,  son  of  Ralph  H.  Foster. 

Helen  Williams,  dau.  of  Samuel  B.  Fuller. 

Arthur  Brown,  son  of  Samuel  B.  Fuller  (at  house), 
in  February,  by  Dr.  Bushnell. 

John  Elbricige,  son  of  J.  E.  Foster.  ' 

Francis.    ("  Fairfield,  supposed,''  written  in  pencil.) 

Rose  Standish,  dau.  of  Henry  Francis. 

Mary  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Jonathan  T.  Fairfield. 

Helen  Sophia,  dau.  of  Ralph  Foster. 

Frederick  Rose,  son  of  Frederick  Foster. 

Curtiss  G.,  son  of  AUyn  Goodwin. 

Emily  Fenn,  dau.  of  Allyn  Goodwin. 

George  Shepard,  son  of  Julius  Gilman. 

Charles  Barnard,  son  of  Julius  Gilman. 

Henry  Ma.son,  son  of  Julius  Gilman. 

Charlotte,  dau.  of  Flavel  Goldthwaite. 

Jane,  dau.  of  Flavel  Goldthwaite. 

Mary  Goldthwaite. 

Maria,  dau.  of  Allyn  Goodwin. 

William  Andrus,  son  of  James  Goodman. 

Albert  Allen,  son  of  Levi  C.  Gates. 

Martha  Makepeace,  dau.  of  W.  W.  Giddings. 
"  "       "         William  Henry,  son  of  W.  W.  Giddings. 

Dec.  17,   1851.     Edward  Dwight,  son  of  Elisha  Gilbert  (at  house). 

■    "       •'         Adelaide  Sophia,  dau.  of  Elisha  Gilbert  (at  house). 
"  "       "         Frederick  Walter,  son  of  Elisha  Gilbert  (at  house). 

Nov.  6,   1S53.     James  Silas,  son  of  James  Goodman. 


April 

4. 

1S39. 

April 

25. 

1S41. 

Nov. 

4- 

1S49. 

July 

4. 

1852. 

Sept. 

— , 

1S27. 

Oct. 

— , 

1S34. 

luly 

I, 

1837- 

July 

5- 

1839. 

Sept. 

I, 

1839. 

May 

— , 

1S26. 

Nov. 

— , 

1827. 

July 

— , 

1S29. 

May 

— , 

1833- 

Sept. 

4. 

1837- 

Jan. 

6, 

1839. 

July 

21, 

1S39. 

July 

6, 

1840. 

Sept. 

19. 

1841. 

Nov. 

3. 

1844. 

July 

13. 

1845- 

April 

7. 

1S47. 

July 

7. 

1850. 

Jan. 

— , 

1S51. 

Sept. 

23- 

1854- 

j\Iay 

2, 

1858. 

Feb. 

I, 

1859. 

— , 

1S24. 

April 

— , 

1S2S. 

Sept. 

— , 

1S32. 

Sept. 

— , 

1832. 

Sept. 

— , 

1832. 

Oct. 

— , 

1832. 

Nov. 

— , 

1S34. 

July 

I, 

iS37. 

July 

2 

1837- 

July 

2, 

184S. 

Jan. 

7. 

1849. 

Jan. 

6, 

1850. 

4o6 


History  of  the  Church 


July 

2, 

1S54. 

Sept. 

3. 

iS54- 

July 

9. 

iS55- 

July 

6, 

1856. 

May 

2, 

1S5S. 

Feb. 

I, 

1859. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S24. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S24. 

Sept. 

— , 

1S26. 

Sept. 

— , 

1S26. 

Sept. 

— , 

1S26. 

Dec. 

— , 

1S26. 

July 

— , 

1827. 

Sept. 

— , 

1S27. 

Feb. 

— , 

182S. 

June 

21, 

1829. 

June 

— , 

1S29. 

Sept. 

5, 

1S30. 

July 

I, 

1S38. 

Nov. 

i8, 

1838. 

Nov. 

3. 

1839- 

March 

7. 

1 841. 

March 

7> 

1S41. 

June 

lO, 

1842. 

Sept. 


May 

June. 
Nov. 
Nov. 

Jan. 

July 


4,  1S42. 


Oct. 

II, 

1S46. 

June 

24. 

1S49. 

May 

II, 

1851. 

May 

1, 

1853- 

.March 

4, 

1855- 

July 

29, 

1855. 

April 

30, 

1857- 

March 

14, 

1S5S. 

2,  I85S. 

13,  IS4I. 

9,  1845- 

II,  1846. 

6,  1850. 

6,  1856. 


Heppy  E.  Oilman.     (Profession.) 

Anna  Melinda,  dau.  of  Charles  S.  Goodwin. 

George  W.  Giddings.     (Profession.) 

Mary  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Charles  S.  Goodwin. 

Mary  Gillette.     (Profession.) 

Charles  Lincoln,  son  of  Charles  S.  Goodwin. 

Amanda,  dau.  of Humphrey. 

Sylvester,  son  of  Daniel  Hinsdale. 

Sarah  Amelia,  dau.  of  Eleazer  Huntington. 

Thomas  Spencer,  son  of  Eleazer  Huntington. 

Ann  Maria,  dau.  of  Eleazer  Huntington. 

Lester  Colton,  son  of  Samuel  Humphrey.    Private, 

sick. 
Jane  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Eleazer  Huntington. 
Frances  Maria  Hollister. 
Richard  Law,  son  of  Daniel  Hinsdale. 
Julia  Catharine,  dau.  of  Eleazer  Huntington. 
Eliza  Ann  Hollister. 
Arthur,  son  of  Asahel  Hinckley. 
Hubbard,  son  of  Hubbard  Hollister. 
Charles,  son  of  Hubbard  Hollister. 
Charles  Youngs,  son  of  Rev.  John  A.  Hempsted. 
Frances  Cornelia,  dau.  of  E.  Huntington. 
Hariet  Louisa,  dau.  of  E.  Huntington. 
James  Tyler,  son  of  wid.  J.  T.  Hinsdale. 
Mary  Cornelia,  dau.  of  wid.  J.  T.  Hinsdale. 
Harriet   McLeod,    dau.  of  Joseph   H.  Howard,  at 

house. 
Albert  Judson,  son  of  J.  A.  Hempsted. 
Erskine  Butler,  son  of  Nelson  Hollister. 
Edith  Saw^^er,  dau.  of  Nelson  Hollister. 
Lucy  Sawyer,  dau.  of  Nelson  Hollister. 
Albert  Ellery,  son  of  Ellery  Hills. 
Francis  Mortimer,  son  of  Henry  Hills. 
Jonas  Coolidge,  son  of  Ellery  Hills. 
Mary  Jane,  dau.  of  Chauncey  Harris. 
Harriet,  dau.  of  Henry  Hills. 
George  F.  Hills.     (Profession.) 
Ellen  M.  Hills.     (Profession.) 
Sarah  Hosmer.     (Profession.) 
Horace  W.  Hills.     (Profession.) 
Emely,  dau.  of  Mrs.  William  Johnson. 
Susan  Augusta,  dau.  of  Daniel  W.  Janes. 
Henry  Edwin,  son  of  W.  B.  Johnson. 
Harriet  Anna,  dau.  of  W.  B.  Johnson. 
Ella  Maria,,  dau.  of  W.  B.  Johnson. 
Josephine  Marshall,  dau.  of  Marshall  Jewell. 


Appendix   III  407 

July  — ,   1S29.     Daniel,  son  of  Daniel  Knox. 

Sept.  — ,  1827.     William  Knox.     Private. 

Sept.  — ,   1 82 7.     Frances  Ann  Knox.     Private. 

May  3,  1840.     Charles  Edmund,  son  of  Edmund  B.  Kellogg. 

Sept.  7,   1S45.     Angelina,  dau.  of  Edmund  B.  Kellogg. 

July  — ,   1825.     Elizabeth  Elderkin,  dau.  of  Martha  Lathrop. 

July  — ,   1S25.     Elijah,  son  of  Martha  Lathrop. 

July  — ,   1S25.     Prudence  Benton,  dau.  of  Martha  Lathrop. 

May  — ,  1826.     Daniel  Smith,  son  of  Joel  H.  Linsley. 

Feb.  — ,  1S28.     Mary  Henderson,  dau.  of  Joel  H.  Linsley. 

July  I,   1838.     Pascal  Loomis. 

George  Washington,  son  of  Pascal  Loomis. 
"  ....         Charles  Greenfield,  son  of  Pascal  Loomis. 

"  "       "        Frances  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Pascal  Loomis. 

Henrietta,  dau.  of  Pascal  Loomis. 

Daniel  Edward,  son  of  Daniel  Loomis,  Jr. 

Carrie  Augusta,  dau.  of  Charles  L.  Lincoln. 

William  Alexander,  son  of  Alexander  Lenten. 

Charles  Payson,  son  of  Charles  L.  Lincoln. 

Samuel,  son  of  Alexander  Lenten. 

child  of  Alexander  Lenten. 

Frank  Howard,  son  of  Charles  L.  Lincoln. 

Theodore  Miles,  son  of  Charles  L.  Lincoln. 

Lucy  J.,  dau.  of  James  Mix. 

Mariette,  dau.  of  James  Mix. 

Elisha,  son  of  James  Mix. 

James  Cadwell,  son  of  James  Mix. 

Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Elizabeth  Myers. 

Mary  Ann,  dau.  of  Elizabeth  Mj-ers. 

Caroline  Maria,  dau.  of  Elizabeth  Myers. 

William  Butler,  son  of  James  Mix. 

Mary  Abigail,  dau.  of  Nathan  M.  Morse. 

Nathan  Shepard,  son  of  Nathan  M.  Morse. 

Jane  Phelps,  dau.  of  Nathan  M.  Morse. 

John  E.,  son  of  John  Meek. 

Ellen  W.,  dau.  of  John  Meek. 

Lydia  Ann,  dau.  of  John  Meek. 

Andrew,  son  of  Thomas  Marshall. 

Thomas  Alexander,  son  of  William  Montgomery. 

Margaret  Jane,  dau.  of  Edward  McEwen.     (At  his 
house.) 

Emily  Rosina,  dau.  of  Nathan  M.  Morse. 

Thomas  Howard,  son  of  Thomas  Marshall. 

Mary  Jane,  dau.  of  John  Meek. 

James  Frederick,  son  of  Nathan  ]\L  Morse. 

George  Robinson,  son  of  John  ISIeek. 

Martha  Ann,  dau.  of  William  Montgomer}". 


July 

21, 

1839. 

Sept. 

5> 

1841. 

May 

12, 

1850. 

March 

7. 

1852. 

July 

4. 

1S52. 

July 

3. 

1853- 

Dec. 

28, 

1 8  54. 

Nov. 

— , 

1855- 

Feb. 

I, 

1859- 

Aug. 

— , 

1828. 

Aug. 

— , 

1828. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S28. 

Aug. 

— , 

182S. 

Sept. 

— , 

1828. 

Sept. 

— , 

1828. 

Sept. 

— , 

1828. 

Oct. 

I, 

1830. 

Sept. 

— , 

1832. 

Sept. 

— , 

1832. 

Sept. 

— , 

1832. 

July 

2, 

1837- 

Nov. 

5, 

1837- 

Nov. 

4, 

1838. 

March 

31. 

1S39. 

^ay 

19. 

1839- 

Nov. 

I, 

1840. 

July 

4. 

1 841. 

May 

I, 

1842. 

Sept. 

4, 

1842. 

Sept. 

3, 

1843. 

4o8 


History  of  the  Church 


Nov. 

2, 

1S45. 

Nov. 

— , 

1846, 

July 

4. 

1S47. 

Aug. 

22, 

1S47. 

Sept. 

2, 

1850. 

May 

i8, 

1S51. 

Nov. 

7. 

1S52, 

March 

6, 

1853- 

Feb. 


July 


I,  1859. 


Aug. 

— , 

1827. 

Jan. 

" — , 

1828. 

Jan. 

— , 

1828. 

Jan. 

— , 

1828. 

Jan. 

3, 

1830. 

Nov. 

18, 

1849. 

Nov. 

9. 

1851. 

July 

4, 

1858. 

I,  1838. 


Jan. 

4. 

1S40. 

Sept. 

7, 

1S40. 

May 

16, 

1841. 

Sept. 

4. 

1842. 

July 

13, 

1851, 

July 

2, 

1854. 

May 

2, 

1S58. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S24. 

Aug. 

— , 

1826. 

March 

— , 

1828. 

April 

18, 

1S30. 

Aug. 

— , 

1831. 

May 

— , 

1833- 

Sept. 

— , 

1835. 

July 

2, 

1837- 

Nov. 

— . 

1849. 

William  John,  son  of  William  Montgomery. 

Mary  Ann  Jane.  dau.  of  John  McCane. 

William  Edward,  son  of  William  C.  Marshall. 

Mortimer  Ward,  son  of  William  C.  Marshall. 

Mary  Beach,  dau.  of  Thomas  Marshall. 

Joseph,  son  of  Thomas  Marshall. 

Edward,  son  of  Mary  McCune  (wid.  of  Edward). 

Mary  Ann,  dau.  of  Mary  McCune  (wid.  of  Edward). 

Rosabel,  dau.  of  Thomas  Marshall. 

Elizabeth  Frances,  dau.  of  John  McCune. 

Edy  Agnes,  dau.  of  John  McCune. 

Anna,  dau.  of  Jonathan  F.  Morris. 

Alice,  dau.  of  Jonathan  F.  Morris. 

Eliza  Nichols.     Private,  sick. 

Lemuel  Humphrey,  son  of  Lucius  Nichols. 

Maria,  dau.  of  Lucius  Nichols. 

Harriet,  dau.  of  Lucius  Nichols. 

Eliza  Jane  Nichols. 

Margaret  Sophia,  dau.  of  Robert  Neely. 

Ellen  Hunt,  dau.  of  Robert  Neely. 

Robert  Hoyt,  son  of  Robert  Neely. 

Anna  C.  Newton.     (Profession.) 

Mary  S.  Nichols.     (Profession.) 

Maria  Jennette,  dau.  of  John  Parker. 

John  Shepard,  son  of  John  Parker. 

Thomas  Stone,  son  of  John  Parker. 

Daniel  Hunt,  son  of  John  Parker. 

Henry  Abrams,  son  of  John  Parker. 

Charlotte  Sophia,  dau.  of  John  Parker. 

James  Lindsley,  son  of  John  Parker. 

Zepaniah,  son  of  E.  J.  Preston. 

Alice  Theresa,  dau.  of  Allen  Porter. 

Edward  Jarvis,  son  of  John  Parker. 

DeWitt  Judson,  son  of  D.  W.  C.  Pick. 

Minnie  E.  Pierce. 

Anna  Marshall  Packard.     (Profession.) 

Sarah  C.  Packard.     (Profession.) 

Ozion,  son  of  John  Roberts. 

Charles,  son  of  David  F.  Robinson. 

Ann  Catharine,  dau.  of  David  F.  Robinson. 

Sarah  Amelia,  dau.  of  David  F.  Robinson. 

Ellen  Maria,  dau.  of  David  F.  Robinson. 

Henry  Cornelius,  son  of  David  F.  Robinson. 

Mary  Caroline,  dau.  of  David  F.  Robinson. 

Alfred,  son  of  David  F.  Robinson. 

John  James,  son  of  James  Reney.  (Private.) 


Appendix  III 


409 


Jan. 


II,  1842. 


June 

30, 

1S54. 

Nov. 

4- 

iS55- 

May 

4, 

1S56. 

Nov. 

1, 

1857. 

July 

4. 

1858. 

Nov. 

7- 

1858. 

Sept. 

— , 

1825. 

May 

— , 

1826. 

Aug. 

— , 

1826. 

Aug. 

— , 

1826. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S26. 

Aug. 

— , 

1826. 

Aug. 

.    — , 

1826. 

Oct. 

— , 

1826. 

May 

— , 

1S27. 

May 

— , 

1827. 

May 

— , 

1827. 

July 

— , 

1827. 

Nov. 

— , 

1827. 

May 

— , 

1828. 

June 

14. 

1829. 

May 

— , 

1830. 

Nov. 

— , 

1830. 

Sept. 

— , 

1832. 

May 

— , 

1833. 

May 

— , 

1834- 

July 

2, 

1837- 

Sept. 

4- 

1837- 

June 

4, 

1838. 

Jan. 

6, 

1839- 

Sept. 

I, 

1839. 

May 


3,  1840. 


Nov. 

29. 

1840. 

March 

7. 

1841. 

May 

16, 

1 841. 

May 

29. 

1841. 

May 

21, 

1843. 

Sept. 

I, 

1844- 

July 

6, 

1845- 

Albert   Henry,    son   of  Joseph    H.    Rockwell.    (At 

house.) 
Harriet   Whitman,  dau.    of   Joseph    H.   Rockwell. 

(At  house.) 

,  dau.  of  H.  B.  Rhodes. 

,  son  of  D.  H.  Raymond. 

Chester  H.  Riley.  (Profession.) 

Maro  S.  Reed.     (Profession.) 

Chauncey  Eugene,  son  of  Chauncey  Rhodes. 

James  Ritchie.     (Profession.) 

Mrs.  Harriet  Revere.     (Profession.) 

Jane  Ehzabeth,  dau.  of  Charles  D.  Skinner. 

Maria,  dau.  of  Henry  Steele. 

Charles  Jones,  son  of  Charles  Shepard. 

Michael  Thomas,  son  of  Charles  Shepard. 

WilUam  Henry,  son  of  Charles  Shepard. 

Eliza  Maria,  dau.  of  Chaiies  Shepard. 

Alfred  Jason,  son  of  Charles  Shepard. 

Michael,  son  of  Michael  Seymour. 

Frances,  dau.  of  Alvin  Stedman. 

Emeline,  dau.  of  Alvin  Stedman. 

Jane,  dau.  of  Alvin  Stedman. 

Daniel  Robbins  Steele.     Private,  sick. 

Julius  Goodrich  Skinner. 

Sarah  Jane,  dau.  of  Charles  Shepard. 

Charles  Almeron,  son  of  Almeron  Shepard. 

Mary  Ehzabeth,  dau.  of  Almeron  Shepard. 

Marietta,  dau.  of  Charles  D.  Skinner. 

Lucy  Jane,  dau.  of  Enoch  C.  Stanton. 

Almira,  dau.  of  Almeron  Shepard. 

Cornelius  Vanarsdalen,  son  of  Enoch  C.  Stanton. 

Catharine  Bunce,  dau.  of  Almeron  Shepard. 

Daniel  Bunce,  son  of  Almeron  Shepard. 

Delia  Jane  Seymour. 

John  Shepard,  son  of  Enoch  C.  Stanton. 

Martha  Ann,  dau.  of  Walter  Seymour. 

Lewis  Belden,  son  of  Lewis  Skinner. 

Juha  Goodwin,  dau.  of  Peter  D.  Stillman. 

Carohne  Ehzabeth,  dau.  of  Albert  G.  Sawtell. 

Mary  Carter,  dau.  of  Albert  G.  Sawtell. 

Thomas  Edward,  son  of  Enoch  C.  Stanton. 

Jane  Helen,  dau.  of  A.  G.  Sawtell. 

Albert  Eugene,  son  of  H.  F.  Sumner. 

Cornelius,  son  of  Walter  Seymour. 

Susan  Lavinia,  dau.  of  Walter  Seymour. 

Caroline  Louisa,  dau.  of  P.  D.  Stillman. 

Emma  Louisa,  dau.  of  Otis  Sexton. 


410 


History  of  tJie  Church 


June 
May 

Nov. 


27,   iS-1.7. 
4,  1851. 

4-   1S55. 


May. 

2,  1S58. 

July 

4,   1858. 

Jan. 

26,   1859. 

Sept. 

5,   1S30. 

Aug. 

— , 

1S31. 

July 

I, 

1S3S. 

Nov. 

3. 

1S39. 

Nov. 

29, 

1840. 

May. 

28, 

1843- 

Julv 

1, 

1S49. 

July 

20, 

1852. 

March 

14, 

1S5S. 

May 

2, 

1S5S. 

May 

2, 

1858. 

May 

2, 

185S. 

Feb. 

I, 

1S59. 

April 

22, 

1827. 

May 

— , 

1827. 

May 

— , 

1827. 

May 

— , 

1827. 

Oct. 

— , 

1828. 

April 

— , 

,   1829. 

Dec. 

— , 

1830. 

June 

4- 

1837. 

July 

2, 

1837. 

March 

4, 

1S38. 

July 

I, 

,   1838. 

Sept. 

9,  1S38. 

Nov. 

3.   1839. 

Sept. 

7.  i845. 

Nov. 

— ,   1S47. 

William  Horace,  son  of  P.  D.  Stillman. 
Arthur  Newel,  son  of  Walter  Seymour. 
Augustin  Edgar,  son  of  Walter  Seymour. 
Sarah  Burton  Swift,  wife  of  Rowland  Swift.     (Pro- 
fession.) 
Alfred  W.  Sawtell.     (Profession.) 
John  Tho.  Skinner.     (Profession.) 
Sarah  Bradford,  daii.  of  Rowland  and  Sarah  Swift. 
Sarah  Ann,  dau.  of  Ira  Todd. 
Walter,  son  of  Ira  Todd. 
Andrew,  son  of  Ira  Todd. 
Washington,  son  of  Ira  Todd. 
Reuben  B.,  son  of  William  Tinker. 
Horace  Durrie,  son  of  Margaret  Tarbell      (wid.  of 

Norris). 
Edmund  Norris,  son  of  Margaret  Tarbell. 
Mary  Lathrop,  dau.  of  William  Tinker. 
Mary  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Peter  Thatcher. 
Arthur  Quinton,  son  of  L.  N.  Tracy. 
William  Tryon. 

Henry  Austin,  son  of  Mrs.  Emeline  Terry. 
Susan  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Mrs.  Emeline  Terry. 

Charles  D.  Tuller.     (Profession.) 

Sarah  E.  Taylor.     (Profession.) 

Edwin  P.  Tiffany.     (Profession.) 

Henry  E.  Valentine.     (Profession.) 

Henrietta  Wood,  dau.  of  H.  E.  and  M.  J.  Valentine. 

Sophia  McLeod,  dau.  of  Mack  C.  Webster. 

Levi,  son  of  Nathaniel  Woodhouse. 

Oliver,  son  of  Nathaniel  Woodhouse. 

Susan  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  J.  Hubbard  Wells. 

Mary  Ann,  dau.  of  J.  Hubbard  Wells. 

Frederick  Josiah,  son  of  Joseph  Webster. 

John  Hubbard,  son  of  J.  Hubbard  Wells. 

Ann  Aurelia,  dau.  of  J.  Hubbard  Wells. 

Emely  Francis,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Woodhouse. 

Joseph  Everett,  son  of  Joseph  Webster. 

Edward  Payson,  son  of  Joseph  Webster. 

Mary  .Stewart,  dau.  of  Charles  T.  Webster. 

William  Henry,  son  of  David  H.  Webster. 

Francis  Levia,  dau.  of  David  H.  Webster. 

James  Edwin,  son  of  Jared  Wright. 

Mary  Louisa,  dau.  of  Jared  Wright. 

Jennette,  dau.  of  Mary  Wells  (wid.  of  Jared). 

Mary  Jane,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Woodhouse. 

Mary  Catharine,  dau.  of  Charles  P.  Welles. 

Edward  Emmerick,  son  of  AVilliam  S.  White. 


Appendix  III  411 

Charles  McLood,  son  of  Charles  T.  Webster. 

Charles  Austin,  son  of  William  S.  White. 

Thomas  T.,  son  of  Thomas  H.  Wells. 

Margaret  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Charles  T.  Webster. 

Charles  Thomas,  son  of  Charles  P.  Welles. 

Abby  Day  Withey.     (Profession.) 

Eva  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  J.  D.  White. 

Elizabeth  White.     (Profession.) 

George  D.  Williams.     (Profession.) 

Sarah  J.  Walker.     (Profession.) 
"  "       "        Anna  M.  Wright.     (Profession.) 

Sarah  Wright.     (Profession.) 
Feb.  I,  1S59.     Isabella  Gertrude,  dau.  of  William  S.  White. 

"  "       "         Annie  Jane  and  Carrie  Eugenia,  daus.  of  Oliver 

and  Jane  E.  Woodhouse. 


May 

7' 

1S4S. 

Julv 

I , 

I S49. 

Jan. 

6, 

1850. 

July 

4. 

1S52. 

July 

IS, 

1852. 

July 

I, 

1S55. 

April 

13- 

1S56. 

July 

5, 

iS57- 

May 

2, 

185S. 

July 

4. 

1S58. 

INDEX  TO  APPENDIX  III. 


EXCEPT  FOR  THAT  PORTION  RECORDING  THE  BAPTISMS  BY  REV. 
DR.  LINSLEY  AND  HIS  SUCCESSORS  (SEE  PAGE  402),  WHICH,  BEING 
ALPHABETICALI.Y  ARRANGED,  REQUIRE  NO  INDEX. 

[For  convenience,  each  name  or  entry  upon  the  record  has  received  a  number, 
which  is  referred  to  in  this  index.] 


Aaron,  2925. 

Adams-Addams,  103,  534,  2061,  2153,  2163, 

2199,  2264,  2388,  2570,  2749. 
Aiken-Aikens,  2079,  2109. 

Alcott,  680,  700,  2313. 

Alden,  2539. 

Alford,  2087,  2135. 

Allen,  531,  613,  1566,  1931,  1971,  2069,  2251, 
2419,  2614,  2694,  2722,  2882,  2920,  3041,  3155- 

Allynson,  2128. 

Ames,  2293. 

Anderson,  1906,  2497. 

Andrews,  380,  403,  467,  47c,  471,  521,  86i, 
15581  1633, 1863, 1865,  2131,  2147,  3267,  3269. 

Andrus-Andruss-Andros,  157,  158,  176, 
5271  55°,  586,  763,  782,  884,  885,  906,  969, 
971,  1335,  1347,  1430,  1619,  1676, 1710,  1722, 
17431 17541 17931  1811,  2030,  2051,  2145,  2164, 
2168,  2363,  2374,  2517,  2574,  2683,  2756,  2885, 
31751  31971  33521  3368,  33741  3375i  339i- 

Applewhite,  2550. 

Arnold,  30. 

Ashley- Ashly,  945,  1048,  1050,  1082. 

Atherton-Athington,  2169,  2154. 

Austin-Austine,  1033,  1060. 

Avery,  2126,  2443. 

Axtell,  2402. 

Babcock,  1327,  2133,  2260,  2390,  2527,  2685, 
2690,  2947,  2983,  3339. 

Bacon,  2075,  2327. 

Badger,  2335. 

Bailey,  2248,  2493. 

Baker,  749,1763,  1764,  1768,  2567. 

Balch,  2007,  2544. 

Bancroft,  2350. 

Barber,  1753,  2385,  2506,  2524,  2565. 

Barnard,  72,  73,  291,  292,  569,  612,  630,  755, 
13341 13361 13741 1659- 1682,  1683, 1684, 1685, 
1705, 1706, 1729, 1737, 1755, 1880,  2106,  2125, 
2166,  2168,  2227,  2290,  2312,  2366,  2504,  2598, 
2700,  2720,  2748,  2767,  2779,  2828,  2836,2874, 
2940,  2953,  2959,  2966,  2994,  2998,  3033,  3004, 


3011,  3082,  3085,  3121,  3141,  3179,  3199,  3200, 
3226,  3244,  3259,  3319,  3381,  3407. 

Barrett-Barret,  229,  1052,  1072,  1120,  1224, 
T539,  2193,  2239,  2575,  2600,  2644,  2688,  2776, 
2881,  3061,  3146,  3279,  3306. 

Barrows,  1590,  1591,  1594,  1595,  1629,  1660. 

Bartama,  2299. 

Bartholomew,  2906,  3039. 

Bartlett,  2651. 

Barton,  1506,  1535. 

Bassett,  2242. 

Bateman,  2336. 

Battas,  2414. 

Beach,  1616,  1997,  2134,  2332. 

Beament,  201 1. 

Beckwith,  2267. 

Belden,  2235,  2316,  3282,  3311. 

Bell,  2860. 

Benedict,  2076. 

Benton,  13,  28,  67,  130,  145,  156,  220,  223,  228, 
240,  251,  256,  270,  274,  331,  349,  372,  383, 
389,  401,  417,  446,  455,  504,  512,  571,  614, 
623,  621,  729,  770,  833,  841,  897,  942,  9S9, 
983,  1031,  1043,  1079,  1117,  1118,  1131,  1141, 
1152, 1166, 1185,  1202, 1220, 1227,  1238, 1258, 
1286,  1289, 1290,  1402, 1448,  1501, 1769, 1770, 
1800, 1832,  2040,  2057,  2072,  2098,  2 1 18,  2144, 

2148,  2157,  2190,  22o8,  2250,  2263,  2403,  2444, 
24691  2540,  2593,  2689,  2725,  2797,  2837,  2859, 
2900,  2935,  2952,  3030,  3057,  3059,  3064,  3168, 

32041  32 ?3-  32991  33231  34°ii  34041  3415- 

Berkenhead,  2249. 

Bevins,  2470. 

Bicknel,  1640. 

Bidwell-Biddall-Bidall-Bidal,  15,  29,  53, 
54,  69,  120,  121,  353,  379,  391,  412,  425,  434, 
4381  4511  4621  500,  503,  533,  584,  637,  720, 
761,  789,  806,  857,  881,  883,  857,  965,  996, 
1039, 1037, 1062, 1068, 1502, 1503, 1504, 1656, 
1665, 1702, 1734, 1827,  2000,  2001,  2098, 2325, 
2798. 

Bigelow-Biglow,   243,  872,  873,   1045,   1075, 


414 


History  of  the  Church 


1080,  1112,  IIS7)  1165,  1194,  1243,  1302,  1353, 

13931  ^453.  14541  I455>  i474>  1481,  1485.  1829, 

1836,  1840, 1841,  i86i,  2042,  2077,  2192,  2615, 

2667,  2678,  2703,  2727,  2812,  2957,  3017,  3021, 

3051,  3166,  3167,  3341,  3402. 
Billings,  2402. 
Bingham,  2155,  2806,  3335. 
Birchmore,  254S. 

Bird,  174,  186,  661,  711,  745,  799,  877. 
Birkenhead,  3324. 
Bishop,  2198. 

Bissell,  2062,  2199,  2548,  2831,  3150. 
Blackleach,  86. 
Blackmore,  2501. 
Blagge,  2233. 
Blakeley,  774. 
Bliss,  2025,  2101,  2833. 
Boardman,  1329,  1424,  1478,  1509,  1582,  1643, 

17651 1782, 1783, 1784, 1853, 1922,  2284,  2577, 

2818,  2975,  3025,  3050,  3052,  3187,  3343. 
Bodge,  2255,  2330,  2506,  3245a. 
Bolles,  2337. 
Booth,  2532. 

Bowen,  1356,  1419,  1443,  1475. 
Boston,  1469,  2039,  2047,  2071,  2259,  2437,  2753, 

2996,  3103,  3397. 
Bowernian,  2216. 
Brace-Bracey,  902,  955,  1176, 1938,  2029,  2237, 

2307.  2754. 
Bradley,  1606,  1650,  2025,  2124,  3287. 
Brainard,  1897,  1920,  2547. 
Brainthwaite,  2092,  2109. 
Bre'wer,  1972. 

Brewster,  2021,  2043,  2055,  2108,  2894. 
Brigden,  2335. 
Bronson-Brownson-Briinson,  185,  800,  868, 

3145- 
Brown,  1201, 1608, 1983,  2156,  2254,  2275,  2279, 

2519,  2696,  2817. 
Buck,  2415. 
Buckland,  688,   1943,  2152,  2268,  2340,  2345, 

2364,  2382,  2420,  3023,  3092,  3164. 
Buckingham,  660,  778,  853. 
Buddington,  2053. 
Bulkley,  1709,  2360,  2449,  2465,  2488. 
Bull,  3,  18,  43,  44,  45,  65,  88,  95,  131,  132,  141, 

146,  200,  231,  293,  320,  347,  370,  395,  427, 

459,  492,  568,  628,  691,  724,  790,  842,  855, 
924,  1191,  1958,  2032,  2046,  2138,  215Q,  2161, 
2428,  2475,  2497,  2498,  2601,  2609,  2629,  2675, 
2723,  2746,  3006,  3007,  3008,  3125. 

Bullard,  2928. 

Bunce,  8,  19,  38,  46,  56,  91,  122,  123,  214,  259, 
278,  286,  298,  316,  341,  373,  420,  428,  447, 

460,  476,  524,  535,  708,  938,  1023,  1041,  1069, 
1073, 1094, 1113,  1114, 1121, 1146, 1147, 1148, 
1161, 1179, 1189, 1205, 1209, 1229, 1236, 1263, 
1264,  1269, 1271,  1274, 1299, 1300, 1317, 1326, 


1332, 1400, 1433, 1476, 1491, 1527, 1557, 
1 671, 1672, 1675, 1833, 1868,  2035,  2054, 
2074,  2090,  2123,  2129,  2271,  2300,  2331, 

24CXD,  2487,  2492,  2505,  2576,  2597,  2622, 
2627,  2648,  2662,  2693,  2763,  3053,  3081, 
3142,  3152,  3230,  3325,  3356,  3357,  3390, 

Bunnell,  2213. 

Burbidge,  2253,  2692,  2738,  2809,  3105. 

Burdurn,  2352. 

Burkit-Burkitt,  272,  1276,  1304,  2404, 

Burnham,  1701,  2115,  2160,  2460,  2509, 

2792,  2800,  2868,  3111,  3251. 
Burr,  713,  757,  923,  1482,  1791,  1792,  1806, 

1808,  1809,  1814,  2089,  2106,  2195,  2278, 

2422,  2438,  2449,  2477,  2549,  2564,  2567, 

2777,  2992,  3358. 
Burrage,  2391. 
Burt,  1467,  146S,  1487,  1542,  1548,  1627, 

1864,  2066,  2153,  2444,  2653,  2715,  3015, 

31691  3353-  3392,  3416. 
Butler-Buttler,  704,  723,  886,  919,  1002, 

1917,  2120,  2170,  2i8g,  2236,  2423,  2630, 

2674,  2724,  2858,  2898,  2919,  3245,  3247. 
Cable-Cables,  1358,  1411,  1412,  1435, 

2265,  2324,  2605,  2657,  2658,  2676,  2755, 
Cadwell,  676,  815,  850,  1361,  1362,  1438, 

2083,  2084,  2643,  2647. 
Camp,  992,  1014,  2095,  2116,  2176,  2215, 

3288,  3342. 
Candee,  1987. 
Canfield,  2279,  2872. 
Carew,  1818. 
Carey,  2223. 
Cargill,  2322. 
Carney,  2439,  3180,  3253. 
Cartiss,  2519. 
Capen,  2100. 
Carrison,  2259. 

Case,  1978,  1979,  1980,  2139,  2339. 
Carter,  753,  1598,  1628,  1820,  1821,  1822, 

1830,  1845,  1846,  1858,  2083,  2178,  220g, 

2320,  2409,  2500,  2758,  2829,  2905,  3135, 

3400. 
Carthey,  2437. 
Catlin,  849,  2840. 
Chamberlain,  2362,  2363,  2474,   3346, 

3414.  3417- 
Chapman,  2124,  2147,  2150,  2184,  2581, 

2599,  2642,  2834,  3076,  3302. 
Chappel,  2060. 
Charlton,  228B. 
Chatterton,  no. 
Chaucer,  2517. 
Chenevard,  1437,  1462,  1489,  1514,  1547, 

2052,  2485,  2537,  2740,  2980. 
Chipman,  2267. 
Choat,  2510. 
Church,  35,  76,  105,  232,  250,  318,  342, 


1584, 
2070, 
2369. 
2626, 
3109, 
3412. 


2436. 
2542, 

1807, 
23541 
2766, 


1852, 
3156, 

1065, 
2633, 

2171, 
2938. 
19501 


1823, 
2231, 
3345. 


3413. 
2594. 


2046, 


3601 


Index  to  Appendix   III 


415 


385,  627,  667,  766,  7g8,  825,  876,  911,  946, 
970,  982,  loio,  1036,  1067,  1 104,  1212,  1273, 
1307,  2117,  2121,  2248,  2285,  2321,  2323,  2525, 
2646,  3026,  3055. 

Clapp-Clap,  1077,  iiig,  1184,  1241,  1344,  1364, 
1367,  1368, 1369, 1370, 1417, 1418, 1431, 1459, 
i493>  14941 1495. 1496)  1497. 1593. 1839, 1895, 
2048,  2266,  2366  2377,  2399)  2428^7.  2493, 
2505,  2589,  2649,  2778,  2780,  2799,  2801,  2827, 
2884,  2926,  2945,  2946,  3043,  3136,  3196,  3201. 

Clark-Clarke,  728,  1357,  1621,  1635,  1744, 
1759,  1789, 1942,  2017,  2152,  2202,  2231,  2290, 
23581  2374.  2454)  2481,  2513)  2516,  2530,  2585) 
2784,  3123,  3147,  319I)  3271,  3309. 

Clough,  2355. 

Cogswell,  2140,  2404. 

Cole,  12,  33,  66,  90,  94,  118,  149,  152)  218,  276, 
366,  388,  410,  436,  445,  488,  826,  874,  905, 
941,  1004,  1008,  1029,  1035,  1058,  1099,  1 140, 
1178,  1222,  1268,  1296,  3126. 

Colefare,  625. 

Colefax,  254. 

Colegrove,  2483. 

Collier,  759,  818,  2445. 

Collins,  2065,  2558,  2951,  3215,  3216,  3333. 

Colt,  1472,  1589,  2753,  2912,  2981,  2985. 

Colton,  1974,  2040,  2503,  2967,  2993. 

Colvin,  2442,  2467. 

Combs,  2522. 

Cotnstock,  2485. 

Cone,  2158,  2180. 

Conley,  2261. 

Connor,  2452. 

Cook-Cooke,  396,  426,  443,  457,  7S3,  2059, 
2104,  2146,  2179,  2214,  2230,  2256,  2431,  2448, 
2459)  2535. 

Coon,  2104. 

Corning-,  1581,  1646,  1688,  1761,  1867,  1935, 
2142,  2148,  2208,  2227,  2329,  2494,  3337,  33S8. 

Cotton,  2033,  2196,  2510. 

Cowles,  1924. 

Crampton,  2427. 

Crane,  1956,  1964. 

Crocker,  2127. 

Crosby,  2066,  2664,  3295. 

Cross,  2557. 

Crow,  97,  125,  126,  490. 

Cullio,  2311,  2461. 

Culver,  2466. 

Cutler,  2206. 

Curtiss-Cartiss,  2299,  2345,  2455,  2519,  2573. 

Dana,  3373. 

Danforth,  1515,  1551,  1573,  1585,  1609,  1638, 
1653,  1662,  1707,  2427,  2489,  2819,  3110. 

Daniels,  2319,  2480,  2546. 

Davenport,  752. 

Davey,  1577,  2132,  2901. 

Davis,  197,  515,  516. 


Day,   42,  1556,  1563,  1564,   1565,  2055,  2218, 

2230,  2387,  2861,  2870. 
Dean,  2167. 
Dee,  2246,  2392. 
Deining,   1990,  2081,  2136)  2262,  2378,  2381, 

2432- 
Denslow,  2551. 
Dewy,  2393. 

Dexter,  2234,  2632,  2899,  2937,  3181. 
Dibble,  2424. 
Dickinson-Dickenson-Dickeson,  113,  260, 

404,  422,  548,  555,  602,  658,  747,  808,  860, 

913,  950,  984,  1038,  1081,  1416,  2036,  2386, 

2764,  3084. 
Dige,  2773,  3223. 
Dimock,  2243. 
Dix,  472,  474,  487,  526,  2451. 
Dodd,  1328,  1398,  1399,  2056,  2165,  2277,  2315, 

2346, 2360, 2428,  2468, 2619, 2623, 2717,  3009, 

3010,  3071,  3115,  3140,  3207,  3254,  3281,  3344, 

337 1)  3372,  3406- 
Dolphin,  2391,  2556,  2607,  2652,  3170,  3285. 
Doolittle,  1963,  2019. 
Dorr,  222. 

Dow-Dowe,  324,  1133. 
Dowzick,  2241. 
Drake,  2023,  2256. 
Driggs,  21 13. 
Dudley,  772,  2339. 
Dunham,  2398,  3144. 
Dunlap,  2546. 
Dunton,  2328,  3289. 
Durrie,  1615,  1751,  2454. 
Dwight,  1449,  1450,  2726,  3031,  3086. 
Dwyer-Dwier-Duier,  1696,  1697)  1698, 1699, 

1700,  2137,  2565,  3203. 
Dyer,  2205. 
Earle,  2566. 
Eason,  1155. 
Easton,  1027,  1074,  1198. 
Eaton,  2205,  2476,  3347,  3351. 
Eddy,  1926. 
Edwards- Edward,    758,    1200,    2201,    2233, 

2478,  2772,  3107. 
Eggleston,  1889,  1986. 
Eldridge,  2219. 
Eli,  2697. 
Elias,  2149. 
Ellery,  2200,  3097. 
Elmer,  2222. 

Elsworth,  1944,  2541,  3396. 
Ely,  2002,  2226. 
Emmerson,  2023. 
Ensign-Ensigne-Ensing-Insign,  7,  23,  725, 

908,  1064,  1089,  1123,  1177,  1183,  1512,  2029, 

2325)  2736,  2887,  3047,  3070,  3188. 
Eston,  4i,  58,  74,  87,  104,  143,  297,  317,  323 

33°)  348,  35I)  38I)  397)  423t  449)  477- 


4i6 


History  of  the  Church 


Esty,  2457. 

Everitt,  2285. 

Fairchild,  2009. 

Fairman,  1692,  1693,  1694,  1695,  3134,  3235. 

Farmer,  2521. 

Farnsworth,  1301,  2743. 

Faro,  2039. 

Fay,  2180. 

Fielding-,  2948. 

Filley,  1982. 

Fish,  2540,  3214,  3265. 

Fisk,  3219,  3266. 

Fitch,  266,  3073. 

Flint,  1376,  1483,  1648,  1663,  1689,  1856,  1862, 

2138,  2324,  2340,  2358,  2491,  2660,  2752,  2838, 

3020,  3028,  3088. 
Flagg,  1330,  1331,  1596,  1601,  1602,  1603, 1604, 

1605, 1632, 1654,  1667, 1729,  1746, 1747,  2108, 

2186,  2564,  2673,  3029. 
Flannigen,  2247. 

Flower-Flowers,  484,  525,  546,  589,  794,  864. 
Foot-Foote,  2375,  3211. 
Forbes,  1948,  2041,  2136,  322-1. 
Forbish,  737. 
Fortune,  2049,  2071. 
Fosdick,  3096. 
Foster,  2of,  1536,  1537,  1538,  1617,  2173,  2246, 

2426. 
Fox,  194s,  1946,  2362. 
Francis,  1599,  1757,  1951,  2281,  2529,  2569. 
Frazier,  2274. 
Freeman,  2044,  2411,  2531. 
Frisbie,  2314. 

Fviller,  1776,  1777,  177S,  1815,  3149,  3394. 
Gains,  2272,  3234,  3249,  3378. 
Galpin,  2185. 
Gannett-Gannet-Garnet,   1642,  1651,  1664, 

1870,  31 13. 
Garsha,  2908. 
Gates,  2139. 
Gay,  2217,  3304. 

Gibbon-Gibbons,  127,  479,  480,  481,  489. 
Gibson,  26S2. 
Geer,  2394. 

Gilbart-Gilbert,  52,  608,  623,  689,  734,  2931. 
Gillet,  177,  639,  673,  754,  809,  835,  957. 
Gladwin,  1237. 
Gleason,  1773a,  3283. 
Gomer,  2229. 
Goodale,  2560,  2562. 
Goodman,  18S2. 
Goodwin,  690,  718,  987,  1051,  1245,  1677,  1713, 

1714, 1869, 1909, 1927, 1996, 1999,  2005,  2291, 

2341,  2371,  2475,  3268. 
Gordon,  2704. 
Gorham,  2296. 
Gorton,  2103. 
Graham,  739,  1226,  2068. 


Grant,  2260. 

Grave-Graves,  5,  24,  1016. 

Grear,  3054,  3077. 

Green,  1233,  2421,  2457,  3241. 

Greenleaf,  2188. 

Greenwood,  2672. 

Greenfield,  2523. 

Gridley,  2012,  2013,  2014,  2015. 

Grimes,  1196,  1257. 

Grist,  2247. 

Gurney,  275,  1295. 

Hadlock,  2979,  3159,3173. 

Hale,  358,  2122,  24S1. 

Halee,  64. 

Hall,  2276. 

Halsey,  2173. 

Hamniock,  2087. 

Hancock-Hancok,   2207,   2309,    2902,    2989, 

32331  3316)  333°- 

Hanison-Hannison,  128,  493,  494,  495,  788, 
852. 

Hannibal,  2392. 

Hanson,  2107,  2862,  2865,  2878. 

Harber,  14,  31. 

Harris,  117,  2251,  2295. 

Harrison,  2203. 

Hart,  173,  664,  679,  698,  2321,  2435,  2552,  3243, 
3248,  33071  3359- 

Hartshorn-Hartshome,  2187,  2334,  3034. 

Harwood,  3090,  3118,3280. 

Hastings,  2304. 

Hatchet,  508. 

Haj'den,  2514,  3212. 

Hedges,  2987. 

Hempsted-Hempstead,  1389,  1390,  1391, 
1392,  1686, 1687, 1850,  1851,  2068,  2342,  2532, 
261 1,  2702,  2769,  2775,  3186,  3336,  3350. 

Hender,  2701. 

Hickok,  2301. 

Hildrup,  2169. 

Hill,  509,  510,  511,  520,  843,  2212. 

Hills,  137,  552,  888,  igig,  1925,  1949, 1985,  2192, 
2453,  2466,  2526,  3056,  3276. 

Hillyer,  2424. 

Hinckley,  1774,  1775,  1826. 

Hinsdale,  144,  193,  194,  247,  253,  255,  536,  565, 
6o7i  6531  716,  865,  916,  951,  1084,  iiii,  1135, 
1377,  1387,  1428, 1500, 1724, 1725, 1726,  1727, 
1728, 1739, 1787,  1797, 17991  1819,  2130,  2195, 
2226,  2484,  2490,  2508,  2578,  2822,  3228,  3240, 
3298,  3301,  3360. 

Hitchcock,  2101. 

Hixson,  31,  78. 

Hoffman,  2070. 

Holland,  2194,  2681,  2807,  2955. 

Hollister,  2031,  2078,  2131,  2162. 

Holmes,  2178,  2405,  2474. 

Holt,  171S,  1735,  3263- 


Index  to  Appendix  III 


417 


Holtum,  II02,  1162,  1213,  1284. 

Hooker,  172,  617,  631,  662,  703,  786,  810,  827, 

2133,  2143,  2635,  2867,  3334. 
Hopkins,  706,  750,  1451,  1452,  1541,  1580,  2161. 
Hoskins,  2 141. 
Hosley,  2502. 

House,  loi,  308,  326,  344,  363,  386,  429,  3237. 
Hosmer,  37,  84,  106,  114,  147,  181,  246,  296, 

3i3>  334.  350.  390.  4241  701.  795.  844,  896, 

1003,  1386,  1406, 1407,  1408,  1409,  2297,  2359, 

2442,  2467,  2512,  2606,  2684. 
Hovey,  2239,  2273,  2487,  3185,  3210,  3326,  3409. 
Howard,  80,  81,  82,  83,  102,  268,  508,  601,  638, 

684,  756,  836,  891,  1159,  1182,  1234,  1285, 

I305- 
Howe,  1790,  2508. 

Howell-Howel,  2590,  2712,  3016,  3184,  3273. 
Hubbard,  48,  189,  210,  249,  501,  522,  572,  668, 

767,  847,  Qio,  1071,  1105,  1151,  1981. 
Hudson,  1346,  1385,  1388,  1427,  1460,  1591a, 

2063,  2183,  2306,  2386,  2398,  2699,  2708,  2783, 

2961,  2970,  3403. 
Hughes,  2317. 
Hull,  2041,  2554. 
Humphrey,  935,  973,  1360,  141CS  1553,  1554, 

1773, 1813, 1849, 1857,  2091,  2187,  2384,  2413, 

2420,  2814, 2857,  2869,  3089,  3099,  3131,  3236, 

33101  3338,  3348. 
Hunt,  540,  578. 

Huntington,  2155,  2253,  2329,  2490. 
Huntley,  2258. 
Hurd,  2222. 

Hurlburt,  2844,  3074,  3129. 
Hurlbut,  2943,  2944. 
Husse,  730. 

Hutchinson,  1325,  2213. 
Insign,  1123. 
Isham,  1669. 
Jackson,  2570. 
Jacobs,  1690,  1758. 
James,  2383. 

Janes,  2059,  2525,  2670,  2762,  2849. 
Jeflfrey,  2353. 
Jemima,  2739. 
Jenkins,  2181. 
Jerome,  2062,  2234. 
Jesse,  235. 
Jewet,  2361. 
Johns,  2194. 
Johnson,  1928,  2034,   2051,   21 19,   2135,   2196, 

2280,  2300,  2417,  2456,  2476,  2511,  2512,  2933. 
Jones,  1218,  1607,  1679,  1680,  1681,  1742,  2149, 

2216,  2276,  2278,  2353,  2395,  2412,  2418,  2448. 

2507,  2839,  2842,  2849,  3045. 
Juda,  2753,  3035. 

Judd,  165,  170,  175,  878,  2193,  2241. 
Judson,  igSS. 
Kappel,  2494. 

27 


Kcler,  2344. 
Kellogg-Kalog-Kellogue-Kellog- 

Kelogue,  136,  215,  518,  S4ii  S74i  626,  685, 

797,  887,  998,  1 100,  2334,  2910,  3040. 
Kelsey,  2141,  2228,  2304,  2430. 
Kennedy,  1372,  1373,  1425,  1456,  1525,  1526, 

1587,  1588,  2695,  2973. 
Keeney-Keney,  2240,  2258,  2338. 
Kent,  1645. 
Kentfield,  1620,  2150. 
Kepple,  2805. 

Kilbourn-Kilburn,  1893,  2305,  2390,  2432. 
Kilby,  2326. 

King,  1186,  1242,  1313,  2430,  3160. 
Kingsbury,  1380,  1436,  2291. 
Knap,  2522. 

Kneeland,  2083,  2434,  2832. 
Knight,  402,  439. 

Knowles-Knowls,  1266,  1291,  1316,  3313. 
Knox,  1670,  1691,  1740,  1766,  1798,  1871,  1876, 

2327,  2542,  3221. 
Lamb,  2088,  2105,  3027,  3257. 
Lambert,  2495. 
Lamson,  2163. 
Landfear,  2524. 
Langdon,  1376, 

Larkum-Larkim,  1423,  2668,  3037,  3048. 
Latimer,  1914,  i960. 
Learned,  2322. 
Ledyard,  214CS  2730. 
Lee,  657,  804,  2088,  2323. 
LefiRngwell,  1898. 
Lewis,  649,  2127,  2479,  2561,  3258. 
Light,  2439. 
Long,  681. 
Loomis,  221,  1341,  1413,  1890,  2058,  2293,  2515, 

3005. 
Lord,  133,  134,  553,  591,  622,  669,  771,  824,  894, 

936,  977>  1883,  2372,  2465. 
Lothrop,  2263. 
Louis,  2067. 
Loveman,  1915. 
Lyman,  2410,  2418,  2498,  2964. 
Lyndon,  1767,  2534. 
Mahar,  2383. 
Malone,  2637. 
Maloy,  2220. 
Mark-Marks,    1446,    1466,   2721,    1854,  2105, 

2167,  2721. 
Marsh,  36,  92,  216,  217,  226,  227,  252,  280,  302, 

325.  345i  371.  384.  413.  448,  468,  593,  635, 

641.  705.  791.  831,  845,  893,  907,  933,  995, 

looi,  1030, 1039, 1086,  1092,  1129, 1149,  1214, 

1265, 1308, 1907, 2094, 2137, 3124, 3I5I,  3153, 
Marshall,  3355. 
Martin,  2020. 
Marvin,  2123,  2523. 
Mason,  2410. 


4i8 


History  of  the  Church 


May,  1994,  2210,  2520,  2732. 

McCarty,  2221. 

McClintock,  2044. 

McCurdy,  1404,  1405,  2823,  2877. 

McGuier-McGwier,  2356,  3106. 

McLean-MacClean,  1666,  1899,  1900,  2022, 
2185,  2210,  2310,  2357,  2425,  2572,  2608,  3128. 

McKee,  2405,  2441. 

Meacham-Meachum,  2272,  2303,  3067,  3361. 

Mekins-Meekins,  63,  314,  335,  356,  357,  418) 
441,  442. 

Mellen,  2063. 

Merrill  -  Merolds  -  Merrils  -  Merrels-Mer- 
old  -  Merill  -  Merrells  -  Merils,  61,  71, 
95,  178,  179,  201,  207,  208,  209,  211,  212,  242, 
288,  301,  327,  346,  364,  394,  430,  463,  554, 
575,  618,  619,  655,  674,  744,  762,  768,  801, 
811,  823,  830,  890,  892,  903,  926,  929,  932, 
961, 964,  974,  978,  979,  997,  1012,  1017,  1019, 
1022, 1025,  1028,  1056,  1070,  1087, 1136,  1181, 
1261, 1288,  1936,  1973,  2112,  2296,  2587. 

Merritt-Merit,  1623,  1625,  1626,  1637,  2224. 

Messenger,  1024,  1063,  1187. 

Mighill,  230,  990. 

Miles,  732,  1108,  1150,  1197. 

Miller,  2054,  2099,  2460,  2470,  2521. 

Miner,  1779,  1780,  1781,  2825,  3157,  3163,  3239, 

3387- 
Miranda,  2372,  2464,  2863,  2916,  2963,  3022, 

3075- 
Mitchell,  2531. 
Mix,  2214. 

Mize,  2204,  2351,  2669,  2782. 
Monroe,  2545. 
Montague,  3300. 
Moody-Moodey,  683,  735,  780,  820,  870,  898, 

927,  989. 
Moore,  2438,  2557,  2741. 
Moreton,  1297. 
Morgan,  687,  1905,  2032,  2343,  2349,2381,  2537, 

2595,  2665,  2671. 
Morley,  1902,  2338,  3122. 
Morrison,  2184,  2545,  2918,  2991,  3035. 
Morse,  1970,  2389.  • 
Moses,  1124. 
Myers,  2428a,  3133. 
Mygatt-Mygat,  129,  188,  281,  282,  517,  564, 

882,  915,  939,  972,  1021,  1207,  1239,  1303, 

1962. 
Mudge,  III,  112,  419. 
Munn,  666. 
Murdock,  1896. 
Murray,  2229. 
Nash,  II,  25,  96. 
Neptune,  2591,  2719. 
Nevins,  2045. 
Newell-Newel,  604,  656,  2022. 


Nichols-Nicols-Nicholl-Nicoll-Nicolls, 
606,  731,  967,  1510,  2024,  2081,  2110,  2268, 
2413,  2556,  2620,  2628,  2718,  2811,  3172,  3331, 
3382. 

Norcutt,  1842. 

North,  671,  765,  802,  856,  2403. 

Northam,  159. 

Northrop,  2447. 

Norton,  781,  2238. 

Nott,  2Q77,  3080. 

Ogden,  2073. 

Olcott,  695,  741,  2086,  2313,  2486. 

Olmsted-Olmstead,   699,    1349,    1954,    1998, 

24637  2554- 
Orvice,  532,  563,  582,  624,  859. 
Osmer,  475. 
Osborne,  2347. 
Ovid,  2034. 
Owen,  2170. 
Packard,  2064. 
Painter,  2950. 
Palmer,  2408,  2482,  2563. 
Parsons,  238,  2182,  2209. 
Patterson,  2495,  2538. 
Paxman,  2067. 
Pears,  2473. 
Pease,  2399. 
Peck,  717,  742,  819,  2197,  3208. 

Peggy,  2737. 

Pell,  2417. 

Pelton,  2507,  3148. 

Perkins,  2157,  2235. 

Pero,  2929,  3068. 

Perry,  952,  994,  1985,  2203.  v 

Peter-Peters,   2049,   2319,  2473,   2499,   2788. 

Petison,  2414. 

Petor,  2201. 

Pettes,  2286. 

Phelps,  736,  2307,  2332,  2492,  2794,  3209. 

Phillips,  2119,  2509. 

Phillis,  2917. 

Phinney,  2365. 

Phippeney,  2472. 

Pierce,  2097,  2102,  2145,  2491. 

Pitman,  1610,  1639. 

Pitkin,  760,  1933,  2433,  2453,  2463. 

Plumb,  2130. 

Ponieroy,  2223,  2242,  2269,  2579- 

Pop,  2893. 

Porter,  693,  697,  746,  777,  803,  863,  1378,  14571 
1991, 1992,  2082,  2096,  2244,  22S6,  2316,  2446, 
2452,  2503,  2511,  2560,  2742,  2913,  3408. 

Potter,  2097. 

Pound,  2960. 
Powel,  1215,  1219. 

Pratt-Prat,  576,  605,  727,  1139,  "72.  i2°3» 
1480, 1884,  2056,  2078,  2238,  2243,  2373,  2559. 


Index  to  Appendix   III 


419 


Prents,  1164. 

Prime,  2656. 

Priimis,  J254. 

Prince,  2491. 

Purchase,  2047. 

Putnam,  1703,  1720,  1745,  1814a,  2426. 

Ramsay,  2371. 

Ramsdell,  2949. 

Raphael,  2907. 

Rash,  2274. 

Rathbone,  2421. 

Raymore,  2501. 

Reed,  2128,  2400,  2528,  3318. 

Reeve,  1144. 

Reinolds,  1138. 

Ricards,  2480. 

Rice,  2301,  2559. 

Rich,  2416. 

Richards,  2,  55,  89,  299,  319,  337,  374,  407,  408, 

743i  7SI,  769,  2480. 
Riley,  2212. 
Ripley,  2486. 
Ripner,  2401. 
Ripney,  2384. 
Risley,  2451,  2459. 
Robbins,  1322,  1396,  1507,  1508,  1543,  15441 

1575, 1932,  21 14,  2120,  2125,  2206,  2232,  2262, 

2354,  2422,  2436,  2761,  2810,  2816,  2942,  2999, 

3000,  3292. 
Roberts,  167,  497,  551,  597,  654,  738,  821, 1622, 

1785, 17S6, 1802, 1803, 1804, 1805, 1923, 1941, 

2255,  2295,  2328,  2368,  2370,  2395,  2477,  2526, 

2729,  2890,  3036,  3193. 
Robinson,  1750,  2484. 
Rockwell,  2889. 

Rogers,  2179,  2270,  2341,  2387,  2396,  2551. 
Root,  663,  1059,  1078,  1115,  1567,  1568,  1569, 

1570, 1571, 1572, 1881,  2050,  2112,  2558,  2888, 

3065,  3154. 
Rose,  2423. 
Ross,  2550. 

Ruggles,  1674,  1719,  2934,  3019,  3083,  3220. 
Russ,  2165,  2936,  3363. 
Russell-Russel,  1969,  2117,  2336,  2407. 
Sage,  1477,  2211,  2379,  3044,  3102. 
Sanford-Samford,  26,  85, 109,  305,  2903,  2990. 
Sarah,  2645,  2705,  2728. 
Sargeant,  1918. 

Saunders,  2218,  2313,  2538,  2971,  3366,  3395. 
Scott,  1630,  2499. 
Sears,  2502. 
Sedgwick,  2549. 
Sellew,  1993. 
Sennett,  2326. 
Sexton,  694,  loii. 
Seymour-Seamer-Seamor-Seamour- 

Seymer,  39,  62,  100,  184,  198,  202,  239, 

241,  263,  264,  265,  267,  269,  300,  322,  343, 


361,  3S2,  405,  542,  567,  615,  675,  773.  792, 
814,  832,  854,  900,  904,  928,  953,  960,  991, 
1000,  1005,  1026,  1032,  1046,  1083,  1106,  mo, 
H22,  1134, 1158,  1169,  1170,  1199,  1204,  1225, 
1247, 1252,  1255,  1278,  1282,  1283,  1315,  1318, 
1337)  1338,  13391  i340>  134S1  1348,  I3SS)  1381, 
1397,  1420,  1439,  1440,  1441,  1444,  1445,  1461, 
1464,  1470,  1492,  1578,  1631,  1715,  1716, 1717, 
1741,  1752,  1756, 1817,  1824,  1838,  2045,  2052, 
2095,  2111,  2114,  2151,  2160,  2164,  2174,  2200, 
221 1,  2215,  2236,  2249,  2252,  2269,  2273,  2275, 
2277,  2283,  2294,  2311,  2375,  2382,  2394,  2397, 
2440,  2450,  2462,  2469,  2471,  2483,  2504,  2530, 
2552,  2571,  2617,  2621,  2625,  2680,  2687,  2691, 
2714,  2731,  2734,  274s,  2759,  2760,  2770,  2785, 
2824,  2835,  2841,  2954,  2958,  2968,  2969,  2972, 
2986,  2995,  3032,  3042,  3046,  3058,  3062,  3069, 
3101,  3171,  3182,  3183,  3189,  3202,  3264,  3284, 
33°8,  3317.  3322,  3329,  3354,  3362,  3380,  3384, 
3385.  34II- 

Sha\v,  2401. 

Sheldon,  noi,  1153,  1208,  1248,  1294,  1392, 
2037,  2076,  2624,  2634,  2830,  2843,  3087,  3130. 

Shelter,  2921,  2932,  3174. 

Shepard-Shephard- Shepherd,  647,  943, 
968,  981,  1342,  1343,  1352,  1363,  1371,  1403' 
1422, 1442, 1458, 1522, 1529, 1530, 1618, 1678, 
1848, 1859, 1984,  2027,  2048,  2172,  2191,  2347, 
2376,  2393,  2412,  2518,  2533,  2583,  2616,  2631, 
2638,  2640,  2821,  2891,  2930,  2978,  3112,  3127, 
31321  3^371  31381  32381  32551  32781  3291.  3320, 
3349)  3370.  3376- 

Shipman,  677. 

Simonds-SimonSi  1049,  igoi,  2134. 

Sisson,  2793. 

Skank,  2186. 

Skinner-St.  Skinner,  672,  719,  1414,  1447. 
1463, 16611 1704, 17211 1748, 1816,  2028,  2174, 
217S1  2225,  2264,  2308,  2350,  2468,  2553,  2735, 
2781,  2909,  2965,  3072,  3277. 

Slater,  19771  2287. 

Sloan-Sloane,  1382,  1383,  1384,  1426,  1488, 
15231  15741  1586,  1652,  1855,  2060,  2592. 

Smith,  51,  64,  68,  108,  115,  142,  160,  166,  236, 
290,  307,  321,  3361  362,  365,  376,  392,  399, 
461,  484,  549,  592,  6031  632,  644,  645,  651, 
670,  678,  709,  733,  748,  775,  776,  785,  805, 
822,  834,  867,  869,  880,  922,  931,  975,  1513, 
1555, 1921, 1934, 19401  2016,  2065,  2079,  2126, 
22611  2283,  2349,  2368,  2380,  2443,  2479,  2666, 
27331  2855,  2856,  2879,  2880,  3218. 

Sooter,  21 10,  2308,  2333,  3297. 

Special,  2237. 

Spencer,  712,  721,  726,  740,  817,  944,  954, 1195, 
1894, 1968,  2003,  2004,  2028,  20381  2042,  2061, 
2094,  2318,  2348,  2351,  2396,  2397,  2440,  2458, 
2471,  2482,  2489. 

Stafford,  2561. 


420 


History  of  tJie  Church 


Stanley-Standly,  34,  99,  315,  338,  368,  414, 
6331  895,  925,  956,  1006,  1044,  1076,  1 1 16, 
1156, 1193, 1217, 1259, 1375, 1421, 1434,  i486, 
2020,  2024,  2050,  2166,  2190,  2533,  2641,  2663, 
2677,  2786,  3079, 3272,  3290,  3389. 

Starr-Star,  1657, 1668, 1673,  2089,  2330,  2808. 

Staunton,  1771,  1801. 

Stavely,  2171,  2939. 

Stebbing,  16. 

Stedman,  2086,  2406,  3261. 

Steel-Steele,  10,  27,  119,  138,  139,  140,  150, 
257,  273,  289,  332,  421,  440,  454,  478,  502. 
523)  545)  562,  577)  594)  652,  948,  976,  1020, 
1055,  1085,  1107,  1130,  1145,  ii54r  117S)  1210, 
1216,  1249;  1250,- 1277, 1281,  1287, 1309,  1319, 
1321,  1350,  1401, 1471,  1484,  1834,  1835,  1844, 
2031,  2037,  2077,  2082,  2093,  2122,-  2144,  2146, 
2197,  2198,  2270,  2292,  2294,  2312,  2318,  2445, 
2547,  2604,  2618,  2698,  2706,  2707,  271Q,  2713, 
2744,  2795,  2796,  2845^2875,  2876,  2896,  2915, 
2997,  3014,  3093,  3162,  3190,  3194,  3198,  3206, 
3231,  3242,  3246, 3256,  3260, 3315, 3405' 

Stephens,  1879. 

Stephenson,  3252. 

Ste'wart,  3222. 

Stiles,  1738,  1760. 

Stillman-Stilman,  ifoo,  1957,  1961,  1965, 
2232. 

Stive,  3063. 

Stocking,  6,  20. 

Stoddard,  2462. 

Storer,  2207. 

Strong,  2075,  2ogo> 

Swaddle,  2043. 

Sweetland-Sweatland,  1825,  2369,  2535, 
2895. 

Sweetser,  2447,  2563. 

Swift,  20S0,  2455,  31 17,  3262,  3364. 

Symmes,  2021. 

Talcott,  764,  962,  1013. 

Talmadge-Tallmadge,  2225,.  2355. 

Taylor- Taylour-Tailor,  482,  483,  986,  988, 
1053, 1 127, 1240, 1351, 1354, 1505, 1545, 1644, 
1711, 1712, 1772, 1837,  i860, 1866, 1939, 1953, 
2008,  2084,  2129,  2156^2158,  2314,  2458,  2518, 
25391  2566,  2582,  2584,  2596,  2602,  2612,  2804, 
2892,  3232,  3410. 

Terry,  1559,  1560,  1561,  1562,  1583,  1634,  1794, 
1795, 1796, 1959, 1995,  2072,  2111,  2151,  2569, 
2871,  2924,  3294,  3399. 

Thatcher,  2006. 

Thompson,  1749,  2057,  2085,  2367,.  2568,  2751, 
2853- 

Thomas,  2288,  2771,  2886,  2984,  3165. 

Thornton,  116,  377,  866,  921,  963,  1260. 

Thrasher,  2513. 

Tileston,  2342. 

Tillotson-Tillottson,  1254,  1279,  1312^ 


Tinker,  1873,  1874,  1875,  2177,  2385. 

Tisdale-Tisdall,  1429,  2820,  2922,  2974,  3024, 
3275- 

Titus,  3060. 

Towsey,  496. 

Todd,  1828. 

Tryon,  2038,  2096,  2159,  2434,  2456,  2923,  2927. 

Tubbs,  191I)  1912,  1913. 

Tucker,  1552,  1930,  2026,  2091,  2181,  2774, 
2802,  2813,  3091. 

Turner,  151,  153,  234,  556,  579,  636,  715,  779, 
846,  889,  91^1  949,  1007,  1042,  1088,  1090, 
1168,  1267,  2113,  2182. 

Tuttle,  2543. 

Tyler,  2344,  2555. 

Underwood,  2464. 

Usher,  3139. 

Van  Doom,  2373. 

Vanhorn,  2478. 

Van  Orden,  2757. 

Venton,  2298. 

Ventris,  2058. 

Verstille,  1877,  1878. 

Wadsworth,  369,  400,  416,  435,  616,  629,  650, 
665,  702,  787,  828,  829,  1015,  1415,  1708, 
1723, 1762, 1872, 1892,  2100,  2121,  2219,  2220, 
2221,  2257,  2271,  2284,  2292,  2310,  2357,  2359, 
2367,  2407,  2409,  2529,  2639,  2873,  3049,  3078, 
3229,  3321,  3327. 

Wales,  3012,  3205. 

Walker,  2461. 

Ward,  2189,  2265. 

Warner,  581,  646,  1885,  2102,  2132,  2244,  2245, 
2282,  2415,  3104. 

Warren,  57,  168,  171,  312,  339,  561,  583,  590, 
596,  640,  79$,  807,  879,  1061,  1095,  2059, 
2igi,  2202,  2217,  2289,  2333,  2586,  2716,  319s, 

3286. 

Washburne,  2348. 

Waterman,  2380,  3225,  3270,  3365. 

Waters,  233,  261,  271,  707,  980,  1235,  1256, 
1310, 1320,  2352,  2356,  2364,  2365,  2441,  2534, 
2562,  2747,  2768,  3066,  3119,  3274,  3340. 

Watkinson,  1647,  1658,  2183,  2306,  3098. 

Watson,  21,  49,  93,  219,  406,  433,  513,  547,  930, 
999,  2010,  2074,  2569,  2709. 

Wattles,  2976,  3033. 

Watts,  9,  22. 

Way,  70,  155,  311,  329,  2103. 

Webb,  2252,  2988. 

Webber,  2320,  2656. 

Webster,  4,  75,  135,  iSo,  190,  191,  192,  196, 
199,  203,  204,  205,  245,  248,  262,  285,  29s, 
306,  333,  378,  409,  431,  437,  450,  465,  469, 
519)  529)  537)  557)  585)  595i  610,  642,  643, 
692,  722,  784,  816,  837,  875,  899,  909,  917, 
918,  937,  985,  1018,  1034,  1093,  1 103,  1125, 
1126,  1143,  1160,  1180,  H90,  1206,  1230,  1244, 


Index  to  Appe7idix  III 


421 


1251, 1253,  '280, 1292, 1293, 1306, 1314, 1323, 
1324, 1333, 1365, 1379, 1432, 1479, 1534, 1730, 

'73'i  '73^1  17331  17365  1788,  1810,  1812,  1831, 
1843,  '9^7)  2027,  2093,  2176,  2281,  2287,  2331, 
2343,  2406,  2500,  2516,  2527,  2603,  2815,  2866, 
2883,  2897,  2956,  3114,  3116,  3217,  3305,  3314, 
3328. 

Weare,  1888,  2033,  2298. 

Weeden,  2228. 

Weeks,  2370,  2536. 

Welden,  2317,  2433. 

Welds,  124,  154,  163,  224,  225,  452,  464,  498, 
499,  538,  570,  580,  588,  682,  710,  793,  1066, 
1097,  1171,  1211,  1246,  1275. 

Wells,  277,  634,  851,  1128,  1132,  1366,  1465, 
1473,  1490,  1499,  15H,  1546,  1550,  1579, 
1649,  1903,  1904,  igo8,  1910,  1916, 1937,  2030, 
2035,  2118,  2266,  2302,  2309,  2315,  2528,  2541, 
2543)  2553)  2654,  2791,  2847,  2850,  2851,  2864, 
291 1,  2982,  3001,  3002. 

Weston,  1292,  1293. 

Wetherly,  2914. 

Wetmore,  2073,  2250. 

Whaples,  32,  162,  164,  453,  485,  506,  528,  539, 
573)  5^7)  611,  686,  714,  848,  934,  966,  1040, 
1047,  1098,  1272,  1311. 

Wheaton,  2143,  3176. 

Wheeler,  244,  609,  1142,  1192,  1228,  1394,  1395, 
1597,  2080,  2116,  2302,  2376,  2450,  2496,  2610, 
2613,  2650,  2661,  2711,  2787,  2904,  3094,  3383. 

Whetmore,  1886. 

White,  40,  60,  78,  169,  2S7,  486,  530,  566,  600, 
659,  914,  1057,  1109,  1167,  1221,  2142,  2172) 
2177,  2224,  2303,  2408,  2429,  2536,  2655,  2962, 
3038,  3369. 

Whiting,  I,  17,  98,  213,  237,  258,  279,  294,  340, 
359)  367)  387)  393)  4")  432)  444)  45^)  466, 
49I)  507)  514)  543)  544)  59^)  io54)  i°9i)  i°96) 
1137,  1173,  1174,  ii88,  1223,  1231, 1232, 1262, 
1270, 1298,  2162. 


Whitman,  2134,  2175,  2472,  2686,  2803,  3332. 

Whitney,  2162. 

Whittlesey,  182,  993. 

Wiard,  77,  303,  304,  310. 

Wilcox,  1966,  2297,  2389. 

Willurd,  1952. 

Williams,  1624,  1655,  1947,  1955,  2018,  2107, 

2115,  2188,  2280,  2289,  2346,  241 1,  2419,  2488- 

2515)  2568,  3120,  3143,  3158,  3177,  3250,  3367, 

3393- 
W^illis,  goi. 
Wilson,  47,  107,  148,  161,  284,  328,  352,  354, 

375)  398.  415)  505)  920,  94°)  958)  2064,  2425. 
Winchel,  2789. 
W^inship,  1516,  1517,  1518,  1519,  1520,   1521, 

1524, 1528, 1531, 1532, 1533, 1540, 1549, 1576, 

1636,  2092,  2377,  2379,  2416,  2826,  2846,  284S, 

2854,  3018,  3100,  3161,  3192,  3213,  3296. 
Withenbury,  3303. 
Wolcott,  2378. 
Wood,  871,  1887,  2026. 
Woodbridge,  1359,   1498,    1611,   1612,  1613, 

1614,  2053,  2429,  2431,  2435,  2588,  2765,  2790, 

3013,  3227. 
Woodhouse,  2514,  3312. 
Woodruff- Woodruffe-Woodroof,  183,  187, 

812,  813,  838,  839,  840,  858,  2240. 
Woodward,  1891,  2446. 
Woolterton,  79. 
Worthington,  59,  195,  309,  355,  560,  599,  696. 

862,  947,  2361. 
Wright,  558,  559,  648,  1975,  1976,  2282,  2305 

.  2496,  2520,  3386. 
Wyllys,  2388,  2555,  3377,  3379,  339a 
Wyman,  2036,  2580. 
Yale,  2544. 
Young,  2204. 
Yuk,  1163. 
Zipporah,  2679. 


GENERAL   INDEX 

FOR  THE  NAMES  IN  THE  LISTS  OF  THE  PRECEDING 
APPENDIX,  CONSULT  THE  SPECIAL  INDEX  THERE 
PROVIDED. 


GENERAL  INDEX 


Act  of  Toleration,  ii6,  190. 
AWin,  Jo /in,  37. 

Rc7K  Timothy,  116. 
American  Board,  189. 
Amusements,  78,  136,  172,  173. 
Andrews,  Rev.   W.   W.,  221. 
Andrus,   William,  171. 
Arnold,  yi?///;,  24. 

Susannah,  48. 
Ashmead,  fames,  224. 
Associations,  9S.     See  Geu.  Associ- 
ation. 
Asylum  Hill  Church,  240. 

Babcock,  El  is  ha,  163,  166. 

James,  178. 
Bacon,  Andrew,  22,  24. 

Dr.    Leonard,   16,  35,    41, 

97.  99.  loi'  1S7,  199,  20S, 

231,  244,  245. 
Bailey,  Thomas,  144. 
Baldwin,  Rev.  Abraham,  151. 

Henry,  174. 
Baptismal  Rights,  15,  16,  17,  20,  32, 

34.  50. 
Baptists,  172. 

First  Church  in  Hartford, 
212,  213,  225. 

South  Church,    212,   213, 
225,  226. 
Barbour,  Dea.  Luciiis,  225,  234. 
Barding,  Nathaniel,  19,  37. 
Barlow,  y^d?/,  150. 
Barnard,  Bartholomew,  63. 

Chauncey,  201,  205,  210. 

John,  24. 

C apt.  John,  163. 

Hon.  Henry,  63,  250. 


Barrett,  Joseph,  137,  151. 
Barrows,  Dea.  A.   W.,  226,  234. 

Rev.  E.  P.,  212,  213. 
Bay  Psalm  Book,  73,  83,  87,  104. 
Beccher,  Dr.  Lyman,  178,  188,  191, 

193- 
Bellamy,  Rev.  Joseph,  136. 
Benton,  Andrew,  47,  59. 
Asa,  137. 
Ebeneser,  123. 
Hannah,  48. 
John,  152. 
Bible  Society,  167,  188. 
Bicentennial  Celebration,   241-248. 
Biddall, /6'/w2,  47,  48,  57. 
Joseph,  48. 
Sarah,  48. 
'B\^e\o\v,  Jonathan,  123. 
Billings,   William,  144. 
Bissell,  Rev.  Hezekiah,  139. 
Blatchley,   William,  234,  249. 
Blinman,  Richard,  34. 
Boardman,  Rev.  Benjamin,  called 
to  Second  Church,  ministrjs  etc., 
153    and    sequel  ;  experience    in 
Haddam,    154,     155;    parentage, 
chaplaincy,    sermons,    etc.,    157; 
diary,  158;  letters,  158,  159;  auto- 
graph,   160;    resignation,   death, 
etc.,  160.     See  163. 
Boardman,  Benjamin  J.,  157. 

Charles,  220. 
Bolles,yi9/;;;,  172. 
Brady,  Rev.  John,  212. 
Brace,  Rev.  Dr.,  209. 

Lory,  167. 
Brad  street,  Anne,  74. 
Brainard,ycV;;;  C,  193. 


426 


History  of  the  Church 


Brinley,  George,  64. 
'Qrov^n,  Jonathafi,  137. 
Buck,  Dudley,  237. 
Buckingham,    Daniel,      IVm.  A., 
and  Rev.  Thos.  of  Say  brook,  90. 
Buckingham,  foseph,  Esq.,  91,  120, 
122;    gift    to    society,    126,    127, 
130. 
Buckingham,     Rev.      Thomas     of 
Hartford,  family,  education  and 
settlement,  90-91;  chaplain,   94; 
representative,    96;  election  ser- 
mon,   loi;  another  sermon,  102, 
death,  105,  106. 
Buckingham,  Rev.  S.  G.,  221. 
Buckminster,    Rev.    foseph    and 

Son,  151. 
Bull,  Capt.  Aaron,   137,   151,  i53, 
160. 
Amos,  167. 
David,  48. 
Daniel,   121,    123,    130,    139, 

146. 
Epaphras,  137,  143,  152. 
fonathan,  48,  56,  92,  107,  137, 

160,  171. 
Joseph,  48,  56,  60. 
Ruth,  48. 
Sarah,  62. 
Stisanna,  56. 
Thomas,  47,  56. 
Bunce,yrt';;/^^,  135,  139. 
John,  48. 

Dea.  Russell,  166,  177. 
Sarah,  48. 
Susa7ina,  48. 

Thomas,   24,  47,  48,  49,  57, 
60. 
Burkitt,  Uriah,  172. 
Burnham,  Mrs.  Ann,  \'2.-i,  130. 
Burton,  Rev.  N.  J.,  212,  236,  239, 

250  ;  his  death,  258. 
Bushnell,  Reii.  Horace,  100,  211, 
223,226,227,231,242;  his  address 
at  bi-centennial,  245;  his  death, 
250. 


Butler,  A.   IV.,  215,  219,  225. 
Butler,   Charles,  201. 
fonathan,  163. 

Calkins,  Rev.   IVolcott,  240. 
Carpenter,  Eliphalet,  140. 
Carrique,  Rev.  Richard,   182,   184, 

185. 
Case,  Newton,  225. 
Chauncy,  Nathaniel,  139. 
Cheney,  Mrs.  Louis,  252. 
Chester,  Col.  fohn,  163. 
Childs,    Rev.     Thomas,    231,    233, 

234,  236. 
Choirs,  144,  255,  257. 
Christmas,  etc.,  237. 
Church,  fohn,  48,  60. 

faints,  137. 

foseph,  121,  151,  160. 

Richard,  24. 
Church  Manual,  249. 
City  Mission,  225. 
Clapp,  Elijah,  121. 

Thomas,  137. 
Clarke,  Daniel,  39. 

Dea.  foseph,  140. 

Rev.  Thomas,  226. 

Rev.  Walter,  223,  225,  227, 
228,  230,  242. 
Cobbet,  Rev.  Thos.,  39. 
Cogswell,  Dr.  fames  and  Mason 

F.,  165. 
Cole,  Anne,  48,  59. 
fohn,  47. 

Etisign  fohn,  123. 
Lydia,  48. 
Collins,  Rev.  Nathaniel,  51. 
Colonial  Records,  29,  31,  38-40,  44, 

45.  55.  9S. 

Colt,  Samuel,  225. 

Colton,  Rev.  Benjamin,  94. 

Congregationalism,  22,  41;  Mr. 
Hooker's  ideas  of,  17,  22,  42;  Mr. 
Stone's  idea,  17,  18;  principles  of, 
46,  47;  consociated,  98,  99,  183, 
190;  presbyterianized,  176;  ceases 


General  Index 


427 


to  be   standing   order,    igi;   Dr. 
Bacon  on,  245. 

Conn.  Evangelical  Magazine,  167, 
176. 

Conn.  Mirror,  J93. 

Consociations,  98-101,  188. 

Constitutional  Convention,  191. 

Conversion,  18,  32. 

Cooper,  Samuel  A.,  214. 

Corning,  Dea.  John,  205,  213,  219, 
225. 

Cotton,  yi:;/^«,  33. 

Councils,  earlier,  26-31,  34,  35,  40, 
41,  at  Mr.  AVhiting's  settlement, 
46;  in  case  of  Mr.  Patten,  132, 
139-141;  at  Mr.  Strong's  ordina- 
tion, 143;  at  Mr.  Boardman's, 
156;  in  Mr.  Flint's  case,  163,  164, 
1S6,  187;  Dr.  Bacon's  ordination, 
199;  in  Mr.  Linsley's  case,  196, 
197,  206;  at  North  Church,  211; 
others.  210,  227;  at  Mr.  Parker's 
ordination,  230,  etc.,  etc. 

Conn.  Courant,  126,  132,  133,  135, 
143,  145,  147,  148,  150,  153, 
154,  173,  174,  202,  203,  2ig, 
231,  248,  255. 

Covenant,  47,  49,  129,  206,  207,  241. 

Crane,  Rev.  Cephas  B.,  236. 

Crosby,  Enoch,  137. 

Ebenezer,  166. 

Croswell,  Rev.  H.,  191. 

Crow,  John,  24,  63,  94. 

Cullick, y<?//;/,  15,  20,  22,  24,  39,  41. 

Currency,  154,  155. 

Daggett,  David,  220. 

Rev.  Oliver  E.,  214,  217, 
218,  2ig,  220,  221,  222, 
231,  242,  245,  248. 
Danforth,  Rev.  Samuel,  39. 
Davenport,  Rev.  James,  115. 

Rev.  John,  26,   27,  28, 
38,  39,  43,  44,  64. 
Davis,  Rev.  Gustavjis,  212. 
Dartmouth  Coll.,  139. 


Dsiy,  John,  48,  58. 
Devotion,  Rei'.  John,  129. 
Dickenson,  Thomas,  61. 
Discipline,  78,  199,  226. 
Dodd,  Samuel,  219. 
Dorman,   Rev.  Lester,  234. 
Dorr,  Rev.  Edward,  120,  138,  142, 

143- 
Dress,  79-81,  150,  173,  174,  192. 
Drummond,  Rev.  James,  230. 
Dwight,  Timothy,  150. 

Theodore,  171,  193. 

Earle,  Alice  Morse,  87. 

Early  Records  of  Sec.  Church,  11, 

12,  49,  129.       Appendix. 
Easter,  237. 

East  Hartford,  94,  loS,  211,  230. 
Eaton,  Governor,  30. 
Education,  75,  149. 
Edwards,  Rev.  Jonathan,  iii,  113, 
115,  118. 
Richard,  107. 
Mrs.  Jonathan,  114. 
Eels,  Rexf.  Edward,  139. 
Elders  from  Mass.,  29,30,  31,  34. 
Election  Day,  in  Sec.  Church,  179  ; 

in  1816,  191. 
Eliot,  Rev.  Joseph,  51. 
"  Eliza  Wharton,"  112,  151. 
'EWevy,  John,  160,  lOi,  216. 
Ellsworth,  Oliver,  171. 
'Ensing,  James,  47,  57,  62,  171. 
Sarah,  48. 
C.  S.,  62. 
Episcopac3^  102,  103,  116,  172,  176, 

190,  222,  227. 
Eston,  Jo h/i,  48,  49,  58. 
Hannah,  48. 

Federalism,  188,  etc.,  192. 

Fild,  Zachary,  24. 

Finley,  Rev.  Samuel,  116. 

First  Church  in  Hartford,  contro- 
versy in,  see  chap.  ist.  Mr.  Whit- 
ing pastor,  43,  64  ;  other  pastors, 


428 


ffistoty  of  the  Church 


91,  143,  181;  meeting-houses,  104, 
120,  179;  revivals  in,  93,  119; 
members  in  1774,  149  ;  choir  of 
in  1818,  194;  new  creed,  etc., 
206;  see  230,  235,  240. 

Fitch,  Rev.  Charles,  212. 

Fitton,  Rev.  James,  212. 

FHnt,  Rev.  Abel,  pastor  Sec.  Ch., 
163  ;  parentage,  education,  etc., 
etc.,  165  ;  his  works,  166,  168,  169; 
characteristics,  167  ;  pres.  of 
Sunday-school  Society,  177  ;  re- 
sists Universalists,  181  etc. ;  letter 
to  committee,  182  ;  last  days,  1S6, 
1 87  ;  described  by  Dr.  Bacon, 
186  ;  his  ministry,  187  ;  anecdote 
of,  192  ;  approves  Mr.  Linsley, 
196.     See  205. 

Flint,  Eras  ties,  177. 

Foote,  Rev.  H.,  212. 

Fourth  Church,  212,  223,  230,  236. 

Franklin,  Benjaniin,  106,  150. 

Funerals,  86. 

Future  probation,  etc.,  232. 

Gage,  Re7i.   Wm.  L.,  240. 
GsWvi-^,  John,  257. 
General  Association,  98,    100,  114, 
117,  150,  168,  176. 
General  Court  of  Conn.,  18,  28,  29, 

33.   34.  38.   39.40,43.44,  45.   75. 

77,  92,  96  ;     General  Assembly, 

107,   116,   120,   123,  172,  177,  191, 

225. 
Gi'-\S!oQ's:\.,  Jonathan,  48,  56. 
Mrs.  Laura,  257. 
Gillette,  Dea.  Charles,  217,  252. 
Gilman,  George  S.,  234. 
Glazier,  Dea.  Franklin,  251. 
Gleason,  P.  B.  &^  Co.,  203. 
Goldthwaite,  Flavel,  211. 
Goodrich,  Rev.  Elizur,  164. 

S.  G.,  192,  195. 
Goodman, y^7;«^.y,  234. 
Goodwin,  Ozias,  24. 

Horace,  205. 


Goodwin,  William,  15,   16,  22,  39, 
41. 
Charles  S.,  252. 
Gould,  Rezi.  Geo.  H.,  240. 
Grave,  George,  47,  51,  57,  61. 

Isaac,  24. 
Graves,  Dea.  Joseph  A.,  252. 
Great  Awakening,  113. 
Gregson,  Phebe,  52. 
Griswold,  Dea.  Hosiner,  252. 

Haddam,  154,  155,  157. 

Hadley,  38,  39,  40,  162. 

Halee,  Thomas,  48. 

Hammersley,   IV.  J.  ,2^7. 

Half  Way  Covenant,  32,  34,  42,  49, 

113,  136- 

Harbert,  Benjamin,  24,  47. 

Harrington,  Dea.  H.  P^.,  252. 

Harris,    Rev.    Sainuel,    230,    231, 
232,  233,  252. 

Hartford,  13,  51,  56;  its  peo- 
ple, houses,  customs,  furniture, 
dress,  etc.,  two  hundred  years 
ago.  See  chap.  3d.  Revivals 
in,  93,  iig,  215;  progress  in,  106 
107;  population,  124;  fatal  explo- 
sion in,  129;  public  games,  136; 
musical  convention,  136,  149,  150; 
becomes  a  city,  160;  State-house, 
171;  btn"ial  ground,  172;  dramatic 
exhibitions  and  amusements,  172; 
improvements,  174,  18S;  town 
meetings  in  church,  178,  179; 
Hartford  wits,  etc.,  192;  descrip- 
tion of  in  181 1,  195;  Theo.  Sem., 
and  College,  214;  Library  Ass., 
Institute,  and  Athenaeum,  214; 
railway,  222;  hospital,  227;  in 
i860,  235-237. 

Hartford  Ordination,  231-234. 

Hartford  Selection  of  Hymns,   168. 

Hartford     Theological     Seminary, 
214. 

Hartford  Times,  193,  251. 

Hassett, /<:?/;;/,  258. 


General  Index 


429 


Hatch,  Azor,  179. 
Hathaway,  Alvali,  194. 
Hawley,  "  Father'^  237. 
Hawthorne,  Nathaniel,  88,  89. 
Hayden,  Col.   IVtn.,  201. 
Haynes,  jRe7/.  Joseph,  43,  44,  50, 

59- 
Hawes,  Re7>.  Joel,  180,  iSi,  195, 
196,  210,  223,  226,  227,  231, 
234,  236,  237,  death  of,  241. 
Helmer,  Re7>.  C.  D.,  229. 
Hempstead,  Dea.  Joshica,  106,  185. 
Higginson,   Re7>.  John,  16,  26,   27, 

30,  38,  appendix. 
Hills,  Dea.  George  F.,  252. 
Hinsdale,  Barnabas,  137. 

Daniel,  123,  151,  161. 
Historical   Societj^'s    Coll.,    Conn., 
II,  16;   notes  to  Chap,  ist, 
261. 
History  of  First  Church,  12,  13,  26, 
33,  38,  40,  42,  49>  93.  120. 
History  of  Windham  Co.,  116. 
Hitchcock,  Rev.  Enos,  164. 
Hoadly,  C.  J.,  103. 
Holden,  Oliver,  145. 
Hooker,  Rev.  Nathaniel,  94. 

NatJianiel  aftd  William 

121. 
Rev.  Edtuard,  223. 
Rev.   Thomas,  14,  17,  32, 
33,  4^  69,  74. 
Hopkins,  Dr.  Letnuel,  172. 
Hosmer,  Hester,  91. 
Joseph,  121. 
Stephen,   48,    50,    58,   60, 

61. 
Re7>.  Stephen,  157. 
Thomas,  63,  and  note. 
Thomas,  Esq.,  and  Dea., 
146. 
Howe,  Rev.  Joseph,  138. 
Hubbard,  Samuel,  48. 
Hubbard's  History,  etc.,  20,  34,  35. 
Hudson,   Barzillai,  160,  171,   185. 
Hull's  Diarjs  22,  31,  36,  40. 


Humphrey,  Samuel  and luije,  213. 
Huntington,  Rev.  Enoch  and  Rev . 
Joseph,  139. 
Samuel,  139,  146. 
Jonathan,  151. 
Charles       W.,      and 
wije,  234,  255,  257. 
Hutchinson  Papers,  41. 

Indian  Wars,  67,  91,  92.  , 

Jenkins,  Rev.  J.  L.,  240. 
Jewell,  Marshall,  234. 
Johnson,  Samuel,  103. 
Keeney,  Alar  ion,  255,  257. 
Keith,  Capt.,  138. 
Kendall,  E.  A.,  179. 
Kilbourn,  Henry,  201. 
Kingsbury,  Nelson,  240. 
Knight,  Madame,  94,  108,  109. 
Knox,  Dea.  Elijah,  177,  17S. 

Lansdowne  Manuscripts,  11. 
Law,  Andrew,  144. 
Governor,  116. 
Lawrence,  _/.,   minutes  as  to   Mr. 
Patten,  138,  170. 
Dr.  E.  A.,  181,  230. 
Leawis,   William,  24. 
Lechford's  Plaine  Dealing,  81. 
Lee,  Eliza  Buckjninster,  151. 

Re7K  Mr.,  116. 
'Ledya.vd,  John,  120,  123,  129. 
Dr.  Nathaniel,  129. 
Col.   William,  129. 
Letters,  Webster,  CuUick,  etc.,  to 
Mr.  Stone,  23,  28;  George  Steele, 
etc.,    to   Church,    23;    Church  to 
withdrawers,  and  reply,  24;  eld- 
ers in  Mass.,  to  withdraw'ers,  29; 
withdrawers    to   Mr.    Stone,    29; 
churches  in   Mass.,  to  Hartford 
church,  29;  withdrawers  to  Gov. 
Eaton,  etc.,  30;  Mr.  Stone  to  the 
church,   36;    Avithdrawers  to   the 
churches,   36;  Mr.  Davenport  to 


43° 


History  of  the  Church 


John  Winthrop,  44;  Mr.  Whit- 
man to  the  Society,  124;  Mr. 
Boardman  to  the  Society,  158, 
159;  Dr.  Flint  to  the  Society,  169; 
Mason  Cogswell  to  his  father, 
165;  Dr.  Flint  to  Mr.  Lawrence, 
170,  Dr.  Flint  to  Society,  and  re- 
ply, 181,  182;  Barzillai  Hudson, 
Jr.,  185;  Dr.  Linsley  to  H.  Good- 
win, 209. 

Linsley,  Rev.  J.  H.,  parentage, 
education,  etc.,  197;  comes  to 
Sec.  Ch.,  196,  197;  other  settle- 
ments, 198;  undertakes  discipline, 
1 99;  dedication  sermon,  203;  let- 
ters to  Society,  204,  207;  to  H. 
Goodwin,  209;  in  financial  straits, 
204;  secures  new  creed  and  cov- 
enant, 206;  characterized  by  Dr. 
Bacon,  208,  209;  his  wife,  209. 
See  224. 

Linsley,  Rev.  Charles  E.,  247. 

Litchfield  law  school,  193. 

Literature,    73,    76,    106,    150,    192, 

193- 
Lockwood,  Rev.,  132. 
Loomis,  S.  6^. ,  218. 
Lord,  Richard,  37,  216. 
Louisburg,  113. 
Lyon,  Dr.   Irving    IV.,  70,  note. 

Magnalia,  15,  17,  42. 
Manly,  Dea.    IVm.,  140. 
Margaret  Smith's  Journal,  75. 
Marriage  Service,  86. 
Marsh,  _/(?//«,  24,  48,  50,  58. 
Rev.  Jojiai haft,  iii. 
Thomas,  ii~.' 
Mason,  Loivcli,  195. 
Massachusetts,  elders,  34  ;  records, 
37,39;    Hist.  Soc.   Coll.,  41,    59, 

65- 
Mather,  Cotton,  15,  65. 

Increase,  62,  88. 

Richard,  29,  34. 
Matignon,  Rev.  Dr.,  212. 


Meacham,  Horace,  167. 

Meeting  Houses  of  Second  Church, 
first  one,  62  ;  second,  120-122, 
137,  244  ;  third,  200,  202  ;  en- 
larged, 225,  235  ;  alterations  and 
repairs  in  1872,  248  ;  fiftieth  an- 
niversary of  dedication,  250 ; 
takes  fire,  252  ;  is  renovated, 
253,  etc. 

Mem.  Hist,  of  Hartford  Co. ,  51, 107, 
174. 

Merrils,  Dea.  Daniel  and  Hepzi- 
bah,  133. 

Merolds,  SaraJi,  48. 

Methodist  Church,  178. 

Minority  in  Hartford  Church,  see 
"letters"  and  chap,  ist;  their 
position,  18,27,28,  35;  apply  to 
Wethersfield,  36,  37,  38;  some  go 
to  Hadley,  etc.,  38,  39,  40;  suc- 
ceed at  last,  45;  their  character, 
24,  42,  52;  see  letters  of  Higgin- 
son  and  Davenport  in  appendix. 

Miss.  Soc.  of  Conn.,  168,  etc.,  1S8. 

Mitchell,  [ottatlian,  20,  39,  41. 

Moody,  DwigJit  L.,  251. 

Moore,  Rev.   IVm.  H.,  246. 

Morris,  Rev.  Myron,  236. 

Morton's  Memorial,  43. 

Music,  83,  104,  105,  135,  143-145, 
150,  152,  160,  167,  194,  195,  202, 
203,  214,  215,  224,  235,  239,  255. 

Mygatt,  Zebitlon,  121. 

Narrative  of  Missions,  167. 
']i^Sis\\,JosepJi,\-],  56,  58. 

Margaret,  48. 
Negroes,  137. 

New  Haven,  34,  38,  107,  109. 
Newspapers,  106,  126. 
New  York  Tribune,  145. 
Newton,  Rev.  Roger,  37. 
Nichols,  Lieut.  Cyprian,  95. 

George,  137. 
North  Church  (Park),  198,  199,  203, 
211,  230,  236,  240. 


General  Index 


431 


Norton,  /c*//;/,  29,  31,  39. 

Mrs.  Amelia,  192. 


Olcott,  Captain,  138. 
Old  Lights,  etc.,  114,  116,  118,  119, 
136,  174- 
Orphan  Asylum,  210. 
Outside  Saints,  32. 
Owning  the  Covenant,  15,  49,   93, 
loi,  167,  177. 

Paine,  Rc7'.  Solomon,  117. 
Parish  Way,  34.  35,  42. 
Parker,   William  and  Dea.    Wil- 
liam, 97  and   note,   see 
231,  note. 
Edwin    Pond,    called    to 
Sec.  Ch.,  229,  230,  231, 
etc. 
James,  234. 
Partrigg,  Will,  24. 
Patten,  Rev.    William,  colleague 
pastor,  130-132  ;  preaches  in  First 
Church,   138;    action   of  Church, 
Society,  and  councils  concerning, 
137-141;    derivation,    early    his- 
tory, family,  etc.,  141-142  ;  mon- 
ument, 142. 
Patten,  Ruth,  141-142  ;  1S6,  198. 
Patton,  Ret'.   William,  214. 
Pearl  St.  Church,  225,  230,  240. 
Peck,  Lieut.    Titus,  231  note. 
Perkins,    Rev.   Nathan,   153,   164, 

191. 
Perry,  Rev.  Jos.,  148. 
Pierpont,  Rev.  Benjamin,  64. 
Pierson,  Rev.  Abraham,  95. 
Pitkin,  Rev.,  132. 

Norman  T.,  248. 
Political  Revolution  of  I S 16-17,  189, 

etc. 
Pomeroy,  Rev.  Benjamin,  132. 
Pond,  Rev.  Enoch,  231. 
Porter,  Rev.  Noah,  223,  236. 
Presbyterianism,  17,  43,  45,  96,  100; 
church  in   Hartford,   225  ;    Con- 


gregational churches  called,  176 

note. 
Prudden,  Rev.  Peter,  90. 
Psalmody,  83.    See  Music. 
Puritan  Character,  88. 
Putnam,  Israel,  146. 

Quakers,  72. 

Rate  Bill,  171. 
Read,  Daniel,  144. 
Religious  Usages,  81. 
Reid,  Rev.  Adam,  222. 
Revivals,    113,  etc.,  etc.,  166,  176, 

177,  178,  215,  251. 
Richards,  Francis  H.,  53. 
James,  47,  56. 
Joseph,  216. 
Sarah,  48. 
Dea.  Thomas,  103. 
Rights  of  Brotherhood,  20,   21,  33, 

41. 
Robbins,  Rev.  PJiilemon,  116. 
Levi,  171. 
Dr.  Thomas,  187. 
Roberts,  Eli,  167. 
Robinson,  D.  F.,  203,  205,  210,  219, 
225. 
Mrs.  D.  F.,  219. 
Henry  C,  234,  248. 
Lucius  F.,  257. 
Eliza    Trumbull, 
Mary   Alice,    and 
Harriet    Trumbull, 
252. 
Rogers,   Re7>.  Dr.,  152. 

Mrs.   Wm.,  255,  257. 
Russell,  Rev.  John,  34,  37., 
Roman  Catholics,  212,  225. 

Sanford,  Nathaniel,  63. 

Saybrook,  collegiate  school,  95; 
synod  and  platform,  90,  96,  97-99, 
113,  128,  136,  175,  176,  190. 

Savoy  Confession,  99. 

Seasons,  94,  loi,  158,  172,  note. 

Seating  the  Meeting-house,  85. 


432 


History  of  the  Church 


Second  Church  in  Hartford,  origin 
and  struggle  for  existence,  chap- 
ter ist;  organization,  14,45;  cov- 
enant, 47,  49;  early  records,  11, 
12,  49,  60,  and  appendix;  John 
Whiting,  pastor,  51  ;  character 
of  early  members,  52,  64  ;  ruling 
elder  in,  60;  halfway  covenant 
in,  49,  50;  first  meeting-house, 
62;  Mr.  Buckingham  settled,  91; 
Religious  interest  in,  93,  loi,  119; 
joins  Hartford  North  Cons.,  100; 
declines  reunion  with  First  Ch., 
103;  Music  in,  104,  see  Music; 
musical  convention,  136;  Mr. 
Whitman  settled,  11 1;  second 
meeting-house,  120-122,  137;  Mr. 
Patten  settled,  130,  131;  trial  and 
dismission  of  Mr.  Patten,  137-141; 
singing  in,  143-145;  loses  Mr. 
Whitman  and  Deas.  Hosmer  and 
Bull,  146;  calls  several  ministers 
in  vain,  151,  152;  Mr.  Boardman 
settled,  153,  etc.,  etc.;  hard  times 
in,  158  ;  Mr.  Flint  comes,  163, 
164;  catalogue,  records,  and  gen- 
eral condition  of  at  Mr.  Flint's 
coming,  166;  revivals,  166,  176, 
17S;  action  as  to  covenant,  167, 
206,  207;  provides  a  chapel,  etc., 
177;  exciting  scenes  in  sanctuary, 
184;  Dr.  Flint  resigns,  186;  town 
meeting  in  sanctuary,  178,  191, 
200,  201;  concert  in,  194;  Mr. 
Linsley  settled,  196;  condition  of 
affairs  at  that  time,  198,  199; 
Sunday-school,  199,  see  177; 
third  meeting-house,  200;  dedi- 
cation of  same,  202;  stands  by 
Dr.  Linsley,  205,  206;  spiritual 
results  of  his  work,  208 ;  dismis- 
sions to  Baptist  Church,  213; 
under  Dr.  Vanarsdalen,  213;  Dr 
Daggett  settled,  214;  great  re- 
vival, 215;  communion  furniture, 
etc.,  216,  217,  note;  under  Dr. 
Clarke,  223-225;    chapel  and  en- 


larged sanctuary,  224,  225;  atti- 
tude towards  Dr.  Bushnell,  226, 
227;  Mr.  Clarke  retires  from,  227; 
Mr.  Helmer  called  but  comes  not, 
229;  Mr.  Parker  called  and  set- 
tled, „229,  230;  parsonage,  241; 
bicentennial  celebration, 241,  etc., 
etc.;  new  manual,  etc.,  249;  its 
memorial  font,  248;  memorial 
communion  service,  251,  252. 

Second  Ecc.  Society  of  Hartford, 
records  of,  129;  town  bell,  104; 
meeting-houses,  62,  120-122,  137, 
200;  Dr.  Whitman's  letters  to, 
124;  calls  Mr.  Patten,  130;  meet- 
ings, 130;  as  to  contributions, 
136;  receives  property,  126,  127, 
160,  161;  collecting  rates,  137; 
action  as  to  Mr.  Patten,  137; 
grant  to  Mrs.  Whitman,  147; 
evening  sessions,  152;  calls  Mr. 
Boardman,  153;  hard  times,  158; 
a  bell,  160;  call  to  Mr.  Flint,  162, 
163;  encourages  music,  143,  167; 
repairs  sanctuary  and  parsonage, 
170;  rate  bills,  171;  Universalist 
agitation  in,  181-1S4,  186;  accepts 
Dr.  Flint's  resignation,  1S7;  calls 
Dr.  Linsley,  196;  votes  of  as  to 
pews,  town  meetings,  and  meet- 
ing-house, 200,  201;  leases  lect- 
ure room  to  church,  202;  finan- 
cial difficulties,  205,  210;  other 
troubles,  2r8;  as  to  Dr.  Linsley's 
departure,  205,  206;  improves 
under  Dr.  Clarke,  223;  sells  prop- 
erty, 211;  builds  chapel,  224;  en- 
larges sanctuary,  225;  calls  Mr. 
Helmer,  229;  Mr.  Parker  called 
to  be  pastor,  229;  repairs  the 
meeting-house,  24S;  financial  im- 
provement of,  249;  buys  new 
organ,  252. 

Separate  churches,  100,  116,  117. 

Seymour,  the  family  history,  134, 

135- 
John,  48,  49,  58,  60,  135. 


General  Index 


433 


Seymour,  Mary,  48. 

Hanna/i  and  Caroline, 

129,  134. 
Isaac,  122. 
fared,  121,  134. 
Jotiatlian,  121,   123,  130. 

Capt.  Israel,  156. 
Michael,  178. 
Charles,  137. 
Thomas,    120,    121,    123, 

130,  133,  134,  160,  163, 
166,  207,  208. 

Horace,  205. 
Henry,  135,  171,  178. 
Thomas     Y.,    135,    160, 

163, 171. 
William  and  ledyard, 

135- 
Col.     Thomas    H.    and 

Mary,  135. 
Zechariah,  123. 
Sewall,   Samuel,  S3,  84. 
Sheldon,  yi^j-,!?///,  121,  171. 
Daniel,  130. 
Capt.  John,  103. 
Isaac,  151. 
Shepard,  El  is  ha,  1S2. 
Sherman,  _/<'//«,  29. 

Roger,  146. 
Shipman,  7?t'7/.  7".  Z.,  221,  244. 
Sigourney,  Mrs.,  192. 
Singing  Schools,  144,  145. 
Slave  Trade,  etc.,  175. 
Smalley,  Rev.  John,  135. 
Smith,  Arthur,  48,  58. 
lydia,  48,  49. 
Z?r.   William,  145. 
Sons  of  Liberty,  129. 
Spaulding,  T?;??/.  George,  240. 
Spencer,  Norman  T,  255,  257. 
Sprague,  ^<?z/.  Isaac  N.,  212. 
Spring,  ^^z/.  Samuel,  211,  230. 
Squire,  Z^^a.  /f/«.  L.,  249. 
Stanley,  Abigail,  iii,  162. 

Nathaniel,  48,  57,  60,  161, 
C(C7/.  Nathaniel,  112,  121, 
161. 

28 


Stanley.  Thomas,  24,  112,  161. 

William,    58,     121,     137, 
160,  162,  216. 
Stanlej- family,  161,  162. 
Stebbing,  Frances,  48,  56. 
Steele,  Daniel,  121,  139. 
George,  24,  29. 
James,  47.  57. 
Jonathan,  151. 
Timothy,  151. 
Stillman,    Z^tv?.    Z.    Z>.,    217,    219, 

224,  225,  234,  248. 
vStocking,  Agnes,  48. 

George,  47,  51,  57. 
Stone,  7?t'<'.  Samuel,  14,  16,  17,  20, 
21,   27,  28,  30,   34,  35,  36, 
41-43- 
Rev.  Samuel,  J-.,  62. 
Stoves,  84. 

Strong,    Rev.    Nathan,    139,    143, 
149,    154,    163,   168,    169, 
180,  212. 
Sumptuary  Laws,  77. 
Sunday-schools,  177,  199,  256. 
Swift,  Zephaniah,  213. 
Synods,  34,  35,  37,  42;  of  Saybrook, 
97,  etc. 

Talcott,  Ma7-y  K.,  52. 

Ensign,  37. 
Talcott  St.  Chtirch,  212. 
Taylor,  Dr.  Nathaniel,  214. 
Temperance,  188. 
Terry,    Dea.    Seth,    177,   223,   228. 

234- 
Thacher,  Thomas  A.,  142. 
Thompson,  Rev.   JVm.,  221. 
Tiffany,  Edwin  D.,  234. 
Tileston,   Dea.    Thomas,   166,   177, 

185.  219. 
Tisdale,  Thomas,  163. 
Tithing  Man,  85. 
Toleration,  191. 
Towne,  Rev.  Joseph,  222. 
Trask,  Henry  F.,  255,  257. 
Trinity  College,  214. 


434 


History  of  the  Church 


Trumbull,  Benjamin,  his  History, 
i6,  17,  19,  33,  39,  50, 
93,  loi,  103,  116. 

Trumbull,  J.    Hanuitond,    41,    81, 
261. 
John,  150,  192. 
Jonatlian,  146. 

Tucker,  Isaac,  137. 

Tufts,  Rev.  John,  105. 

TurnbuU,  Rev.  Robert,  223,  236. 

Tyler,  Dr.  Bennett,  214. 

Twichell,  Rev.  Joseph,  240,  250. 

Unitarians,  212,  222,  236. 
Universalists,  182,  185,  236. 

Vanarsdalen,  Rev.  Cornelius,  210, 

211,  213. 
Vermilye,   Rev.   Robert,   230,  232, 

233- 

Wadsworth,  j'?^?/.  Daniel,  iii,  142. 
Dafiiel,  200. 
John,  107. 
William,  37. 
Captain,  138. 
Waldo,  Rev.  Daniel,  165. 
Walker,  Rev.   Geo.   Leon,   12,   13, 

26,  33,  40,  42,  49,  93,  206. 
Walter,  Thomas,  105,  143. 
^ oXton,  Rev .   Wm.  C,  212. 
Ward,  Nathaniel,  24,  40,  84. 
Warham,  Rev.  John,  34,  37,  44,  45. 
Warner,  Charles  Dudley,  60,  84. 

Andreiv,  24. 
Washburn,  Rev.  E.  A.,  236. 
Waters,  Samuel,  139. 
Watson,  Kbejiezer,  143,  152. 
Watts,  Elizabeth,  48. 

Thomas,  47,  56. 
Way,  Eliezer,  63. 
Webber,  /?d'7v.  (7.  ^V.,  230,  236. 
Webster,  Ebenezer,  121,  123. 
Noah,  163,  171. 
Me  dad,  157. 

^'//'.  John,  19,  22,  24,  29, 
41- 


Webster,  Robert,  47,  57. 

Z^^rt:.     Charles     T.,    217, 
219,  240. 
Wells,  Jonathan,    121,    123,     139, 
166. 
Z^^a.  J.  Hubbard,  213,  234. 
Sylvester,  182,  184,  185. 
Thomas,  107. 

Z)^«.     Thomas,    226,     239, 
252. 
West  Hartford,  94,  125,  230. 
Wethersfield,  27,  34,  37,  38,  96,  230. 
Wethersfield  Av.  Ch. ,  240. 
Wheelock,  Rezj.  Eleazar,  132,  141. 
White,  Elizabeth,  48. 

Elder  John,  24,  59,  60. 
Jacob,  48,  123. 
Whitefield,  Rev.  George,   1 14-1 18, 

120,  121. 
Whiting,  note  on  Whiting  family, 
53,  54,   Rev.  Joint,  settled  over 
1st  Ch.,     42,  43,   44;    formed  2d 
Ch.,   45;   birth,    education,   mar- 
riage, etc.,   52,    53;   election  ser- 
mon, 55;  sickness  and  death,  55, 
56;  letters,  61,  62,  65. 
Whiting,  Joseph,  162. 
Samuel,  29. 
Col.   William,  92,  94. 
Whitman,  Rev.  Elnathan,  ances- 
try and  ordination,    iii;  trustee 
of  Yale,  112;  marriage  and  chil- 
dren, 112,  161;  relation  to  White- 
field,  114,  115,  118;  election  ser- 
mon,   119;    other    sermons,    120; 
letters  to  Society,   124,   125;   has 
colleague,     131;    charge    to    Mr. 
Patten,    132;    sole   pastor  again, 
142;  illness,  143;  death  and  mon- 
ument, 147,  148.     See  162. 
Whitman,  Elizabeth,  112,  151,  162. 
Rev.  Samuel,  iii. 
William,  112. 
Wigglesworth,  Michael,  20,  22,  74. 
Wilcox,  Rev.  Carlos,  19S. 
Williams,  Rev.  NatJianiel,  152. 
Rev.  Solomon,  139. 


General  Index 


435 


Williams,   William,  146. 
Wilson,  yb/rw,  29,  58. 
Henry,  236. 

Mrs.  Charles.  255,  257. 
Windsor,  50. 
Windsor  Av.  Ch.,  240. 
Winship,  y<3j-(f///,  163. 
Winthrop,  ycV/«,  17. 

John.  Jr..  37,  44,  66,  S3. 
Witchcraft,  59. 
Wolcott,  Mary  Anne,  173. 
Oliver,  146. 
Governor,  191. 
Roger,  107. 
Woodbridge,  7?^t/.  Benjaniin,  45. 


Woodbridge,  A"^'?'.  Samuel,  94,  96. 
yi*t'7'.      Timothy,    62, 

65,  91,  104. 
Joseph,  163. 
Woods,  Z>i?a.  George,  251. 
Woolterton,  Gregory,  24,  63. 
Women  of  Church,  256. 
Worship,  81,  84,  234,  237,  23S. 
Worthington,  Sarah,  48. 
Wyllys,  Capt.  Hezekiah,  103. 
C^/.  George,  163. 


Yale  College,  95,  96,   iii,   11: 

135,  147,  150.  151. 
Young  Men's  Ch.  Assoc,  251. 


124, 


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